Carriers Of Thr54 Allele Research Articles

Effects of polymorphism in FABP2 Ala54Thr on serum lipids and glycemic control in low glycemic index diets are associated with gender among Han Chinese with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background/aimsLow glycemic index (GI) diets may have beneficial effects on glycemic control and serum lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, but whether its effect is affected by polymorphisms of genes associated with lipid metabolism remains unclear. This study investigated whether the effects of a low-GI diet on serum lipids and glycemic control in patients with diabetes are associated with polymorphisms of FABP2 Ala54Thr (rs1799883).MethodsA retrospective study was conducted involving 165 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who participated in two completed trials. Parameters reflecting the glycemic control, inflammatory factors, and fasting plasma lipids before and after intervention were measured, and the polymorphism of rs1799883 for each participant was genotyped using a Mas-sARRAY. Differences between the genotypes of rs1799883 before or after the intervention were compared, and changes in the lipid profiles, glycemic control, inflammatory profiles, and dietary intake from baseline were analyzed using an analysis of covariance (generalized linear model).ResultsWhen the data were analyzed as a whole, after 4–5 weeks of similar low-GI diet intervention, we found that the decrease of triglycerides (TG) in the homozygous Ala54 carriers was more significant than that in the Thr54 allele carriers ([−0.58±1.24] vs [−0.14±1.08], P=0.015) with the adjustment for potential confounding factors; furthermore, compared with the Thr54 carriers, there was a significant trend in the decrease of total cholesterol (TC) in the homozygous Ala54 carriers (P=0.057). Subgroup analysis revealed that in women the homozygous Ala54 carriers exhibited a significant decrease of serum TG, TC, fasting blood glucose, and glycated albumin in women, but this was not noted in men.ConclusionThe effect of FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism on response to blood lipids and gly-cemic control in low-GI diets is associated with gender among Han Chinese patients with T2DM.

Anthropometric and lipid profile of individuals with severe obesity carrying the fatty acid-binding protein-2 Thr54 allele.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric and lipid profiles of individuals being considered for bariatric surgery, taking into account the presence of the Thr54 allele of the fatty acid-binding protein-2 (FABP-2) gene (rs1799883), and dietary intake. In a cross-sectional study, 120 participants being evaluated for bariatric surgery were asked to keep 24-h dietary records (R24h) for 3d, and to collect a 24-h urine sample for measurement of urea (as an assessment of the adequacy of food records) during day 3 of the diet record; a fasting blood sample for laboratory and genetic evaluations was collected. When considering the whole sample, no significant differences were found; however, those who complied with the R24h (n=43) had more years of schooling and higher saturated fat intake, but lower weight and body mass index (BMI). When analyzing only the completers, the Thr54 allele carriers showed higher body weight (P=0.02), BMI (P=0.03), hip circumference (P=0.02), basal metabolic rate (P=0.02), and homeostatic model assessment-β (P=0.04) compared with those who were homozygous for Ala54. When the participants complied with the R24h, Thr54 carriers were shown to have higher anthropometric parameters and higher homeostatic model assessment-β values than those with the wild genotype, but the lipid profile resulted similar in both carriers and noncarriers.

The Ala54Thr Polymorphism of the Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 Gene Modulates HDL Cholesterol in Mexican-Americans with Type 2 Diabetes.

The alanine to threonine amino acid substitution at codon 54 (Ala54Thr) of the intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP2) has been associated with elevated levels of insulin and blood glucose as well as with dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of this FABP2 polymorphism in Mexican-Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the context of a three-month intervention to determine if the polymorphism differentially modulates selected clinical outcomes. For this study, we genotyped 43 participant samples and performed post-hoc outcome analysis of the profile changes in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, lipid panel and body composition, stratified by the Ala54Thr polymorphism. Our results show that the Thr54 allele carriers (those who were heterozygous or homozygous for the threonine-encoding allele) had lower HDL cholesterol and higher triglyceride levels at baseline compared to the Ala54 homozygotes (those who were homozygous for the alanine-encoding allele). Both groups made clinically important improvements in lipid profiles and glycemic control as a response to the intervention. Whereas the Ala54 homozygotes decreased HDL cholesterol in the context of an overall total cholesterol decrease, Thr54 allele carriers increased HDL cholesterol as part of an overall total cholesterol decrease. We conclude that the Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 modulates HDL cholesterol in Mexican-Americans with T2D and that Thr54 allele carriers may be responsive in interventions that include dietary changes.

Role of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 2 Ala54Thr Genotype on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factors after a High-Protein/Low-Carbohydrate versus a Standard Hypocaloric Diet during 9 Months

Background: It has been found that the expression of fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene mRNA is under dietary control. The polymorphism Ala54Thr of this protein was associated with high insulin resistance. Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Thr54 polymorphism on metabolic response, weight loss and serum adipokine levels secondary to high-protein/low-carbohydrate vs. standard hypocaloric diets during 9 months. Design: A population of 193 obese subjects was analyzed in a randomized trial. A nutritional evaluation was performed at the beginning and at the end of a 9-month period in which subjects received 1 of 2 diets (diet HP: high-protein/low-carbohydrate vs. diet S: standard diet). Results: With both diets and in both genotype groups, body mass index, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and leptin levels decreased. With both diets and only in wild genotype (diet HP vs. diet S), glucose (-6.2 ± 2.1 vs. -4.9 ± 2.0 mg/dl; p < 0.05), insulin levels (-5.0 ± 3.9 vs. -2.0 ± 2.1 UI/l; p < 0.05), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-R) (-1.1 ± 0.9 vs. -0.7 ± 1.0 units; p < 0.05) decreased. The improvement in these parameters was higher with diet HP than HS. With both diets and only in the wild genotype, total cholesterol and LDL-total cholesterol levels decreased. Conclusion: Carriers of Thr54 allele have a different metabolic response after weight loss than wild type non-A carriers obese, with a lack of decrease of LDL-cholesterol, glucose, insulin levels and HOMA-R.

Influence of ApoE and FABP2 polymorphisms and environmental factors in the susceptibility to gallstone disease

Background. Gallstone disease (GSD) is a common chronic disease in the Western hemisphere, yet environmental and genetic factors may be responsible for the variations in the prevalence of GSD among populations.Aim. To analyze the relationship of the ApoE and FABP2 polymorphisms with diet, physical activity and emotional health in patients with GSD from West Mexico.Material and methods. A total of 120 patients with GSD and 370 healthy subjects were enrolled. Anthropometric, biochemical, nutritional, clinical and physical activity parameters were measured. ApoE and FABP2 genotypes were assesed by PCR-RFLPs assays.Results: ApoE E3/E4 genotype and the ApoE E4 allele was highly prevalent among the GSD patients compared to the controls (32% vs. 12.0% and 22% vs. 8.4% respectively p < 0.01). Patients with the Apo E4 allele showed an upward trend of cholesterol levels compared to non-Apo E4 allele carriers (E4 186 ± 30 mg/dL; E3 143 ± 37 mg/dL; E2 129 ± 34 mg/dL). High triglyceride levels were associated with patients that were FABP2 Thr54 allele carriers (p < 0.05) but lacked association with GSD. This may be due to changes in dietary fats after GSD diagnosis, masking the clinical course of the disease. Sedentary lifestyle and negative emotions were detected in 83% and 63% of patients, respectively.Conclusion. These data suggest that the Apo E4 allele could confer genetic susceptibility for the development of GSD among the Mexican population. The Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 was associated with high triglycerides levels, but not to GSD; suggesting that environmental factors modulate such susceptibility.

Fatty acid-binding protein 2 Ala54Thr genotype is associated with insulin resistance and leptin levels changes after a high monounsaturated fat diet in obese non-diabetic patients

It has been found that the expression of fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) mRNA is under dietary control. This polymorphism was associated with high insulin resistance, and fasting insulin concentrations. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Thr54 polymorphism in the FABP2 gene on metabolic response, weight loss and serum adipokine levels secondary to a high monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet. A sample of 122 obese patients was analyzed in a prospective way. The hypocaloric diet had 1342 kcal, 46.6% of carbohydrates, 34.1% of lipids and 19.2% of proteins, with a 67.5% of monounsaturated fats, and lasted 3 months. Fifty-five patients (45.1%) had the genotype Ala54/Ala54 (wild group) and 67 (64.9%) patients a mutant genotype, Ala54/Thr54 (54 patients, 44.3%) or Thr54/Thr54 (13 patients, 10.7%). In wild group, body mass index (-1.5±1.2 kg/m2), weight (-4.1±3.6 kg), fat mass (-3.6±3.3 kg), waist circumference (-4.9±2.9 cm), insulin (-1.7±3.6 mUI/l), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-0.6±1.8 units) and leptin levels decreased (-7.6±7.1 ng/ml). In mutant group, anthropometric parameters improved, without changes in biochemical parameters. Carriers of Thr54 allele have a different response than wild type obese, with a lack of decrease of insulin levels, leptin levels and HOMA-IR.

Effect of Fatty Acid–Binding Protein 2 Ala54Thr Genotype on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factors After a High–Polyunsaturated Fat Diet in Obese Patients

BackgroundIt has been found that the expression of fatty acid-binding protein 2 messenger RNA is under dietary control.The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Thr54 polymorphism...

Effect of Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 on anthropometric and biochemical variables in response to a moderate-fat diet

ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of the fatty acid–binding protein (FABP2) gene Ala54Thr polymorphism on anthropometric and biochemical variables in response to a moderate-fat diet in overweight or obese subjects. MethodsOne hundred nine subjects with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 were studied. Participants underwent a dietary intervention that consisted of 30% fat (saturated fat <7% of total calories), 15% protein, and 55% carbohydrates. The FABP2 genotypes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. Anthropometric and biochemical data were measured at baseline, 1 mo, and 2 mo of nutritional intervention. ResultsThe mean age was 38.6 ± 11.3 y and the mean body mass index 32.7 ± 6.1 kg/m2, with 20 men (18%) and 89 women (82%). Fifty-three patients (48.6%) had genotype Ala54Ala (wild-type group) and 56 patients had genotype Ala54Thr/Thr54Thr (51.4%, mutant group). At baseline, no significant difference was found between the FABP2 genotypes groups, except for the carbohydrate intake and resting metabolic rate, which were higher in the Ala54Thr/Thr54Thr group (P < 0.05). At 2 mo, participants had lost 6.8% of their initial weight. The Ala54Thr/Thr54Thr group compared with the Ala54Ala group showed significant decreases in the parameters of weight (−7.5 versus −4.2 kg), body mass index (−2.1 versus −1.2 kg/m2), waist circumference (−7.6 versus −5.2 cm), waist-to-hip ratio (−0.04 versus −0.02), and C-reactive protein (−1.4 versus −0.76 mg/L), respectively (P < 0.05). After the resting metabolic rate was adjusted, the decreases in waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and C-reactive protein remained significant between the two groups. ConclusionsThis study showed that the Thr54 allele carriers responded better to a moderate-fat diet.

Association of the fatty acid‐binding protein 2 gene Ala54Thr polymorphism with insulin resistance and blood glucose: a meta‐analysis in 13451 subjects

The results from the published studies on the association of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) Ala54Thr polymorphism with insulin resistance and blood glucose are conflicting. In this meta-analysis, we investigated the association of the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism with insulin resistance and blood glucose. We collected data on fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin, 2-h blood glucose (2-h BG) and 2-h insulin (2-h insulin), and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index. A dominant model was used for this meta-analysis. Thirty-one studies with 13 451 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The carriers of Thr54 allele have significantly higher homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index and marginally higher fasting insulin than the non-carriers: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI, 0.02, 0.12), p = 0.007, p(heterogeneity) = 0.19 and SMD = 0.08, 95% CI (-0.01, 0.17), p = 0.07, p(heterogeneity) < 0.00001, respectively. A borderline significant association between the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism and an increased 2-h BG was also detected under the dominant model: SMD = 0.10, 95% CI (0.00, 0.20), p = 0.05, p(heterogeneity) = 0.09. In addition, a borderline association between this polymorphism and an increased fasting blood glucose in populations of other ethnic origins was detected under the dominant model: SMD = 0.11, 95% CI (-0.00, 0.23), p = 0.06, p(heterogeneity) = 0.03. Our meta-analysis suggests that the Thr54 allele of the FABP2 Ala54Thr is weakly associated with a higher degree of insulin resistance, higher level of fasting insulin and higher level of 2-h BG. Our meta-analysis also suggests a weak association between this polymorphism and an increased fasting blood glucose in populations of other ethnic origins under the dominant model.

Ala54Thr polymorphism of fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene and fasting blood lipids: A meta-analysis

ObjectiveThe results from the published studies on the association of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) Ala54Thr polymorphism with dyslipidemia are conflicting and inconclusive. In this meta-analysis encompassing all the relevant studies, we aimed to investigate the association of the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism with fasting blood lipids. MethodsWe limited our analysis to the following four blood lipid parameters: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Subjects were confined to adults who were at least 18 years old. A dominant model was used for this meta-analysis. Results30 studies with 14,401 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the carriers of Thr54 allele have higher blood TC and LDL-C than the non-carriers: standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.07, 95% CI (confidence interval, 0.02, 0.11), P=0.005, Pheterogeneity=0.12, and SMD=0.09, 95% CI (0.03, 0.15), P=0.002, Pheterogeneity=0.0006, respectively. Significant association between the Ala54Thr polymorphism and lower blood HDL-C was also detected under the dominant models: SMD=−0.05, 95% CI (−0.09, −0.00), P=0.04, Pheterogeneity=0.10. ConclusionsOur meta-analysis supports the strong association between the Thr54 allele of the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism with higher levels of TC and LDL-C, and lower levels of HDL-C.

Thr54 allele carriers of the Ala54Thr variant of FABP2 gene have associations with metabolic syndrome and hypertriglyceridemia in urban South Indians

The intestinal fatty acid–binding protein gene is proposed as a candidate gene for diabetes because the protein it codes is involved in fatty acid absorption and metabolism. This study investigates the association of the Ala54Thr variant of the intestinal fatty acid–binding protein gene on type 2 diabetes mellitus and other related metabolic traits in Asian Indians. Ala54Thr polymorphism was genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism in unrelated 773 type 2 diabetic and 899 normal glucose-tolerant (NGT) subjects, randomly chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study, an ongoing population-based study in South India. The Ala54Thr polymorphism was not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity. However, genotype-phenotype study revealed that the NGT subjects carrying the Thr54 allele had significantly higher 2-hour plasma glucose ( P = .007), glycated hemoglobin ( P = .004), 2-hour insulin ( P = .027), and fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P = .032) levels compared with those with the Ala54 allele. Normal glucose-tolerant subjects with Ala54Thr and Thr54Thr genotypes had significantly higher fasting serum triglyceride levels ( P = .003) compared with those with Ala54Ala. The subjects were stratified into those with hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL) and those without. The odds ratio for hypertriglyceridemia for the individuals carrying the Ala54Thr genotype was 1.491 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-1.83, P < .0001), and for those carrying the Thr54Thr genotype, it was 1.888 (95% CI, 1.34-2.67; P < .0001). Subjects were also stratified into those with metabolic syndrome (MS) and those without, according to modified Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. The odds ratio (adjusted for age and sex) for MS for the individuals carrying the Ala54Thr genotype was 1.240 (95% CI, 1.02-1.51; P = .03), whereas for those carrying the Thr54Thr genotype, it was 1.812 (95% CI, 1.28-2.57; P = .001). Carriers of the Thr54 allele have associations with MS and hypertriglyceridemia in this urban South Indian population.