Carpet Manufacturing Research Articles

A case study on optimizing industrial air conditioning with thermal solar energy in Egypt

This study investigates the feasibility of implementing a solar-assisted adsorption chiller in an industrial building at the Oriental Weavers International factory located in 10th of Ramadan City, Cairo, Egypt. The objective is to replace an inefficient split air conditioning system currently used to cool the Jacquard units during carpet manufacturing. The research begins by analyzing the performance of the existing cooling system to establish a baseline. It then explores the potential energy savings achievable by replacing the current system with a solar-assisted adsorption chiller. The existing oversized boiler will serve as an auxiliary heater for the new system. TRNSYS simulation tools are employed to model the building, simulate its thermal performance, and develop a solar-assisted cooling system. A parametric analysis investigates the impact of varying collector area and hot/cold-water storage tank volumes on key energy performance indicators. This analysis aims to determine the optimal component sizes needed for efficient system operation. Results indicate that a collector area of 90 m2 offers the optimal balance between performance and cost. There are minimal benefits to increasing the collector area beyond 100 m2. Larger hot water storage tanks demonstrate reduced outlet temperatures, reaching a maximum solar fraction at a capacity of 4 m³. The impact of cold-water storage tank volume on the system is minimal. The economic assessment reveals a payback period of 7.6 years, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 14.3 %, and a Return on Investment (ROI) of 34.5 % over a 10-year period, indicating the financial viability of the proposed system. Furthermore, the solar-assisted adsorption chiller system has the potential for substantial environmental benefits. The system has the capacity to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 7200 metric tons. This highlights not only the technical feasibility of the system but also its economic and environmental advantages.

A Tale of the Evolution and Stylized Modification of Paisley in different Eras of the Sub-Continent

The land of Kashmir is celebrated for the nature that abides within it, a place of immeasurable beauty, fabrics, color, scenic artistry and illustrative ways. Numerous fabrics of this land are unsheathed by their alluring, intricate, and delicate designs. Presumably, the well- known fabric patterns and designs among them are originated from the sub-Continent- namely, the “Paisley of Kashmir”. The art we shall be highlighting in this article shall be the Paisley motif from the land of Kashmir. Up to this day it is still used rigorously in variety of couture including wide range of casual domestic fabrics and gift particulars. The purpose of this article is to explore the literal background, origin, fashion, colorful patterns; and development in the motif, the present script and its use in the contemporary art world. Furthermore, my aim is to gain an in- depth knowledge on the content for which a series of interview schedule was held from the vast dealers of textile, needlewomen, embroiders of cloth, carpet manufacturers; and export dealers who had dealt with this Kashmir motif. This extensive exploration will not only enable us to dissect the use of Kashmiri motif but also contributes in knowing as how proactively it can be used to put extra touch of glamour for decorating home textiles such as bedcovers and dresses. 
 Index terms: Home textiles, Mango motif, Paisley of Kashmir, tadpole type pattern, teardrop.

Respiratory functions and health risk assessment in inhalational exposure to vinyl acetate in the process of carpet manufacturing using Monte Carlo simulations

Vinyl acetate (VA) is a volatile compound and the main compound of the carpenter’s glue. VA causes upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and hoarseness in occupational exposure. As Iran is one of the biggest carpet producers in the world, this study was carried out to determine the inhalational health risk for employees exposed to VA. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first health risk assessment and the first evaluation of the lung functions and respiratory symptoms in employees exposed to VA. In the six finishing shops of carpet manufacturing industry in Kashan city, Iran the cross-sectional studies were conducted in 2022. The subjects comprised of forty male employees exposed to VA and of forty non-exposed employees in the reference group. VA analyses in the workers’ breathing zones were performed based on the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 1453 Method. VA concentrations were measured using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Inhalational risk assessment to VA was performed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency method and the Monte Carlo simulations. Respiratory functions were determined using the spirometry indices. In the exposed employees, considerably higher prevalence rates of pulmonary symptoms were observed in comparison with the control group. Statistical analysis showed a remarkable difference between lung function parameters measured in the case and the control groups. The VA Hazard Quotient (HQ) values for all working posts, except the quality control unit, were > 1 indicating the substantial inhalational non-cancerogenic risk. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the VA concentrations and exposure time had the most significant contribution in the uncertainty assessment. Therefore, it is recommended to decrease exposure to VA concentrations and to reduce the working time of exposed employees.

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Treatment of Occupational Onychomychosis among Carpet Manufacture Workers in Egypt

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Treatment of Occupational Onychomychosis among Carpet Manufacture Workers in Egypt

Mathematical methods for evaluating innovative activity at carpet industry enterprises

The article examines the rationale and mathematical methods for assessing the innovative activities of carpet manufacturers in order to determine the impact on the economic efficiency of the enterprise. Along with the legislative framework of digitalization of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the article highlights the current state of digitalization in the country. The article also provides financial and operational indicators of the country’s largest carpet manufacturing enterprise. In particular, the author examines the main indicators of the company from the opening of production to the present. The effectiveness of digitalization of carpet production plays an important role in the technological development of the regional spatial-industrial structure, so the production of carpets and carpet products using digital technology has a positive impact on the economy. The article also considers the advantages and disadvantages of the main types of economic and mathematical forecasting. The article offers a regression analysis of economic indicators, as well as conducting a mathematical model analysis between the indicators of the study. In the course of the study, the extrapolation of increasing series of the main indicators of the carpet manufacturing company, as well as the forecasting by trend analysis method were considered. The main indicators of the largest carpet manufacturer in the country were analyzed by extrapolation. As a result, the authors recommended an analysis of the relationship between the selected indicators. The article recommends conducting an analysis to assess the level of reliability of the proposed model after conducting a regression analysis. In this case, the reliability of the model is tested with the regression coefficient, and on the basis of the proposed method, the coefficient of determination is estimated within the 95% reliability level. On the basis of the offered method there is a possibility of forecasting of the main indicators of the carpet and carpet goods production enterprise.

Health risk assessment of exposure to ambient formaldehyde in carpet manufacturing industries.

Formaldehyde is categorized as a definitive carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. To the best of our knowledge, no study has assessed the health risks of occupational exposure of workers in carpet manufacturing plants to formaldehyde. Therefore, this study assesses the health risks of the occupational exposure to formaldehyde of 67 male workers in carpet manufacturing plants in Iran in 2022. Exposure to formaldehyde was quantitatively determined after collecting personal exposure samples from the workers' respiratory zone and spectrophotometric analysis based on method number 3500 of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. In the next step, the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks based on personal exposure to formaldehyde were evaluated. Sensitivity analyses were employed using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The mean inhalation exposure of workers to formaldehyde was 0.636 mg m-3. The inhalation cancer risk value based on the integrated risk information system for formaldehyde was 4.06×10-4 ± 3.17×10-5 (mean ± standard deviation), which exceeded the value reported by the US Environmental Protection Agency. An unacceptable carcinogenic risk level was found in 75.6% of workers. The highest mean inhalation cancer risk was 6.74×10-4 (i.e., 6.74 additional cases per 10,000 employees exposed) was found in sizing post employees. The hazard quotient of formaldehyde was 0.311±0.024. The formaldehyde concentration had a considerable effect on the health risk. The findings of this study provide valuable scientific information that supports the development of future policies to enhance the health status of employees in carpet manufacturing plants.

An Overview of Carpet Manufacture: Design, Dyeing, Printing and Finishing

An Overview of Carpet Manufacture: Design, Dyeing, Printing and Finishing

New carpet pattern design with deep learning

The fact that digitalization touches every aspect of today’s world has often been realized with the ideas of the industry and projects carried out for the development of the industry. While Artificial Intelligence shows its effective activities in many areas of the industry and it can also support designers in pre-production design. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to produce new product designs by using the image data of the most demanded products obtained from a carpet manufacturing company with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks. Before performing the model training with the images obtained from the carpet manufacturer company, the image generation performances of a ready-made data set and two different Python libraries, Keras and PyTorch, were compared. As a result, it was determined that the performance of the PyTorch Python library in generating images was higher quality, and the model built with real images was repeated. The synthetic designs produced were presented to the carpet manufacturer, and it was aimed to bring the role of the designer to a position that guides the design models with the designer’s experience and knowledge in the design process, which is a complex and stochastic process before production.

Volatile organic compounds in carpet manufacturing plants: Exposure levels and probabilistic risk assessment using Monte-Carlo simulations

Air pollution due to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the workplace has been identified as a global problem. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the levels and the risk of occupational exposure of workers to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) in carpet manufacturing plants. BTEX sampling in the workers’ breathing zones was performed according to occupational safety and health standard methods using a personal sampling pump and analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. The concentrations of all compounds were lower than the occupational exposure limits. However, the estimated lifetime cancer risks and the values of hazard quotient (95th percentile) for benzene and ethylbenzene suggest potential carcinogenic (2.97 additional cases per 10,000 employees exposed and 1.48 additional cases per 1,000 employees exposed) and non-carcinogenic (11.3–5.46 times greater than threshold risk level set by the US EPA) risks. Moreover, on the basis of the sensitivity analysis carried out using the Monte-Carlo simulation method, the concentration is the main parameter affecting significantly both cancer and non-cancer risks. This study is the first effort to provide information on health risk assessment of BTEX in the breathing zone of the employees in carpet manufacturing plants in the world and may be useful for potential plans of health risk management and reduction.

A hybrid fuzzy multi-objective model for carpet production planning with reverse logistics under uncertainty

With the presence of ever-rising customers' concerns about environmental impacts, companies are utilizing used products and recyclable materials in their supply chains to manage the products' end-of-life effectively. Effective utilization requires a proper logistical structure to flow used and recovered products throughout the supply chain. In the carpet industry, reverse logistics operations are complex and susceptible to high uncertainty affecting the collection rate, recovered items’ availability, and reverse channel capacity. Besides total cost efficiency, carpet manufacturers and other logistics actors are willing to plan the production and reverse logistics functional areas to optimize sustainability attributes. Armed with these insights, this paper addresses a multi-product, multi-site, and multi-period production planning problem integrated with reverse logistics under uncertainty. A novel fuzzy multi-objective programming model (combining possibility and flexibility) is proposed with chance constraints. Finally, new hybrid fuzzy goal programming is presented to solve the developed model. Numerical study in the carpet industry is included to show the model applicability and sensitivity.

Comparison of solo and conventional ring yarns: effects on the compression characteristics of cut-pile carpets

Carpet manufacturers are continuously looking for new approach to improve the characteristics of their produced carpets in terms of appearance and durability. Material and structural parameters have a significant effect on the carpet compression properties. This study deals with characterization of the cut-pile carpets produced with Solospun pile yarns in comparison to Ring spun yarns. To this end, the acrylic pile yarns were produced in same linear density using a semi-worsted Solo- and Ring spinning systems. Both prepared pile yarns were used to produce machine-woven carpets in two different weft densities (1500 and 2000 yarns/m). Compression characteristics of the manufactured carpet samples under compression loading were evaluated. The findings revealed that the hairiness of Solospun yarn decreased by 24% and 41% for 3 and 6 mm hairs, respectively; while the yarn abrasion resistance increased by 39%. The results also revealed that the thickness loss (TL) under long-term static loading was vividly lower for the carpets produced from Solospun yarns, in comparison to Ring spun yarns. The compression characteristics such as compressibility, permanent deformation, compression energy and residual energy of the carpet samples made of the Solospun yarns were less than those made of conventional Ring spun yarns. Finally, using the Solospun yarns as carpet pile leads to higher useful life and pile recovery of the cut-pile carpets. Accordingly, these yarns are recommended to be applied in the carpet industry, instead of the Ring spun pile yarns.

Production Management: Analyzing the alignment of knowledge management with production management

The development of new information in the field of project management has had a significant effect on the manufacturing industry. As a result, it is critical that service development procedures be optimized in every project. The rise in cement manufacturing production was supposed to be accomplished through the utilization of knowledge management principles and knowledge management as a mediator, which was the purpose of this research. The research was carried out across a number of different cement-producing sites in the Kurdistan area of Iraq. The researchers looked at four different aspects of knowledge management in order to determine how much production could be increased by using knowledge management. These aspects were knowledge creation, knowledge storage management, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application, with knowledge management acting as a mediator. The researchers utilized a quantitative research methodology in the form of a survey in order to carry out the current analysis that is being presented. The questionnaire was handed out in a randomized fashion to around one hundred and forty administrative staff members working for a variety of cement production enterprises in the Kurdistan area. However, the researchers did manage to gather a total of 128 completed surveys. The study employed hierarchical multiple regression analysis as well as the Sobel test in order to evaluate the research hypotheses that had been created. According to the findings, each component of knowledge management—knowledge creation, knowledge storage development, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application—had a distinct and significant positive relationship with increased production at carpet manufacturers in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. This was the case regardless of which component of knowledge management was examined. In addition, the findings indicated that all knowledge management concepts with a mediator (a project management development program) had an indirect positive and significant relationship with increased production at cement manufacturing facilities in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The mediator in this case was the project management development program.

Шерсть как основное животноводческое сырье для изготовления кыргызских войлочных ковров

This article reflects the importance of wool in the life of traditional Kyrgyz society. The nomadic way of life provided them with everything they needed for daily life. Livestock, the main economic activity of the Kyrgyz, provided raw materials for livestock: wool, skins, horns, sheep skins and bones. The article describes the various characteristics and features of sheep’s wool. As a traditional knowledge of the Kyrgyz, its use in the treatment of fractures through wool, i. e. The importance of the medical aspect is established. Sheep’s wool is widely used in the manufacture of various household items, in the exterior and interior decoration of traditional yurts, and in the making of hats, clothes, and shoes. The technological method of shearing sheep to obtain high-quality wool, as well as the features of its preparation in the manufacture of Kyrgyz felt carpets (ala kiiz and shyrdak) are described in detail.

Bicomponent multifilament yarns of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) and nano-titanium dioxide for antibacterial carpet

Recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (RPET) multifilament yarns are used in carpet manufacturing as a way to reduce plastic waste. The conventional RPET carpet is however susceptible to bacterial accumulation. As a result, this research experimentally doped RPET with nano-structure titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) to produce RPET/nano-TiO2 bicomponent multifilament yarns with antibacterial property. The experimental multifilament yarn structure consisted of two parts: neat RPET core and RPET/nano-TiO2 shell. The nano-TiO2 content in the shell was varied between 1 and 3 wt% and the core/shell (C/S) ratios between 90/10, 70/30, and 50/50 w/w. The effects of C/S ratio and nano-TiO2 content on the mechanical and antibacterial properties of bicomponent multifilament yarns were determined. The experimental results indicated that the C/S ratio had no effect on the tenacity and elongation at break. Meanwhile, the tenacity and elongation at break of bicomponent fibers increased with nano-TiO2 content in the shell. The TiO2-doped RPET bicomponent yarns effectively inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The 90/10 bicomponent multifilament fiber with 3 wt% TiO2 achieved the highest antibacterial activity. The very high antibacterial activity was attributable to greater deposition of nano-TiO2 particles near and on the shell surface.

Unveiling the Crucial Factors of Women Entrepreneurship in the 21st Century

In the present era, women-owned firms are one of India’s fastest increasing entrepreneurial communities in the form of women entrepreneurs. The objective of the study is to identify the factors that influence women’s entrepreneurial orientation and firms’ performance. The research study discusses the influencing factors and their effect on firms’ performance and satisfaction in this regard. The proposed framework and hypotheses have been tested using data gathered from boutiques, beauty parlors, carpet manufacturers, and retail shops in Karnataka, India. Data analysis was done using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate techniques. In Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), paths were created for evaluating the cause-and-effect relationship between different factors viz., social, psychological, financial, and resource factors and entrepreneurial performance and satisfaction. Seven relationships were significant, while two relationships were insignificant in this structural equation. The key finding of the paper is that all factors have a significant impact on the firm’s performance. The implications of research results for researchers and practitioners are discussed, and suggestions have also been made.

A study of knowledge management alignment with production management: A study of carpet manufacture in Kurdistan region of Iraq

The manufacturing sector has been profoundly impacted by advances in project management knowledge. As a result, it is critical to optimize service development processes in every project. The aim of this research was to increase cement manufacturing production by applying knowledge management concepts and Knowledge management as a mediator. The study was conducted at various cement manufacturing facilities in Iraq's Kurdistan province. To quantify production improvement in cement companies, the researchers examined four facets of knowledge management: Knowledge creation, Knowledge storage management, knowledge sharing, and Knowledge application, with Knowledge management serving as a mediator. To conduct the current analysis, the researchers used a quantitative research approach in the form of a survey. The questionnaire was randomly distributed to 140 administrative employees of various cement manufacturing companies in the Kurdistan region. The researchers did, however, collect 128completed questionnaires. To assess developed research hypotheses, the study used hierarchical multiple regression analysis and the Sobel test. The findings indicated that all knowledge management elements (Knowledge creation, Knowledge storage development, knowledge sharing, and Knowledge application) had a clear and important positive relationship with increased production at carpet manufacturers in Iraq's Kurdistan region. Additionally, the findings indicated that all knowledge management concepts with a mediator (project management development program) had an indirect positive and important relationship with increased production at cement manufacturing facilities in Iraq's Kurdistan region.

Effect of Fenton oxidation on the toxicity of carpet manufacturing effluents

Effect of Fenton oxidation on the toxicity of carpet manufacturing effluents

CHARACTERIZATION OF LUBRICANT POLYETHYLENE WAXES

Polymer processing is become easy while using lubricant in a proper way. Hence viscosity reduction and gelation behavior/release effect of lubricants help the production speed and quality. In this manner by the growing need for lubricant characterization two technical-grade polyethylene (PE) waxes were investigated. PE is one of the most used lubricant and study by characterizing them using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to elucidate their structural, molecular and thermal characteristics in order to assess their effectiveness and suitability as lubricants in carpet manufacturing.

CUMHURİYET TÜRKİYE Sİ HALICILIĞI- I: 1923-1980 YILLARI ARASI

According to research, Anatolian carpet weaving has continued its existence as a traditional textile production for over a thousand years. There are many researches and publications on the history of carpet weaving in Anatolia. These studies suggests that carpet production has been affected by many factors such as political, economic, commercial, technical and artistic developments, and it has undergone periodic and local changes. The economical developments which started with the industrial revolution in Europe in the 18th Century laid the foundations of the carpet weaving during the Republican era. The decisions taken by Republicab gocernments also determined the road map for carpet weaving to take its current form in the country. However, succesive wars, economical crises, commercial and technological developments in The World and Turkey also effected carpet manufactiring. Becouse of these factors output of carpet manufacture tended to drop, rise, change in good or bad directions and caused a transformation in the history of the Republic of Turkey. The paper dicusses the development of carpet manufacture during the Republican era between 1923-1980 in Turkey. It analyses; Desicions taken by governments voncerning carpet manufacture, International developments related to global carpet trade, Developments in national and local carpet weaving and Transformation from hand weaving to machine weaving.

Flows, Stock, and Emissions of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in California Carpet in 2000-2030 under Different Scenarios.

In this study, we present a holistic analysis of the stock and emissions of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in California carpet in 2000-2030. Our high estimate is that, in 2017, the total PFAS accumulated in in-use carpet stock and landfilled carpet are ∼60 and ∼120 tonnes, respectively, and the resultant PFAS emissions are ∼800 and ∼100 kg, respectively. Among the three subclasses (side-chain polymers, PFAA, and nonpolymeric precursors), side-chain polymers dominate the in-use stock and landfill accumulation, while nonpolymeric precursors dominate the resultant emissions. Our low estimate is typically 8-15% of the high estimate and follows similar trends and subclass breakdowns as the high estimate. California's new Carpet Stewardship Regulations (24% recycling of end-of-life carpet) will reduce the landfilled PFAS by 6% (7 tonnes) at the cost of increasing the in-use stock by 2% (2 tonnes) in 2030. Aggressive PFAS phase-out by carpet manufacturers (i.e., reduce PFAS use by 15% annually starting 2020) could reduce the in-use PFAS stock by 50% by 2030, but its impact on the total landfilled PFAS is limited. The shift toward short-chain PFAS will also significantly reduce the in-use stock of long-chain PFAS in carpet by 2030 (only 25% of the total PFAS will be long-chain). Among the data gaps identified, a key one is the current area-based PFAS emission reporting (i.e., g PFAS emitted/area carpet/time), which leads to the counterintuitive result that reducing the PFAS use in carpet production has no impact on the PFAS emissions from in-use stock and landfills. Future technical studies should either confirm this or consider a mass-based unit (e.g., g PFAS emitted/g PFAS used/time) for better integration into regional substance flow analysis. Other noticeable data gaps include the lack of time-series data on emissions from the in-use stock and on leaching of side-chain polymers from landfills.