Car Factories Research Articles

Research on the Relationship Between Word-of-Mouth, Perceived Risk, and Customized Demand on the Willingness to Refit Scooter

<p>現今使用機車移動代步已成為台灣大眾生活中不可或缺的一部分，而機車改裝在台灣一直存在但並不被大眾所了解，直到近幾年網路自媒體的發展，很多改裝車廠透過上傳講解機車改裝及機車改裝過程的影片，讓機車改裝開始被大眾所知。因此本研究平時消費者對於口碑及購買決策前的知覺風險是否會影響機車的改裝意願？及消費者客製化需求的程度是否會干擾其改裝機車的意願？因此本研究將針對此主題進行研究。</p> <p>本研究透過網路及實體在機車行發放問卷，針對平常使用機車代步且無改裝機車經驗者做為調查對象，共蒐集了458位做為研究樣本。實證結果顯示知覺風險會正向影響口碑對機車改裝意願，但客製化需求並不會對知覺風險及機車改裝意願產生干擾效果之影響。</p> <p> </p><p>Nowadays, the use of scooter for mobility has become an indispensable part of the lives of the general public in Taiwan. scooter modification has al-ways existed in Taiwan but was not well understood by the general public. Un-til the development of Internet self-media in recent years, many refitting car factories explained scooter through uploading. Videos of refitting and loco-motive refitting process made locomotive refitting known to the public. Therefore, this research focuses on whether consumers’ perception of word-of-mouth and perceived risk before purchasing decisions will affect their willing-ness to refit motorcycles? And whether the degree of customization needs of consumers will interfere with their willingness to spend money on re-fitting motorcycles? Therefore, this research will Do research on this topic.</p> <p>In this study, questionnaires were distributed in motorcycle shops through the Inter-net and entities, and the respondents who usually use motorcycles for transportation and have no experience in modifying motorcycles were used as the survey objects. A total of 458 people were collected as research samples. The empirical results show that perceived risk will positively affect word-of-mouth’s willingness to modify motorcycles, but customized needs will not have an interfering effect on perceived risk and willingness to modify mo-torcycles.</p> <p> </p>

Waste Coir Nanofiller Fused Gallus-Gallus Fibres Reinforced PMC

This research aims to increase the utility of globally and abundantly available waste natural fibres of Gallus-Gallus fibres coir waste from mattress and car seat manufacturing factories. The composite samples were prepared with a rally round of polyester resin of grade GP500 bio-epoxy by synthesizing specially treated Gallus-Gallus fibres selectively used for reinforcement and characterizing them through static and dynamic mechanical analyses to identify their wide range of applicability. The Gallus-Gallus fibres are preprocessed with sodium oxidative and a half per cent of potassium manganate (VII) chemical solution. The selective use includes 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm length of the Gallus-Gallus fibre, and the quantity of reinforcement was 10%, 20%, and 30%. Five alternate layers of matrix and fibres, with vertical and horizontal orientation, are considered; 12 different samples of Gallus-Gallus fibres reinforced polyester polymer composites and a neat polyester composites were synthesized and characterized for moisture absorbability, tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, wear resistance, and outperformed composites were included in microscopic examination and dynamic Mmchanical analysis. The interesting results are the preferred resin, supported for good surface finish, interface bonding, and totally in the enhancement of Composite properties. The composites are strong in tension (760.89 MPa) and sufficiently flexible (flexural modulus 5441.32 MPa), absorbed less moisture (5.8 g), high wear-resistant (least weight loss upon abrasion with a value of 0.1989 g), secured good results in dynamic analysis, and ensured homogeneous distribution of fibres in the matrix through a scanning electron microscopy image. The composites CPPC10, CPPC11, and CPPC12 performed well but composite CPPC12 outperformed.

GLOBAL CHIP SUPPLY ENSUREMENT DURING THE SHORT PERIOD

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the global chip supply chain. Shortage of electronic components was first noticed in car factories, and then in the entire electronics industry. The US, Taiwan and China are the largest markets for semiconductor manufacturers, which are no longer able to meet the everincreasing demand for chips. Lack of production capacity is mostly felt by consumers of final products. Ensuring a steady supply of chips is an important task for major manufacturers. In order to ensure the supply of chips, it is important to establish criteria by which semiconductor manufacturing countries can be arranged. The ranking will help identify the countries that are worth investing the most in the short term. The European Union, the United States and major telecommunications companies will invest billions of dollars in 2022 to replenish the market. The article analyzes the criteria for investing in chipproducing countries. The main focus of this analysis is the chip supply chain. Each of the analyzed countries has at least one stage of chip production: design, manufacturing or assembly. Data analyzed: gross domestic product, net exports, price of one dollar in relation to the national currency, monthly average wages, Oxford COVID-19 government response severity index and semiconductor export volume. These criteria allow us to rank countries from the most attractive to the least attractive for investment. The TOPSIS method was chosen for ranking, but comparative data analysis and analysis of scientific literature and other sources of information were also applied. Method principle, formulas and application – to be described. It was determined which country is the most favorable for short-term investments, taking into account the given criteria.

An Ecocritical Look at Flint's Water Crisis and Afro-Gothic Liquidity

Abstract In 2014, as a cost-saving measure, Flint, Michigan, switched its water supply to the Flint River — the unofficial toxic waste disposal site for meatpacking plants, car factories, and lumber and paper mills, as well as the city's depository of agricultural and urban runoff and untreated raw sewage. In what may be viewed as the Gothic trope of the “poisoned well,” the Flint water crisis has directly affected a mostly African American population where 45 percent of Flint's residents are living below the poverty line. This essay positions the Flint water crisis in conversation with artist Pope.L, who in 2017 created an installation/performance/marketplace in which he bottled the noxious water shuttled to Flint residents and sold it to willing buyers. I consider the aesthetics and performativity of Pope.L's Flint Water Project alongside the nautical world-building of Drexciya and the aquatic hybrid figures in Wangechi Mutu's work. This assembly offers a speculative approach to an Afro-Gothic liquidity through an understanding of black geophysics as an embodiment of alluvial monstrosities and aquatic refusals.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ АВТОМОБІЛЕБУДІВНОГО СЕКТОРУ КИТАЮ

China's automotive industry is recovering rapidly in 2022 and is directly affecting the economies of many countries, and the electric car market is competing with the world's largest car companies and is the most promising for investment. Cars have revolutionized the concept of mobility, making it easier for goods and people to move around geographical regions than ever before. Over the decades, developed countries have witnessed how increased vehicle ownership and improved transport infrastructure have led to countering urbanization - the migration of people, businesses and industry from cities to the recently underdeveloped suburbs. This trend is spreading to emerging economies. There is one car for every five people worldwide; in the US there is one car for 1.25 citizens. However, in China, despite the 300 million cars per 1,000 people, there are only 173 cars. But, in 2009, the Chinese car market became the largest in the world, surpassing the US market in both sales and production. The automotive industry has provided 5% of the country's annual GDP annually since 2002, and accounted for 7.4% of GDP in 2010. Cars can improve the quality of life by increasing mobility, comfort and safety.
 For the Chinese society, the automotive industry has always been an attractive topic. On the one hand, this industry has long remained outside the system of state planning. Due to the emphasis on industrial capital goods rather than consumer goods, the passenger vehicle sector (including car manufacturing) has not been a key industry for decades, which is a typical Gerschenkron strategy of industrialization. It was only after China's "automotive policy of 1994" that car production was recognized as a national industry, along with the entire automotive sector. This, in turn, has led not only to an increase in the number of car factories, but also to a deterioration of the air in the country. This, of course, had an additional negative impact on people's lives, forcing them to leave the city to live in cleaner areas.

Jack Saunders, Assembling Cultures: Workplace Activism, Labour Militancy and Culture Change in Britain’s Car Factories, 1945–82

Jack Saunders, Assembling Cultures: Workplace Activism, Labour Militancy and Culture Change in Britain’s Car Factories, 1945–82

A new conceptual model for assessing the role of knowledge cloud in stimulating subordinate creativity

PurposeThe knowledge cloud links people and ideas while also providing worldwide resources for putting them into action. This paper aims to see how the knowledge cloud affects the stimulation of subordinate creativity. The impact of the knowledge cloud on transformational leadership and its impacts on subordinate creativity are examined in this investigation. Also, this study checks out the influence of knowledge cloud on motivational goal orientation and the impact of motivational goal orientation on subordinate creativity. It investigates the influence of knowledge cloud on self-efficacy and feelings of it on subordinate creativity. Moreover, this research examines the impact of the knowledge cloud on employee empowerment and its impact on subordinate creativity.Design/methodology/approachKnowledge sharing is known as a human rationale for information. It promotes learning, human performance, decision-making and problem-solving at the job; thus, innovation and creativity need novel knowledge. Knowledge cloud is a knowledge source that provides a base for knowledge co-creation. This investigation explores the structural relationships among knowledge cloud, transformational leadership, motivational goal orientation, self-efficacy, employee empowerment and subordinate creativity. Here, a model is improved and experimentally examined based on the knowledge cloud, transformational leadership, motivational goal orientation, self-efficacy and employee empowerment to improve subordinate creativity using partial least squares (PLS) and data from car factories' employees in Beijing.FindingsThe study results show that knowledge cloud, transformational leadership, motivational goal orientation, self-efficacy and employee empowerment are strongly related to subordinate creativity. In addition to using the Sobel test, all four variables' mediating role (transformational leadership, motivational goal orientation, self-efficacy and employee empowerment) is confirmed.Practical implicationsA knowledge cloud can improve the stimulating subordinate creativity of employees through transformational leadership, motivational goal orientation, self-efficacy and employee empowerment. First, the human resources department must have some programs to improve the knowledge cloud's incentive. Second, creating an atmosphere of cooperation and trust among employees should enhance the knowledge cloud's effects.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that addresses the knowledge cloud's role in subordinate creativity in firms. This investigation also assists the creativity literature by testing the mediating effect of motivational goal orientation, transformational leadership, feelings of self-efficacy and employee empowerment.

The Vulcan Works, Southport: The Archaeology of an Edwardian Car Factory

ABSTRACT The widespread adoption of the motor car had what was perhaps the greatest impact on the physical and social landscape of 20th-century Britain, and yet virtually none of the early car factories have been subject to formal archaeological investigation. In 2019–20, Salford Archaeology carried out a comprehensive survey of the former Vulcan Works, a purpose-built factory that was erected near Southport in 1907 by Thomas and Joseph Hampson, two pioneers of the British motor-manufacturing industry. Initially, this ‘state-of-the-art’ factory comprised an architecturally impressive two-storey office with a single-storey machine and erecting shop to the rear, together with the associated power plant. Extensive additions had increased the size of the works to more than 3.6ha by 1924, and whilst the buildings were repurposed as a general engineering works in 1937, the original Edwardian car factory remained largely unaltered. The archaeological survey, coupled with historical research and limited excavation, has provided a unique record of a rare survivor of Britain’s fledgling car-manufacturing industry prior to its demolition.

СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ АВТОМОБІЛЕБУДІВНОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ КИТАЮ

The engineering industry, including the automotive industry, belongs to the strategic branches of the country’s economy and to a large extent determines the level of development. The Chinese automobile industry dates back to 1953, and the first automobile factory, the First Automobile Works (FAW), was started in Beijing. Over the next few years, several more car factories were established in Nanjing, Khanhai, Jinan and Beijing. The requirements of funds, technologies and automotive modernization stimulated the attraction of external investment. A number of restrictive measures have been adopted to curb external competition, reduce car imports and attract innovative technologies, including high tariff and non-tariff barriers, screening, and restrictions on foreign capital, Limiting market share to foreign companies. When signing the joint-venture agreement, the Chinese side insisted on technology transfer and subordination to the Chinese leadership. Volkswagen first built a car factory in China. Today almost every progressive car company is represented in the Chinese car market, such as Mercedes-Bens, Ford, General Motors, Suzuki, Daihatsu, Honda, Subaru, Citreon, Toyota. Most of them have partnerships with one of China’s top three car manufacturers. American, European, and Japanese automakers see China as a promising market as demand for vehicles in the US and Europe shrinks. To the Chinese automobile market, the cars are made according to the requirements of the local consumer – conservative, with high-quality design, low and middle price segment. Since 2009, foreign automobile companies have accounted for 85% of the Chinese car market. About 60% of the cars sold in China are locally produced. However, China’s automobile industry is highly fragmented and mostly consists of small companies that produce a small range of components. Such production is labour-intensive with relatively low use of advanced technologies compared to car manufacturers in developed countries, often lacking economies of scale. Research expenditure accounts for a large part of the expenditure structure. Most companies produce low-tech parts with significant import presence.

Hydrological modelling for flood forecasting in Kénitra catchments, Western of Morocco

The Kenitra city located in western of Morocco. It is a port on the Sbu river, has a population in 2014 of 431,282. This city has known a rapid growth in the number of inhabitants due to the migration of the surrounding villages, as well as the growth of a group of industrial activities, as this city is the third economic city in Morocco, as it contains the third industrial zone in Morocco, this region follows the activity of car factories. Given its social and economic importance, protecting it from flood risks is a priority for decision-makers. In this paper, we developed a hydrological model using HEC-HMS tools for the purpose of protecting human life and economic activities from the risk of floods. The forecast model has been used in order to identify and regions at risk from flooding and to take other precautions to protect life. Additionally, a forecast can provide the basis for preparing critical infrastructure for floods in order to minimize damage.

Cost of quality system in passenger car plant: a methodology of implementation

The purpose of this research is to provide methodological adjustments or procedures for installation steps and the implementation of a quality cost system, including adjusting the quality cost calculation model for the automotive manufacturing industry, especially passenger car factories. A literature review approach is used and pilot studies are chosen for empirical aspects of research to enrich the mix of qualitative and quantitative data. Although the literature review shows that many experts write similar research, adjusting the quality cost model is still recommended. The results of the pilot study explain that the implementation of quality costs at an early stage is considered sufficient until reporting. Further research is advised to practice tracking quality costs. Research starts from preparation to reporting on quality costs. The scope of research is limited to quality costs in the operational area (production). The methodology for implementing a quality cost system can guide organizations to get an internal view of quality costs. This research confirms that organizations do need to modify the available quality cost models according to the organization’s goals, needs, and environment. Thus, the simple models offered in this research are both valuable and contribute to quality economic literature.

Process Efficiency Analysis of Selected Automotive Companies in Europe

The automotive industry has lately been undergoing major changes having a considerable impact on the whole vehicle sector. This does not only refer to what is technologically new on vehicles themselves, but also to the new modern management methods, frequently associated with the Industry 4.0 concept. As well as other companies, car factories are pushing their costs downwards to increase their production efficiency. This paper analyses the economic situation of 5 car manufacturers, two of which having their factories in the Czech Republic and three in Germany. The task was to ascertain efficiency of individual companies in order to propose possible improvements. To do this, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for two models (CCR - model based on Charnes, Cooper & Rhodes and BCC - model based on Banker, Charnes & Cooper) was used. The BCC model was found to be more applicable to the established efficiencies, than the CCR one.

Jack Saunders, Assembling Cultures: Workplace Activism, Labour Militancy and Cultural Change in Britain’s Car Factories, 1945–82,

Jack Saunders, <i>Assembling Cultures: Workplace Activism, Labour Militancy and Cultural Change in Britain’s Car Factories, 1945–82,</i>

Assembling Cultures: Workplace Activism, Labour Militancy and Cultural Change in Britain's Car Factories, 1945-82. By Jack Saunders

<i>Assembling Cultures: Workplace Activism, Labour Militancy and Cultural Change in Britain's Car Factories, 1945-82</i>. By Jack Saunders

Upgrading and the geography of the Hungarian automotive industry in the context of the fourth industrial revolution

The present study focuses on the geographical investigation of the automotive industry in Hungary that has been integrated into the global production networks as a relevant sector of the reindustrialization in East- Central Europe. The aim of the paper is to reveal the dominant spatial trends in this sector since the economic crisis of 2008, and how these are connected to the issue of upgrading influenced also by digitalization. The analysis is primarily based on the official industrial employment data however other secondary sources are also used. It has been stated that the growth of the Hungarian automotive industry showing to the direction of geographical concentration and expansion is accompanied by the regional stability of the sector. Quality indicators expressing upgrading indicate correlation with the spatiality of car factories and Tier 1 suppliers carrying out more complex activities, but a more significant functional upgrading is only realised in the capital city with increasingly research-development focused profile. Results suggest only moderate upgrading despite the gradual adaptation of Industry 4.0 technologies.

Causes of Loss Competitivenesses of the Company Ford in the Russian Federation

The departure of large foreign car manufacturers from the Russian market negatively affects all partners and interested parties car dealers, suppliers, employees, buyers and fans of brands of departed companies. This departure became even more painful for Ford itself, which leaves the domestic market with a loss of $ 500 million, which is 14% of the total annual profit of Ford Motor Co. in 2018 This sad event was caused by a number of circumstances: the consequences of the global financial crisis, the devaluation of the national currency, the decline in sales in the Russian car market, company errors in pricing, marketing policies and updating the model range, in assessing the prospects for marketing products and creating excess production capacities, as well as refusal to independently manage Russian business and the choice for this Russian partner in a joint venture. A close study of the reasons that forced the recent leader of the Russian car market to Ford to close its car factories and stop selling them in Russia is presented in the article. Particular attention is paid to the development of the domestic car market, the development of effective competition strategies in the face of falling household incomes and rising product prices, state support for the domestic auto industry, as well as the specifics of creating joint ventures in the Russian Federation and assessing the resource capabilities of joint venture partners.

Evaluation of LoRa-based Air Pollution Monitoring System

Air pollution is a threat to human health and the environment. Pollution caused by harmful gases emitted from car exhausts, factories, forest fires and other sources. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide are the main elements of air pollution. Serious air pollution may cause harm to our health, thus, a real-time air pollution system to measure existing pollution is needed to classify the pollution level so that appropriate actions can be taken. In a high density area, a big number of sensor nodes are deployed to cover such places and to allow high range communication between nodes and a gateway. This paper presents a real-time and long range air pollution monitoring system for indoor and outdoor environments. The system implemented a wireless sensor network using LoRa technology for data communication between all nodes and sensors. The system consists of three nodes distributed within 900m distance to gateway for measuring the concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide. Experimental results show the system is reliable in both indoor and outdoor applications. The distance coverage achieved up to 900m and can be displayed through a web-based system. The experiment with LoRa transmission has shown that the LoRa technology is very suitable for the air pollution system especially in long range transmission compared to other wireless transmission techniques.

Ulrich Jürgens e Martin Krzywdzinski. New worlds of work: varieties of work in car factories in the BRIC countries

Resenha de New worlds of work: varieties of work in car factories in BRIC countries

Start-up and tendencies of the development of Polish automotive industry

The engineering industry, including the automotive industry, belongs to the strategic branches of the country’s economy and to a large extent determines the level of development. The Chinese automobile industry dates back to 1953, and the first automobile factory, the First Automobile Works (FAW), was started in Beijing. Over the next few years, several more car factories were established in Nanjing, Khanhai, Jinan and Beijing. The requirements of funds, technologies and automotive modernization stimulated the attraction of external investment. A number of restrictive measures have been adopted to curb external competition, reduce car imports and attract innovative technologies, including high tariff and non-tariff barriers, screening, and restrictions on foreign capital, Limiting market share to foreign companies. When signing the joint-venture agreement, the Chinese side insisted on technology transfer and subordination to the Chinese leadership. Volkswagen first built a car factory in China. Today almost every progressive car company is represented in the Chinese car market, such as Mercedes-Bens, Ford, General Motors, Suzuki, Daihatsu, Honda, Subaru, Citreon, Toyota. Most of them have partnerships with one of China’s top three car manufacturers. American, European, and Japanese automakers see China as a promising market as demand for vehicles in the US and Europe shrinks. To the Chinese automobile market, the cars are made according to the requirements of the local consumer – conservative, with high-quality design, low and middle price segment. Since 2009, foreign automobile companies have accounted for 85% of the Chinese car market. About 60% of the cars sold in China are locally produced. However, China’s automobile industry is highly fragmented and mostly consists of small companies that produce a small range of components. Such production is labour-intensive with relatively low use of advanced technologies compared to car manufacturers in developed countries, often lacking economies of scale. Research expenditure accounts for a large part of the expenditure structure. Most companies produce low-tech parts with significant import presence.

Ulrich Jürgens, Martin Krzywdzinski, The new worlds of work: Varieties of work in car factories in the BRIC countries

Ulrich Jürgens, Martin Krzywdzinski, <i>The new worlds of work: Varieties of work in car factories in the BRIC countries</i>