Career Decision-making Self-efficacy Research Articles

Testing a social cognitive model of career self‐management with Turkish undergraduate students

AbstractThis study investigated the direct and indirect associations between social–emotional learning (SEL) skills, career decision self‐efficacy (CDSE), vocational outcome expectations (VOE), and career engagement (CE) within social cognitive career theory (SCCT) in a sample of Turkish university students. Junior and senior students (N = 460) completed the Social–Emotional Learning Scale‐Young Adult Form, the Career Decision Self‐Efficacy Scale‐Short Form, the Vocational Outcome Expectations Scale, the Career Engagement Scale, and the Demographic Information Form. Data was collected during COVID‐19 lockdowns in 2021. The results of a multiple serial mediation model indicated that higher SEL skills were related to higher CDSE and VOE, and, in turn, to CE. Overall, the results show that SCCT provides a promising framework for identifying predictors of CE, self‐directed career management behavior, in young adults during the transition from school to work. These findings have implications for theory, research, and practice by identifying potential influences on CE during COVID‐19.

코로나19 유행 동안 간호대학생의 진로결정 자기효능감, 전공만족도가 직업가치관에 미치는 영향

This study is a descriptive survey research aims to the effects of nursing college students' career decision-making self-efficacy and major satisfaction on their occupational value during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 170 juniors and seniors from five nursing college located in D and K regions. Data were collected from September 10 to November 11, 2022. The collected data were analyzed using frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression with the IBM SPSS 21.0 program. The results of the study showed that major satisfaction was a significant variable in explaining occupational value, with an explanatory power of 22.1%(F=8.98, p<.001). Therefore, it is necessary to encourage participation in mentoring, career exploration and nursing profession awareness improvement programs for nursing college students, in order to enhance their occupational value by increasing their major satisfaction.

전문대생의 진로적응성 유형 잠재프로파일 분석과 예측변인의 영향 검증

This study aimed to classify the career adaptability profiles of junior college students and examine the predictor variables that significantly affect the type classification of career adaptability. Data for this study were collected from 282 students enrolled in Junior College B in Chungcheongnam-do. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, latent profile analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and multinomial logistic regression. Follwing are the results of this study. First, the types of career adaptability of junior college students were divided into five groups: Adaptability moderate-low group, adaptability high group, adaptability moderate group, adaptability low group, and adaptability moderate-high group. Second, there were significant differences in the subvariables of planned happenstance skills, career decision self-efficacy, and occupational engagement among the junior college students’ career adaptability types. Third, planned happenstance skills, career decision self-efficacy, and occupational engagement influenced junior college students’ career adaptability classification. Additionally, several discussions and implications are presented.

대학생의 계획된 우연기술과 기본심리욕구 진로관여행동과, 진로결정자기효능감의 구조적 관계

Objectives The purpose of this study is to select variables that affect university students' career decision-making self-efficacy and to confirm the structural relationship among them.
 Methods A related survey was conducted on 302 university students located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The collected data were subjected to correlation analysis, normality verification, structural model analysis, path analysis, and bootstrapping using SPSS21 and AMOS21 programs.
 Results First, there was a significant positive correlation between the variables of college students' Planned Happenstance Skills, Basic Psychological Needs, Occupational Engagement, and Career Decision Self-efficacy. Second, it was found that Basic Psychological Needs and Occupational Engagement completely mediated the relationship between college students' Planned Happenstance Skills and Career Decision Self-efficacy.
 Conclusions It was confirmed that it was possible to satisfy Basic Psychological Needs and increase Occupational Engagement through the reinforcement of Planned Happenstance Skills for university students in the period of career decision, which has a positive effect on self-efficacy in career decision-making.

Effect of Social Support on Career Decision-Making Difficulties: The Chain Mediating Roles of Psychological Capital and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy.

This present study explores the effect of social support on career decision-making difficulties, with the chain mediation of psychological capital and career decision-making self-efficacy. A total of 770 college students were recruited to complete the survey, which included a social support, career decision-making self-efficacy, psychological capital scale, and career decision-making difficulties scales. Significant correlations were found between social support, career decision-making difficulties, psychological capital, and career decision making self-efficacy. Path analysis indicated that the direct effect of social support on career decision-making difficulty was non-significant; social support affected career decision-making difficulties indirectly through not only the mediating effect of psychological capital but also through the chain mediation of psychological capital and career decision-making self-efficacy. Overall, the results show that social support could exert an effect on career decision-making difficulties through the mediational chains of career decision-making self-efficacy and psychological capital; the implications of this are discussed.

A Convergent Study on The Impact of a Calligraphy Extracurricular Program on Nursing Students’ Career Decision Making Self-Efficacy and Self-Leadership

This study was a single-group pre-post survey carried out to analyze the effects of a calligraphy extracurricular program on nursing students' career decision making self-efficacy (CDMSE) and self-leadership. The subjects of this study were 230 second-year nursing students. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 25.0 program for descriptive statistics, paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. After the calligraphy extracurricular program, CDMSE (t=7.20, p<.001) and self-leadership (t=6.80, p<.001) both advanced, and there was a significant difference in all detailed item. As a result of analyzing CDMSE and self-leadership, it was found that there was a strong correlation both before (r=.81, p<.001) and after (r=.85, p<.001) the program. As a result of this study, the effectiveness of the calligraphy extracurricular program was verified, and it is believed that the desire for aesthetic experience can be satisfied. University education should continue to provide students with a variety of opportunities to improve their capabilities in various ways by organizing a variety of helpful extracurricular programs. 

대학생의 진로결정자기효능감과 진로적응성의 관계에서 긍정심리자본의 다중병렬매개효과

The main purpose of this study is to identify contents that should be considered in designing career education plans to improve the career adaptability of university students who are preparing to transition into the workforce in an era of high uncertainty. For this purpose, 463 university students were surveyed to determine whether there are differences in career adaptability according to gender, grade, major, and university location, and the process macro model 4 was used to test the multiple parallel mediation effects of the components of positive psychological capital on the relationship between career decision self-efficacy and career adaptability. As a result, first, career adaptability showed significant mean differences by grade, major, and university location, and no differences by gender. Second, when analyzing the multiple parallel mediation effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between career decision self-efficacy and career adaptability of university students, only optimism and hope were found to have a significant mediating effect, while self-efficacy and resilience were not significant among the components of positive psychological capital. Based on these results, it is suggested that when designing career education for university students, the importance of optimism and hope among positive psychological capital should be taken into account to improve career adaptability among senior students who are close to employment and local universities.

코로나19 상황에서 치위생(학)과 학생의 진로결정수준에 미치는 영향

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between professor-student interaction, career self-efficacy, and career decision level of dental hygiene students in the COVID-19 situation and to determine the impact on career decision level. Methods: The participants in the study were distributed to students at the Department of Dental Hygiene in Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do. People with clinical practice experience filled out a self-administered questionnaire, and the final analysis subjects were 181 people. Results: In the COVID-19 situation, factors affecting the career decision level of dental hygiene students were major satisfaction, professor-student interaction, and career decision self-efficacy. Conclusions: In the COVID-19 situation, the most influential factor on the career decision level of dental hygiene students was career decision self-efficacy. Therefore, in order to improve the career decision level of dental hygiene students, it was found that it was necessary to develop and apply a customized career guidance program for students in addition to strengthening career decision self-efficacy.

Guiding the Path: Exploring the Contribution of Career-Specific Parenting Practices on Career Decision Self-Efficacy among Vocational High School Students

Guiding the Path: Exploring the Contribution of Career-Specific Parenting Practices on Career Decision Self-Efficacy among Vocational High School Students

Vicarious learning and graduates' adaptive career behaviours: the case of graduates on clinical internships

PurposeThe effect of vicarious learning during clinical or medical internships on graduates' adaptive career behaviours has attracted scant attention from healthcare researchers, particularly, in the developing world context. Drawing upon the social cognitive career theory model of career self-management (SCCT-CSM), the current study examines how vicarious learning influences the clinical graduates' adaptive career behaviours (i.e. career exploration and decision-making) via career exploration and decision-making self-efficacy (CEDSE) and career intention.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 293 nursing graduates undertaking clinical internships in 25 hospitals across Nigeria who willingly participated in this study as they were also assured of confidentiality at two-waves. The proposed hypotheses were tested using a path analysis.FindingsThe findings showed that vicarious learning during clinical internship had a direct effect on career exploration, decision-making and career decision self-efficacy among graduate trainees. Also, the findings revealed that the effects of vicarious learning on the graduates' career exploration and career decision-making were significantly mediated by career decision self-efficacy and career intentions.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study have important practical implications for higher education institutions and industries that send and receive clinical graduates for clinical internships to gain more skills. More emphasis should be on encouraging learners to learn vicariously in addition to other forms of learning experiences available during clinical internships.Originality/valueThe study explains that the graduates' higher engagement in clinical career exploration and decision-making was based on a higher level of vicarious learning during internships. The results suggest that higher education institutions and healthcare service providers can derive greater benefits from more emphasis on promoting vicarious learning during clinical internships.

The Role of Career Exploration Behavior as A Mediator in The Relationship Between Social Support and Career Decision Self-Efficacy Among High School Students

The Role of Career Exploration Behavior as A Mediator in The Relationship Between Social Support and Career Decision Self-Efficacy Among High School Students

The impact of final-year clinical placements on nursing students' career planning for the graduate year and beyond

AimsThis study had three objectives: 1) to determine final-year nursing students' career preferences and long-term career plans; 2) to investigate factors influencing nursing students' specialty choices following their final-year clinical placement(s); and 3) to understand how final-year clinical placements can be used to develop the career interests of nursing students to different nursing specialties. BackgroundClinical placement provides an insightful experience that may influence students to feel inclined to work in certain specialties. Therefore, each clinical placement should promote students' learning and enhance positive experiences that could develop their career interests and encourage them to seek employment in the specialty on graduation. DesignA cross-sectional online survey. MethodsThe survey was structured using the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form. The questionnaire was distributed to final-year nursing students (N = 222) at two public universities in Western Australia. This study specifically reports on the Goal selection and Planning domains of the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form, which were explored through additional questions prompting participants to explain their career preferences and reasons for their nursing specialty choices. ResultsMost participants, fifty-three percent, had low confidence in making career decisions. The Goal Selection and Planning questions measured the students' confidence in choosing a suitable practice destination and preparing for their professional careers. Overall, participants prefer employment in hospital settings both in the short- and long-term aspects of their nursing career. The factors influencing the students' career decisions were classified into three main categories: the clinical environment, educational factors and individual factors. ConclusionsThe nursing curriculum may encourage nursing students to work in some specialties over others. This study provides insight into factors that may promote or inhibit students' career choices and how students may be motivated to pursue the less preferred nursing specialties.

중등예비교원의 현실충격과 진로 낙관성의 관계에서 진로결정 자기효능감의 매개효과

Objectives This study evaluated the mediating effect of career decision-making self-efficacy on the relationship between reality shock stress and career optimism, which is essential in the pre-secondary teacher educational practicum, offering implications for secondary school teachers' adaptation to teaching life.
 Methods The research questions centered on the effect of reality shock on career optimism and the effect of career decision-making self-efficacy on career optimism, the path model through career decision-making self-efficacy for each sub-factor of reality shock to career optimism, and the mediating effect of career decision-making self-efficacy on the relationship between career optimism for each sub-factor of reality shock. Self-efficacy of career decision-making, reality shock, and career optimism were measured for 147 students attending the College of Education who had experienced educational practice and those who participated in the teaching course, and the mediating effect was verified using SPSS Process Macro 3.4.
 Results First, it was found that a lower perception of negative reality shock in the educational practice field was associated with higher career optimism, and higher self-efficacy of career decision-making was associated with higher career optimism. Second, analysis of the path model by dividing reality shock into the sub-factors of lack of support, reality disappointment, work pressure, and confidence found all factors except work pressure were significant. Third, the indirect effect of reality shock on career optimism through career decision-making self-efficacy was significant, excluding work pressure factors, and the mediating effect of career decision-making self-efficacy was verified.
 Conclusions As career optimism is important for pre-secondary teachers to enter the teaching profession and effectively cope with actual shock and stress, the finding of career decision-making self-efficacy as a mediating variable has significant implications for helping pre-service teachers adapt to the teaching field.

The Influence of Parental Child-Rearing Attitudes on Occupational Value of University Students: The Mediating Effects of Ego-Identity and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy

The Influence of Parental Child-Rearing Attitudes on Occupational Value of University Students: The Mediating Effects of Ego-Identity and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy

The Impact of Nursing Students’ Characteristics on Sustaining Career Decision-making Self-efficacy, Career Decision Level and Career Resilience: A Longitudinal Study

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify nursing students’ characteristic factors sustaining career decision-making self-efficacy, career decision level and career resilience over time.Methods: A longitudinal survey with the four-phase study design was conducted using self-reported questionnaires among 77 second-year students enrolled in BSN (Bachelor of Science in Nursing) program at a college in Daegu Metropolitan City. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, McNemar test, repeated measures ANOVA and linear mixed model.Results: The impact of subjects’ higher level of career decision-making self-efficacy, career decision level and career resilience in BSN 2nd year was continued until the end of BSN 4th year and 3 to 5 years post-graduation. The influence of career decision-making self-efficacy at a higher level carried on regarding higher satisfaction both in major and college life and the ICPP (individual career plan program) score of 70 or greater, career decision level underwent relating to higher satisfaction in major, and career resilience sustained concerning higher satisfaction both in major and college life and the ICPP score of 70 or greater in BSN 2nd year.Conclusions: Personal factors sustaining career decision-making self-efficacy, career decision level and career resilience over time were the successful experience regarding satisfaction of nursing major and college life, and the ICPP score in pre-clinical BSN year. The continuing career planning and development program of early-career nurses may be provided before entering 3 years nursing career to ensure sustainable career resilience and related variables.

Personality traits, glass ceiling beliefs and their impact on the career decision-making self-efficacy of women advocates

The career decision-making self-efficacy of women advocates has been studied and examined in this research. An attempt has been made to identify how the two independent variables, personality traits and Glass ceiling beliefs, influence the career decision-making self-efficacy of women (advocates). The primary respondents were advocates and law practitioners from India. Primary data were collected using the “survey” technique. Standard instruments were used to measure the variables, and data were collected from 417 advocates across India. Glass ceiling beliefs were measured using four constructs: denial, resignation, resilience and acceptance. Similarly, personality traits were measured using five constructs: emotional stability, extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience. The study also examined how the demographic factors age and years of work experience moderated the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The statistical data were analyzed via structured equation modeling with the help of the software AMOS. The moderating effects were examined using Hayes process-macro in SPSS software. The findings of the analysis revealed that there was a strong and significant association between the independent variables (personality traits and glass ceiling beliefs) and the dependent variable (career decision-making self-efficacy). The moderating factor age does not impact the relationship between the variables, but work experience does. Thus, the research concludes that the career decision self-efficacy of female law professionals is directly impacted by their personal traits and beliefs about the glass ceiling.

Educational Choice and the Willingness to Apply of Higher Vocational Students in Guangdong Province, China: The Mediating Role of Career Decision-making Self-efficacy

This study explores the influence of educational choice on the willingness to apply and career decision-making self-efficacy. A questionnaire was conducted on 1,391 freshmen from six higher vocational colleges in Guangdong Province, China, using educational choice, career decision-making self-efficacy and the willingness to apply scales. The results showed that career decision-making self-efficacy has a mediating role in the significant positive effect of educational choice on the willingness to apply. Therefore, Chinese educational institutions and policy makers should cultivate vocational students' career decision-making self-efficacy to improve the confidence and ability in career decision-making, and better understand professional career field.

Effects of Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy, Career Outcome Expectation, and Career Consciousness Maturity on Career Preparation Behavior of Nursing Students

Although career preparation is an important factor in making correct career decisions and increasing job satisfaction, nursing students lack consideration and preparation for their career path when choosing a major. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among career decision-making self-efficacy, career outcome expectation, and career consciousness maturity on the behavior of nursing students in preparing for their careers. We collected data using structured questionnaires from 95 nursing students in C city from June 1 to June 20, 2018. We analyzed the data using the IBM SPSS/WIN 23.0 program for descriptive statistics, independent t test, oneway ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. As a result, the factors influencing the career preparation behavior of nursing students were career decision self-efficacy (β = .35, p < .001) and career consciousness maturity (β = .30, p = .003), and the explanatory power of these variables was 37%. Based on these results, it was required to develop programs to strengthen career decision-making self-efficacy and career consciousness maturity. In order to improve career decision-making self-efficacy, a program should be developed to improve confidence in solving problems by providing career opportunities. In addition, in order to strengthen career consciousness maturity, a career road map for each grade should be constructed, as well as systematic career counseling and employment capacity enhancement programs.

Associations of Career Decision-Making Strategies With Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy and Difficulties Among French-Speaking Swiss Adolescents and Young Adults

Individuals differ in the strategies, self-efficacy beliefs, and difficulties that characterize their career decision-making process. Although some strategies are deemed adaptive, the differential links of career decision-making strategies to self-efficacy and difficulties, in general and in various cultural contexts, remain unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the associations of 12 career decision-making strategies with self-efficacy and difficulties among 414 adolescents and young adults in the cultural context of the French-speaking part of Switzerland. In doing so, we also sought to develop a French version of the Career Decision-Making Profiles questionnaire (CDMP-F) for assessing career decision-making strategies. Results confirmed the fit of the hypothesized 12-factor model underlying the CDMP-F and the adaptability assumption for six of 12 strategies: information gathering, locus of control, procrastination, speed of making the final decision, dependence on others, and desire to please others. Moreover, differentiated associations were uncovered: high procrastination and external locus of control were linked to lack of motivation; slow speed of making the final decision was linked to general indecisiveness; and high desire to please others was linked to external conflicts. Supporting the structural and construct validity of the CDMP-F and identifying differential associations, implications for research and practice are discussed.

A Culturally Responsive Career Development Group for Minoritized Girls of Color

Career development plays a crucial role in the overall growth of K–12 students. However, it often lacks an intersectional approach to address students’ diverse needs. Consequently, there is a need for a comprehensive approach that recognizes students’ distinct requirements and offers practical solutions. This conceptual article addresses the unique strengths and challenges minoritized girls of color face in their career development. Given these challenges and others, we propose a group counseling experience that builds on the strengths of minoritized girls of color and fosters culturally responsive career development, including career decision-making self-efficacy.