Carelessness Research Articles

IMPACTS OF SPELLING PROBLEMS ON EFL STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL AT KANDAHAR UNIVERSITY, KANDAHAR, AFGHANISTAN

In English language, spelling is one of the sub-skills and components of writing. In addition, writing is from the productive skills of English language that is very essential for EFL leaners. This study investigated the causes of spelling problems and its impacts on EFL students’ writing skill. Moreover, a quantitative approach used for this study, and the instrument was questionnaire. In this study, the target population was from two faculties of Kandahar University. The data collected from one hundred and eighty-five learners, and they elected through a random sampling method. Besides, the data analyzed by using IBM 22 version of SPSS, and the results reported in the tables. The findings of this current study revealed that English language has more sounds than letters, the spelling system of English is complex and has many rules, students’ carelessness when they write a paragraph or text are the causes of spelling errors. As well, the lack of suitable manual regarding the spelling of words, and the interference of students’ native language with English language were the major reasons of spelling problems for the learners. Furthermore, the study further asserted that spelling errors made the students to spend more than the necessary time when they write and poor structure of sentences were the factors, which had negative impacts on the writing skill of the learners. Article visualizations:

"We Are Paying for Our Carelessness"

"We Are Paying for Our Carelessness"

Le politiche italiane sull’università: un serio ostacolo sulla strada della ripresa e della crescita del paese

The Italian university, after the birth of the Republic, continued for many years to be characterized by a marked centralism, despite the wide autonomy recognized by the Art. 33 of the Italian Constitution. Since the last eighties a progressively increased autonomy has been granted, initially only statutory and then also regulatory, financial, didactic and in recruiting, which provided the universities with the tools to move quickly towards the European and international competition. However, starting from the financial crisis in 2008, all the governments have chosen to dramatically change the course by starting a path of downsizing the university system, with a gradual subtraction of financial resources into the universities and a parallel limitation of autonomy. The impact of the policies adopted has been a disaster and has pushed Italy into the last positions among the European Union countries for funding at universities and last place by number of graduates in the age range of 30-34 years. In line with this approach is also framed the law of December 30, 2010, no. 240, the so-called Gelmini Law, with which a radical reversal of the system has been settled with respect to the previous autonomy policies on the university. The substantial carelessness towards the university, when not the hostility, shown by the policy and the widespread idea that its funding is not seen as an investment, but rather as an expense and a luxury that we cannot afford, leaves little hope for the future of our country and lets us imagine more and more obscure scenarios. Political choices, whether deliberately or not, are progressively leading to the dismantling of the Italian university.

STUDENTS’ ERRORS IN SOLVING MATHEMATICAL WORD PROBLEMS AND THEIR ABILITY IN IDENTIFYING ERRORS IN WRONG SOLUTIONS

Solving mathematical word problems is a difficult, complex and intellectual activity. The formation of problem solving skills is much more difficult than calculation skills because the problems are related to many concepts and a lot of mathematical relationships. Therefore, students are inevitable to commit errors to deal with them. This study shows the errors of 160 3rd grade students regarding some kinds of word problems in Mathematics 3 in Vietnam. The results indicate that children commit many errors due to many different reasons such as: subjectivity, carelessness, wrong application of the calculation rules, incorrect identification of problem kinds and wrong calculation. Article visualizations:

Retrospective of the Deaths Coding Occurred in Juvenile Violent Death in the County Bistrita-Năsăud during 2010-2014

Violent death is caused by the action of certain external traumatic factors on the organism, factors which can have mechanical, physical, chemical, biological, mental nature or caused by the activation of an inhibitor reflex. This study concerns the situation of the minors related to the above presented information. Among the multiple and severe cases presented to the medical services, there is a certain number of abused children. Maltreating can be of physical, sexual, emotional nature, or can be the result of carelessness. The analysis of the death codes for violent death in Bistrita-Nasaud county, realized by the Bistrita-Nasaud Public Health Department using the data base from the last five years (between 01.01.2010 and 31.12.2014), releases that out of the 667 cases of death by violent death, 6,3% were registered among minors. The analysis shows that masculine gender was mostly affected in a proportion of 66% of the cases. The majority proportion of deceases caused by violent death at the minors who have had a necropsy in Bistrita-Nasaud county in the last five years is due to car accidents (40%). In the other cases, the carelessness of the parents could lead to an unfavourable context in which the life of children was suppressed (drowning, carbon monoxide intoxication, mechanical asphyxia with vomit liquid and, partly, even the circulation accidents). And the direct guilt of the adults was quantified by the number of physical force (murder) aggression cases. Keywords: violent death , minors, negligence , death codes , accidents

George MacDonald: Divine Carelessness and Fairytale Levity by Daniel Gabelman (review)

George MacDonald: Divine Carelessness and Fairytale Levity by Daniel Gabelman (review)

Book review: Kathleen Lynch, Bernie Grummel and Dympna Devine New Managerialism in Education: Commercialization, Carelessness and Gender

Book review: Kathleen Lynch, Bernie Grummel and Dympna Devine New Managerialism in Education: Commercialization, Carelessness and Gender

不殺生と不注意(pramada)

不殺生と不注意(pramada)

Building Failure Causes in Nigeria and Mitigating Roles by Engineering Regulation and Monitoring

This paper assessed some of the reported cases of building failures and their possible causes in Nigeria between 1977 and 2011. The reported major failure causes are structural failure (SF), Carelessness (CLSS), poor workmanship (PW), poor supervision (PS), poor materials (PM), and quackery (Q).These causes of failure were subjected to Chi-Square statistical test at 5% significant level and 4 degree of freedom to know the most common cause of failure in Nigeria. The analysis showed quackery as the principal culprit in the reported building failures in Nigeria with prevalence of 8 over poor supervision being the minimum in occurrence. Structural failure occurred 5 times, while poor materials, carelessness and poor workmanship occurred 4, 2 and 2 respectively. The Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN) with Engineering Regulation and Monitoring (ERM) as her arm as a technical professional group discouraging quackery and failures generally in Engineering Practice. The holistic approach needs effective training of Engineers starting with strong mathematical and scientific background at the secondary and tertiary education levels in conjunction with rigorous field and Industrial training exercises. There after effective scrutiny, professional registration process of competent engineers is followed.

Building Failure Causes in Nigeria and Mitigating Roles by Engineering Regulation and Monitoring

This paper assessed some of the reported cases of building failures and their possible causes in Nigeria between 1977 and 2011. The reported major failure causes are structural failure (SF), Carelessness (CLSS), poor workmanship (PW), poor supervision (PS), poor materials (PM), and quackery (Q).These causes of failure were subjected to Chi-Square statistical test at 5% significant level and 4 degree of freedom to know the most common cause of failure in Nigeria. The analysis showed quackery as the principal culprit in the reported building failures in Nigeria with prevalence of 8 over poor supervision being the minimum in occurrence. Structural failure occurred 5 times, while poor materials, carelessness and poor workmanship occurred 4, 2 and 2 respectively. The Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN) with Engineering Regulation and Monitoring (ERM) as her arm as a technical professional group discouraging quackery and failures generally in Engineering Practice. The holistic approach needs effective training of Engineers starting with strong mathematical and scientific background at the secondary and tertiary education levels in conjunction with rigorous field and Industrial training exercises. There after effective scrutiny, professional registration process of competent engineers is followed.

Assessment Status of Immunization for Children Under 2 Years Old in Shahriar , Iran

Background: Immunization campaign is one of the most effective acts for improving community health, Yet under immunized groups, leave communities at risk for vaccine -preventable diseases. The objective of the present study is to assess status of immunization for children under 2 years old in Shahriar, Iran. Methods: This research is a cross- sectional study. Cluster sampling was used to select 210 children in the age group 18-24 month-old who were resident in Shahriar. Standard formats were used for collection of data. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-Squares, Fisher exact test, t-test, Anova, Bivariate and Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results: The results show that vaccination coverage in children was higher than 90% and the highest percent of invalid vaccination (4.3%) was related to 4.5 months old children. 17.8 percent of the children partially vaccinated and 41.4 percent were vaccinated completely but with more than one month delay. The main reason for failure to immunize was mainly carelessness on health care providers and for delayed immunization was an inter-current illness. Characteristics that are strongly associated with the completion of the entire series of childhood immunization included the following: birth weight of child and number of growth monitoring visits in the second year of life. Characteristic, which is strongly associated with the delayed immunization more than one month, was center of childhood immunization. The most commonly barriers reported by the participants were waiting too long. Conclusion: There are barriers in vaccination delivery, each of barriers including the no efficient recall and reminder system, confusing vaccination orders, perceived contraindications, waiting too long, these factors was statistically associated with immunization status. It is now the time for a boost to be given to both quality and sustainability appropriate improvements and solutions should be introduced.

A hybrid study on self-generators based on system for high-efficiency

This study incorporates a welder and a generator as needed while using the generator to be used as a welder is to configure the system. As such, in order to offer an integrated system to prevent the rapid charging process to manage the power state information, system configuration is the most important. Ideall y, the random controls the flow of charge is ideal for that. When charging is good as long as possible, less current. However, In this study, the most ideal fusion welder and generator as required by the generator or welder can be used as a system is proposed. Specifically, the damage can be caused by carelessness, so short-circuit protection, overload protection, reverse polarity protection, automatic charging system is all about, including the ability to adjust.

SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNDE HASTA GÜVENLİĞİ VE HEMŞİRELER / Patıent Safety and Nurses in Health Services

OZET Bu calismanin amaci, hasta guvenligine iliskin hastanede baslatilan calismalari izlemek, hemsirelerin bu uygulamalara iliskin geri bildirimlerini degerlendirmektir. Analitik tipte bu calismanin evrenini Izzet Baysal Bolu Devlet Hastanesi’nde 186 hemsire, orneklemini ise 104 hemsire olusturmaktadir. Arastirmanin verileri arastirmacilar tarafindan hasta guvenligine iliskin hazirlanan soru formu araciligiyla 6-15 Ekim 2008 tarihleri arasinda toplanmistir. Hemsirelerin cogunlugu 31-40 yas grubunda (%60.6), onlisans mezunu (%61.5) olup, 1-5 yil (%27.9) ve 11-15 yil (%27.9) sureyle dahiliye (%33.7) ve cerrahi kliniklerinde (%23.1) calismaktadir. Hemsireler yaptiklari tibbi hatalari; order–ilac- hatalari (%24.0), is yogunlugu nedeniyle dikkatsizlik (%12.5), hasta kimliginin kontrol edilmemesi (%9.6), iletisim eksikligi (%4.8), el hijyenine uymama (%4.8) olarak bildirmistir. Hemsirelerin %100.0’u hasta guvenligini ilgilendiren uygulamalara onemli katkilar saglayacagini ve %87.5’i hemsirelerin hatalari onleyebilecegini; %64.4’u kurumda hata olustugunda sorunun anlasilmaya calisildigini, %14.4’u ise cezalandirma/ suclama davranisi gosterildigini bildirmistir. Hastane guvenligine iliskin hastanede baslatilan calismalarin hemsirelere olumlu katki sagladigi ve bu hizmetlerde hemsirelerin onemli bir temel olusturabilecegi sonucuna varilmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hasta guvenligi, hemsire, tibbi hata ABSTRACT T he aim of this study is to monitor the workings in the hospital for patient safety and to assess feedback of the nurses regarding these new workings. The analytical part of the study contains 186 nurses from Bolu Izzet Baysal State Hospital and the sample includes 104 nurses. The data was collected in 6-15 October 2008 by a survey containing questions on patient safety by the researchers. The majority (60.6%) of the nurses were in the ages of 31-40 and 61.5% of them had associate’s degree. 27.9% of them had been working for 1-5 years, whereas 27,9% had 11-15 years of working experience, 33,7% worked in internal medicine and 23,1% of them worked in surgical clinics. The reasons for nurse mistakes were recorded as; order – medicine- mistakes (24.0%), carelessness due to work intensity (12.5%), not checking the patient ID properly (9,6%), lack of communication (4.8%), not following the hand hygiene rules (4.8%), spread of hospital infections. All the nurses stated that they would contribute immensely to the patient safety related to practices and 87.5% claimed to prevent mistakes that nurses make, 64.4% of the nurses stated that when a mistake happens in the hospital, it was investigated and tried to be understood why it occurred, and 14.4% of them reported that accusations/punishments were present in case of a mistake. It was established that the workings for hospital safety had positive effects on nurses and the nurses themselves could be an important factor regarding the patient safety services. Keywords: Patient safety, nurses, medical error

Persistent Confucion: The Circuit Split Over the Exception to Discharge for Defalcation Under 11 U.S.C. §523(a)(4)

Section 523(a)(4) of the Bankruptcy Code provides one of several exceptions to the discharge of debts that an individual debtor enjoys in bankruptcy. Specifically, that provision contains an exception to a debtor’s discharge “for . . . defalcation while acting in a fiduciary capacity . . . .” This provision regulates an area of personal bankruptcy law where the financial insolvency of the individual debtor intersects with his responsibility for some aspect of the financial dealings of the party to whom he owes a fiduciary duty. Particularly in the wake of recent corporate scandals and the current economic downturn, the ability of beneficiaries to recover from individual debtor-fiduciaries whose acts of defalcation have cause them economic loss can serve as an important remedy for and deterrent to carelessness and malfeasance. While the § 523(a)(4) exception to discharge may protect the victim of a debtor’s defalcation, it must be balanced with the countervailing purpose of the bankruptcy laws to provide an honest but unfortunate debtor with a fresh start. Part of a curt’s analysis in determining the applicability of the defalcation exception entails consideration of the level of intent with which an act of defalcation must be committed in order to qualify for the exception to discharge under § 523(a)(4). In September 2007, after reviewing what is called “persistent confusion” among its sister circuits in determining what exactly a defalcation entails, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, in the case of In re Hyman, held that the exception to discharge for defalcation “requires a showing of conscious misbehavior or extreme recklessness . . . .” The First Circuit had previously adopted this standard. This Note argues that rather than the extreme recklessness standard of defalcation adopted by the First and Second Circuits or the innocent mistake standard of the Fourth, Eight, and Ninth Circuits, the Supreme Court of the United States, if confronted with the circuit split should adopt a mens rea standard modeled on the business judgment rule common to corporate law, which reflects the consensus of the Firth, Sixth, and Seventh Circuits that more than an innocent mistake is necessary for an act of misappropriation to constitute a defalcation. This willful neglect/recklessness standard makes the most interpretive sense in light of the goals of the Bankruptcy Code in general and of the structure and logical consistency of § 523 in particular.

Wisecrackers: A theory-grounded investigation of phishing and pretext social engineering threats to information security

The collection and dissemination of information about people by businesses and governments is ubiquitous. One of the main threats to people's privacy comes from human carelessness with this informa...

Clinical Experiences in Treatment of Heat-Press Injury of Pediatric Hand by Automatic Cup-sealing Machine

Automatic cup-sealing machines (semi- and full automatic type) were used extensively among workshop and unexpected emergence is often caused by the carelessness of parents and the curiosity of children. We introduce our experiences in treating 3 cases of different depth of injury on their dorsal hand with different strategies. In our first and second cases with good prognosis, early debridement and resurfacing with either skin graft or flap could be good choice of the treatment for deep second degree to third degree burn injury. But in our third case revealed poor outcome even if late flap coverage post-burn day 14. We suggest that, for those who had deeper injury with the tendon and phalangeal bone/joint involved, early debridement and aggressive flap reconstruction was indicated for salvage. These cases were brought up not only the experiences sharing in such disease entity, but reminding us of a preventable type of contact burn in pediatric hand injury.

Electrooptical Properties of an Aligned Phase-Change Guest-Host Mode Liquid Crystal Display

Due to carelessness, a reference was missed. It should be corrected as: 7) J.-J. Wu, T.-Y. Lee, S.-H. Chen and C.-L. Kuo: Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 (1998) 3099.

Stop carelessness? No, reduce burn risk.

Stop carelessness? No, reduce burn risk.

Fraud versus carelessness

Fraud versus carelessness

Chain saw injuries.

S ince World War II the portable power saw, or chain saw, has been used intensively by loggers, pulpwood workers, and sawmillers. Because of inflation, the back-to-nature movement, and the energy crisis, the use of the chain saw by amateurs has increased. Over the past 10 years the chain saw has become,a frequently used household tool.’ Lack of knowledge about the proper use of these powerful tools and carelessness by amateurs and professionals alike account for the majority of injuries. The increase in the number of chain saw injuries seen in the emergency department demands that the health care team become knowledgeable regarding the mechanism, treatment, and prevention of this devastating injury.