Capita Consumption Of Fish Research Articles

The supply of fish/seafood in retail establishments in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

Every year, the large retail networks diversify the supply of fish and seafood. This is relevant for the 2,066,175 inhabitants of the city of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas, since per capita consumption of fish is one of the highest in Brazil. Data collection was carried out from May, 2021 to March, 2022 and establishments were grouped into: Emporiums (Group 1), Supermarkets (Group 2) and Hypermarkets (Group 3). A total of 25 establishments from 14 chains were visited. In all, 1,019 different products were recorded, 346 from groups of continental species (20 groups of species) and 673 from groups of marine species (29 groups of species), with greater diversity in Group 2. Products with greater commercial value are found in Group 1, those with lower value in Group 2. Whole fish are offered, in chunks, sliced, balls, in paste form (pate, sachets, surimi), sausages/tambaqui (Colossomo macropomum) sausage, dried and salted, canned, in mixes and paella kits, etc. In the comparative analysis of the prices between the groups, there was no significant difference in prices among the groups of establishments for 11 of the 17 products analyzed, in which we can highlight three marine species: tuna (Thunnus thynnus) with 62 products, cod (Gadus macrocephalus; Gadus morhua) with 41 products, sea sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) with 31 products; and one freshwater species, tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) with 41 products; allowing the consumer a wide choice between the types of establishments and the products available in order to meet their needs, preferences and provide convenience.

Fish Resource Survey in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State based on Fish Resource Survey in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State

The Benshangul Gumuz Regional State has ample natural resources; water bodies constitute perennial and intermittent rivers, reservoirs and flood plains with diversified fish species. The fishery resource has been exploited for centuries mainly by indigenous Gumuz and Berta peoples. The total annual harvestable fish from major Rivers is estimated to be 2400 tons/yr and River Abay covers 70% of the region’s total potential. The catch has never been recorded systematically and exact data are not known. However, the rural household based socio-economic survey conducted in 2006 indicated that from all sampled 150 Kebeles, 132 Kebeles (88%) used fish from the rivers. The survey reveals also that 70-83% of 20 Kebeles, 50-70% of 10 Kebeles and 10-45% of 19 Kebeles population have access for fishing at the nearby rivers. The whole population of Mandura and Sirba Abay Woredas and 83% of the population in 36 Kebeles of Maokomo, Guba, Bulen and Kemashi Woredas used fish for food. The current exploitation level is estimated only at 183 tons/yr. The catches are used mostly for home consumption and rarely sold in marketing places as fresh and/or dried when the production exceeds the needs of the family. Along the river coastal areas per capita consumption of fish amongst the peoples reaches about 22 kg/person/yr. Fishes are of special significance for food security in the region, as all the fish caught is going to be consumed by local communities.

О потреблении рыбной продукции населением России

The article analyzes the history of fishing, production of food fish products and its per capita consumption by the population of Russia, as well as their significance for the implementation of the Doctrine of Food Security. The domestic method of calculating the consumption of fish products by the population is considered, compared with the methods of other countries and international intergovernmental organizations. The data on the average per capita consumption of fish and fish products in Russia and in a number of countries with developed fisheries and market economy are presented. Measures aimed at increasing the consumption of fish products by the population of Russia are proposed.

Fishing Technologies for Conservation of Marine Fish Genetic Resources

The advancements in fishing technologies over the years, had helped to significantly increase the fish production from the capture fisheries and has helped to improve the per capita consumption of fish. Increase in the fishing effort, use of unsustainable fishing gears and lack of proper monitoring and surveillance, combined with the climate related changes in the oceans, have caused serious declines of fisheries worldwide. The bycatch, discards and pollution are also becoming concern in several fisheries world over including India. Despite the fact that numerous measures, including gear-based technical measures, have been evaluated and mandated by law, the use and implementation of these measures in the field, remained largely negligible.

Towards a sustainable development strategy Fisheries sector in Arab Republic of Egypt (A proposed economic study)

The amount of annual change in the total quantity of Egyptian fish production from various sources about 11.45 tons, with an annual growth rate of approximately 1.1% of the annual average of about 1000.9 tons during the study period (2001-2015). The amount of annual change in the volume of consumption of fish in Egypt during the same study period of about 0.65 tons, with an annual growth rate of approximately 0.1% of the annual average of about 1185.4 thousand tons. The amount of annual change in the average per capita consumption of fish in Egypt during the same study period of about 0.02 kg/year, with an annual growth rate of about 0.12% of the annual average of about 16.3 kg/year. The amount of annual change in the self-sufficiency rate of fish in Egypt during the study period of about 0.55% with an annual growth rate of about 0.7% of the annual average of about 84.5%. The amount of annual change in the volume of exports of fish in Egypt during the study period of about 0.01 tons, with an annual growth rate of approximately 0.2% of the annual average of about 5.2 tons. The amount of annual change in the evolution of the volume of imports of fish in Egypt during the study period of about 0.45 tons, with an annual growth rate of about 0.24% of the annual average of about 189.5 million tonnes

Heavy metals in sediment and fish from two coastal lagoons of the Mexican Central Pacific

The present work analyzed the concentration of As, Cd, Pb, and Hg in sediment and the Hg concentration in fish muscle from two coastal lagoons in the states of Jalisco (Barra de Navidad Lagoon) and Colima (Cuyutlan Lagoon), Mexico. Both lagoons showed relatively low levels of metal contamination and potential health risk compared to other Mexican areas. A non-carcinogenic hazard quotient (HQ) was determined. As (10.7 ± 1.3 - 25.4 ± 3.1 μg g -1 ) and Pb (42.7 ± 4.2 - 123.9 ± 14.7 μg g -1 ) concentrations exceeded the permissible levels, otherwise for Hg and Cd were below the limits. The highest total mercury concentration was found in Haemulopsis sp. and Lutjanus sp. with 0.23 and 0.1 μg g -1 (wet weight) respectively, out of 14 species of fish analyzed that are frequently consumed locally. HQ based on the national daily per capita consumption of fish in Mexico and the consumption of fish associated with fishing communities in Mexico showed an HQs >2, which manifests the vulnerability of these communities to persistent toxic and bioaccumulative contaminants.

A quantitative SWOT analyses of key aquaculture players in Africa

Africa’s contribution to world aquaculture production in 2018 is still insignificant (2,196,600 tons; ~ 2.7%) albeit significantly increasing with larger-scale investments in Egypt (1,561,457 tons), Nigeria (291,233 tons), and Uganda (103,737 tons) producing substantial quantities (91%) of the total fish production from the region. The quantitative SWOT technique and the multi-attribute decision-making method (MADM) were used to determine and compare aquaculture performance in production, technology, market, policies, and framework among Egypt, Nigeria, Uganda, and South Africa. Factors such as the adoption of new technologies used in the formulation and production of aquafeed (i.e., extruded feed and sinking feed), adoption of best farm management practices, commercialization of aquaculture, growing demand-supply gap due to high per capita consumption of fish, and government’s prioritization of aquaculture industry development through the creation of enabling environment for private sector participation were key strengths and opportunities identified among the leading players. The quantified SWOT shows Egypt exhibited aquaculture development strengths and opportunities; Nigeria has aquaculture development opportunities but weak in competitive strengths, while Uganda and South Africa both possess low, competitive strengths and being faced with threats. Capitalizing on the available opportunities and critical success factors of the leading aquaculture players in Africa, this analysis highlights strategic actions that could boost the development of aquaculture in South Africa. The quantified SWOT analysis was used to determine the competitive position of the aquaculture sectors of the compared countries and can be used as a basis for aquaculture policies and roadmaps.

The state of cage culture in Lake Victoria: A focus on sustainability, rural economic empowerment, and food security

Abstract Capture fisheries and aquaculture have remained important sources of food, nutrition, income and livelihoods to millions globally, with annual per capita consumption of fish in developing countries having increased from 5.2 kg in 1961 to 18.8 kg in 2013. On the contrary, low income food-deficit countries annual fish per capita consumption rose from 3.5 to 7.6 kg against 26.8 kg among industrialized countries. Increased demand for animal protein and declining capture fisheries has seen aquaculture grow rapidly than any other food production sector over the past three decades. Rapid global aquaculture growth is directly related to levels of technological advancement, adoption and adaption prompting aquaculture transition from semi-intensive to intensive and super intensive production systems among developing and developed countries. In light of the aquatic environment economic potential, cage culture in Lake Victoria is fast gaining prominence in aquaculture production contribution. This began with trials by Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute and Uganda’s National Fisheries Resource Research Institute and later by private investors at Dunga and Obenge beaches of Kenya, Source of the Nile in Uganda and Bulamba Beach Management Units in Bunda District of Tanzania. However, only Kenya has so far documented cage culture development recording 3,696 cages across the five riparian counties with an estimated production capacity of 3,180 MT valued at Kshs 955.4 Million (9.6 million USD), created over 500 jobs directly and indirectly created income opportunities for over 4,000 people. The sub-sector’s value chain, its supportive value chains and associated enterprises are rapidly expanding thus creating jobs, enhancing incomes and ensuring food security in rural and urban areas. As cage culture commercialization takes root, there is urgent need to address issues such as introduction of alien species, diseases, marine parks and maximum carrying capacity among other aspects. This will require trans-boundary policy to ensure sustainable utilization of the lake as a common resource.

Fisheries production and aquaculture development: Current status and future directions in Ethiopia

Nowadays worldwide projected growth of population pressure with a steadily growth of disposable income and urbanization corroborated by global markets corridor are expected to elicit a substantial increase the demands of high value foods. These situation causes to exploit the aquatic ecosystems mainly for fish, the largest single source of animal protein and fastest growing food commodity. Likewise, Ethiopia has enormous potential of freshwater (126.5 BMC) available per year; plus favorable environments considered to be significant scope for fisheries development for fish yield (about 94,509 ton/year + 5.3% as 73,104 ton/year + 3.3% for lentic and 2,1405 ton/year +11.8% for lotic ecosystems). Ethiopian water resources deduced to hold over 180 fish species, freshwater shrimps, crabs, mollusks, commercially important microalgae, and vegetation. However, currently actual fish yield is (about 51,581 ton/year) much far below expected level, which resulted in lower per capita consumption of fish per year (0.216 kg) compared to other African countries. This is attributed to several constraints in which, traditional methods of fish farming and fishing, limited awareness, management skills, skills and technological knowhow; besides the impacts of climate change and global warming, ecosystems degradation, mismanagement, siltation, growing toxic weeds in most lakes, with marked overfishing practices by fishermen are the dominant challenges. To reverse these scenarios into the desired track, urgent intellectual measures should be at hand in Ethiopia. Therefore, this article was studied through the collected 19 years’ published and unpublished source materials, data analyzed and empirical models were applied to explore updated fundamental information on current potential of fisheries resources and overall status of aquaculture development, so as to create better understanding, and to suggest scientific strategies and better approaches for the sector contribute in the sources food, employment, and livelihood in Ethiopia. Finally, this paper is recommended to be beneficial to the readers and policy makers for the fisheries and aquaculture development in Ethiopia and the region.

The fishing sector in Seychelles: an overview, with an emphasis on artisanal fisheries

Seychelles has a well-developed fishing sector that is a vital part of the social and economic development of the country. Three main types of fisheries are recognised: artisanal fisheries targeting demersal and semi-pelagic species, semi-industrial fisheries targeting pelagic species, and industrial fisheries targeting species of tuna. In economic terms, the industrial fisheries are of greatest importance. The per capita consumption of fish in Seychelles is one of the highest in the world and the artisanal fisheries contribute significantly to the protein requirements of the country. Artisanal fisheries catches have remained fairly stable since comprehensive monitoring began in 1985, averaging 4568 MT per annum. A wide range of fish and invertebrate species are targeted and the general catch composition has remained stable. Landing of tuna by the purse seine fleets has grown substantially over the last 18 years, attaining a record catch of approximately 42 945 MT in 2002. The demersal stocks targeted by the artisanal fisheries are known to be over- or optimally exploited close to centres of population, and lightly exploited elsewhere, whilst the industrialised fisheries for pelagic species require a precautionary approach to management as some stocks are being exploited close to maximum sustainable yield levels. Future development in Seychelles is tightly linked to fisheries and the marine environment in general.

Socioeconomic determinants of Parkinson's disease for developed and developing countries

We set and solved the problem of identifying socio-economic determinants of Parkinson's disease (PD) by comparing the characteristics of different countries. Econometric analysis of panel data on 117 countries for 2010-2013 showed that the nature of the impact of a number of factors depends on whether a country belongs to the set of developed or developing economies. For both groups, the incidence of Parkinson's disease increases with life expectancy and decreases with the share of smokers. In addition, for developed countries, the incidence drops with increasing per capita consumption of fish and seafood and increases with amounts of fertilizer applied to the soil per hectare of arable land. For developing countries, the share of rural populations and per capita consumption of alcohol and vegetables are significant factors, with the incidence of PD decreasing with the first factor and increases with the last two. There is also reason to believe that in developing countries, the incidence of PD increases with the level of education; this is due to a decrease in physical activity of the representatives of the professions concerned. The findings are compared with the known results based on the study of patient samples for individual countries, and allow improving them. The results of this work can be used in patient selection procedures for early diagnostics of PD and are particularly important for developing countries where evidence-based recommendations has not yet been available.

Особенности развития рыбопромышленной отрасли России

The article presents the assessment results of the current state and existing problems of the functioning and development of the Russian food industry based on the analysis of scientific, practical and legislative materials in the field of fisheries, fish farming and fish processing. The analysis was carried out in accordance with key indicators specified by the State Program for the Development of the Fisheries Complex of the Russian Federation, such as the volume of production (catch) of aquatic biological resources, the development of aquaculture, per capita consump-tion of fish and fish products by the population, the share of domestic agricultural, fishery products and food in the total volume commodity resources of the domestic market. The priority task is the transition from the export-raw material to the innovative type of development of the fisheries complex based on the conservation and rational use of aquatic biological resources, the introduction of new technologies, increasing the of domestic fish products ratio in the domestic and foreign markets and raising the competitiveness of the Russian fish products. Changes in the intensity and structure of fish and other aquatic biological resources production in the Russian aquaculture over the past decades are analyzed. Both negative and positive trends in the industrial development have been identified. A significant role in the sustainable development of fish industry is given to integration associations. The types of integrated fisheries business structures that are most prevalent 
 in Russia are considered. To solve existing problems and improve the competitiveness of the fishing industry, it was recommended to consolidate the efforts of the main industry partners in terms 
 of responsibility and economic trust, development of associative and regulatory framework tools.

Are small-scale freshwater aquaculture farms in coastal areas of Ghana economically profitable?

Marine fish stocks in Ghana are in serious decline, while local demand for fish has outstripped supply due to a combination of factors led by over-fishing. To sustain per capita consumption of fish, the Government of Ghana has positioned aquaculture as one of its top priorities. Aquaculture is projected to meet the deficit in the country’s fish requirements. However, there is paucity of information on the profitability of smallholder aquaculture farming practices to guide planning and investments in the sector. This study was carried out on 40 farms across all four coastal regions of Ghana namely Western, Central, Greater Accra, and Volta Regions to help address critical bottlenecks facing smallholder fish farming practices. Three profitability metrics, i.e., benefit-cost ratio (BCR), payback period (PBP), and return on investment (ROI) were used to assess profitability. Regression analysis between investments and revenue outputs revealed cost factors that were significant and positively influencing revenue generation from aquaculture farms. Average BCR for smallholder aquaculture farms for a 5-year period was estimated at 1.14. When disaggregated, tilapia profitability was higher (BCR = 1.16) compared to catfish (BCR = 1.11) but not significant. The results showed that both tilapia and catfish farming had positive returns on investment. However, in the long term, profitability from catfish was higher (ROI = 0.74) than tilapia farming (ROI = 0.73) but not significantly different. Tilapia farms recorded shorter payback time of 7 years when compared to catfish farms estimated at 9 years. This study calls for stronger commitment of government and stakeholders to address the issues of high cost of fish feed and access to fish fingerlings and markets, while improving specific on-farm management practices.

Fisheries, fish pollution and biodiversity: choice experiments with fishermen, traders and consumers

The increasing rates of per capita consumption of fish around the world should be a matter of concern for those interested in the threats to fishing stocks, aquatic biodiversity and human health. Fish consumption has positive health benefits but also brings higher risks of intake of heavy metals for humans. This increase in the demand for fish products has also been accompanied with fishing practices that threaten biodiversity. This article aims at evaluating from an economic perspective how important are these health and biodiversity components for those in the fish value chain, from fishermen to final consumers, using an experimental approach to estimate, through conjoint valuation techniques, the economic value of these aspects in the decision making of these agents. We find that final consumers place a significant economic value to the reduction of exposure to mercury contamination in fish; we also show that consumers respond positively to an education campaign showing the effects of mercury contained in fish, and that this money value could be used to create campaigns that transmit better price signals throughout the chain value. On the other extreme, the fishermen, we find that they place a positive economic value in a reduction of contamination in their fish as well, which could be aligned with the results for consumers, creating opportunities for Pareto improving measures in the regulations and prices which could translate into lower demand for more contaminated fish.

Fisheries, Fish Pollution and Biodiversity: Choice Experiments with Fishermen, Traders and Consumers

The increasing rates of per capita consumption of fish around the world should be a matter of concern for those interested in the threats to fishing stocks, aquatic biodiversity and human health. Fish consumption has positive health benefits but also brings higher risks of intake of heavy metals for humans. This increase in the demand for fish products has also been accompanied with fishing practices that threaten biodiversity. This article aims at evaluating from an economic perspective how important are these health and biodiversity components for those in the fish value chain, from fishermen to final consumers, using an experimental approach to estimate, through conjoint valuation techniques, the economic value of these aspects in the decision making of these agents. We find that final consumers place a significant economic value to the reduction of exposure to mercury contamination in fish; we also show that consumers respond positively to an education campaign showing the effects of mercury contained in fish, and that this money value could be used to create campaigns that transmit better price signals throughout the chain value. On the other extreme, the fishermen, we find that they place a positive economic value in a reduction of contamination in their fish as well, which could be aligned with the results for consumers, creating opportunities for Pareto improving measures in the regulations and prices which could translate into lower demand for more contaminated fish.

Demand for fisheries products in Brazil

Fish consumption per capita in Brazil is relatively modest when compared to other animal proteins. This study analyses the influence of protein prices, other food prices and population income on the fish demand in Brazil. First, the problem of fish supply in Brazil is characterized. It is followed by reviews of the relevant economic theory and methods of Almost Ideal Demand System - AIDS and their elasticity calculations. A descriptive analysis of fish demand in Brazil using the microdata called "Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar" (Familiar Budget Research) - POF 2002-2003 is presented. Finally, demand functions and their elasticities are calculated for two different cases: one considering five groups of animal proteins (Chicken; Milk and Eggs; Fish; Processed Proteins and Red Meat) and other with seven groups of food categories (Cereals; Vegetables and Fruits; Milky and Eggs; Oils and Condiments; Fish; Other processed foods; and Meats). The main results are: per capita consumption of fish (4.6 kg per inhabitant per year) is low in Brazil because few households consume fish. When only households with fish consumption are considered, the per capita consumption would be higher: 27.2 kg per inhabitant per year. The fish consumption in the North-East Region is concentrated in the low-income class. In the Center-South Region, the fish consumption is lower and concentrated in the intermediate income classes. The main substitutes for fish are the processed proteins and not the traditional types of meat, such as chicken and red meat.

Commercial aquaculture in Southeast Asia: Some policy lessons

Globally aquaculture has been increasing rapidly and already accounts for nearly half of all food fish consumed. For developing countries, which produce 90% of the world’s output, aquaculture is a source of protein, employment, income and of foreign exchange. Southeast Asia is an area which has experienced this “blue revolution”. Total aquaculture output in the region increased from less than two million tonnes in 1990 to more than eight million tonnes in 2006. Moreover, the region’s pace of expansion has accelerated. Annual average growth rates in output from 2000 to 2006 were more than double those from 1990 to 2000. Already more than a quarter of food fish in Southeast Asia comes from aquaculture. Aquaculture matters because fish products are important in the diet of much of Southeast Asia. The population generally has a high per capita consumption of fish, and fish are a major source of animal protein in a region where levels of animal protein are below the world average. Output from the capture fisheries has increased but growth rates are slowing. To maintain present levels of per capita consumption of fish in the region, whose average population is projected to grow by 16% by 2015, requires continued expansion of aquaculture. The paper focuses on commercial or profit-oriented aquaculture. It produces protein, but also rural employment and income. It also has the potential to generate taxes for governments and foreign exchange, and by improving economic efficiencies and competitiveness hold down the cost of aquatic products. Contributing to food security, rural livelihoods and economic growth, aquaculture is an important and growing sector in the region and merits study. It is hoped that lessons learnt can be useful to other parts of the world.

Future of Rice-Fish Culture, Desert Aquaculture and Feed Development in Africa: The Case of Egypt as the Leading Country in Africa

World aquaculture production in 2002 reached 39.8 million metric tons (Mt). However, despite a general understanding that the advancement of aquaculture is very important for food security and poverty alleviation, aquaculture in Africa is insignificant compared to the rest of the world. African aquaculture contributed only 1.2% (463 x 10 3 Mt) of world aquaculture production. Moreover, our calculation based on FAO statistics revealed that the average per capita consumption of fish in Africa decreased from 9 kg in 1990 to 7.8 kg in 2001. This decrease in the per capita consumption offish appears to be a threatening sign for food security in Africa. There are many political, economic and technical issues that are obstructing the development and promotion of aquaculture in Africa. Egypt, the desert but rice producing country, has a long history of aquaculture and is the leading producer, especially of freshwater aquaculture in Africa. Total aquaculture production in Egypt in 2002 was 376 x 10 3 Mt, which supplied 81% of that in Africa. In the present review, based on the case of Egypt, we propose measures and research areas to develop and promote rice-fish culture and desert aquaculture. Rice-fish culture is a model of aquaculture styles for wet and pluvial regions, and desert aquaculture is also a model for arid and semi-arid regions not only in Egypt but also for other African countries. Poor knowledge on fish feeds and feeding technology is one of the major constraints in the expansion of aquaculture. In order to improve and increase the productivity of aquaculture in Africa, we propose measures and research subjects for developing supplementary and complete feeds using regional ingredients.

Urban and peri-urban aquaculture as an immediate source of food fish: Perspectives of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

This paper describes the present status of aquaculture activities in Dhaka City and its surrounding areas including the system of fish marketing and distribution and environmental and socioeconomic issues. Dhaka City contains over 10 million people and is expanding day by day. Demand of fish in the last 10 years has increased as a result of increases in population and income levels. The annual per capita consumption of fish is reported to drop by 0.5 kg since 1985. The reason for this decline is increased prices and decreased supply of fish. Fish supply to the city comes from catch in the rivers-estuaries and floodlands of Dhaka district, neighboring districts, imports from other areas and aquaculture in surrounding areas of the city. Considerable quantities of fish are imported from India, Myanmar and Thailand. Seasonal patterns are common both in supply and consumption of fish. Along with traditional rural household aquaculture, in recent years, urban and peri-urban aquaculture has also been popular. Three broad types of aquaculture activities are found in and around Dhaka City; these are polyculture of carp in ponds, monoculture of catfishs in ponds, and pen and cage aquaculture in open waters. The carp includes both Indian major carp and Chinese carp and some minor carp. The catfish group includes mainly Thai pangas (Pangasius sutchi). Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is also widely popular among the farmers. The technology used for aquaculture is improved extensive to semi-intensive. Increasing demand for fish in the city markets has encouraged the expansion of peri-urban aquaculture with a corresponding increase in the proportion of farmed fish in the markets.

World fisheries—utilisation of catches

After considering the early history of fish as food the paper places fish and fisheries within the context of the second millenium, with particular reference to the impact on European and N. American development. In the 20th century in nutritional terms, fish is seen more as an important source of micro-nutrients, minerals and essential fatty acids than protein. Per capita consumption of fish has risen on a global basis to 15 kg/head/year but projected population growth and mismanaged resources will make this difficult to sustain. Fish consumption, even in limited quantities, has been shown to protect against coronary heart disease and also tends to reduce low birth-weight. After decades of production, growth capture fisheries are levelling off, with future increases likely to come from aquaculture. However, up to 25% of marine catches are discarded and almost 30% is used for the production of fish meal and oil. International trade in fish has risen to US $50 000 million/year, representing 37% of fish for human consumption and tending to stimulate distribution of fresh and value-added products. Sustainable fish supplies for the future will be expected to be safer and traceable to their source.