Cardioprotective Diet Research Articles

Effects of mixed nuts as part of a Brazilian Cardioprotective diet on LDL-cholesterol in adult patients after myocardial infarction: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial

BackgroundNuts consumption is related to cardioprotective effects on primary cardiovascular prevention, but studies conducted in secondary prevention are small, scarce and controversial. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of a regional and sustainable cardioprotective diet added or not with an affordable mixed nuts on cardiometabolic features in patients with previous myocardial infarction.MethodsDICA-NUTS study is a national, multi-center, and superiority-parallel randomized clinical trial. Males and females over 40 years old diagnosed with previous myocardial infarction in the last 2 to 6 months were included. Patients were allocated into two groups: the Brazilian Cardioprotective diet (DICA Br) supplemented with 30 g/day of mixed nuts (10 g of peanuts; 10 g of cashew; 10 g of Brazil nuts) (intervention group, n = 193); or only DICA Br prescription (control group, n = 195). The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol means (in mg/dL) after 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes were other lipid biomarkers, glycemic and anthropometric data and diet quality.ResultsAfter adjustment for baseline values, participating study site, time since myocardial infarction and statin treatment regimen (high potency, moderate and low potency/no statins), no significant difference was found between the groups in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (intervention-control difference: 3.48 mg/dL [-3.45 to 10.41], P = 0.32). Both groups improved their overall diet quality at the end of the study without differences between them after 16 weeks (intervention-control difference: 1.05 (-0.9 to 2.99); P = 0.29). Other lipids, glycemic profile and anthropometrics were also not different between study groups at the end of the study.ConclusionAdding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to the DICA Br for 16 weeks did not change lipid, glycemic and anthropometric features in the post-myocardial infarction setting.Trial registrationThis study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov website under number NCT03728127 and its World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN) is U1111-1259–8105.

Dietary Adequacy of Individuals with Cardiovascular Disease According to Clinical Guidelines in the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE).

Achieving nutritional goals established by scientific societies is a constant challenge and not always achieved. To investigate the dietary adequacy of individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD), participants in the Cardioprotective Brazilian Food Program residing in the Northeast region of Brazil, according to the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC). Cross-sectional analysis with data from the study implementing the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet (DICA BR), which evaluated individuals with CVD treated in specialized cardiovascular health centers in eight states in the Northeast region. Food consumption was obtained by 24-hour dietary records and dietary adequacy followed SBC recommendations. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. 647 patients were studied, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 63.1 (9.4) years, 50.2% of whom were female. When evaluating food intake, a low adequacy of carbohydrates (52.3%), proteins (70.9%), lipids (38.8%), and fiber (22.4%) was observed. It was observed that the majority of women consumed a low-protein diet (59.2%) and the elderly had a greater inadequacy in carbohydrate consumption (52.6%). Regarding sodium intake, men had a higher intake (72.9%), while the elderly showed a 13% reduction. Furthermore, it was shown that men ate more fiber (28.1%) and individuals with higher education had a high consumption of saturated fatty acids (70.5%). Most individuals did not achieve the recommended dietary therapy goals for secondary cardiovascular prevention. The findings of the present study reinforce the need to implement structured strategies to encourage healthy eating habits in these individuals.

Cardioprotective Diet to Prevent Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Randomized Open-Label Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Several studies have indicated that dietary interventions may offer protection against the development of cardiac damage in the case of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AIC). The goal of this study was to assess whether an evidence-based cardioprotective diet can be effective in preventing AIC in patients with breast cancer. Design: Randomized, open-label, controlled trial. The study period was set for 18 weeks, and the data were analyzed by generalized estimating equation modeling and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Setting/Location: Shahid Rajaie Hospital affiliated (Tehran, Iran). Subjects: Fifty anthracycline-treated patients with breast cancer. Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive either a 2-hour training in evidence-based cardio-protective diet or Carvedilol 6.25 mg bid. Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was the number of patients with abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after 18 weeks. Results: At week 18, 12 (48%) out of 25 participants in the cardioprotective diet group had abnormal LVEF in comparison with 21 (84%) out of 25 in the carvedilol group (p = 0.007). Also, 2 (8%) out of 25 in the cardioprotective diet group compared with 7 (28%) out of 25 participants in the carvedilol group had abnormal global longitudinal strain (p = 0.066). The diet group showed significant improvements in the quality-of-life dimensions named "health change" and "general health" compared with the carvedilol group using the Short Form-36 Health Survey questionnaire. Conclusions: This study suggests that an evidence-based cardioprotective diet can contribute to the prevention of AIC. Although current treatments for AIC can be effective, further research is mandatory for more options.

Dietary habits among 177,091 Greek schoolchildren by age, sex, weight status, region, and living area. A cross-sectional study

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the dietary habits from early childhood to adolescence among participants from all regions of the country and living areas (rural/urban) and assess potential associations between dietary habits and obesity in both sexes. MethodsPopulation data were derived from a cross-sectional health survey on a representative sample of 177,091 children aged 6–18 years. Dietary habits were considered via a self-completed questionnaire (Mediterranean diet quality index for children and adolescents [KIDMED]). Trained investigators assessed the anthropometric data. ResultsKIDMED scores were 6.7 ± 2.4 and 6.8 ± 2.3 for boys and girls, respectively, whereas a percentage of almost 10% of the total study population had insufficient dietary habits. Dietary habits peaked around age 11 years and then gradually worsened until the end of adolescence in both sexes, with an annual trend equal to −0.28 ± 0.02 (p < 0.001) for boys and −0.31 ± 0.03 (p < 0.001) for girls. Schoolchildren who are overweight/obese presented higher percentages in all unhealthy dietary habits (e.g., skipping breakfast, going often to a fast food restaurant, and consuming a lot of sweets) than children with a normal weight (all p-values < 0.001). Dietary habits did not noteworthy differ by area of living, that is, urban versus rural, of participants in both sexes. In addition, no noticeable differences in the values of the KIDMED index were found among all regions of Greece, with the highest values in Attica and Crete in both sexes. ConclusionsBecause Greek schoolchildren do not fully adopt the traditional cardio-protective Mediterranean diet, it could be helpful to provide certain recommendations, especially for adolescents, to decrease the risk for future adverse health consequences.

Cardiovascular Disease and the Mediterranean Diet: Insights into Sex-Specific Responses.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality and disease burden in women globally. A healthy diet is important for the prevention of CVD. Research has consistently favoured the Mediterranean diet as a cardio-protective diet. Several studies have evaluated associations between the Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular outcomes, including traditional risk factors like hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity. In addition, consistent evidence suggests that the components of the Mediterranean diet have a synergistic effect on cardiovascular risk due to its anti-inflammatory profile and microbiome effects. While the benefits of the Mediterranean diet are well-established, health advice and dietary guidelines have been built on largely male-dominant studies. Few studies have investigated the beneficial associations of the Mediterranean diet in sex-specific populations, including those with non-traditional risk factors that are specific to women, for instance polycystic ovarian syndrome and high-risk pregnancies, or more prevalent in women, such as chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding the Mediterranean diet in women in relation to cardiovascular health outcomes.

An adapted cardioprotective diet with or without phytosterol and/or krill oil supplement in familial hypercholesterolemia: A pilot study protocol

An adapted cardioprotective diet with or without phytosterol and/or krill oil supplement in familial hypercholesterolemia: A pilot study protocol

Cardio Protective Approach of Unani Dietotherapy with Special Reference to Avicenna’s Risaala Adwiyah Al Qalbiyah

Background and Objective: The present paper will enlighten the role of different types of diets in maintaining a healthy heart, as mentioned by Ibn Sina in his valuable work “Risaala adwiyah al Qalbiyah”. Owing to an increased trend of dietotherapy in the current era, this paper is an attempt to enhance the same (particularly the cardio-protective diets). Methodology: Risaala adwiyah al Qalbiyah is an important work of Ibn Sina focusing on the maintenance of heart health. For the current study, we have selected a total of thirteen nutraceuticals out of sixty-three that can be taken in the routine diet to avail of their benefits and avoid the risk of cardiovascular diseases, which are at their peak at present. To meet this need, a thorough literature survey of classical literature was conducted to collect all the necessary and relevant information. These medicines/diets were looked upon for their proven benefits by searching them with their botanical names using modern search engines like PubMed, Google Scholar and Research Gate to provide an evidence-based edge to the current work. Results: The specific diets mentioned by Ibn Sina have proved to possess potential effects in preventing cardiovascular diseases and thus promoting cardiac health. Conclusion: Dietotherapy plays a primary role in achieving the principal goal of the Unani system of medicine (the preservation of health and prevention of diseases). Food items mentioned in this paper can be added to the routine to get the benefits from their cardio-protective action and avoid the risk of highly increasing cardiovascular diseases.

Adequação Alimentar de Indivíduos com Doença Cardiovascular Conforme Diretrizes Clínicas no Programa Alimentar Brasileiro Cardioprotetor

Abstract Background Achieving nutritional goals established by scientific societies is a constant challenge and not always achieved. Objective To investigate the dietary adequacy of individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD), participants in the Cardioprotective Brazilian Food Program residing in the Northeast region of Brazil, according to the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC). Methods Cross-sectional analysis with data from the study implementing the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet (DICA BR), which evaluated individuals with CVD treated in specialized cardiovascular health centers in eight states in the Northeast region. Food consumption was obtained by 24-hour dietary records and dietary adequacy followed SBC recommendations. Values of p &lt; 0.05 were considered significant. Results 647 patients were studied, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 63.1 (9.4) years, 50.2% of whom were female. When evaluating food intake, a low adequacy of carbohydrates (52.3%), proteins (70.9%), lipids (38.8%), and fiber (22.4%) was observed. It was observed that the majority of women consumed a low-protein diet (59.2%) and the elderly had a greater inadequacy in carbohydrate consumption (52.6%). Regarding sodium intake, men had a higher intake (72.9%), while the elderly showed a 13% reduction. Furthermore, it was shown that men ate more fiber (28.1%) and individuals with higher education had a high consumption of saturated fatty acids (70.5%). Conclusions Most individuals did not achieve the recommended dietary therapy goals for secondary cardiovascular prevention. The findings of the present study reinforce the need to implement structured strategies to encourage healthy eating habits in these individuals.

Higher Adherence to Cardioprotective Diet is Associated with Reduced Risk of Enterotomy and All-Cause Mortality among 5549 Individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Prospective Cohort Study

BackgroundThe cardioprotective diet has been previously reported to be inversely associated with the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but whether it is beneficial to improve adverse outcomes in IBD remains unknown. ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate whether the cardioprotective diet is associated with enterotomy and all-cause mortality among individuals with IBD. MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 5549 participants with IBD from the UK Biobank. Cardioprotective diet scores (range 0–7) were calculated based on the consumption of 7 common food groups collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Outcomes of interest were enterotomy and all-cause mortality, ascertained via inpatient data and death registry, respectively. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). ResultsDuring an average follow-up duration of 12.0 y, we documented 506 enterotomy and 566 death events. Compared with participants with the lowest adherence to the cardioprotective diet (score of 0–2), participants with the highest adherence to the cardioprotective diet (score of 5–7) were observed to have a lower risk of enterotomy (HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.76; P < 0.001; P-trend < 0.001) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.98; P = 0.031; P-trend = 0.025). ConclusionsA greater adherence to the cardioprotective diet is associated with a lower risk of enterotomy and all-cause mortality among individuals with IBD.

Abstract MP63: Higher Alternative Healthy Eating Index Scores Including Greater EPA and DHA Consumption Are Associated With Attenuated Platelet Function in the Framingham Heart Study

Introduction: Dietary modification that reflects healthy eating is a notable strategy for CVD prevention on a population level. The cardioprotective role diet plays in hemostasis and thrombosis, particularly in respect to platelet function remains unclear. Hypothesis: Healthier Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores associate with attenuated platelet reactivity in a large-scale population cohort. Methods: Cross-sectional data was obtained from Framingham Heart Study participants (N=3,429). AHEI scores were derived from self-reported Harvard semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Ranging from 0 to 110, higher AHEI scores reflect healthier overall diet quality. Five bioassays measured platelet reactivity traits across several agonists in whole blood and platelet-rich plasma samples. Linear mixed effects models adjusted for age, sex, aspirin use, family relatedness, daily energy intake, and BMI evaluated associations between platelet reactivity and AHEI scores and components. Results: Higher AHEI scores associated with attenuated platelet reactivity among 16 different traits (P&lt;0.01), with notable decreased platelet aggregation to collagen, TRAP6 (PAR1 agonist), ADP, and ristocetin. Of the 11 AHEI components, higher EPA &amp; DHA intake was most strongly associated to decreased platelet function with the greatest number of significant associations to platelet traits (18 traits, P&lt;0.01) and moderate negative effect sizes (Figure 1). Conclusions: We report that higher AHEI scores associate with decreased platelet reactivity. Effects appear strongest for EPA &amp; DHA intake consistent with several small randomized controlled trials. However, we found that a holistic AHEI score reflects a better interpretation of diet as a modulator of platelet function compared to individual components. Our results conclude that the impact of a healthier diet in preventing thrombosis may be partially mediated through a decline in platelet reactivity through multiple independent activation pathways.

Cardioprotective Diet: A Possibility of Diet Therapy Treatment

The Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet is a diet for patients with heart disease, but it provides health benefits when used as an adjuvant in the prevention and treatment of diseases that have food as one of the factors for their development. It was developed by Hcor in partnership with the Ministry of Health in 2018. It classifies and recommends the consumption of foods by groups: green, yellow, and blue, using the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population as a referência. The objective of this study was, through a literature review, to find scientific data on the cardioprotective diet. This diet indicates the inclusion or exclusion of food from the values of food density (kcal, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium).Studies have pointed out that the excessive intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with practicality of eating, afforda prices, and easy availability of products, and therefore these foods have become cheaper compared to fresh, minimally processed foods, and the ultra-processed foods are the main responsible for the increase in non-transmissible chronic diseases. The cardioprotective diet shows the significant effect on the modulation of inflammatory response, through the intake of several nutrients and bioactive compounds from food, which act by activating the signaling pathways involved in the synthesis of inflammatory biomarkers. Therefore, although there are few published studies on cardioprotective food and being it effective in the secondary treatment of chronic noncommunicable diseases, it is necessary to conduct research among nutritionists to know the difficulties of assistance within the Public Health System.

Greater Adherence to Cardioprotective Diet Can Reduce Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: The cardioprotective diet was reported to be associated with several chronic cardiometabolic diseases through an anti-inflammation effect. However, the association between the cardioprotective diet and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was unclear and deserved to be further explored. Methods: We calculated the cardioprotective diet score based on the consumptions of seven common food groups using the validated food frequency questionnaire data in the UK Biobank. Incident IBD was ascertained from primary care data, inpatient data, and the death registry. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between the cardioprotective diet score and the risk of IBD. Results: During a mean follow-up of 12.1 years, we documented 2717 incident IBD cases, including 851 cases of Crohn’s disease and 1866 cases of ulcerative colitis. Compared to participants with a cardioprotective diet score of 0–1, we observed a decreased risk of IBD among participants with cardioprotective diet scores of 3 (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73–0.99), 4 (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.72–0.98), and 5–7 (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.66–0.89) (p-trend < 0.001). Conclusions: A greater adherence to the cardioprotective diet was associated with a lower risk of IBD. Our finding highlighted the importance of focusing on the cardioprotective diet to prevent IBD.

Nutritional approach in paediatric patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia

Background and Aims : Cardio-protective diet and promotion of healthy lifestyle habits are worldwide recognised as first-step treatments of Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH), yet their impact on lipid profile is still poorly studied in paediatric patients. The aim of this retrospective, observational study on good clinical practice is to investigate the effect of nutritional and lifestyle intervention on plasma lipid profile and dietary habits in FH children at the first step of treatment.

BALANCE Dietary Index in Patients with Heart Failure, and Its Adherence in Sergipe, Brazil.

Background: “The effective treatment of Heart Failure (HF) involves care with food intake. Recently, the Ministry of Health created the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet and its dietary index, BALANCE, which assesses adherence to the standard’s recommendations”. Methods: This observational prospective study is part of the Congestive Heart Failure Registry (VICTIM-CHF) of Aracaju/SE. Observations and data collection took place from April 2018 to February 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical aspects and food consumption were evaluated. Food intake was determined using the food frequency questionnaire. Foods were categorized using the BALANCE dietary index into green, yellow, blue and red food groups. The BALANCE dietary index was obtained using median and interquartile ranges, scores of the Mann–Whitney U test, and associations between clinical variables and the index, through linear regression. Results: Participants included 240 patients with HF (61.12 ± 1.06 years), who were assisted by the Unified Health System (67.5%). Individuals with a partner showed greater adherence to the green food group recommendations (0.09; 0.00–0.17). The lowest adherence to recommendations regarding the blue food group was observed in individuals with excess weight, who had a higher consumption of foods rich in animal protein (0.54; 0.38–0.78). As for the red food group (ultra-processed foods) the highest adherence was observed by patients with diabetes mellitus (0.41; 0.05–0.77). The greatest adherence to the yellow food group, and a higher score, was observed in patients with the smallest left ventricular systolic diameter (LVSD). Conclusions: Being married was directly associated with the consumption of foods in the green group, while being overweight and having diabetes were inversely associated with adherence to the blue and red food groups, respectively. Greater adherence to the yellow food group recommendations was inversely associated with less change in the DSFVE.

Weight gain in caregivers during night work

Night work is common in hospitals. Weight gain with its metabolic complications is one of its well known effects. Thepresented study reports that night shift workers have an average weight gain of 5kg compared to day shift workers. They also have an insufficient cardioprotective diet. Occupational health nurses have an important role to play in identifying this warning indicator and developing primary prevention actions.

Nutrition Intervention in Cardiac Rehabilitation: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND STRATEGIES FOR THE FUTURE.

Despite guideline consensus that quality of nutrition affects most modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors, the implementation of dietary interventions varies considerably in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current existing literature and provide recommendations on best practices for nutrition interventions and future research that support secondary prevention outcomes. The review examines original investigations, systematic reviews, and guidelines regarding nutrition intervention in CR. Nutrition intervention in CR plays an integral role in the success of patients; however, the literature is limited and standardization of practice is in its infancy. The role of a qualified registered dietician nutritionist, standardization of dietary assessments, individualized and intensive nutrition interventions, and application of specific behavior change techniques are central components in improving diet in CR. This review provides an overview of the evidence-based cardioprotective diets, nutritional interventions and behavioral strategies in CR, and explores areas for best practices and opportunities for innovation in the delivery of nutrition intervention in CR.

Cardioprotective diet in Siberian residents: the PURE study

Abstract Introduction Nutrition plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular pathology. An appropriate diet helps to prevent the development of arterial hypertension (AH), hypercholesterolemia, obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM). Aim To identify dietary patterns and investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in healthy population of Siberia. Materials and methods 1,600 people (age 35–70) were examined for the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiologic Study (PURE). Re-examination was carried out after 35.6±2.9 months. Subjects without chronic diseases, with normal blood pressure, lipid and glucose levels, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were selected for the analysis. They accounted for 5.2% of the total number of the responders. Dietary habits were assessed using principal component analysis. Results Three types of dietary patterns have been identified by factor analysis. The first type incorporates the consumption of vegetables, fruits throughout the year (“fruit/vegetable”). The second type includes the consumption of fatty meat, complex carbohydrates and sweets (“protein/carbohydrate”). The third type is comprised of persons who did not belong to any of the previous two types (“mixed”). Most of the responders adhered to the protein/carbohydrate type (42.2%), whereas the fruit/vegetable and mixed types accounted for 28.9% each. Results of the second examination showed that in subjects following the fruit/vegetable diet-37.5% did not have any risk factors, 4.2% developed hypercholesterolemia, 4.2%-hypertriglyceridemia and general obesity, 12.5%-higher levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and 16.7% had abdominal obesity. In protein/carbohydrate diet-71.4% of the responders remained healthy, 8.6% developed hypercholesterolemia, 2.8%-AH and 2.8%-abdominal obesity, 14.3%-a high LDL level. In the mixed diet-58.3% of the responders remained completely healthy, 8.3%-hypercholesterolemia, 12.5%-high LDL cholesterol levels, and 12.5%-abdominal obesity. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that adherence to the fruit/vegetable type was associated with an higher risk of obesity according to BMI (OR=1.57, CI: 1.27–1.96, p&amp;lt;0.001), WC (OR=1.43, CI: 1.1–1.9, p=0.006), DM (OR=1.27, CI: 1.2–2.2, p=0.046). Adherence to the protein/carbohydrate diet was associated with a lower risk of obesity according to BMI (OR=0.75, CI: 0.6–0.95, p=0.015), WC (OR=0.52, CI: 0.41–0.66, p&amp;lt;0.001), DM (OR=0.66, CI: 0.47–0.93, p=0.018), hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia (OR=0.66, CI: 0.52–0.83, p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion Three types of diets have been prominent in Siberian residents. The fruit/vegetable diet has been associated with the development of obesity and diabetes, in contrast to the protein/carbohydrate diet. The findings suggest that it is necessary to further study the qualitative characteristics of each type of diet, depending on the physical activity of the respondents. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): The study was supported by the Pfizer Inc

Effects of a Brazilian cardioprotective diet and nuts on cardiometabolic parameters after myocardial infarction: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial

BackgroundNut consumption has been related to improvements on cardiometabolic parameters and reduction in the severity of atherosclerosis mainly in primary cardiovascular prevention. The objective of this trial is to evaluate the effects of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet (DIetaCArdioprotetoraBrasileira, DICA Br) based on consumption of inexpensive locally accessible foods supplemented or not with mixed nuts on cardiometabolic features in patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsDICA-NUTS study is a national, multicenter, randomized 16-week follow-up clinical trial. Patients over 40 years old with diagnosis of previous MI in the last 2 to 6 months will be recruited (n = 388). A standardized questionnaire will be applied to data collection and blood samples will be obtained. Patients will be allocated in two groups: Group 1: DICA Br supplemented with 30 g/day of mixed nuts (10 g of peanuts, 10 g of cashew, 10 g of Brazil nuts); and Group 2: only DICA Br. The primary outcome will consist of LDL cholesterol means (in mg/dL) after 16 weeks of intervention. Secondary outcomes will consist of other markers of lipid profile, glycemic profile, and anthropometric data.DiscussionIt is expected that DICA Br supplemented with mixed nuts have superior beneficial effects on cardiometabolic parameters in patients after a MI, when compared to DICA Br.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03728127. First register: November 1, 2018; Last update: June 16, 2021. World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN): U1111-1259-8105.

Associations of eating and drinking habits with cardiovascular disease and diabetes in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF epidemiological study

The presence of a disease, the prognosis of which can be improved by dietary modification, motivates a patient to change their eating habits.Aim. To study the associations of dietary patterns and alcohol consumption with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke in the adult population.Material and methods. The analysis was carried out using data from representative samples of population from 13 Russian regions aged 2564 years (n=19520; men, 7329; women, 12191). The response rate was ~80%. Dietary characteristics were assessed by frequency method.Results. In the diet of people with CVDs, the daily intake of vegetables/ fruits increases by 84% in men and by 19% in women, while the use of animal fats in cooking decreases by 28% and 20%m respectively (p&lt;0,0001). Women with CVDs reduce the consumption of processed meat and sweets by 16 and 19%, respectively (p&lt;0,005). Persons with prior MI reduce the consumption of sweets in the diet: men by 38% and women by 30%. Men with prior MI have higher daily consumption of cereals by 31%, vegetables and fruits by 46%, low-fat dairy products — 2,4 times. In addition, they are more adherent to a healthy and cardioprotective diet by 3,65 and 1,75 times, respectively. Dietary changes in those with prior stroke were noted only in women in the form of a 29% decrease in excess salt intake (p=0,0075). In the diet of people with diabetes, there is decreased consumption of sweets and an increased intake of vegetables/fruits: by 77 and 69% in men and by 79 and 69% in women, respectively (p&lt;0,0001). Men with diabetes are 3 times more likely to adhere to a healthy diet, and women — 2,3 times (p=0,0039 and p&lt;0,0001, respectively).Conclusion. Patients with CVDs, MI, and diabetes have a healthier diet than healthy persons.

Delivering a dietetic intervention to cardiovascular patients in the Covid era

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Department of Health Introduction Healthy diet and body composition are core components of cardiac rehabilitation. Following the COVID outbreak in March 2020, our face-to-face cardiac rehabilitation programme (Our Hearts Our Minds) was suspended. The programme was then quickly moved to a virtual platform to continue to deliver the programme. Purpose Here we describe how the OHOM programme adapted our service to deliver the dietetic assessment and intervention on a virtual platform. Methods Pre-Covid the dietary component of OHOM consisted of a face-to-face Initial Assessment (IA) with a dietitian, group education sessions and an End of Programme assessment (EOP). Anthropometric measures and dietary habits were assessed including adherence to the Mediterranean diet via the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) toolkit. Using behaviour change techniques, tailored dietary advice was provided and goals agreed to educate on healthier food choices, increase adherence to Mediterranean diet and (if appropriate) promote weight loss and reduce central obesity. The assessment and intervention is now delivered virtually via telephone or video. Anthropometrics are self-reported with tape-measures supplied to assess waist circumference and advice provided on home-weighing. MDS is still assessed. The programme includes fortnightly coaching telephone consultations to review and reset goals, the option to attend a dietitian-led virtual group education session, access to a filmed educational video and submission of food diaries via the Fitbit app. Results From April to November 2020, 114 patients completed the virtual programme (65 telephone, 39 video). Dietetic outcomes are outlined in Table 1 with inclusion of data for a similar period one year previously (face-to-face) for comparison. Reductions in anthropometric measures and increased adherence to a cardio-protective diet were noted and the results for the two time periods are remarkably similar. Conclusion Delivery of a virtual dietetic component in cardiac rehabilitation is feasible, acceptable and just as effective as face-to-face based on preliminary data. Table 1: Dietary outcomes at IA and EOP Face-to-face assessments (April - March 2019) Virtual assessments (April - November 2020) IA EOP Change IA EOP Change Mean weight (in those with BMI &amp;gt;25kg/m2) 86.5 85.2 -1.3 91.4 88.6 -2.8 Waist circumference (cm) 104.3 103 -1.3 107 102 -5 Mean MDS (Range 1-14) 4.4 7.5 +3.1 4.8 7.8 +3 % Consuming oily fish once per week 20 57 +37 25 68 +43 Achieving fruit and vegetable target 16 61 +45 21 57 +36 Abstract Figure. Dietitian waist circumference tutorial