I have entitled this paper "Linear Craniotomy" instead of "Craniectomy," the word proposed by Lannelongue and formerly used by myself. The operation is practically a long incision in the skull, the removal of a part of the bone being merely incidental to its being a hard instead of a soft tissue. The termination "ectomy" usually and of right signifies the entire removal of the part preceding this termination,<i>e.g.</i>, ooöphorectomy, omphalectomy, nephrectomy, etc. Removal of the cranium (as craniectomy means) being scarcely intended or done, our nomenclature should fit the facts. Dr. Bauer uses the word craniotomy in reference to his case (see below), but trephining is, I think, the proper one to describe his operation. In<i>The Medical News</i>of November 29, 1890, I published a case of linear craniotomy for microcephalus. The object of the present paper is to report the later history of this case and two