Car Radiator Research Articles

An experimental investigation examining the usage of a hybrid nanofluid in an automobile radiator

AbstractSeveral modifications have been made to the radiator’s dimensions and materials as part of the evolution of the automotive cooling cycle. Coolant is an important factor that greatly affects the efficiency of the cooling cycle. In applications involving heat transmission, nanofluids have become a viable possibility coolant. Two distinct types of nanoparticles floating in the base fluid make up the hybrid nanofluid, a newly invented class of nanofluids. Tests of hybrid nanofluids as a working fluid substitute for conventional fluids have been assisted by the current study. In the radiator of a 2005 Honda, the MWCNT–Al2O3/water nanofluid was tested at various volumetric concentrations (Φ) using a 50:50 mixing ratio. The outcomes of the experiments were compared with those obtained by using pure water. The radiator’s performance was evaluated by adjusting the fluid flow rate and operating the fluid at two distinct temperatures (60, 80 °C). The outcomes demonstrated that the convection heat transfer coefficient increased with a ratio reached 28.5% over the distilled water at the same temperature and flow rate. Both effectiveness and the Nusselt number had improved, coming in at 22.54% and 23.74%, respectively. Depending on the fluid concentration there is an increase in the pressure drop up to 24% than ordinary fluid. It discovered considerable agreement between the research outcomes by comparing them with earlier publications. An experimental correlation was inferred from the results to estimate the Nusselt number as a function of the Reynolds number and (Φ).

Analysis of heat transfer coefficient in radiator cooling system using TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid

The automotive industry is growing, encouraging more efficient car cooling systems, especially radiators. Innovations are constantly being made to improve the performance of radiators. Choosing the correct fluid is one of the ways to increase heat transfer. This study aimed to compare the performance of coolant OBC and TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid mixed with coolant OBC to investigate the increase in heat transfer in the car's radiator. The first step is to make TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid with a two-step method, with volume fraction variations of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0%, and observe stability for 30 days. Viscosity and thermal conductivity tests are used to assess the thermophysical properties of the sample. Hybrid fluid samples of TiO2 / CuO with a volume fraction of 5.0% showed the best stability and thermal conductivity, then were added to the coolant brand OBC (1:4). The results showed an increase in heat transfer rate of 23% and a heat transfer coefficient of 20% in the TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid added to the coolant OBC

An Automated Computational Fluid Dynamics Workflow for Simulating the Internal Flow of Race Car Radiators

In this article, we present a software tool developed in Python, named T-WorkFlow. It has been devised to meet some of the design needs of Tatuus Racing S.p.a., a leading company in the design and production of racing cars for the FIA Formula 3 Regional and Formula 4 categories. The software leverages the open-source tools OpenFOAM and FreeCAD to fully automate the fluid dynamics simulation process within car radiators. The goal of T-WorkFlow is to provide designers with precise and easily interpretable results that facilitate the identification of the geometry, ensuring optimal flow distribution in the radiator channels. T-WorkFlow requires the radiator’s geometry files in .stp and .stl formats, along with additional user inputs provided through a graphical interface. For mesh generation, the software leverages the OpenFOAM tools blockMesh and snappyHexMesh. To ensure uniform mesh quality across different configurations, and thus, comparable numerical results, various pre-processing operations on the specific geometry files are needed. After generating the mesh, T-WorkFlow automatically defines a control surface for each radiator channel to monitor the volumetric flow rate distribution. This is achieved by combining the OpenFOAM command topoSet with specific geometric information directly obtained from the radiator’s CAD through FreeCAD. During the simulation, the software provides various outputs that automate the main post-processing operations, enabling quick and easy identification of the configuration that ensures the desired performance.

Experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer characteristics of radiator using Graphene Amine-based nano coolant

This work presents experimental and numerical investigations on enhancing the heat transfer performance of automobile radiators with nano-coolant flowing with different mass flow rate and at different inlet temperatures conditions. Thermal management is critical as it dictates a system's overall power output, performance, efficiency and energy utilisation. Radiators and Thermal management systems for batteries are vital in keeping automobiles operating under optimal conditions. Conventional coolants lack the ability to keep up with the increasing performance requirements of thermal management systems. Nanocoolants represent a cutting-edge advancement in heat transfer fluid, boosting conductivity without compromising essential fluid dynamics of the cooling solutions. Several investigators have worked on various nanocoolants, but less work is done on radiators. In view of this, experimental and numerical investigations were done on radiator heat transfer performance using Graphene Amine based nanocoolant with varied coolant temperatures (50 °C–80 °C) and flow rates (3 l/min to 9 l/min). Thermophysical properties of nanocoolants, such as density, thermal conductivity, viscosity, specific heat, and Prandtl number, were determined by experimental and mathematical modelling techniques and were comparable with an average deviation of 5 %. Compared to the base fluids of De-ionised water and ethylene glycol combinations, Graphene Amine based nanocoolant has exhibited advancements in heat transfer properties, showing elevated Nusselt numbers, heat transfer coefficients and heat transfer rates. The investigation into the thermal transfer properties of nanocoolants utilizing theoretical and real-world experiments shows consistency with an average deviation of 20 %. Maximum heat transfer enhancement of 154.3 % and maximum heat transfer coefficient of 3209.52 W/m2K was found for Graphene Amine at 80 °C with coolant flowing at 9 l/min, which is 83.1 % higher when compared to De-ionised Water.

A Review on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Heat Exchanger

Compact heat exchanger is commonly used in car radiators which is normally small with low flowrate. To produce a large surface area, thin plates or corrugated fins are attached closely separating the two fluids. Compact heat exchanger is normally used in applications where weight and volume are the significant factors for the enhancement of heat transfer. This paper reviews the research related to the characteristics, advantages and findings on various type of compact heat exchanger. It is found that the geometric parameters such as fin shape, tube shape, fin pitch, tube pitch, tube arrangement, tube angle and vortex generators affect the heat transfer performance in general. The air inlet angle of 45° and common flow upstream gives the optimum heat enhancement in most studies while the most suitable air flow is between 1.8 – 3.8 m/s.

NUMERICAL MODELLING OF RADIATOR SYSTEM PERFORMANCE UNDER BAUCHI CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

The cooling system of the car plays a crucial role in managing the excess heat generated by the engine during its operation. Among its components, the radiator is pivotal for efficiently dissipating heat. However, the effectiveness of a radiator is influenced by various factors, including external conditions such as atmospheric temperature, humidity, and wind speed. This research aimed to understand the impact of Bauchi climatic conditions on automotive radiators. A comprehensive approach was employed, utilizing reverse engineering techniques to create a detailed model of a car radiator using SolidWorks, a computer-aided design (CAD) software. This model underwent simulations using ANSYS software with water as the coolant fluid. Environmental temperature, humidity, and wind speed data for Bauchi North and Bauchi South were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet). The simulation timeframe spanned from January to December. The study shows the effects of environmental temperature, humidity, and wind speed on radiator performance. The highest outlet temperature recorded was 43.50°C at a flow rate of 2500 kg/h in April, and the lowest outlet temperature was 40.01°C at a flow rate of 500 kg/h in Bauchi North. For Bauchi South, the highest outlet temperature was 40.98°C at a flow rate of 2500 kg/h in April, and the lowest was 37.12°C at a flow rate of 500 kg/h. This study highlights the pivotal role of Bauchi's atmospheric conditions in influencing radiator performance, emphasizing the interplay between environmental factors and engineering design in automotive cooling systems.

Analysis and Characterization of Coconut Shell Particulates Filled HDPE Composites

Abstract: This project mainly focuses on evaluating the mechanical property of composite material that consist of High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and Coconut shell powder (CS). The matrix material is High-density polyethylene (HDPE), and reinforcement is Coconut Shell (CS) particles were created with varying weight percentages (0, 10, 20 and 30wt. percent) using the injection molding process and were tested for strength. The elemental compositions of HDPE/CS new composites were investigated mechanical characterization and FEA software analysis. The varies wt. % such that (0,10,20, and 30 wt%) CS particulates-filled HDPE composite revealed the maximum compressive strength, Shore A hardness, Tensile test, Flexural test was founded. Then the Catia V5 software FEA structural analysis test was conducted such that structural analysis and thermal analysis. The HDPE/CS composites would be utilized for applications requiring low strength rack and pinion gear, light weight, electrical insulating component, home appliances, automobile interior parts, low power transmission spur gears, automobile brake fluid reservoir, automobile radiator water storage tank

Impact of Navier’s Slip and MHD on a Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Porous Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Heat Transfer

The main objective of this study is to explore the inventive conception of the magnetohydrodynamic flow of a hybrid nanofluid over-porous stretching/shrinking sheet with the effect of radiation and mass suction/injection. The hybrid nanofluid advances both the manufactured nanofluid of the current region and the base fluid. For the current investigation, hybrid nanofluids comprising two different kinds of nanoparticles, aluminium oxide and ferrofluid, contained in water as a base fluid, are considered. A collection of highly nonlinear partial differential equations is used to model the whole physical problem. These equations are then transformed into highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations using an appropriate similarity technique. The transformed differential equations are nonlinear, and thus it is difficult to analytically solve considering temperature increases. Then, the outcome is described in incomplete gamma function form. The considered physical parameters namely, magnetic field, Inverse Darcy number, velocity slip, suction/injection, temperature jump effects on velocity, temperature, skin friction and Nusselt number profiles are reviewed using plots. The results reveal that magnetic field, and Inverse Darcy number values increase as the momentum boundary layer decreases. Moreover, higher values of heat sources and thermal radiation enhance the thermal boundary layer. The present problem has various applications in manufacturing and technological devices such as cooling systems, condensers, microelectronics, digital cooling, car radiators, nuclear power stations, nano-drag shipments, automobile production, and tumour treatments.

Effect of the tube material on the thermal performance of automobile (radiator) of cooling system

Effect of the tube material on the thermal performance of automobile (radiator) of cooling system

Experimental investigation of air jet impingement cooling in car radiator with hollow cone nozzle plate spacing using nanofluids

Experimental investigation of air jet impingement cooling in car radiator with hollow cone nozzle plate spacing using nanofluids

Convective heat transfer by nanofluid jet impingement cooling on automobile radiator with nozzle plate spacing

Nanofluids are a type of emerging heat transfer fluid with great promise for thermal engineering due to its high heat transfer coefficients. Improving heat transmission remains an ongoing task in engineering fields as diverse as semiconductor technology and high-performance vehicles. This paper investigates and compares the jet impact heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, and viscosity of nanofluids with those of a base fluid in an automobile radiator with nozzle plate spacing. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and deionised water were selected as the working fluids, and they were used in varying quantities ranging from 0 to 1 volume percent. The nanofluids were prepared using a two-step method with the aid of an ultrasonic homogeniser. The results reveal that the heat transfer coefficient increased by 11.68% at a nanofluid concentration of 1% when nanoparticles were suspended in the base fluid. Furthermore, a 45-49% improvement in the heat transfer coefficient was recorded using a nanoparticle volume concentration of 1% compared to the base fluid.

Comparison of experimental results with numerical simulation of thermal performance in car radiator using MWCNT/EG/water nanofluid

Comparison of experimental results with numerical simulation of thermal performance in car radiator using MWCNT/EG/water nanofluid

Purification and investigation of bio-glycerol as heat transfer fluid and as coolant in automobile radiators

Glycerol is a key by product of the biodiesel extraction process. The rapid growth of biodiesel establishments will continue to result in glycerol oversupply. Purified glycerol can be used as an antifreeze in automotive radiators since it has a freezing point of −30 °C and a boiling temperature of 160 °C. Heat transfer by automotive radiators is important in optimizing engine fuel economy. The goal of this research is to employ purified bio glycerol as a heat transfer fluid and a coolant in vehicle radiators. The proposed water mixed bio glycerol convective heat transfer rate is experimentally compared to standard ethylene glycol. The rate of heat transfer by bio glycerol is determined by passing the fluid through an automobile radiator test apparatus. For this objective, an Automobile Radiator test rig is devised and built. Experiments with distilled water blended bio-glycerol in volume ratios of 50:50, 70:30, and 60:40 were carried out, and the test findings revealed that the 70:30 water bio glycerol volume ratio created a higher heat transfer rate when compared to the water ethylene glycol mixture.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Latent Heat Recovery Employed with Teg Module and Waste Heat Recovery from Automobile Radiator

Abstract: Providing good and best solutions to everyday problems varies day by day with the evolving technologies. The solution pertaining to the problemsassociated with the exhaust gases from the automobile or other such equipment‘s revolves around only on the ways of reducing the pollution. Many designs and developments are also made in terms of alternative energies at low cost. One such ideology is to recover and reuse the energy that is exhibited out in the form of liquid or heat. Waste heat recovery will be a new energy source. Thermal fluid flow heat recovery system fromAutomobile radiator with internal and external tubes is one such option While most of the state of art papers considers only the waste heat as energy source, this thesis discusses the usage of phase changing materials in the external fluid flow tubes in heating and cooling paths. Both the static and dynamic nature of the energy is used in the work.

Experimental Investigation for Enhancement of Heat Transfer Coefficient in Car Radiator by Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Nanofluid

Improving heat transfer coefficient is a significant subject of study in many engineering domains. The use of nanofluids in car radiators might boost the heat transfer coefficient. The current study investigates a car's radiator's heat transfer coefficient and thermal conductivity. The heat transmission parameters of a car radiator were analyzed for coolant mass flow rates ranging from 600 to 1200 liters/hour and nanofluid concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 0.8% by volume. The primary coolant was prepared by combining water and ethylene glycol in a 60:40% combination with multi-walled carbon nanotube nanoparticles. The coolant's input temperatures were varied between 30 °C and 80 °C by impinging an air jet into the car radiator through a hallow cone nozzle plate with and without spacing. The result demonstrates that the volume flow rate of coolant on the tube side increases considerably as the heat transfer coefficient increases. At a nanoparticle concentration of 0.8 vol. %, the nanofluid's total heat transfer coefficient is enhanced by 12% compared with the base fluid. The heat transfer coefficient is improved by 42.6% for 0.8% volume of MWNCT nanofluid without spacing of the hallow cone nozzle plate and by 51.9% with spacing of the hallow cone nozzle plate.

INVESTIGATION OF WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS USING THERMO-ELECTRIC GENERATORS AND SIMULATIONS FOR USED AUTOMOBILE RADIATORS

Providing good and best solutions to everyday problems varies day by day with the evolving technologies. The solution pertaining to the problems associated with the exhaust gases from the automobile or other such equipments revolves around only on the ways of reducing the pollution. Many designs and developments are also made in terms of alternative energies at low cost. One such ideology is to recover and reuse the energy that is exhibited out in the form of liquid or heat. Waste heat recovery will be a new energy source. Thermal fluid flow heat recovery system from Automobile radiator with internal and external tubes is one such option .While most of the state of art papers considers only the waste heat as energy source, this thesis discusses the usage of phase changing materials in the external fluid flow tubes in heating and cooling paths. Both the static and dynamic nature of the energy is used in the work. Design and development of heat energy recovery system from the air cooled radiator is made. The system is very challenging and it plays a major role in the works where the heat energy is recovered as electrical energy which paves way for an additional usage of TEG. Key Words: Thermoelectric generator,radiator,phase change material, energy conservation

Thermal performance of a motile-microorganism within the two-phase nanofluid flow for the distinct non-Newtonian models on static and moving surfaces

Nanofluid plays a crucial role in addressing the heat transmission challenges facing the industries including chemical processing systems, automobile radiators, spacecraft design, concrete heating, solar thermal conversion systems, etc. Consequently, this research is devoted to analyzing the solar radiation mechanism, thermophoresis and Brownian motion under unique conditions, specifically, temperature gradient within liquids with limiting viscosities or plastic dynamic viscosity at zero and infinite shear rate. To increase the model novelty, a model involving two phases of Casson–Carreau fluid conveying tiny particles is developed to analyze the flow of solar radiation mechanism over stationary and moving surfaces. Furthermore, the impacts of heat generation, chemical reaction and activation energy are also taken into account. The dimensionless equations are solved through numerical methods using the Galerkin-weighted residual technique and analytically employing the Homotopy analysis method with the assistance of MATHMATIACA 11.3 software. Our study reveals that the fluid temperature reduces for greater values of Weissenberg number, and Casson parameter. Additionally, the distribution of gyrotactic microorganisms decreased against the bio-convective Schmidt number and Peclet number.

Thermal Performance of Nanofluid in Automobile Radiator

Thermal Performance of Nanofluid in Automobile Radiator

CFD Analysis of Automobile Radiator Performance: Investigation of Heat Input, Mass Flow Rate, and Coating Thickness Effects

This research paper delves into the realm of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis to optimize the thermal performance of automobile radiators through the application of coatings. The study focuses on the impact of three different coating sizes, namely 50 micrometres, 80 micrometres, and 100 micrometres, aiming to enhance heat transfer efficiency and overall radiator performance. To systematically investigate the influence of these coatings on thermal behaviour, the L9 Orthogonal array is employed as a robust experimental design. The experimental methodology involves simulating the radiator's heat dissipation capabilities using CFD techniques, considering the interaction of fluid dynamics and heat transfer within the coated radiator. The L9 Orthogonal array provides a systematic and efficient approach to conducting experiments, allowing for the exploration of various coating combinations and their effects on thermal performance. The research not only analyses the impact of different coating sizes on the overall heat transfer efficiency but also seeks to identify optimal combinations that yield superior results. Insights gained from this study contribute to the development of advanced thermal management strategies in automotive engineering, aiming to enhance the cooling efficiency of radiators while maintaining operational and material constraints. Key findings highlight the significant role that coating thickness plays in augmenting the heat dissipation capabilities of automobile radiators. The outcomes of this research bear implications for the automotive industry, guiding future design considerations for improved radiator performance in terms of heat transfer efficiency, energy consumption, and overall system sustainability.

Augmenting the heat transfer performance of automobile radiators by combining surface modification and nanofluid techniques

Augmenting the heat transfer performance of automobile radiators by combining surface modification and nanofluid techniques