Carbon Dioxide Capture Research Articles

An exhaustive review of carbon dioxide capture through the utilization of chemical solvents via absorption

An exhaustive review of carbon dioxide capture through the utilization of chemical solvents via absorption

Structural Snapshots of Reversible Carbon Dioxide Capture and (De)oxygenation at Group 14 Diradicaloids.

Although diradicals should exhibit a rather small reaction barrier as compared to closed-shell species for activating kinetically inert molecules, the activation and functionalization of carbon dioxide with stable main-group diradicals remain virtually unexplored. In this work, we present a thorough study on CO2 activation, reversible capture, and (de)oxygenation mediated by stable Group 14 singlet diradicals (i.e., diradicaloids) [(ADC)E]2 (E = Si, Ge, Sn) based on an anionic dicarbene (ADC) framework (ADC = PhC{N(Dipp)C}2; Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3). [(ADC)E]2 readily undergo [4 + 2]-cycloadditions with CO2 to result in barrelene-type bis-metallylenes [(ADC)E]2(OC═O). The CO2 addition is reversible for E = Ge; thus, CO2 detaches under vacuum or at an elevated temperature and regenerates [(ADC)Ge]2. [(ADC)Sn]2(OC═O) is isolable but deoxygenates additional CO2 to form [(ADC)Sn]2(O2CO) and CO. [(ADC)Si]2(OC═O) is extremely reactive and could not be isolated or detected as it spontaneously reacts further with CO2 to yield elusive monomeric Si(IV) oxides [(ADC)Si(O)]2(COn) or carbonates [(ADC)Si(CO3)]2(COn) (n = 1 or 2) via the (de)oxygenation of CO2. The molecular structures of all isolated compounds have been established by X-ray diffraction, and a mechanistic insight of their formation has been suggested by DFT calculations.

High Efficiency Mixed Amine Adsorbents for Directly Capturing Carbon Dioxide from Air

High Efficiency Mixed Amine Adsorbents for Directly Capturing Carbon Dioxide from Air

Developing Heterogeneous Catalysts for Reverse Water–Gas Shift Reaction in CO2 Valorization

Abstract Carbon dioxide capture and utilization (CCU) in chemical processes is vital for achieving sustainable and economically viable solutions in the context of climate change mitigation. This review focuses on the reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction as a promising pathway for converting CO₂ into carbon monoxide (CO), which can subsequently be used as a precursor for the synthesis of various hydrocarbon compounds. The discussion centers on catalyst design strategies aimed at enhancing the low-temperature activity of the RWGS reaction, emphasizing the roles of catalyst supports and active sites. Key approaches include increasing surface area, introducing defect sites, and improving the redox properties of the catalysts. Methods for controlling the adsorption strength of gas reactants and products to enhance CO selectivity are explored, with particular attention to the use of ligands, promoters, doping, and advanced structures such as single-atom or core–shell configurations. Considerations regarding catalyst durability in reducing environments and the development of economically feasible catalysts are also addressed. Well-designed catalysts for the RWGS reaction offer significant advantages in CO₂ valorization, as the conversion of CO₂ to hydrocarbons is more readily achieved starting from CO.

Water adsorption within PIM-1 polymer and CAU-23 MOF material from osmotic molecular dynamics simulations

Abstract In the context of post-combustion carbon dioxide capture, the existence of the Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) transparency effect, which can enhance carbon dioxide uptake under humid conditions, was recently demonstrated. It is, therefore, essential to first determine the water adsorption capacity within the MOF. In this work, the CAU-23 MOF material, which appears to possess the main chemical and structural characteristics necessary for MOF transparency to occur, was considered. In addition, Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) is now considered on an industrial scale for shaping purposes. Among polymers, the intrinsically microporous polymer PIM-1 has shown interesting adhesion properties with MOF surfaces. Thus, before investigating what happens within the MMM, we aim to examine the water adsorption within the bulk CAU-23 and PIM-1 materials using the recently developed osmotic molecular dynamics simulations. These preliminary results show that CAU-23 could be a promising material for enhancing the MOF’s transparency and increasing $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 uptake. Graphic abstract

Carbon dioxide capture in sodium carbonate solution: Mass transfer kinetics and DTAC surfactant enhancement mechanism

Sodium carbonate solvent absorbent has been widely studied for CO2 reduction to deal with global warming because of its green, low cost, and non-corrosive advantages. However, in the application of sodium carbonate as an absorbent for CO2 capture, there is no unified cognition of the mass transfer process, which leads to the lack of guidance for the industrial large-scale process. Moreover, the mechanism of mass transfer enhancement of surfactants, which can effectively improve the mass transfer performance, has not been effectively explored in the literature. Based on this, this paper firstly adopts the molecular dynamics method to analyze the solution characteristics after surfactant addition and optimize the surfactant. Subsequently, a classical dissolved oxygen test method was used to measure the gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient for CO2 absorption into sodium carbonate solution. And based on this mass transfer coefficient measurement method, the mass transfer process of sodium carbonate solution with surfactant was analyzed. The results showed that the sodium carbonate solution with 5 wt% concentration and 10 wt% concentration at 30 °C did not satisfy the pseudo first-order fast chemical reaction kinetics assumption. To improve CO2 absorption mass transfer rate, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC) surfactant was introduced, which was improved by 119 % compared with non-enhanced solvent at 5 wt% concentration solution, and the assumption of pseudo first order fast chemical reaction was satisfied. After the introduction of surfactant, the barrier effect decreased the liquid phase mass transfer coefficient, but the Marangoni effect happened in the 5 wt% concentration of sodium carbonate solution, which enhanced the liquid-phase mass-transfer coefficient. This finding reveals the mechanism of mass transfer promotion of sodium carbonate by the surfactant DTAC, which is of great engineering significance for the application in the field of decarbonization after the introduction of surfactant.

Design, multi-aspect investigation and economic advantages of an innovative CCHP system using geothermal energy, CO2 recovery using a cryogenic process, and methanation process with zero CO2 footprint

The significance of devoting attention to environmental pollution control strategies is widely recognized as an effective means of mitigating the harmful environmental effects caused by fossil fuels in industrial and power plant sectors. Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and recovery technologies have opened up the possibility of utilizing this pollutant gas. Hence, the current study suggests a methodology for the CO2 hydrogenation of the flue gas leaving a power plant. This approach facilitates methane generation via a methanation reactor, subsequently is utilized as fuel for a power plant. For this purpose, a cryogenic method using liquefied natural gas cold energy facilitates CO2 recovery. Moreover, the whole system utilizes geothermal energy to launch a power plant for power generation and supply the power demands of a hydrogen production unit, relying on a water electrolysis process. The hydrogen generated is employed for CO2 hydrogenation, while the oxygen produced is utilized for the combustion reaction. Heating provider units and an absorption chiller are also included in the design. The system is modeled utilizing Aspen HYSYS software. This study incorporates a sensitivity analysis alongside energy, exergy, environmental, and economic assessments. The energy and exergy efficiencies, as determined by the thermodynamic analysis, are 30.87% and 48.61%, respectively. Additionally, according to the economic study, the levelized energy cost amounts to 16.65 $/MWh, demonstrating a substantial reduction of 87.6% compared to the power generation mode. One notable merit of the suggested system lies in its zero CO2 footprint framework, showing a noteworthy supremacy when compared with previous studies.

Decoding the mechanisms influencing public acceptance of carbon dioxide capture and storage technology in China

Decoding the mechanisms influencing public acceptance of carbon dioxide capture and storage technology in China

Functional ionic liquid anchored TS-1 molecular sieve with multiple adsorption sites for efficient capture and separation of CO2 in flue gas systems

Solid adsorption using porous molecular sieves are promising technology to capture CO2 from the air and industrial gases. However, the adsorption capacity and stability for most molecular sieves in complex gas systems are undesirable. The presence of alkaline substances can improve the absorption capacity of materials by altering the surface properties and enhancing the interaction with CO2. To improve the adsorption performance, we introduced amine functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (APMImBr, with one amine group) and Bis-(3-aminopropyl-1-imidazole) ethylidene dibromide (BAPImEDB, with two amine group) on the surface of TS-1 molecular sieve. Under optimal experimental conditions, APMImBr and BAPImEDB modified TS-1 molecular sieves have high adsorption capacity (increased by 148.5% and 218%, respectively) and universal adaptability and renewability. According to CO2-TPD, XPS spectrum and quantum chemical calculations, the role of amine-based ILs can significantly enhance the weak and medium-strength basic sites, forming a multi-point alkaline effect and enhancing the adsorption capacity through weak interactions (van der waals and hydrogen bonding) with CO2. Overall, the research on multi amine functionalized ionic liquid composite solid adsorbents based on porous molecular sieves for carbon dioxide capture and recovery provides valuable insights for achieving sustainable development goals.

Ether chain-modified Alkanolguanidine for CO2 capture and subsequent conversion

Capturing CO2 and converting it into valuable chemicals has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Herein, a kind of ether chain-modified alkanolguanidines (ECMAs) was designed and synthesized as a dual functional reagent for carbon dioxide capture and conversion. Due to the presence of basic sites and CO2-philic ether chains, these ECMAs demonstrated almost equimolar CO2 capture at room temperature and atmospheric pressure through the synergy of physical and chemical absorption. Even for diluted CO2 (15 % CO2), 0.7 mol CO2 per mole capture reagent can still be achieved, showing their potential application in post-combustion capture. The synthesized ECMAs can also serve as catalyst in the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with various epoxides, affording 75–99 % yield of corresponding cyclic carbonates under 3 MPa CO2 with tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) as co-catalyst. Moreover, these ECMAs can be applied to the integrated CO2 capture and conversion, in which the ECMAs can react with CO2, forming the alkyl carbonate zwitterion as active CO2 species in the capture step. And in the subsequent cycloaddition reaction with propylene oxide, 52 % yield of propylene carbonate was obtained.

Scaling down recombinant carbonic anhydrase isolation with immobilized metal ion chromatography (IMAC): Harnessing enzymatic carbon dioxide capture and mineralization

BackgroundHuman activities have led to increased atmospheric CO2 levels, raising concerns about climate change. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes show promise for transforming CO2 into valuable products like calcium carbonate (CaCO3) through mineralization. Purifying and immobilizing CA enzymes on nanofiber membranes enhances their catalytic activity, enabling efficient CO2 conversion and mineralization. MethodsRecombinant CA was purified using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), optimizing pH, biomass concentration, flow rate, and loading volume for maximum efficiency. The CA enzyme was then immobilized onto a weak ion exchange nanofiber membrane functionalized with AEA-COOH to create the CA-modified membrane (AEA-COOH-CA), enhancing CO2 conversion and CaCO3 mineralization. Significant findingsOptimal purification conditions (pH 7, 1 % biomass, 0.1 mL/min flow rate, 1.0 mL loading volume) were determined using IMAC. The CA-modified membrane effectively converted CO2 and mineralized CaCO3, demonstrating the potential for environmental CO2 sequestration. The immobilized CA activities of the AEA-COOH-CA nanofiber membranes exhibited 473.42 WAU/g-membrane, corresponding to 7.10 WAU per membrane piece. The CaCO3 precipitation reached 83.90 mg, with a precipitation efficiency of 11.82 mg CaCO3/WAU. These findings underscore the promise of enzymatic carbon capture using CA-modified membranes, offering a sustainable solution for greenhouse gas mitigation.

Zeolite A/CuO embedded natural rubber foam for efficient carbon dioxide capture in the packed column

Zeolite A/CuO embedded natural rubber foam for efficient carbon dioxide capture in the packed column

Synthesis of activated carbon/MgO monolith using Astragalus material for carbon dioxide adsorption

ABSTRACT Adsorption technology has emerged as a viable approach to reducing CO2 emissions. Generally, activated carbons-based adsorbents, in particular, are promising due to their abundant availability, tunable physicochemical properties, and suitability over a wide temperature range. In this study, activated carbons (ACC) modified with magnesium oxide (MgO) was evaluated for carbon dioxide capture in an adsorption process. ACC, the feedstock, was produced using the fast pyrolysis of Astragalus. The availability and cheapness of the Astragalus material next to MgO led to the synthesis of a new compound called ACC/MgO. The aim of this new synthetic compound was to achieve a cost-effective approach to carbon dioxide adsorption. This approach somehow shows the innovation of the work. Another innovation is adsorbent moulding (monolith) and its industrialisation. The synthetic material underwent various analyses, including FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET, and EDX. Fifteen experiments were designed using the response surface methodology-Box-Behnken (RSM-BBD) design to determine the maximum carbon dioxide adsorption capacity (ADC). One of the optimal points, with the highest carbon dioxide ADC (1.355 mmol/g), was determined at an initial MgO loading of 13.26 wt.%, an average ACC particle size of 0.58 mm, and a Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) content of 6.34 wt.%. Kinetic models and isotherm models were employed to analyse the adsorption data. The findings indicated that the entire adsorption range could be described by employing the fractional-order model. Investigation into the diffusion mechanism revealed that both film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion predominantly governed the rate-limiting steps. The adsorbent exhibited favourable regeneration at lower temperatures and demonstrated consistent regenerability following seven cycles of adsorption and regeneration. This research demonstrated that ACC modified with MgO is a suitable adsorbent due to its high capacity and efficiency in carbon dioxide capture.

A Novel Technique for Monitoring Carbonate and Scale Precipitation Using a Batch-Process-Based Hetero-Core Fiber Optic Sensor

Techniques for monitoring calcium carbonate and silica deposits (scale) in geothermal power plants and hot spring facilities using fiber optic sensors have already been reported. These sensors continuously measure changes in light transmittance with a detector and, when applied to field tests, require the installation of a power supply and sensor monitoring equipment. However, on some sites, a power supply may not be available, or a specialist skilled in handling scale sensors is required. To overcome this problem, we have developed a method for evaluating scale formation that is based on a batch process that can be used by anyone. In brief, this method involves depositing scale on a section of the optical fiber sensor and then fusing this section to the optical fiber and measuring it. Using this sensor, a technician in the field can simply place the sensor in the desired location, collect the samples at any given time, and send them to the laboratory to measure their transmittance. This simple and easy method was achieved by using a hetero-core type of fiber optic. This evaluation method can measure with the same sensitivity as conventional real-time methods, while its transmittance response for the sensor corresponds to the saturation index (SI) changes in the scale components in the solution due to increases in temperature and concentration. In the field of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), this evaluation method can be used to quantitatively measure the formation of carbonate minerals, and it can also be used as an indicator for determining the conditions for CO2 mineral fixation, as well as in experiments using batch-type autoclaves in laboratory testing. It is also expected to be used in geothermal power plants as a method for evaluating scale formation, such as that of amorphous silica, and to protect against agents that hinder stable operation.

Investigating direct air capture of carbon dioxide using alkali dosed biochar-based adsorbent

Abstract As a response to the urgent need for global climate change mitigation, negative emissions technologies have gained widespread recognition as essential tools for achieving climate goals. Among these technologies, direct air capture (DAC) and biochar are considered promising methods for carbon capture, contributing to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. Biochar stands out as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent for DAC. While both DAC and biochar technologies have undergone extensive research, limited attention has been given to the potential of using alkali-dosed biochar as a sorbent for DAC, with most validation conducted at laboratory level. This study focuses on the DAC of CO2 using a KOH-dosed biochar-based adsorbent and introduces a mobile prototype designed to accommodate a portable biochar filter. Our research explores the viability of this innovative approach for carbon capture, offering a possible solution for sectors with limited financial resources and the public.

Recycling PCBs for nanoparticles production with potential applications in cosmetics, cement manufacturing, and CO2 capture

Electronic waste (e-waste) is a global problem, and many countries have established laws and regulations to promote its proper disposal and recycling. E-waste contains a significant content of printed circuit boards (PCBs), composed of metals and other valuable metals that may become scarce in Earth’s crust – Copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), gold (Au), silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), and others. The main objective of this review is to explore the potential for producing nanoparticles (NPs) from the metals extracted through PCB recycling, with applications in the cosmetics, cement manufacturing, and carbon dioxide (CO2) capture industries. For this purpose, the recycling methods for PCBs e-waste, using physical processes (gravity, magnetic, electrostatic separation, and flotation), metallurgical processes (pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy), and purification techniques to obtain an enriched metal solution for the subsequent nanoparticle synthesis was performed. The production of NPs is a novel approach to obtain value-added products for industry. Therefore, recent research from pre-treatment of PCBs to NPs production is summarized, aligning with the circular economy principles and sustainable development goals. Towards this end, wasted PCBs can be transformed into valuable materials with innovative and potential applications in cosmetics, cement manufacturing, and carbon dioxide capture, contributing to a more sustainable future.

Reactive carbon capture using saline water: evaluation of prospective sources, processes, and products.

Reactive carbon capture (RCC) processes involve the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) and conversion to a value-added product using a single sorbent/reaction medium. Not only can RCC processes generate valuable byproducts that can reduce the cost of carbon capture, but RCC tends to have lower energy demand than processes involving the transfer of CO2 between the mediums used for capture and subsequent reactions. Saline water has been proposed as a potential medium for RCC due to it's relative abundance and low cost. Additionally, the composition and chemistry of many saline water sources: (1) elevates the CO2 content (as compared to atmospheric concentrations), (2) provides various cations that can form valuable products with CO2, and (3) enhances the kinetics of chemical reactions used to convert CO2 to stable byproducts. In addition to established industrial processes for converting CO2 into inert or valuable byproducts, we found 20 new processes and technologies that have been developed specifically to capture and convert CO2 using saline water. Both preexisting and emerging processes can be broadly classified as electrochemical or chemical titration processes. When assessing the potential viability of applying any of these processes for large scale carbon capture, several factors must be considered, such as the net carbon footprint of the process, the market size, location of customers and value of the end product, the energy demand and chemical costs of the process, and any other environmental impacts. The feasability of many emerging saline-based RCC processes is difficult to determine, as many technologies were tested using synthetic saline waters and/or concentrated CO2 sources. Notwithstanding the early stage of development of many saline-based RCC technologies, the major limitation to implementation of this approach to carbon capture is the mismatch in the scale of the markets for products of saline-based RCC and the scale of carbon capture needed to meet climate goals. However, because the products of many of the processes reviewed here are stable and non-hazardous, these technologies may also be used for carbon sequestration efforts where the products are managed as waste, in which case the carbon capture potential of these technologies can surpass the market-imposed limitations on RCC. Thus, the potential benefits of saline water-based RCC identified in this review encourage further study and development of these technologies.

Thermodynamic Modeling of an Aqueous N, N-Dimethyldipropylenetriamine and Benzylamine Blend for Efficient CO2 Capture.

This study evaluates the carbon dioxide (CO2) capture capabilities of a novel aqueous blend of N,N-dimethyldipropylenetriamine (DMDPTA) and benzylamine (BA). The solvent properties such density, vapor- liquid equilibrium (VLE) of CO2 in the solvent, CO2 absorption enthalpy are evaluated experimentally for solvent composition of (5 mass % DMDPTA+25 mass % BA), (10 mass % DMDPTA+20 mass % BA), and (15 mass % DMDPTA+15 mass % BA). Solvent density were measured in the temperature range of 303 K-333 K and correlated using Redlich-Kister excess molar volume model, with a low average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of 0.014. VLE data was measured using a custom-made stirred VLE cell, within CO2 partial pressure range of 2-200 kPa and at temperatures 313 K, 323 K and 333 K. Equilibrium CO2 solubility data were correlated using a modified Kent-Eisenberg model, achieving an AARD of 1.5 %. Enthalpy of CO2 absorption was measured at 313 K using a Meter Toledo reaction calorimeter. Results indicated that under similar process conditions and solvent composition, (DMDPTA+BA) blends exhibited significantly higher CO2 loading and low absorption enthalpy compared to aqueous BA and monoethanolamine solvent alone indicating the potential of (DMDPTA+BA) blend as efficient CO2 capture solvent.

CO2 selectivity and adsorption performance of K2CO3-modified zeolite: a temperature-dependent study.

High-performing zeolite materials for carbon dioxide capture are promising for applications such as flue gas CO2 capture. Potassium carbonate-loaded zeolites can offer a plethora of benefits. In this work, for the first time, zeolite-Y impregnated with K2CO3 was studied as a gas adsorbent (CO2, CH4, and N2) and characterized using TGA (thermogravimetric analyzer), XRD, BET, FTIR, FETEM (Field-Emission Transmission Electron Microscope), and XPS. The effect of carbonate loading, temperature, and pressure was particularly targeted and assessed. Accordingly, for a variation in K2CO3 loading from 5 to 15 wt.%, the CO2 adsorption capacity reduced from 3.61 to 1.73mmolg-1 in the synthesized adsorbents. Among all the cases, KYZC10 exhibited very good cyclic adsorption-desorption performance and thermal stability. Further equilibrium modeling studies indicate that the stable and optimally K2CO3-loaded adsorbent (KYZC10) demonstrates effective adsorption isotherm behavior, making it suitable for different temperature variation processes in commercial carbon dioxide capture applications. The KYZC10 adsorbent's stable performance at varying temperatures contributes to its enhanced economic feasibility. This study also used the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) to predict CO2 selectivity over other gases (CH4 and N2).

Novel Single Perovskite Material for Visible-Light Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction via Joint Experimental and DFT Study.

Developing advanced and economically viable technologies for the capture and utilization of carbon dioxide (CO2) is crucial for sustainable energy production from fossil fuels. Converting CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels is a promising approach to mitigate atmospheric CO2 levels. Among various methods, photocatalytic reduction stands out for its potential to reduce emissions and produce useful products. Here, novel perovskite ZnMoFeO3 (ZMFO) nanosheets are presented as promising semiconductor photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. Experimental results show that ZMFO has a narrow bandgap, exceptional visible light response, large specific surface area, high crystallinity, and various surface-active sites, leading to an impressive photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity of 24.87 µmolg-1h-1 and strong stability. Theoretical calculations reveal that CO2 conversion into CO and CH4 on the ZMFO surface follows formaldehyde and carbine pathways. This study provides significant insights into designing innovative perovskite oxide-based photocatalysts for economical and efficient CO2 reduction systems.