Carcinoembryonic Antigen In Breast Cancer Research Articles

Clinical significance of serum miR-21, CA153 and CEA in breast cancer

Objective: one of the essential regulators of carcinogenesis is MicroRNA-21 (miR-21). Yet little light has been shed on its effectiveness as a tumor marker compared to the conventional ones. Comparing the diagnostic value of established tumor markers in breast cancer (BC) such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA153 with circulating level of miR-21 is the aim of this study. Methods: The study included 89 BC patients. Amplification of the circulating levels of miR-21 and miR-16 done using real-time PCR qualitative detection, while electro chemiluminescence assays was used to detect circulating levels of CEA and CA153. The diagnostic sensitivity for BC was compared between the three. Results: the serum miR-21 levels were high significantly BC patients, as the latter had much higher levels (P

Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of Cancer Antigen 15-3 and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis including 12,993 Patients.

Purpose The prognostic role of serum cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in breast cancer remains controversial. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic value of these two markers in breast cancer patients. Methods After electronic databases were searched, 36 studies (31 including information regarding CA15-3 and 23 including information regarding CEA) with 12,993 subjects were included. Based on the data directly or indirectly from the available studies, the hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled according to higher or lower marker levels. Results Elevated CA15-3 or CEA was statistically significant with poorer DFS and OS in breast cancer (multivariate analysis of OS: HR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.76–2.33 for CA15-3; HR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.46–2.20 for CEA; multivariate analysis of DFS: HR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.06–1.55 for CA15-3; HR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.53–2.04 for CEA). Subgroup analysis showed that CA15-3 or CEA had significant predictive values in primary or metastasis types and different cut-offs and included sample sizes and even the study publication year. Furthermore, elevated CA15-3 was associated with advanced histological grade and younger age, while elevated CEA was related to the non-triple-negative tumor type and older age. These two elevated markers were all associated with a higher tumor burden. Conclusions This meta-analysis showed that elevated serum CA15-3 or CEA was associated with poor DFS and OS in patients with breast cancer, and they should be tested anytime if possible.

Diagnostic usefulness of serum carcinoembryonic antigen determinations in breast cancer patients

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is used as a tumour marker in breast cancer (BC). In order to assess diagnostic value of CEA in BC we examined its serum levels and frequencies of its increase in breast cancer patients (BCP), and compared them to those in controls. We also determined CEA in patients with metastatic and non-metastatic BC, and calculated sensitivity and specificity of CEA in BC. The main experimental group consisted of 47 female patients with histologically proved diagnosis of BC. There were two control groups: clinically healthy women, and female patients with other locations of cancer. Circulating levels of CEA were measured by means of immunoradiometric assay. Results were processed by means of t-test and two-way analysis of variance. Circulating levels of CEA, before treatment in BCP, were significantly higher (p<0.0001) than in healthy women, and in patients with other cancers (p<0.007), while serum CEA in other cancer patients was significantly higher (p<0.01) than in healthy control. There was a difference between frequencies of CEA increase in BCP and healthy women, while such a difference did not exist between BCP and other cancer patients. The circulating levels of CEA in metastatic BCP were significantly higher (p<0.03) in comparison to non-metastatic patients. Sensitivity and specificity of CEA in BCP was 65.0%, and 57.1%, respectively. CEA does not have high tumour specificity for BC, since its circulating levels as well as frequencies of its increase may be elevated in patients with other types and locations of cancer, different from breast cancer. CEA can be detected in the serum of majority of patients with metastatic BC. CEA may be used as prognostic tumour marker in advanced BC.

BREAST-TUMOR XENOGRAFT TARGETING AND THERAPY STUDIES USING RADIOLABELED CHIMERIC ANTI-CEA MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY T84.66

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is expressed in approximately 60% of breast carcinomas. T84.66 is a well characterized anti-CEA murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) that does not cross-react with other CEA-related proteins. It has been humanized and used extensively after radiolabeling in clinical/experimental protocols for localization/therapy of colorectal cancer. MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line expresses CEA and is tumorigenic in athymic mice. In order to determine if anti-CEA MAb could specifically target breast cancer CEA, biodistribution, radiolocalization and therapy studies were performed in the animal model. Five tumor-bearing animals per time point were injected with 15 muCi of In-111-cT84.66. Mice were imaged and sacrificed at 24, 48, 72 and 144 h and biodistribution studies performed. For therapy studies, 19 tumor-bearing mice were injected either with 120 muCi of 90Y-cT84.66 or PBS. The tumors were measured tri-weekly and weighed at autopsy 21 days post therapy. Activity accumulation steadily increased in the tumors reaching 21% of the injected dose per gram of tumor (ID/g) at 144 h. At that time, the %ID/g in the tumor was 3 times higher than that in blood and the liver and 8 times higher than in other major organs. On day 10 post-therapy, 16 of the 19 control mice had tumor volumes between 1 and 3 cm3, while none of the treated tumors ever reached 1 cm3 in size. At autopsy, a 12-fold tumor weight difference (p=0.0001) was observed between control and treated mice (2.4g vs. 0.2g average weight, respectively). In summary, breast cancer CEA was specifically targeted with T84.66 allowing good tumor localization as well as significant tumor growth inhibition. Given the significant expression of CEA in breast cancer, this tumor should be included into the CEA-expressing malignancies for targeting with anti-CEA MAbs.

The clinical value of tissue carcinoembryonic antigen in breast cancer.

The relationship of tissue carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) to clinicopathological factors and prognosis was investigated in 168 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Tissue CEA was determined by radioimmunoassay and a level of 5.1 ng/ml or more considered to be positive. Tissue CEA was positive in 31.5 per cent of the patients overall and, of the clinicopathological factors, tumor size and the presence or absence of lymph node involvement were not found to be correlated with tissue CEA. However, the tissue CEA positivity rate was significantly higher in patients who had four or more metastatic lymph nodes (p less than 0.01). Tissue CEA-positive patients showed earlier recurrence than CEA-negative patients (p less than 0.01) and had a poorer outcome (p less than 0.05). Thus, tissue CEA is considered useful as a prognostic index for primary breast cancer patients.