CAR Ratio Research Articles

Spatial insights for sustainable transportation based on carbon emissions from multiple transport modes: A township-level case study in China

Understanding the CO2 emissions and influencing factors of travelers' multiple modes can provide direction for energy conservation and emission reduction, which is of great significance for developing sustainable cities. Previous studies focused on the CO2 emissions of the transportation sector or individual modes. Which has overlooked the variations of emissions within the transport system. Hence, this study focuses on multiple modes (i.e., car, subway, bus, and bike) in the township in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. This study proposes a framework for exploring the spatial autocorrelation of urban transport emission structure based on ratios (i.e., CO2 emissions from each mode divided by total emissions) and key factors by combining spatial econometric model (i.e., Moran's I index and Spatial Error Model) and machine learning model (i.e., Random Forest and SHAP model). In addition, the spatial autocorrelation of ratios at different spatial scales is investigated. The results indicate the high spatial dependence in the ratios from each transport mode and Moran's I indices for four ratios are 0.883, 0.886, 0.706, and 0.776, respectively. In addition, subway and car ratios exhibit a negative spatial correlation (−0.798), and subway and bike show a positive correlation (0.570). Population density, road length, and land use diversity are the key drivers of CO2 emission ratios and have different effects on various transport modes. Furthermore, as the spatial scales expand from townships to distinct and city, the spatial autocorrelation of the ratios decreases. This study could provide policy implications for optimizing urban transport strategies and reducing CO2 emissions.

ANALISIS KOMPARASI KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK UMUM SYARIAH DENGAN PENDEKATAN METODE CAMEL

This study aims to compare the performance levels of two Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia, namely Bank BCA Syariah and Bank Muamalat Indonesia for the period 2018 to 2022. This study uses a method that is often used to analyze the level of performance of Islamic banking, namely the CAMEL method. The indicators in this study consist of five financial ratios, namely CAR, NPF, NPM, ROA, and FDR. This research uses quantitative methods with comparative research types. Using secondary data from financial reports published on the official website of each bank. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is used for data normality testing and hypothesis testing using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test. The results showed statistically significant differences in the values of CAR, NPF, ROA, and FDR in Islamic banking between Bank BCA Syariah and Bank Muamalat Indonesia, then there was no significant difference in the NPM ratio between the two banks. Based on the results described, Bank BCA Syariah has a superior average value in terms of CAR, NPF, NPM and ROA ratios compared to Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Meanwhile, the performance of Bank Muamalat Indonesia's FDR proportion is better than Bank BCA Syariah in recent years. Therefore, it can be said that Bank BCA Syariah and Bank Muamalat Indonesia have different performance.Keywords: Financial Performance; Islamic Banks; Camels Method

Reevaluating the Profitability, Performance, and Stability of Sharia Banks in Indonesia Using the Eagles Framework

Islamic banking in Indonesia has experienced rapid development in recent years. This encourages the importance of reviewing the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) to determine the level of health and efficiency. The purpose of this study is to analyze the financial performance of BUS during the period 2018-2022 using the EAGLES method. As well as comparing financial performance between BUSs during the 2018-2022 period. This study uses quantitative methods with secondary data sourced from BUS Annual Reports for the 2018-2022 period. Financial performance is measured using the EAGLES method which includes ROA, ROE, NPF, DGR, LGR, FDR, CAR, and SRQ ratios. The results showed that there were differences in the ratios calculated on BUS during the 2018-2022 period. Overall, BUS shows a fairly healthy financial performance with some BUSs that have better performance than others. The conclusion of this study is that the financial performance of BUSs during the 2018-2022 period shows a positive trend with some BUSs that have better performance than others. The use of the EAGLES method provides a comprehensive overview of BUS financial performance and can be used to compare performance between BUSs.

ANALYSIS SOUNDNESS LEVEL OF FINANCIAL REPOST PT BANK PEMBAGUNAN DAERAH JAWA TIMUR TBK THE CAMELS METHODE (2019-2023 Period)

By applying the CAMEL (Capital, Asset Quality, Management, Earning and Liquidity) approach, this research seeks to determine the health condition of PT Bank Jatim Syariah Tbk in 2019 -2023. Based on the health level of PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Timur Tbk for the period 2019 - 2023, the ROA, ROE and NI ratios are considered healthy, while the CAR, NPF, BOPO and FDR ratios are considered very healthy. Because each ratio result is in the quite healthy category, PDN is considered quite healthy.

Analysis Of Bank Health Level With RGEC Method (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, And Capital) On PT. Bank Bengkulu

This research aims to determine the health level of PT. Bank Bengkulu in the periode of 2020-2022 using the RGEC method (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, and Capital). Based on the results of assessing the bank’s health level by applying the RGEC method at PT. Bank Bengkulu is assessed based on factors,namely 1. Risk Profile, the result of the NPL ratio in 2020 amounted to 0,78%, in 2021 amounted to 0,91%, and ini 2022 amounted to 1,05%, which is said to be very healthy. The LDR ratio result in 2020 amounted to 91,78%, in 2021 amounted to 93,41%, and in 2022 amounted to 90,45%, which can be said to be quite healthy. 2. The bank’s Good Corporate Governance carried out a self-assessment with GCG in 2020 PK1, 2021 PK 3, and 2022 PK 1. 3. Earnings, the ROA ratio in 2020 amounted to 2,05%, in 2021 amounted to 1,43%, and in 2022 amounted to 1,89%, This is said to be healthy. The BOPO ratio result in 2020 amounted to 73,86%, and in 2021 amounted to 80,01%, and in 2022 amounted to 75,13%, which can be said to be very healthy. 4. Capital, the result of the CAR ratio in 2020 amounted to 24,24%, in 2021 amounted to 22,92%, and in 2022 amounted to 24,52%, which can be said to be very healthy. Results from research on the health level of PT. Bank Bengkulu received PK 1 in 2020 and 2022, namely with a very healthy statement and PK 2 in 2021, namely with a healthy statemeny.

Analysis Of Efficiency Level In Indonesian Banking Companies Listed On The Indonesian Stock Exchange For The 2019-2022 Period

This study analyzes the efficiency levels of Indonesian banking companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period of 2019-2022, encompassing the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Efficiency in banking is crucial for maintaining competitive advantage and ensuring financial stability, especially in the face of global challenges such as economic globalization and digitalization. The research evaluates the efficiency of banks using indicators like the CAMEL method, BOPO, NIM, NPL, LDR, and CAR ratios. The study finds that the pandemic significantly affected banks' efficiency, with notable declines in NIM and ROA ratios due to economic uncertainty and operational cost challenges. Post-pandemic, these ratios have shown signs of stabilization. The study uses descriptive quantitative methods, analyzing secondary data from annual financial reports of eight banking companies listed on IDX. The results indicate that strategic measures in risk management and cost efficiency are imperative for banks to navigate future uncertainties.

Analysis of Macroeconomic Factors and Financial Performance on the Phenomenon of Sharia Bank Market Share Stagnancy

The Sharia banking market share is still stuck at the level of 7% of total national banking assets until the February 2024 period. Several strategic policies have been implemented by both regulators and Sharia banking players, but this has not yet increased the Sharia banking market share. Several other relevant studies inform that internal factors in the form of financial performance and macroeconomic conditions are one of the causes of the stagnant increase in the market share of sharia banking in Indonesia, so it is necessary to re-examine/analyze these factors. Furthermore, this research aims to analyze the influence of macroeconomic conditions as proxied by the inflation rate and BI rate as well as the financial performance of Sharia banks as proxied by the CAR and FDR ratios on the Market Share of Sharia Banks in Indonesia. The sample in this study was a total of sharia commercial banks and sharia business units with data regression analysis using the help of the Eviews version 12 program. The results of this research show that simultaneously the independent variables (inflation, BI rate, CAR and FDR) in this research have a significant influence on Market Share with a significance level of 5%. Overall, the results obtained show that the variables inflation, BI rate, CAR and FDR influence the Sharia banking Market Share with a significance level of 5%. Partially, inflation and FDR have no effect on the market share of sharia banking, but the BI rate and CAR have a significant effect on sharia banking in Indonesia.

PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS BANK PADA DUAL BANKING SYSTEM DI INDONESIA

The dual banking system in Indonesia still faces the problem of inadequate capitalization with a high level of leverage. This study aims to analyze the effect of capital structure on bank’s profitability in Dual Banking System in Indonesia. The data analysis method used is panel data regression and difference test on 8 conventional banks and 8 Islamic banks. Panel data regression is intended to identify the influence of capital structure proxied through DER and CAR ratios on profitability (ROA) with control variables of bank size and asset’s growth. The secondary data used is annual report data for the period 2013-2022 sourced from OJK. The estimation results on conventional banking show that the DER and growth variable has a significant positive impact on profitability, while CAR and bank size have no significant influence on profitability. Then, in Islamic banking, DER has a significant negative influence on profitability performance, while CAR and growth have no significant influence on Islamic bank’s profitability performance. Meanwhile, bank size is proven to affect the Islamic bank’s profitability performance. Through a t-test, there is a significant difference in profitability performance and capital structure between the two banking systems in Indonesia.

ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI NEGARA OKI

The development of the economic system can be seen from the movement of the financial system which has a global impact. Therefore, the role of banking is very important for economies around the world. The aim of this research is to assess the financial performance of Islamic banks in OIC member countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia) through profitability. The measure of profitability is to use the ROA ratio. The data was processed using panel data regression testing. The results of data analysis show that CAR and sukuk have a significant positive effect on profitability, while BOPO has a significant negative effect on the profitability of sharia banks in OIC member countries during the 2018 - 2022 period. Only the inflation variable has not significantly influenced the profitability of sharia banks in OIC member countries during the period. 2018 – 2022. The implication of this research is that Islamic banks must strive to increase the CAR ratio and reduce the BOPO ratio because it can significantly affect the level of bank profitability. Apart from that, Islamic banks also continue to increase sukuk issuance because it can encourage increased profits.

Relationship between C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and mucocutaneous symptom frequency and disease severity in Behçet's disease.

There is no specific marker that can be applied to determine the severity of Behçet's disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin (CAR) ratio as a tool for assessing the severity of Behçet's disease. A retrospective crosssectional study was conducted by examining hospital archives. The CRP and albumin levels of Behçet's disease patients who presented to our dermatology clinic over a three-year period from February 2020 to February 2022 were included, along with the identical laboratory parameters in the control group. The CAR ratio was calculated and statistically compared across different clinical features of the disease and with the control group. Of the 97 patients with Behçet's disease, 70.1% (n = 68) were female and the median age was 36.0 years (IQR = 20.5), whereas of the 53 control subjects, 77.4% (n = 41) were female and the median age was 35.0 years (IQR = 19.0). There was no statistically significant difference in sex or age between the groups (p > 0.05). The levels of CRP and CAR were found to be significantly elevated in patients with Behçet's disease compared to the control group (both p < 0.001). According to the ROC analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) of CRP level and CAR were found to be 0.784 (95%CI: 0.710-0.859), and 0.786 (95%CI: 0.712-0.861), respectively. The cut-off value for CRP was determined as 1.485, whereas for CAR it was 0.324. As the severity of Behçet's disease increased, there was a statistically significant increase in the CAR level (p < 0.001). The severity of Behçet's disease was statistically significantly associated with a high CAR level. CAR can be used as a quick and easily calculated parameter to assess the severity of Behçet's disease.

Development of Power-to-weight Ratio and Braking Distance of Passenger Cars during the last 30 Years

Development of Power-to-weight Ratio and Braking Distance of Passenger Cars during the last 30 Years

Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Biaya Operasional Terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) Terhadap Likuiditas Yang Diukur Dengan Loan to Deposit Ratio Pada PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk

The aim of this research is to analyze and test the influence of CAR, NPL, BOPO on LDR PT. Bank Tabungan Negara Indonesia Tbk. This type of research is explanatory research. The sample used in this research was PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk published its financial reports for the 2006-2013 period. Data collection techniques are library research and field research techniques. This research uses descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression for data analysis with the help of the Eviews 8 program. From the analysis test results it is known that the CAR, BOPO and NPL ratios have no influence on the LDR ratio during the 2006-2013 period.

Optimization of the Transmission Ratio by Fuel Consumption

Introduction. The issues of ensuring optimal fuel consumption modes are the subject of constant research in the field of vehicle operation. Works in the field of reducing fuel consumption in most cases are devoted to the study of the design of power units, transmission or aerodynamic features of the body of cars. At the same time, the issues of determining the optimal laws of control of unsteady movement from the point of view of the synthesis of algorithms for controlling the movement of a car have not been considered. To optimize the transmission ratio of cars with unsteady movement, the authors of the work carried out analytical calculations to simplify the synthesis of motion control algorithms, which in turn allowed reducing fuel consumption. The aim of the work was to determine the optimal transmission ratio, which allowed solving the problem of synthesizing vehicle control to reduce fuel consumption.Materials and Methods. The synthesis of algorithms for controlling the movement of a car considered in the work was based on the application of the needle variation of L.S. Pontryagin to invariant features of the real movement. An analytical method was used to estimate energy efficiency of vehicle performance, which was based on determination of optimal transmission ratio of motor vehicles taking into account minimum fuel consumption. The presented method took into account the amount of torque transmitted from the engine crankshaft to the transmission elements, which, depending on the engine power, was realized in the form of traction force on the wheels of the car.Results. The law of optimal change in the transmission gear ratio during acceleration of the car in a minimum time was built. The problem of determining the optimal transmission ratio of the vehicle in the case of driving the vehicle at a constant speed and constant fuel supply and in the case of accelerating the vehicle to a given speed at a constant fuel supply, when the condition ε = const was met, was solved. The result of the considered case of applying the optimal law of change in the transmission gear ratio was the minimization of fuel consumption under restrictions on acceleration (traction force) and speed of the car.Discussion and Conclusion. The use by the authors of the analytical method for determining the transmission ratio of a car, as well as the use of this method in practical calculations for a car with given characteristics, showed the possibility of solving the problem of synthesizing vehicle control using a mathematical apparatus. This was confirmed by the built graphical dependence based on the results of the calculations. The considered cases of movement made it possible to determine the analytical dependencies of the optimal transmission ratio and the speed of the car. The initial data obtained by analytical relationships are applicable for cars with a mixed control mode.

Analisis Efesiensi Penggunaan Modal Kerja Perusahaan dengan Rasio Keuangan pada Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk Tahun 2018 – 2022

This research focuses on capital issues in companies which are seen based on the financial performance of Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk with liquidity ratios, profitability ratios and solvency ratios in 2018-2022. The results of the research are that the liquidity ratio with the FDR ratio and the current ratio have quite good capital efficiency in paying the company's liquidity, the profitability ratio with the CAR, DER and DAR ratios shows that the company has been able to process and generate profits to carry out the company's operational activities and increase the capital owned by company so that capital efficiency is met. Meanwhile, the Solvency Ratio, namely ROA, ROE and NPM, the company has the ability to manage capital and reduce the level of bankruptcy in the future.

Kinerja Keuangan Bank Mega dan Bank Mega Syariah Menggunakan Pendekatan Camel

This research aims to compare the financial performance between Bank Mega and Bank Mega Syariah during the 2018-2022 period using the CAMEL approach. The research method used is descriptive comparative through a quantitative approach. The data used are Bank Mega and Bank Mega Syariah quarterly reports for the 2018-2022 period. The results of descriptive statistical tests show that the majority of the financial ratios of the two banks are in the good or very good category based on applicable standards. However, the results of hypothesis testing using the Mann-Whitney U Test indicate that there are significant differences in financial performance between the two banks. Bank Mega has better performance in terms of CAR, ROA, BOPO and LDR ratios, while there is no significant difference in the NPL ratio between the two banks.

THE SOUNDNESS LEVEL ASSESSMENT OF PT BANK PAN INDONESIA TBK USING RISK-BASED BANK RATING IN 2018-2022

The financial industry is crucial for a nation's growth and well-being, with banks playing a vital role in utilizing financial resources. The soundness of a bank is essential, with stakeholders including shareholders, bank management, customers, and the general public involved. Maintaining soundness is paramount for financial institutions like banks, as internal risk can affect the bank's financial status. This study examines the financial report of PT Bank Pan Indonesia Tbk for 2018-2022. The research uses historical data and descriptive data analysis methodology, analyzing financial statements using the Risk-Based Bank Rating method. This study indicates that PaninBank's soundness level is in a Very Healthy condition from 2018 to 2022, as measured by the NPL ratio, Good Corporate Governance, ROA ratio, NIM ratio, BOPO ratio, and CAR ratio. The soundness level of the PaninBank is also in a Very Healthy condition, with composite scores of 93%, 93%, 93%, 90%, and 93% for the five years spanning 2018-2022.

EVALUASI KINERJA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA SEBELUM DAN SETELAH KONSOLIDASI BERDASARKAN RASIO KEUANGAN DAN PERATURAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN TAHUN 2019 – 2022

This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of Bank Syariah Indonesia before and after consolidation based on financial ratios and the 2019-2022 Financial Services Authority Regulation. The indicators in this study use various financial ratios of Bank Syariah Indonesia, namely liquidity ratios, profitability ratios and capital adequacy ratios. The method used uses Comparative Analysis by comparing financial ratios before and after consolidation to understand financial conditions after consolidation, measure operational efficiency and assess financial performance. Based on the research results based on SEOJK Number 28/SEOJK.03/2019 standards, it shows that the NPF, FDR, and ROA ratios of Bank Syariah Indonesia after consolidation have better results than before consolidation and have a rating criterion of 1. Furthermore, the ROE and NOM ratios after consolidation have better results than Bank Syariah Indonesia before consolidation even though they have criteria for ranking 3 and ranking 5. The BOPO and CAR ratios after consolidation have very varied results but also indicate very good compared to Bank Syariah Indonesia before consolidation even though they have a rating criterion of 1.

Comparative Analysis Of Financial Performance Of Bank Bpd Diy And Bank Jateng For The 2019-2022 Period

This research aims to determine the comparison of financial performance between BPD DIY and Bank Jateng (formerly: BPD Jateng) in the 2019-2022 period. Research Method – This study uses descriptive analysis, this study uses financial ratio analysis tools, normality test, independent Sample T-test if the data is normally distributed, and Mann Whitney test if the data is not normally distributed. Findings - The conclusion of the research and discussion above, it can be said that Bank BPD DIY and Bank Jateng show significantly different financial performance as shown by the CAR ratio, while the ratio of NIM, ROA, NPL, and BOPO has no significant difference in financial performance. Implication – This research is expected to be a reference for consideration to analyze the comparison of BPD DIY and Bank Jateng and other banks in the future.

Analisis Kesehatan Bank Pada Perusahaan Bank BUMN Periode 2018 – 2022

This research aims to determine the health level of state-owned banks for the period 2018 – 2022. The tool used to measure the health level of banks is the CAMEL (Capital, Asset, Management, Earnings, and Liquidity) analysis. The population of this research is 3 (three) state-owned banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI), namely BRI, BNI, and Mandiri. The data used are financial reports from the three banks for the period 2018 - 2022. The results of this research show that in general the best financial performance is obtained by BRI, followed by Mandiri, and third is BNI and has the HEALTHY predicate. This is shown by the highest CAR, KAP, NIM, ROA, BOPO and LDR ratio values obtained by BRI, followed by Mandiri and the lowest is BNI. In general, the CAMEL score can illustrate that state-owned bank for the 2018 - 2022 period are quite good in terms of their financial performance and maintaining the bank's health level.

Influence of CAR, FDR, NPF, and Profit Sharing Ratio on BCA Syariah's Financial Performance for the 2016-2022 Periods

The rapid development of the banking world at this time is one of the factors that makes daily financial transactions easier. One way to see how well PT is performing. BCA Syariah Bank is based on its financial reports, as the object to be studied, researchers will analyze BCA Syariah's quarterly financial reports obtained from the official OJK website. Financial performance can be seen from the size of ROA, while the size of ROA itself can be influenced by CAR, FDR, NPF and Profit Sharing Ratio. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the partial and simultaneous influence of CAR, FDR, NPF and Profit Sharing ratio on BCA Syariah's ROA for the 2016-2022 period. The samples in the research were all quarterly financial reports for the 2016-2022 period with a total of 28 samples and the sampling technique was purposive sampling. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the Eviews 10 program. The research results show that partially (1) CAR has a significant negatif effect on ROA, (2) FDR, NPF and Profit Sharing Ratio do not have a significant effect on ROA. Meanwhile, CAR, FDR, NPF and Profit Sharing Ratio simultaneously influence BCA Syariah's ROA for the 2016-2022 period.