Prevalence Of Caries In Adolescents Research Articles

Increasing knowledge and attitudes about dental caries and prevention after educational intervention using a modified lecture method in adolescents

ABSTRACT Introduction: The prevalence of caries in adolescents is still high, and the average visit to the dentist is when the disease is advanced. Educational interventions about dental caries and prevention need to be carried out to improve oral health status. Providing oral health education with appropriate methods will increase knowledge and encourage changes in attitudes and behaviors to prevent adolescent dental caries. This study aimed to analyze the differences in knowledge and attitudes before and after the intervention of education on dental caries and prevention among adolescents using a modified lecture method. Methods: The study design is Quasi-Experimental with one group pretest posttest research design. Sample selection used probability sampling techniques, with simple random sampling techniques. The population in this study was students of SMPN 1 Jatinangor, with the total sample of 186 respondents. Respondents were given educational intervention using a modified lecture method, namely giving a lecture, with the help of a powerpoint presentation with interesting pictures, providing a toothbrush demonstration and ending with a discussion group. Pretest and posttest assessment was using questionnaires. Pretest and posttest assessments used a questionnaire, which contained 20 knowledge questions and 15 attitude questions. Questionnaires and educational materials had been tested for validity and reliability, with Cronbach's alpha results for knowledge at 0,878 and attitude at 0,841. The data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon test. Results: There was a significant difference between knowledge before and after the intervention of education on dental caries and prevention with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05), and there was an increase in knowledge score, there was an average increase in knowledge score of 52%. Likewise, there were differences in attitudes before and after the intervention, with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05) and an increase in attitude scores of 7.95%. Conclusion: The modified lecture method using power points, videos, demonstrations, group discussions and roll play on brushing teeth, which are carried out on adolescents, can increase knowledge and attitudes towards dental caries and prevention KEYWORDS Intervention, education, knowledge and attitude, dental caries, prevention

Association of clinical, social and environmental variables with dental caries prevalence in adolescents from a Brazilian municipality supplied with fluoridated water

Abstract Background Although a trend towards dental caries reduction has been observed, further investigations on its pattern and development are still needed. Objective To investigate the influence of clinical, social and environmental variables on dental caries prevalence in adolescents from a Brazilian municipality supplied with fluoridated water in 2018. Method This study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 277 adolescents aged 12 years of public schools in Nova Friburgo, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Clinical examinations were carried out by calibrated examiners to assess caries, periodontal disease, and fluorosis according to criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO). Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to record socio-environmental information. Results Individuals living in regions supplied with fluoridated water below the minimum required levels (OR=3.60, p=0.0006), with low income (OR=1.90, p=0.0444), presence of gingivitis (OR=3.36; p=0.0016), and whose reason for visiting the dentist was dental treatment (OR=2.41; p=0.0203) were more likely to have dental caries. A significant reduction (p<0.0001) in dental caries indexes was observed between 2012 and 2018. Conclusion Fluoridation of public water supply at unsuitable levels, as well as other social and clinical variables can influence the caries pattern in adolescents.

Dental caries in adolescents from public schools in Maputo, Mozambique

To assess dental caries prevalence in adolescents at urban and sub-urban areas of Maputo-City, Mozambique and to identify its relationship with dental fluorosis, dental plaque, nutritional status, frequency of sugar consumption and the concentration of fluoride in public water supply. Subjects (n=601) were randomly selected from five urban schools and five sub-urban schools. Clinical examinations were performed under standardised conditions by a trained examiner using DMFT index, SiC index, fluorosis index, PHP, BMI, a sugar consumption questionnaire and water supply analysis. The bivariate analysis and Pearson correlation was used (p < 0.05). The mean (DMFT) was 0.9 (+/- 1.65 SD). Children in urban schools showed less dental caries (0.8 +/- 1.49 SD) than children in sub-urban schools (1.1 +/- 1.80 SD, p = 0.03). Only 8.15% had very mild to moderate fluorosis but most presented poor oral hygiene. Cases of malnutrition were found in more sub-urban schools (n=109; 36.22%) than in urban schools (n=66; 22.00%) (p = 0.03). The frequency of sugar consumption was higher among urban children compared to suburban schools (p < 0.00). The level of fluoride in water consumption in urban schools was 0.4 ppmF, above the level of fluoride in sub-urban schools, 0.2 ppmF. Dental caries should not be considered a major oral health problem in Maputo at the moment. However the data suggest the implementation of a population strategy to reduce dental caries rates, in children of both urban and sub-urban areas, in Maputo.

Oral hygiene, dietary habits and prevalence of dental caries in adolescents from rural and urban areas in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the condition of oral hygiene, dietary habits and prevalence of dental caries in adolescents, listing these habits and comparing residents from rural and urban areas. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving of 623 adolescents of both sexes, aged 12 to 17 year old in Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and dental examination. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the exposure variables and outcome. A bivariate analysis was then performed using the Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of caries was 63.6%, in which adolescents living in rural areas had a prevalence of 70.7% and 56.4% in the urban area. The level of mother’s education ≤4 years and socioeconomic class B1/B2 and C1/C2 showed statistically significant differences between the areas of residence. Among the demographic variables, the rural area showed a higher prevalence of caries. Conclusion: The results showed a high prevalence of dental caries among the adolescents studied and indicate a correlation between prevalence and the low level of mother’s education, socioeconomic status (low to medium) and residence in rural areas. It should be understood that, while the multifactorial nature and stratified caries actions are not taken into consideration, the actions implemented will continue to fail, frustrating the expectations set by government entities.

Caries prevalence in adolescents in Eastern Bosnia: Foca municipality

Caries is the most frequent oral disease in all age groups. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine dental status and caries prevalence in adolescents in the Eastern Bosnian region, in Foca municipality Materials and methods: The study comprised 300 pupils of secondary schools, of both sexes and aged between 15 and 18 in Foca municipality. Dental check-up was conducted by a single dentist using daylight, dental mirror and dental probe. Caries prevalence was analyzed using the DMFT index. Results: Results showed that the dominant components of DMFT were filled (51.7%) and decayed teeth (36.8%) while extracted teeth were least frequent (11.8). Initial caries was observed most frequently in upper (48%) and lower (39.7%) molars and least frequently in lower anterior teeth (8.4%). Deep caries lesions were most often found in upper (35,7%) and lower (33.3%) molars and rarely in lower anterior teeth (3.3%). Conclusion: Adolescents in Eastern Bosnia (Foca municipality) have great number of carious and unrestored teeth and, therefore, the implementation of primary dental healthcare system is necessary as well as looking for a solution to this problem.