Carbon Capture And Storage Technology Research Articles

Australia–Japan energy partnerships for regional security and decarbonisation

Australia and Japan stand at a pivotal juncture in their energy futures, with shared imperatives of ensuring energy security, affordability, and sustainability. As key players in the global energy landscape, their collaboration holds the potential to shape the trajectory of the Indo-Pacific’s energy transition, as outlined in Japan’s ‘New Plan for a Free and Open Indo-Pacific’ (FOIP). A central aspect of this collaboration involves securing liquefied natural gas (LNG) supplies from Australia to Japan and the region while simultaneously decarbonising the supply chain through carbon capture and storage (CCS) and advancing hydrogen technologies. Both nations recognise the significance of natural gas in ensuring regional energy security and affordability. Japan, heavily reliant on energy imports, particularly LNG, is motivated by past crises and geopolitical tensions to diversify its energy sources. The partnership between Australia and Japan not only addresses Japan’s energy needs but also influences the power dynamics within the Indo-Pacific. Challenges such as regulatory uncertainties and policy shifts dampen confidence for Japanese investors in Australia’s energy sector. Despite this, CCS technology offers a promising pathway to reduce emissions from natural gas production, with infrastructure facilitating low-emission hydrogen production. Policy coherence and streamlined regulations are essential to fostering innovation and scaling up these technologies. Collaboration on CCS and hydrogen commercialisation presents opportunities for both nations to lead the energy transition. Japan’s ambitious plans to increase its domestic hydrogen supply highlight the potential for joint efforts.

Development of long-distance and large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) value chain using liquefied CO2 ship transportation

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is central to clean energy transition. Globally, potential aggregated carbon dioxide (CO2) storage resource capacity is ~13,000 billion tonnes. Assuming global greenhouse gas emissions of 51 billion tonnes per annum, CO2 storage capacity equates to 250 years of global emissions reduction. While there is significant momentum to deploy CCS technology for meeting Paris Agreement targets, the key challenge for offering CCS to all industrial sectors is that many major CO2 emission sources are located hundreds of kilometres away from geological storage sites. To address this key challenge, there is a need to develop a long-distance and large-scale CCS value chain that utilises liquefied CO2 (LCO2) ship transportation. This paper discusses key technical, commercial, and regulatory considerations that must be addressed in parallel for developing such a CCS value chain. More specifically, it will cover the following: (1) technical – CO2 liquefaction condition, CO2 supply specification and LCO2 ship parcel size; (2) commercial – business model (ownership of CO2 retained by emitters or transferred to CCS project proponent), CO2 supply or CCS facility lease terms and conditions; and (3) regulatory – domestic versus transboundary projects and associated needs for policy and legislative underpinning.

The substantial impacts of carbon capture and storage technology policies on climate change mitigation pathways in China

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, considered as a pivotal tool in mitigating climate change within the fossil energy system, particularly in China, has experienced slower development than expected. The exploration of direct incentive policies to facilitate its growth remains relatively underdeveloped. This study developed a hybrid dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to simulate the substantial impacts of CCS incentive policies on China within the context of carbon neutrality target. Two potential incentive policies, carbon emission trading system (ETS) and 45Q tax credit, were simulated, with different sectoral coverage. The results indicate that CCS technologies can reduce carbon emissions by 960 ∼ 1,604 MtCO2 annually by 2060 through the strategic implementation of these incentive policies. The 45Q tax credit demonstrates its effectiveness in promoting early-stage research and development (R&D) and demonstration of CCS, while the ETS policy facilitates the commercial development of CCS in the later stage of development. By 2060, the implementation of CCS incentive policies could potentially result in 7.7 ∼ 17.4 % reduction in China’s primary energy consumption, 71.2 ∼ 82.7 % decrease in the carbon price of ETS and 5.64 ∼ 6.59 % increase in the GDP compared with the no-policy scenario. In addition, the sectoral output in various sectors and the welfare of urban and rural households also increase. This paper provides an important reference for the realization of China’s carbon neutrality goal and the model framework can be applied to other countries.

Fueling a net-zero future: The influence of government-funded research on climate change mitigation inventions

This study examines the pace and content of Climate Change Mitigation Technology (CCMT) inventions, focusing on the influence of government-funded research on patent characteristics. Utilizing data from the USPTO, we analyze the trends in CCMT patenting from 1988 to 2017 and reveal a significant increase in CCMT inventions. However, patents in hydrogen technology and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) are comparatively low, suggesting these fields are still in the early development stages. CCMT inventions rely heavily on government-funded research, particularly in CCS and hydrogen technology. CCMT inventions relying on government research are more complex and generate larger and more pervasive knowledge spillovers than their counterparts. However, they are less likely to be novel and tend to consolidate rather than destabilize existing technologies. Interestingly, the effect of government research reducing the likelihood of novelty is only observed in CCMT inventions and does not extend to utility patents. These findings highlight the role of government-funded research in facilitating high-quality CCMT inventions through knowledge spillovers. Our study underscores the importance of sustained and targeted public investment in CCMT R&D.

CCUS-assisted electricity-chemical polygeneration system for decarburizing coal-fired power plant: Process integration and performance assessment

In the context of global carbon neutrality, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology has become an important transition pathway to decarbonizing coal-fired power plants (CFPP). However, CCS technology has strict requirements for geological storage and the potential risk of CO2 leakage. Meanwhile, the deployment of the CCS technology in the CFPP could drastically reduce plant efficiency. To address the aforementioned issues, a novel carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS)-assisted electricity-chemical polygeneration process (i.e., ECPP) was proposed to produce electricity, liquid fuels, and high-calorie synthetic natural gas simultaneously. To reduce the efficiency loss caused by the consumption of internal steam and electricity, heat integration and Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technologies were adopted to fully recover the available waste heat and achieve the cascade utilization of the internal energy. Meanwhile, a detailed techno-economic assessment was conducted to further determine the benefits of the process integration. The results indicated that the application of heat integration and ORC technologies improves plant efficiency by 6 %. Moreover, it also reduces the cost of electricity and CO2 conversion cost by 17 and 15 %, respectively. In addition, compared with the traditional CFPPs retrofitted with CCS technology, the CO2 utilization and waste heat recovery technologies in ECPP enhance net electricity output and plant efficiency by 19 and 34 %, respectively. Therefore, the proposed CCUS-assisted ECPP achieves the efficient utilization of the waste CO2, and reduces the efficiency penalty for retrofitting the CFPPs. Overall, the proposed ECPP is an essential alternative for the retrofit of the existing CFPPs, and provides a feasible strategy for establishing a clean and sustainable power polygeneration system.

Optimal coal power phase-out pathway considering high renewable energy proportion: A provincial example

Since the announcement of the “carbon neutrality” goal, China has actively promoted the low-carbon transition across various industries. Controversy surrounds the fate of existing coal power units as, despite their carbon emissions, they remain integral to meeting the escalating power demand. Simultaneously, the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) underscores the need for coal power to provide flexible services, ensuring the safety and stability of the power grid. This study takes a province as example, establishing a comprehensive simulation model that considers a high share of RES to evaluate the optimal phase-out pathway for coal power in China. The analysis incorporates factors such as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and power demand growth. Results suggest that an immediate reduction in coal power capacity is not viable due to concerns about power supply safety. Recommendations emphasize the importance of maintaining a steady coal power capacity in the short term while concurrently developing RES, BESS, and CCS technologies. This approach facilitates a judicious withdrawal of coal power, contributing to cost reduction and ensuring a balanced transition. Furthermore, effective demand-side management emerges as a crucial.

Economic impact of thermal energy storage on natural gas power with carbon capture in future electricity markets

As policies evolve to reflect climate change goals, the use of fossil fuel power plants is expected to change. Many fossil fuel power plants may opt to incorporate carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies in response to evolving emissions policies. Additionally, fossil plants may need to be operated flexibly to accommodate the growing concentration of renewable energy systems. Unfortunately, most CCS technologies are very expensive, and they impose a parasitic load on the power plant, thereby decreasing net power output and the ability to operate flexibly. This investigation evaluated the economic potential of using hot and cold thermal energy storage (TES) to supplement the peak power output and flexibility of a natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plant with CCS capabilities. The two TES subsystems (hot and cold) were charged during periods of relatively low electricity prices and discharged during NGCC operation: resistively heated hot TES to offset the CCS parasitic heat load and vapor compression cooled cold TES to chill the inlet air to the power plant. Thermodynamic models were created for the base NGCC + CCS power plant, the hot TES equipment, and the cold TES equipment, to determine key performance and cost parameters such as net power output, fuel consumption, emissions captured, capital costs, and operational costs. These parameters were then used to simulate the operation of the power plant with and without the TES technologies in accordance with fourteen electricity pricing structures predicted for different future electricity market scenarios. The difference in net present value (NPV) between the base NGCC + CCS power plant and power plant with the TES technologies was used as the primary economic metric in this analysis. The NPV benefit from increased revenue due to TES utilization was found to outweigh the NPV penalty from the additional capital costs. This economic result was attributed to the low cost of the TES equipment and the ability to charge the storages using cheap electricity from high levels of renewable output. The results have shown that hot TES increased NPV in 12 of 14 market scenarios while the cold TES increased NPV in 14 of 14 market scenarios. A combination of both hot and cold TES yielded the largest increases in NPV.

Power System Decarbonization Assessment: A Case Study from Taiwan

The first global stocktake (GST) at 2023 UN Climate Change Conference (COP28) pointed out that accelerating the phasing down of fossil fuels has become an important mitigation policy to maintain a maximum temperature limit of 1.5 °C. The optimal power portfolio for achieving Taiwan’s net-zero emissions by 2050 is evaluated from the perspective of sustainable development. This study is enhances the 2021 research findings of Wang et al. on the sustainable power model, incorporating homogenized cost and technical constraints for empirical analysis. The results indicated that renewable energy sources play a pivotal role in achieving net-zero emissions. Gas power generation requires careful consideration, including early decommissioning or the adoption of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology to prevent carbon lock-in and compete with hydrogen energy technology. Notably, coal combined with CCS technology offers a viable option for a cost-effective roadmap for a decarburized power generation portfolio by 2050, serving as a reference for national planning strategies for promoting net-zero emissions.

A long-term impact assessment of carbon capture (storage) investment conducted by conventional power company on sustainable development

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) and renewable energy constitute two primary pathways towards achieving global emission reduction goals. In comparison to the fervor for renewable energy investment, the focus on CCS seems to be underwhelming, especially for conventional power companies in a transition phase. This study focuses on evaluating the long-term feasibility of integrating CCS technology into the strategic planning of the conventional power company. To evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of CCS under the context of carbon trading mechanism and renewable energy, a system dynamics model was employed. The principal findings of the study underscore that although the implementation of CCS may augment the financial burden on conventional power companies, this strategic investment preserves the potential to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. It emphasizes that relying solely on renewable energy would make it difficult to realize this emissions commitment. Conventional power companies should earnestly contemplate the adoption of CCS technology as a strategic investment avenue to accomplish their carbon neutrality objectives. It is also suggested that subsidies and moderate policy intensity within the carbon trading mechanism can serve as effective incentives for conventional power companies to invest in and develop CCS technology. Policymakers, investors, and business owners can leverage these findings as decision-support tools in devising comprehensive strategies that encompass both CCS and renewable energy initiatives.

The Pathway Towards Supporting the Implementation of the New Indonesian Law on Carbon Capture and Storage in Indonesian Universities

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology emerges as a promising solution to combat CO2 emissions from industrial processes and power generation, playing a vital role in the global efforts to mitigate climate change. However, despite its potential benefits, the widespread adoption of CCS faces challenges across technical, economic, and regulatory domains. In Indonesia, a nation heavily dependent on fossil fuels, CCS presents a significant opportunity to reduce emissions while sustaining economic growth. Therefore, this paper explores Indonesia’s strategic approach to CCS initiatives, examining the regulatory framework and the current landscape of CCS projects within the country. The study discusses the contributions of Indonesian universities towards advancing CCS technology through collaborative research, partnerships, and innovative initiatives. By assessing the role of universities in addressing environmental challenges and fostering a greener future, this paper highlights the pivotal importance of universities in driving sustainable solutions for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and achieving climate objectives. The finding concludes that Indonesian universities significantly contribute to the development and implementation of CCS through collaborative efforts and partnerships, facilitating a path towards sustainability.

A Comprehensive Review on Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Methods

Capturing and storing CO2 (CCS) was once regarded as a significant, urgent, and necessary option for reducing the emissions of CO2 from coal and oil and gas industries and mitigating the serious impacts of CO2 on the atmosphere and the environment. This recognition came about as a result of extensive research conducted in the past. The CCS cycle comes to a close with the last phase of CO2 storage, which is accomplished primarily by the adsorption of CO2 in the ocean and injection of CO2 subsurface reservoir formation, in addition to the formation of limestone via the process of CO2 reactivity with reservoir formation minerals through injectivities. CCS is the last stage in the carbon capture and storage (CCS) cycle and is accomplished chiefly via oceanic and subterranean geological sequestration, as well as mineral carbonation. The injection of supercritical CO2 into geological formations disrupts the sub-surface’s existing physical and chemical conditions; changes can occur in the pore fluid pressure, temperature state, chemical reactivity, and stress distribution of the reservoir rock. This paper aims at advancing our current knowledge in CO2 injection and storage systems, particularly CO2 storage methods and the challenges encountered during the implementation of each method and analyses on how key uncertainties in CCS can be reduced. CCS sites are essentially unified systems; yet, given the scientific context, these storage systems are typically split during scientific investigations based on the physics and spatial scales involved. Separating the physics by using the chosen system as a boundary condition is a strategy that works effectively for a wide variety of physical applications. Unfortunately, the separation technique does not accurately capture the behaviour of the larger important system in the case of water and gas flow in porous media. This is due to the complexity of geological subsurface systems, which prevents the approach from being able to effectively capture the behaviour of the larger relevant system. This consequently gives rise to different CCS technology with different applications, costs and social and environmental impacts. The findings of this study can help improve the ability to select a suitable CCS application method and can further improve the efficiency of greenhouse gas emissions and their environmental impact, promoting the process sustainability and helping to tackle some of the most important issues that human being is currently accounting global climate change. Though this technology has already had large-scale development for the last decade, some issues and uncertainties are identified. Special attention was focused on the basic findings achieved in CO2 storage operational projects to date. The study has demonstrated that though a number of CCS technologies have been researched and implemented to date, choosing a suitable and acceptable CCS technology is still daunting in terms of its technological application, cost effectiveness and socio-environmental acceptance.

Impact of benchmark tightening design under output-based ETS on China's power sector

China's national Emission Trading System (ETS), which covers the power sector, is a key policy for supporting the low-carbon transformation of the power sector under China's carbon neutrality target. This study improved the portrayal of China's national ETS in the power planning model and characterised its output-based mechanism and special gas-fired power design. The impacts of different output-based ETS designs on the decarbonisation of power systems in China were then explored. The results show that the ETS can effectively peak the emissions of China's power sector earlier and support the application of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology with slight impact on the average electricity cost. Benchmark tightening by 2%–5% every five years can lead to 3%–7% lower peak emissions of the power sector and deployment of CCS technology in 2025–2030. However, the current ETS design, which covers only coal- and gas-fired power units, plays a limited role in promoting renewable energy development by encouraging power generation by 1.3 % in 2035, with benchmark tightening of 5 % every five years. Distribution effects will occur among technologies and regions and will increase under more stringent benchmarks. Therefore, a moderate benchmark tightening rate is required to balance emission reduction and distribution effects in the near future.

Determining the brine extraction well type, location, and rate for optimal pressure and carbon dioxide plume management

Brine extraction strategies can be applied in carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects to overcome two technical barriers to the commercial deployment of CCS technology: (1) managing reservoir pressure and (2) controlling the carbon dioxide (CO2) plume in the subsurface. Numerical simulations were performed to evaluate changes in reservoir pressure and CO2 saturation during brine extraction. A series of scenarios were simulated to determine the optimal brine extraction strategies through the sensitivity study of well type, well location, extraction rate, and perforation interval. The simulation results were analyzed for their efficacy to manage reservoir pressure and the CO2 plume. Differential pressure, CO2 storage efficiency, and the distance of the CO2 plume to the extraction well were used as metrics to evaluate performance. With an injection-to-extraction ratio of 1:1 (volumetric balance), the optimal location for a vertical extraction well is in a direction perpendicular to high hydraulic conductivity direction, and on the down-dip side, with perforation(s) within the injection zone. A horizontal extraction well has the following advantages over a vertical extraction well: it presents less risk of drilling into an existing CO2 plume; CO2 storage efficiency is improved; a lower extraction rate, thus less volume of brine extraction, is required to move the CO2 plume and reduce reservoir pressure; and it has less impact on the lateral movement of the CO2 plume, which could result in lower CO2 storage efficiency and CO2 plume leaving the area of review. To minimize brine extraction yet have a noticeable effect on reservoir pressure and movement of the CO2 plume, this study recommends injection-to-extraction ratios of 2:1 for a vertical well and 4:1 for a horizontal well, which correspond to extraction rates of 10,000 and 5,000 stb/day, respectively, when injecting 1 million metric tons of CO2 per annum. These findings can be used to guide similar studies on brine extraction to manage CO2 storage.

Elucidating influences of defects and thermal treatments on CO2 capture of a Zr-based metal–organic framework

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is currently an essential response to the global warming problem caused by excessive CO2 emissions. Efficient and reproducible adsorbents for flue gas treatment play an important role in CCS technology, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered to be ideal candidates by virtue of their designable CO2 sorption sites. However, carbon capture performance evaluation and reproducibility of MOFs still hinder their application promotion in industrial production. In this work, an extended UiO-66-type MOF based on 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylate, was successfully synthesized in both a near defect-free form (UiO-66N) and a defect-rich form (DUiO-66N), for exploring the influence of crystalline defects and thermal treatments on carbon capture performance. Although powder X-ray diffraction showed that UiO-66N and DUiO-66N possessed the same crystalline phase, transmission electron microscopy, thermalgravimetric analyse and gas/dye sorption confirmed the presence of crystalline defects and the variation of porosity in DUiO-66N. CO2 sorption isotherms and flue gas breakthrough experiments revealed the defect-induced improved carbon capture performance, which was also supported by density functional theory. Meanwhile, the metastability of defects required low thermal treatment temperatures for activation and regeneration thus maintaining the superior carbon capture performance. These findings suggested that in reproducing and evaluating the carbon capture performance of MOFs, it cannot rely only on the global crystalline phase judgment, but needs to identify the local fine structure as well as optimize activation and regeneration conditions.

A bi-objective optimization approach for carbon capture and storage supply chain network combining with pricing policies: Economic and social aspects

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology and pricing policies are two mitigation strategies that attempt to tackle the carbon emission problem. Nonetheless, the uncertainty of public reaction to CCS infrastructure installation has been noted as a significant issue that may lead to either cancelations, delays, or influence the deployment cost of CCS infrastructure. Although these strategies are solutions to reduce carbon emissions, the entire supply chain itself needs to align with sustainability policy. While some previous studies have addressed mitigation strategies or the combination of social objective and CCS technology, the impact of social objectives on reservoir openness has not been explored. This article contributes to the literature by illustrating the effect of social objectives on reservoir openness and the total cost of the CCS supply chain. Through the development of a two-stage mixed-integer linear programming model, we optimize the supply chain network design. In the first stage, a single-objective model minimizes capture, transportation, and sequestration costs along with CO2 emission costs to the atmosphere, considering various carbon tax prices. In the second stage, a bi-objective model maximizes social acceptance towards CO2 injection wells (reservoirs) to analyze the impact of cultural dimensions. Our findings reveal that maximizing the social objective leads to increased costs compared to the economic optimum, and it significantly influences the openness of reservoirs based on cultural dimensions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an increase in the CO2 tax enhances the amount of captured carbon and the complexity of the pipeline network in the supply chain. This insight has implications for governments and decision-makers who can encourage industries to adopt CCS technology by setting appropriate carbon tax prices. To validate the model, we apply it to a case study in the European Union cement industry, one of the major carbon emitters among all industries. Our results not only confirm the model's effectiveness but also show its potential for practical application. Overall, our study presents a comprehensive framework for designing a two-stage sustainable supply chain network for CCS technology that optimizes economic and social objectives while considering CO2 pricing.

Stochastic modeling of decarbonizing strategy, policy, and market-induced incentives for the US electricity sector

In line with the global pursuit of achieving net-zero carbon emissions, integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) and renewable energy (RE) technologies is important in power production. This study evaluates the profitability of CCS and RE technologies as alternative ways of achieving climate change goals. While past research focused on costs, technological advancements, and capture methods, there is a need for more studies on assessing the financial feasibility of these climate change solutions under uncertain conditions, alongside specific performance goals and strategies to entice power producers. Using a comprehensive framework featuring deterministic and stochastic modeling approaches, this research explores the impact of policy and market incentives on CCS and RE investments within the U.S. power sector. It analyzes the interactions of variables such as market uncertainties, technical factors, and policy dynamics on the financial viability of adopting CCS and RE for targeted CO2 reductions. The results reveal that, given the status quo of policies, RE and CCS exhibit annualized net present values of $4.62 and $1.76, respectively, for each metric ton (MT) of CO2. Uncertainties in policy incentives emerge as a primary hindrance to achieving cost-effective carbon reduction mandates using CCS, while changes in the green electricity price premium cause high variability in RE returns. The study proposes a hypothetical market, featuring the sale of CCS-linked net-zero electricity at a distinctive premium price of $0.03/kWh. The study's findings underscore the importance of both policy and market incentives to enable power producers to deploy carbon management technologies at a large scale.

CO2 emissions change in Tianjin: The driving factors and the role of CCS

The environmental damage caused by the greenhouse effect is intensified by the continuous rise of carbon dioxide emissions. As a major industrial base in northern China, Tianjin has been emitting more carbon and thus faces a greater challenge to reduce its emissions. To meet the dual carbon goals of Tianjin, it is critical to identify influencing factors of carbon emissions and to find suitable technologies to effectively reduce emissions. In this study, the energy consumption data of Tianjin from 2005 to 2020 were analyzed via the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI). The carbon emission driving factors were decomposed and the contributions of four primary factors, including energy structure, energy intensity, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, and population to CO2 emissions of this region, were evaluated. The ideal characteristics of the oil reservoirs with low permeability and the suitable carbon dioxide sinks make carbon capture and storage(CCS) technology implementation feasible in Tianjin. Despite this, the effect of CCS technology on CO2 emissions in the future is still uncertain. Thus, the Bass model was firstly introduced to assess the future development trend of CCS technology and its capacity of CO2 emission reduction. The results revealed that energy intensity was the primary contribution to reducing carbon emissions, while GDP per capita was the main contributor to the overall increase of CO2 emissions in 2005–2020. The CCS technology diffusion process is fast, with rapid growth starting in 2030 and reaching growth saturation in 2040. According to the scenario analysis, CCS could make a substantial contribution of 2674.78× 104 tons per year after 2040 to the carbon emission reduction of Tianjin. Therefore, the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction policies as well as the expansion of CCS projects are essential to ensure that Tianjin achieves its carbon neutrality goal by 2060. This study offers helpful guidance for other cities to forecast their carbon emission reduction trajectories and establish emission reduction strategies.

Techno-Economic Analysis of State-of-the-Art Carbon Capture Technologies and Their Applications: Scient Metric Review

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are a serious hazard to human life and the ecosystem. This is the reason that many measures have been put in place by the International Energy Agency (IEA) to reduce the anthropogenic-derived CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Today, the potential of renewable energy sources has led to an increased interest in investment in carbon capture and storage technologies worldwide. The aim of this paper is to investigate state-of-the-art carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies and their derivations for the identification of effective methods during the implementation of evidence-based energy policies. To this extent, this study reviews the current methods in three concepts: post-combustion; pre-combustion; and oxy-fuel combustion processes. The objective of this study is to explore the knowledge gap in recent carbon capture methods and provide a comparison between the most influential methods with high potential to aid in carbon capture. The study presents the importance of using all available technologies during the post-combustion process. To accomplish this, an ontological approach was adopted to analyze the feasibility of the CCS technologies available on the market. The study findings demonstrate that priority should be given to the applicability of certain methods for both industrial and domestic applications. On the contrary, the study also suggests that using the post-combustion method has the greatest potential, whereas other studies recommend the efficiency of the oxy-fuel process. Furthermore, the study findings also highlight the importance of using life cycle assessment (LCA) methods for the implementation of carbon capture technologies in buildings. This study contributes to the energy policy design related to carbon capture technologies in buildings.

Potential Business Models of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) for the Oil Refining Industry in Thailand

The escalating concerns over climate change have propelled industries worldwide to seek innovative strategies for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Within the energy sector, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology emerges as a promising solution to curtail emissions and foster sustainable development aims for the net zero approach. This research delves into the role of government support in expediting CCS adoption for the maximum potential of 9.79 MtCO2 storage from six major refinery plants. The refineries mentioned above are anticipated to necessitate an initial capital investment of approximately 18,307 million THB. This research focuses on potential business model proposals appropriate for a country’s context, specifically, applying CCS technology to the Thai oil refining sector. To achieve the realization of CCS within the context of this study, a combination of three essential measures will be required: tax incentives, carbon credits, and grants. This process will commence with the implementation of tax incentives, followed by an increase in the carbon price within the country. Finally, the establishment of a dedicated fund, funded through deductions from oil excise tax revenue, will play a pivotal role in facilitating the necessary financial support for the emergence of CCS.

Carbon Capture and Storage: Application in the Oil and Gas Industry

As a rapidly evolving technology, carbon capture and storage (CCS) can potentially lower the levels of greenhouse gas emissions from the oil and gas industry. This paper provides a comprehensive review of different aspects of CCS technology, including its key components, the methods and stages of carbon storage, implied environmental effects, and its pros and cons. This paper also investigates the utilization of CCS as an alternative method to water injection into oil reservoirs. It also probes the technical and operational challenges of implementing CCS technology in the oil and gas industry. Additionally, this paper examines the regulatory and policy issues associated with CCS, including incentives and frameworks for promoting the deployment of CCS technology. Finally, in this paper the potential benefits of CCS are discussed, including reducing the carbon footprint of the oil and gas industry, enhancing energy security, and supporting the transition to a low-carbon economy.