Carbon Nanofiber Hybrid Research Articles

Lotus Root Type Nickel Oxide-Carbon Nanofibers: A Hybrid Supercapacitor Electrode Material

In this study, we investigate the electrochemical properties of a nickel oxide-carbon (NiO/C) material, synthesized in the form of highly porous carbon nanofibers through the electrospinning of polymers such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polystyrene (PS) followed by a carbonization process. The primary focus of this work is to determine the optimal mixing ratio for the hybrid material composed of NiO and carbon. While it is widely acknowledged that supercapacitor materials benefit from having a high specific surface area, our findings reveal that hybrid carbon nanofibers with a 45% specific carbon-to-nickel oxide ratio exhibit significantly enhanced capacitance (39.9 F g−1). This outcome suggests the promising potential of our materials as an energy storage material for hybrid supercapacitors, combining the advantages of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC) and Pseudo capacitors (Pseudo).

Development of self-sensing ultra-high-performance concrete using hybrid carbon black and carbon nanofibers

The self-sensing ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) was developed in this study by incorporating nano carbon black (CB) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) as additives into the UHPC matrix. Single CB and hybrid CB/CNF filled UHPCs were compared in terms of strength, microstructures, percolation threshold, conductivity, and piezoresistive sensing performance. The results indicate that hybrid CB/CNF filled UHPC consistently exhibits superior compressive strength compared to the counterpart with single CB. The percolation threshold begins at approximately 0.5 % CB content, regardless of the inclusion of CNF. The CNF serves to link the surrounding conductive passages contributed by CB nanoparticles, demonstrating the positive effect of hybrid nanofillers with multiple dimensions. AC impedance spectroscopy (ACIS) and equivalent circuit modelling were performed to understand the synergetic effect of CB/CNF on the electrical network in UHPC matrix and to compare the conductive characteristics between single CB and hybrid CB/CNF filled self-sensing UHPC. The insights gained from this analysis contribute to comprehending the conductive behaviours and sensing mechanisms at the microstructural level, providing new insight into the material design strategy to enhance the electrical and sensing performances of UHPC-based cementitious sensors. Regarding piezoresistive performance, the stability of sensing performance in response to dynamic cyclic load improves with an increasing content of conductive fillers; the hybrid fillers of CB/CNF enhance the stability of piezoresistive sensing performance of self-sensing UHPC with less signal noise under monotonic compressive loading. The outcomes can integrate the piezoresistive self-sensing capacity with UHPC to promote the application of cement-based sensors in civil infrastructure, offerring potential benefits for structural health monitoring and maintenance.

Carbon dot hybrid porous carbon nanofibers as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

C-dots hybrid porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) was developed for oxygen reduction reaction. C-dots were used as efficient building blocks for incorporating heteroatoms and defect sites to modify the electronic structure of the PCNFs.

CoFe2O4 nanoparticles modified amidation of N-doped carbon nanofibers hybrid catalysts to accelerate electrochemical kinetics of Li-S batteries with high sulfur loading

Lithium-sulfur battery have been considered as promising energy storage devices because of its superiority in energy density. However, the low active material utilization, low sulfur loading, shuttle effect and torpid kinetics of polysulfides, and poor cycling stability limit its commercial applications. Herein, the functionalized nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers containing amide groups were designed by electrospun and polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) solution impregnation techniques. The obtained amide groups modified nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (ANF) were combined with spinel CoFe2O4 (CFO) nanoparticles (CFOANF) via hydrothermal method to design as membrane electrode containing Li2S6 catholyte for lithium-sulfur batteries. The introduction of nitrogen doped and amide groups modified ANF can increase fibers polarity, which have chemical adsorption capability toward lithium polysulfides. CFO nanoparticles can further absorb the soluble polysulfides by strong chemical interaction due to its intrinsic polarity and also serve as a catalyst to promote the redox kinetics of polysulfides conversion. Benefiting from the synergism of the physical confinement, polar chemical adsorption, and catalytic conversion, the as-prepared CFOANF delivers excellent electrochemical performances at high sulfur loading. The as-prepared CFOANF membrane with 6.3 mg cm−2 sulfur loading delivers a high initial capacity of 940 mAh g−1 and excellent long-term cycling stability up to 450 cycles with a low decay rate 0.059 % per cycle at 0.2C. Remarkably, even at 12.6 mg cm−2 and 16.4 mg cm−2 sulfur loading, the CFOANF membrane electrodes show high capacity of 9.7 mAh cm−2 and 11.8 mAh cm−2, respectively. The results show that the chemically anchoring polysulfides and catalyzing redox reaction by multifunctional CFOANF hybrid composite is promising for assembling with a high sulfur loading electrode, which exhibits a superior electrochemical performance in lithium-sulfur batteries.

(Digital Presentation) Electrospun N-Doped CNFs Embedded Metal Oxides with Improved Graphitization for Superior Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage

One-dimensional carbon nanofibers (CNFs) based pseudocapacitive hybrid electrodes are the next step forward in achieving highly efficient supercapacitor(SCs) electrodes. However, it is still a paramount challenge to develop rationally designed CNFs with sufficient pseudocapacitive surface functionalities, and adequate porosity via a facile synthesis for better practical applicability. Herein, we are reporting a single-step electrospinning methodology followed by carbonization to generate a unique spatial 1D structure with metal oxide (MO) particles embedded in CNFs (M-CNFs). By optimizing the polymer ratio with that of MO, it was possible to obtain an in-situ N-enriched porous CNF network generating a predominant pseudocapacitive charge-storing mechanism. The resulting material is a synergistic combination of MOs, and surface-enriched N-CNFs with good electrical properties and high surface area, suitable to be employed as electrodes for SCs. A deep investigation of the M-CNFs properties has been performed to understand the physical characteristics of the hybrid MO/CNFs material. Further, a flexible symmetric SC device exploiting the polymeric gel-based (PVA+ H2SO4) electrolyte was assembled delivering a maximum energy density of up to 50 Wh Kg-1 and capacitance retention of 90% with a coulombic efficiency of 95%, enabling both electric double-layer and pseudo-capacitance behaviors. The resulting performances of the here-proposed material allow the prediction of the enormous potentialities of these flexible energy-storage devices for industrial-scale application. Keywords: surface N enrichment, electrospinning, hybrid CNFs, flexible symmetric supercapacitors.

Boosting the Power of Na0.44MnO2: Unlocking Its Potential for Aqueous Sodium-Ion Storage through Nanostructuring and Hybridization

We report an effective processing route, combining nanostructure formation and hybridization, to improve the rate performance of the tunnel-structure sodium manganese oxide Na0.44MnO2 (NMO) as a cathode material for aqueous sodium ion storage. We use hydrothermal synthesis to prepare an NMO/CNF (Carbon NanoFiber) hybrid, consisting of uniform oxide nanowires with an average width of 70 nm and length in the range of several tenths of µm. The highly dispersed CNFs impart high conductivity to the NMO/CNF electrode, allowing high-rate performance at a C-rate of up to 20 C, with a delivered capacity of more than half the theoretical value in a 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. Moreover, the NMO/CNF hybrid shows good electrochemical stability under several hundred cycles at a high C-rate. However, the NMO nanowire electrodes reveal a lower-than-expected capacity, probably as a result of the tendency of nanowires to form bundles, which prevents direct contact with conductive fibers and induce the under-utilization of active material. With this study, we demonstrate a strong improvement of the otherwise inherently low-rate performance of NMO through oxide nanostructuring and hybridization with carbon fibers, paving the way for further research on NMO-based materials for aqueous sodium ion storage.

Bimetallic copper-cobalt MOFs anchored carbon nanofibers hybrid mat based electrode for simultaneous determination of dopamine and tyramine

Early monitoring of histamine and tyramine levels in foodstuffs could protect against several diseases. In the present study, a self-standing copper-cobalt(2-methylimidazole) MOF anchored carbon nanofiber hybrid mat (Cu-Co(2-Meim)MOF@CNF) was prepared for the simultaneous detection and quantification of dopamine and tyramine in cheese and banana samples. As-prepared Cu-Co(2-Meim)MOF@CNF hybrid mats are highly porous with a large surface area, and also possess excellent hydrophilicity, which allows the analyte molecules to easily access the redox-active metal sites of the MOF matrix and subsequently enhance the sensitivity. The functional groups within the MOF matrix can also function as active adsorption sites during electrocatalysis. At the acidic condition (pH = 5.0), the Cu-Co(2-Meim)MOF@CNF exhibited improved catalytic activity and strong electrochemical sensitivity toward dopamine (DA) and tyramine (TY) with faster electron transfer kinetics and significant fouling resistance. The oxidation reactions of dopamine and tyramine at the hybrid electrode were irreversible and diffusion-controlled. The Cu-Co(2-Meim)MOF@CNF/GCE sensor demonstrated a broad linear range from 5 to 800 µM along with a low LOD of 44.2 nM and 52.7 nM for dopamine and tyramine, respectively. The hybrid sensor exhibited excellent anti-interference properties and long-term storage stability for up to 30 days. It is noteworthy that the Cu-Co(2-Meim)MOF@CNF/GCE sensor has demonstrated the capability of detecting dopamine and tyramine in cheese and banana samples, respectively, which would be helpful for food analysis and food safety.

Fabrication of an Electrocatalyst Based on Rare Earth Manganites Incorporated with Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids: An Efficient Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Anti-Inflammatory Drug Mefenamic Acid

Pharmaceutical and personal care products are emerging as a new category of environmental pollution. Analytical drug detection from a biological sample for detection is still crucial today. Mefenamic acid (MA) is an anti-inflammatory drug utilized for its antipyretic and analgesic properties, which is harmful to patients at higher dosages and is also recognized as a chemical pollutant that harms the environment. In this view, Dysprosium manganite/carbon nanofiber (DMO/CNF) was prepared by hydrothermal method for the electrochemical detection of MA. DMO/CNF/GCE exhibits high selectivity, excellent anti-interference, good stability, and reproducibility toward the detection of MA. The enhanced electrochemical performance of DMO/CNF/GCE was attributed to their synergetic interaction. Under optimized conditions, DMO/CNF/GCE shows a wide linear range of 0.01–741 μM and a low LOD of 0.009 μM. Satisfactory recoveries were obtained for human blood and tablet samples. Thus, the proposed DMO/CNF nanocomposite emerges as a promising material for the detection of MA.

MOFs-derived niobium oxide nanoparticles/carbon nanofiber hybrid paper as flexible binder-free electrode for solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors

For the first time, a bottom-up approach was adopted to prepare free-standing orthorhombic Nb2O5-anchored carbon nanofibers (Nb2O5 @CNFs) hybrid paper via in-situ solvothermal synthesis of Nb-metal organic framework@CNFs hybrid and subsequent pyrolysis process. The nanocrystalline Nb2O5 decorated on the CNF surfaces improved the charge storage performance through synergistic effect between porous CNFs (EDLC) and Nb2O5 (pseudocapacitance). Moreover, the high surface area and core-shell structure of Nb2O5 @CNF hybrid reduce diffusion limitations and facilitate ionic transport. The Nb2O5 @CNF hybrid paper as a binder-free electrode delivered greater specific capacitance of 633.6 F/g (975.7 F/cm3) in 1 M H2SO4, compared to Li2SO4 electrolyte (524.3 F/g) at 0.5 A/g. However, the Nb2O5 @CNF electrode showed better cycling stability in neutral Li2SO4 electrolyte than in acidic H2SO4 electrolyte. The solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) based on Nb2O5 @CNF paper and activated carbon (AC) electrodes delivered higher energy density of 62.1 Wh kg−1 at 292.7 W kg−1 in Li2SO4 electrolyte due to a wider working potential window (0–1.5 V), compared to H2SO4 electrolyte (55 Wh kg−1). The Li2SO4-based ASC cell is also capable of producing an energy density of up to 45.6 Wh kg−1, even at a high-power density of up to 5853.6 W kg−1. The as-assembled ASC demonstrated low self-discharge rate as well as excellent bending stability, indicating its excellent prospects in real-life applications.

Fabrication of niobium metal organic frameworks anchored carbon nanofiber hybrid film for simultaneous detection of xanthine, hypoxanthine and uric acid

Early determination of abnormal levels of uric acid (UA), xanthine (XA), and hypoxanthine (HXA) in the body fluid and food stuff could be useful in preventing various diseases. In this paper, we have fabricated a self-standing hybrid film based on niobium (benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) MOFs (Nb(BTC)MOFs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and explored as an enzyme-free electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of these analytes in phosphate buffer (pH = 7). As-developed hybrid film has a high specific surface area that permits faster transport of analyte molecules across the electrode-electrolyte interfaces, whereas a large number of active oxygen functionalities in MOF matrix could promote the sensitivity of the hybrid sensor. The Nb(BTC)MOF@CNF modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) sensor demonstrated excellent electrochemical responses to these purine derivatives. The diffusion-controlled electrooxidation reactions of these three analytes were noticed. The hybrid sensor exhibited a wide linear range of 5 to 2000 µM along with a low LOD of 70 nM, 76 nM, and 68 nM for UA, XA, and HXA, respectively. The present interference-free sensor showed high selectivity and good storage stability (40 days). Finally, the sensing performances of the Nb(BTC)MOF@CNF/GCE toward UA, XA, and HXA in real samples were found to comparable to those of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results.

Designing a hierarchical structure of nickel-cobalt-sulfide decorated on electrospun N-doped carbon nanofiber as an efficient electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors

The intent of designing and exploring novel active electrode materials is to enhance the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. Herein, a hierarchical structure of nickel-cobalt-sulfide nanostructures (NiCo2S4) decorated on the electrospun N-doped carbon nanofiber (CNF), NiCo2S4@CNF, is manipulated using a one-step and simple hydrothermal approach. The fabricated hierarchical structure of the NiCo2S4@CNF is featured by a large surface area and a high porosity that serve as ion diffusion channels. Therefore, it manifests high specific capacitance and specific capacity values of 377.2 C g−1 and 754.4 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, respectively. Furthermore, a NiCo2S4@CNF//CNF hybrid supercapacitor in which a positive electrode of NiCo2S4@CNF is assembled with a negative electrode of CNF to estimate the electrochemical performance of the NiCo2S4@CNF. As a result, the device has a superior energy density of 65.6 and 52.5 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 665 and 1313.8 W kg−1, respectively. Moreover, the device reveals good stability with capacitance retention of 72% after 3000 charge/discharge cycles. These outstanding results enable the designed hierarchical structure of the NiCo2S4@CNF to be a promising electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs) applications.

Self-assembled flower-like structure of copper cobaltate nanosheets supported on nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers as functional electrocatalyst for lithium/polysulfides batteries

The polysulfides shuttle effect and torpid kinetic are of the crucial barriers for lithium-sulfur batteries. Herein, self-assemble flower-like structure of copper cobaltate (CuCo2O4: CCO) nanosheets modified nitrogen-containing carbon nanofibers hybrid (denoted as CCONCFs) were designed as membrane electrode containing Li2S6 catholyte for lithium/polysulfides batteries, which promote electrochemical performance by inhibiting shuttle effect and enhancing the redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides. The conductive NCFs provide fast electronic transport and CCO nanosheets possess a strong affinity to sulfur species, which could effectively adsorb lithium polysulfides, boost their redox reaction catalytically-accelerate the reversible soluble/insoluble phases conversion, and greatly improve the utilization of active material. The results show that CCONCFs membrane electrode with 4.43 mg/cm2 sulfur loading exhibited stability cycling capacity, which delivered a high initial capacity of 1207 mA h/g at 0.2 C and sustain a capacity of 827 mA h/g after 350 cycles. Even at 8.85 mg/cm2 sulfur loading, the composite electrode shows a high specific capacity of 861 mA h/g and still maintains 733 mA h/g after 180 cycles. The assembled pouch cell with CCONCFs membrane was obtained with a specific energy density of 455 W h/kg.

Enhanced performance of microbial fuel cells with a bacteria/shape-controllable aligned carbon nanofibers hybrid biofilm

Improving the bacterial loading contents and extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency are promising strategies to enhance the overall performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Herein, an aligned carbon nanofiber-bacteria (ACNF-bacteria) hybrid is prepared and used as an efficient anode employing the electrospinning and co-filtration method. The ACNF matrix reveals rich porous structure, large specific surface area, and obviously improved electrocatalytic performance compared to the pristine carbon cloth (CC) anode. Specifically, MFC with the ACNF-bacteria anode achieves a maximum power density of 704 mW m−2, which is 1.7, 2.1 times higher than that of ACNF, CNF and CC anode. Impressively, the coulombic efficiency and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate for ACNF-bacteria anode reach 47.4% and 87.9%, respectively, far exceeding the CC anode (29.3% and 47.6%). Considering all the factors of low cost, facial fabrication, and high-power output, this novel ACNF-bacteria anode provides great potential for high-performance and cost-effective MFCs in a large scale.

Porous hybrid carbon nanofibers derived from metal-organic frameworks for high-performance supercapacitors

In view of the current problem that MOFs (Metal-organic frameworks)-based carbon as electrode materials for supercapacitors have poor conductivity and single component. We design porous hybrid carbon nanofibers (C-ZIF-67 @PAN@ZIF-8) derived from 1D core-shell MOFs. They can combine the advantages of 1D carbon materials (high conductivity) with hybrid carbon materials (multiple components) showing excellent electrochemical performance. The specific capacitance can reach 320.8 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, which is higher than C-ZIF-8 (180.8 F g−1) and C-ZIF-8 @PAN (273.7 F g−1) in a three-electrode system. In addition, symmetrical supercapacitors are assembled with C-ZIF-67 @PAN@ZIF-8, which can provide very stable performance and almost no capacitance decay after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g−1. The supercapacitors also can offer a high energy density of 8.0 wh kg−1 at a power density of 250 w kg−1.

Hybrid Carbon Nanofibers Derived from MXene Nanosheets and Aromatic Poly(ether amide) for Self‐Standing Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials

AbstractThe microstructure, electrical and electrochemical properties of MXene/aromatic poly(ether amide) (PEA)‐derived hybrid carbon nanofibers (HCNFs) as high‐performance free‐standing supercapacitor electrode materials are reported. For this purpose, a series of HCNFs are fabricated by sequential methods of electrospinning of PEA solutions, dip‐coating (1–10 cycles) of as‐spun PEA nanofibers into MXene aqueous dispersion, and heat‐treatment of MXene‐coated PEA nanofibers for carbonization. The structural analyses of HCNFs reveal that MXene nanosheets are uniformly deposited on PEA‐derived and nitrogen self‐doped CNFs and that they are accumulated with increasing the number of dip‐coating cycles. Accordingly, the electrical conductivity increases from 3.94 S cm−1 for PEA‐derived neat CNF to 15.74 S cm−1 for HCNF10 (10 dip‐coating cycles) due to the increase in the content of electrically conductive MXene nanosheets. On the other hand, the electrochemical performance is measured to be the highest in HCNF7 (7 dip‐coating cycles) owing to a trade‐off effect of ion barrier function and high electrical conductivity of MXene nanosheets to porous CNF webs. For a symmetric supercapacitor setup of two self‐standing HCNF7 electrodes, outstanding electrochemical properties of specific capacitance of 66.7–179.3 F g−1, power density of 1000–10 000 W kg−1, and energy density of 52.7–91.2 Wh kg−1 are attained at current densities of 1–10 A g−1.

Designing carbon nanotube and nanofiber-polypropylene hybrid cementitious composites with improved pre- and post- crack load carrying and energy absorption capacity

This study reports recent developments on carbon nanotube (CNT), nanofiber (CNF), and polypropylene microfiber (PP) hybrid reinforced cementitious composites. Notable characteristics are (i) significantly enhanced load carrying capacity; and (ii) increased energy absorption capability at both elastic and post-first cracking stages. Three point bending tests on notched and unnotched specimens have shown that the addition of 0.3 vol% CNTs and CNFs in PP reinforced mortars increases the modulus of elasticity and first crack strength and toughness by 93%, 64% and 49% respectively. The experimental values perfectly agree with the theoretically determined modulus using a micromechanics-based model. Hybrid mixes showed considerable increase in toughness, exhibited toughness index values I5 of 4 or more, and 4 times higher residual strength. Relative to the PP microfiber reinforced mortar, the developed hybrid material is able to sustain a much higher load and successfully transfer tensile stresses across cracks, without losing its tensile load carrying capacity. Such exceptional mechanical behavior is an important performance factor for serviceability and is interpreted in terms of the mechanism of a synergistic interaction between the nano and micro scale fiber reinforcement.

A soft and recyclable carbon nanotube/carbon nanofiber hybrid membrane for oil/water separation

AbstractHydrophobic membranes have been considered as one of the most effective candidates in oil/water separation for their easy operation and high efficiency. Here, we prepared a hydrophobic carbon nanotube (CNT)/carbon nanofiber (CNF) hybrid membrane by in situ grafting CNTs on a CNF membrane. The CNT grafting significantly increased the porosity and hydrophobicity of the CNF membrane. As a result, the CNT/CNF hybrid membrane showed a high efficiency (80%–98%) in the separation of a range of oil/water mixtures. Moreover, the CNT/CNF hybrid membrane is recyclable, and the separation efficiency maintained after 10 cycles. This high separation efficiency and good recyclability provide feasibilities for practical applications of the CNT/CNF hybrid membrane in the purification of oil contaminated water.

Porous Hybrid Carbon Nanofibers Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Porous Hybrid Carbon Nanofibers Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Synthesis of MnO–Sn cubes embedding in nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers with high lithium-ion storage performance

In this paper, a carbon nanofiber (CNF) hybrid nanomaterial composed of MnO–Sn cubes embedding in nitrogen-doped CNF (MnO–Sn@CNF) is synthesized through electrospinning and post-thermal reduction processes. It exhibits good electrochemical lithium-ion storage performance as the anode, such as high reversible capacity, outstanding cycle performance (754 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles), and good rate capability (447 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1). The excellent electrochemical properties are derived from a unique nanostructure design. MnO–Sn@CNF has a three-dimensional conductive network with a stable core–shell structure, which improves the electrical conductivity and mechanical stability of the materials. In addition, the mesopores on the surface of carbon fibers can shorten the diffusion distance of lithium ions and promote the combination of active sites of the material with lithium ions. The internal MnO and Sn form a heterostructure, which enhances the stability of the physical structure of the electrode material. This material design method provides a reference strategy for the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries anode.

Binary sulfuric effect on ZnO laminated carbon nanofibers hybrid structure for ultrafast lithium storage capability

The hybrid structure of high conductive carbon materials with large capacitive metal compounds is one of promising strategies for achieving high specific capacity, cycling stability, and ultrafast Li-ion storage capability due to their synergistic effects. This article will demonstrate the novel hybrid structure of a zinc oxysulfide (ZnOS) lamination layer on a sulfur (S)-doped carbon nanofiber (SCNF) matrix via an electrospinning method with sequential atomic layer deposition (ALD) process and will also present the structural advantages for ultrafast Li-ion batteries (LIBs). As a double-anion material, ZnOS has benefits compared with single ZnO and ZnS during the charge/discharge process, which is accompanied with consecutive conversion and alloying reactions. To verify these factors, structural analysis at the atomic scale and various electrochemical properties were evaluated. The resultant ZnOS/SCNF electrode showed superior electrochemical performance such as high specific capacity (672.8 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1), good capacity retention (87.8% after 100 cycles), and excellent cycling stability (85.4% after 500 cycles). This is attributed to the facilitated kinetic properties including electron and ion transfer efficiency during the electrochemical reactions, accompanied with the ZnOS/SCNF hybrid structure. In this regards, we believe that the ZnOS/SCNF electrode could be a great reference as a promising research strategy for accomplishing ultrafast LIBs.