Carbon Dioxide Supercritical Extraction Research Articles

Rosmarinus plants: Key farm concepts towards food applications.

Rosmarinus species are aromatic plants that mainly grow in the Mediterranean region. They are widely used in folk medicine, food, and flavor industries and represent a valuable source of biologically active compounds (e.g., terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids). The extraction of rosemary essential oil is being done using three main methods: carbon dioxide supercritical extraction, steam distillation, and hydrodistillation. Furthermore, interesting antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antileishmanial, anthelmintic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and antiamnesic effects have also been broadly recognized for rosemary plant extracts. Thus the present review summarized data on economically important Rosmarinus officinalis species, including isolation, extraction techniques, chemical composition, pharmaceutical, and food applications.

Removal of fat from crushed black soldier fly larvae by carbon dioxide supercritical extraction

Removal of fat from crushed black soldier fly larvae by carbon dioxide supercritical extraction

Life Cycle Assessment of Aerogel Manufacture on Small and Large Scales: Weighing the Use of Advanced Materials in Oil Spill Remediation

SummaryRecent studies demonstrated that advanced aerogel composites (Aspen Aerogels® Spaceloft® [SL]) have the potential to transform oil remediation via high oil uptake capacity and selectivity, excellent reusability, and high mechanical strength. Understanding the life cycle environmental impacts of advanced aerogels can enable a more holistic decision‐making process when considering oil recovery technologies following a spill. Here, we perform a cradle‐to‐grave streamlined life cycle assessment (LCA) following International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14040 2006 for SL weighed against the conventional oil sorbent material, polyurethane foam. The model included alternative use and disposal scenarios, such as single or multiple uses, and landfill, incinerator, and waste‐to‐energy (WTE) approaches for cleaning 1 cubic meter (m3) of light crude oil. Results showed that the ideal case for SL application was comprised of multiple use and WTE incineration (68% reduction in material use, approximately 7 × 103 megajoules [MJ] of energy recovery from WTE), but SL offered energy and materials savings even when used once and disposed of via traditional means (i.e., landfill). In addition to evaluating these already‐scaled processes, we performed an anticipatory LCA for the laboratory‐scaled aerogel fabrication process that might inform the sustainable design of next‐generation aerogels. In particular, the model compared rapid supercritical extraction (RSCE) with two conventional supercritical extraction methods—alcohol and carbon dioxide supercritical extraction (ASCE and CSCE, respectively)—for silica aerogel monoliths. Our results showed that RSCE yielded a cumulative energy savings of more than 76 × 103 and 100 × 103 MJ for 1 m3 of monolithic silica aerogel manufacturing compared to ASCE and CSCE, respectively.

Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters for the supercritical extraction of biphenyl from a contaminated soil

Carbon dioxide supercritical extraction is applied to a soil artificially contaminated with biphenyl. We studied three aspects of the extraction process in order to control it. An “excess function equation of state” model is used to represent the thermodynamic properties of the binary biphenyl-carbon dioxide mixture. This model allows calculation of solid compound solubility and of liquid-gas equilibrium. The adsorption of biphenyl in soil in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide is experimentally studied. In order to demonstrate the influence of the non-ideal character of the supercritical fluid on the amount adsorbed, we used a Bragg Williams lattice model. The adapted model allows adsorption calculation for a given set of temperature-pressure-fluid composition data. Both thermodynamic models are necessary to shape the extraction behaviour. In the soil, the pollutant is distributed between a precipitated phase and an adsorbed phase. Thus, the extraction model contains a dissolution kinetic term and a desorption kinetic term. Three parameters are unknown: the dissolution rate coefficient, the overall mass transfer coefficient between soil particles and the fluid and the fraction of precipitated biphenyl from the total quantity in soil. These parameters are estimated by fitting the model with experimental data.