Identification Capacity Research Articles

Secure and Robust Identification via Classical-Quantum Channels

We study the identification capacity of classical-quantum channels ("cq-channels"), under channel uncertainty and privacy constraints. To be precise, we consider first compound memoryless cq-channels and determine their identification capacity; then we add an eavesdropper, considering compound memoryless wiretap cqq-channels, and determine their secret identification capacity. In the first case (without privacy), we find the identification capacity always equal to the transmission capacity. In the second case, we find a dichotomy: either the secrecy capacity (also known as private capacity) of the channel is zero, and then also the secrecy identification capacity is zero, or the secrecy capacity is positive and then the secrecy identification capacity equals the transmission capacity of the main channel without the wiretapper. We perform the same analysis for the case of arbitrarily varying wiretap cqq-channels (cqq-AVWC), with analogous findings, and make several observations regarding the continuity and super-additivity of the identification capacity in the latter case.

CN43 - Role of cancer nurse in the prevention and control of acute deterioration for onco-haematologic patient

BackgroundThe Risk of Acute Deterioration (RAD) conceived as the patient status at risk for progression, with severe damage or life-threatening conditions, includes possible progression, emergence or recurrence of serious adverse-events Literature related with physiological parameters such blood pressure, cardiac or respiratory alterations and the capacity for a rapid identification of these RAD as predictors of preventable complications and adverse events The hematological patients with complex processes derived from his tumor, comorbidities and complexity hospitalized, may require admission to Iintensive care or unexpected death. Determine the patient profile that needs prevention and nursing activities and control for the risk of acute deterioration RAD at the centres of the Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, for 2018. MethodsRetrospective multicenter cross-sectional study. Scope: 8 oncological units ICO-L’Hospitalet, ICO-Badalona and ICO-Girona. Data obtained from anonymized registries system of the electronic clinical history of patients.January to December of 2018. ResultsFrom 6.003 episodes of hospitalized patients, 2.661 contained an indicator of RAD as main nurse diagnostic on register, representing 44.3% of the cases. Observation and intensive surveillance or semi-intensive is fundamental. Nurses’ early identification of RAD and 39.06% needed intensive or semi-surveillance.Total deaths 10.68%. The registration of interventions: systematic control of mental state (77.09%); control of respiratory frequency in 29.14%; simultaneous recording of 5 vital signs (26.60%); 4 vital signs (82.16%); intake/out control (18.67%); record of diuresis (80.86%). ConclusionsNurses most performed and registered activities were control of heart rate, blood pressure, Sat. O2, temperature, diuresis and mind alert. Low registration for FR, despite being identified as a key intervention in the early identification of RAD and is omitted or is not registered although being prescribed in care plan. Early detection of physiological changes and the identification of patients RAD are need to provide adequate preventive care and treatment and to ensure continued evaluation that avoid deterioration or its consequences. Legal entity responsible for the studyThe author. FundingHas not received any funding. DisclosureAll authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Development of a Training Program to Identify Invasive Weevils in the Caribbean Basin and the United States

Numerous weevil species are serious pests on agricultural crops in the Caribbean basin and the USA. These pests include native and exotic weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) species. Among them, some weevil species are easy to identify, and others need training and expertise in taxonomy in order to identify them properly. Commodity-based identification and training tools are extremely important and critical. For example, the citrus root weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was established in the US nearly 50 yr ago, and costs millions of dollars annually in control attempts in Florida alone. Other species such as the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae); the South American palm weevil, Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae); and the Jamaican weevil, Exophthalmus vittatus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are potential threats to fruits, vegetables, and ornamental crops. Adults of these weevils display various coloration, and patterns of red, blue, black, green, yellow, orange, and white. Some species have more than 2 color forms; male and female weevils may show major variations in their morphological characters. Regulatory agencies at the local, regional, and international levels are strengthening collaboration on offshore mitigation of these pests. Strict enforcement of regulatory guidelines and procedures is being adopted at the ports of entry into the US. Indeed, training on the identification and screening of these species, and other potential crop pests, is critically important for food security in the region. Training and capacity building to design, develop, and deploy keys, tools, and resources are major components of successful implementation of digital identification tools. The team at the Center for Biological Control is part of the digital resource consortium building tools on invasive beetles on economically important crops. To build capacity in digital insect identification, we have not only modified the contents of graduate and undergraduate insect systematics curriculum, but also have trained numerous students in these new skills.

DNA analysis of elasmobranch products originating from Bangladesh reveals unregulated elasmobranch fishery and trade on species of global conservation concern.

Trade involving elasmobranch products in Bangladesh is a four-decade-long practice in large scale and there is little understanding of its impact on species composition, population, and subsequent conservation. Capacity for monitoring and identification is lacking in landing and shark processing centres. A rapid survey and collection of tissue samples were performed in three landings and nine shark processing centres between 2016 and 2017 in the south-eastern coastal region of Bangladesh. Sequencing for a 707-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was used to assess the taxonomic status and species composition from 71 elasmobranch tissue samples collected from the shark processing centre only. Good quality COI sequences were obtained for 34 specimens representing 21 species—the majority of which are threatened with extinction. A total of ten species of sharks (Carcharhinus brevipinna, C. amboinensis, C. leucas, C. sorrah, C. amblyrhynchoides, Chiloscyllium burmensis, Galeocerdo cuvier, Rhincodon typus, Scoliodon laticaudus, and Sphyrna lewini), eleven species of rays (Aetomylaeus maculatus, Gymnura poecilura, Mobula mobular, M. kuhlii, Neotrygon indica, Pateobatis uarnacoides, Rhinoptera javanica, and R. jayakari), including three species of guitarfish (Glaucostegus granulatus, G. obtusus, and G. typus), were identified. Four species (14.7% of samples) were found to be listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in Appendix II. Sixteen species (59% of the specimens) were threatened with extinction according to IUCN Red List, whereas 41% were data deficient or not assessed. The results have important implications for the management of regional fisheries and the conservation of elasmobranchs as they 1) represent a preliminary understanding of elasmobranch diversity in trade; 2) depict a lack of awareness and monitoring; and 3) demonstrate a need for urgent monitoring and regulation of elasmobranch trade in Bangladesh.

Interpretation for the group standards of the Isolation and Identification of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli

Foodborne Campylobacter is recognized as the leading causes of the bacterial diarrheal illness in both developing and developed countries. C. jejuni and C. coli caused 95% of the human campylobacterisosis. Bacteria culture has been recognized as the "Gold standard" for the diagnosis of the Campylobacter infection. The National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention coordinated the experienced researchers from China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment and other local Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to write up the standards for entitled Isolation and Identification of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli (T/CPMA 006-2019). The standard is drafted with principles of emphasizing the scientific, normative, applicability and feasible nature. This group standard recommended the procedures and steps for the isolation and identification of C. jejuni and C.coli from variant samples. The standard aims to improve the capacity for Campylobacter identification in China.

From Somatic Variants Toward Precision Oncology: An Investigation of Reporting Practice for Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis.

With the accelerated development of next-generation sequencing (NGS), identified variants, and targeted therapies, clinicians who confront the complicated and multifarious genetic information may not effectively incorporate NGS-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis into routine patient care. Consequently, standardized ctDNA testing reports are of vital importance. In an effort to guarantee high-quality reporting performance, we conducted an investigation of the current detection and reporting practices for NGS-based ctDNA analysis. A set of simulated ctDNA samples with known variants at known allelic frequencies and a corresponding case scenario were distributed to 66 genetic testing laboratories for ctDNA analysis. Written reports were collected to evaluate the detection accuracy, reporting integrity, and information sufficiency using 21 predefined criteria. Current reporting practices for NGS-based ctDNA analysis were found to be far from satisfactory, especially regarding testing interpretation and methodological details. Only 42.4% of laboratories reported the results in complete concordance with the expected results. Moreover, 74.2% of reports only listed aberrations with direct and well-known treatment consequences for the tumor type in question. Genetic aberrations for which experimental agents and/or drug access programs are available may thus be overlooked. Furthermore, methodological details for the interpretation of results were missing from the majority of reports (87.9%). This proof-of-principle study suggests that the capacity for accurate identification of variants, rational interpretation of genotypes, comprehensive recommendation of potential medications, and detailed description of methodologies need to be further improved before ctDNA analysis can be formally implemented in the clinic. Accurate, comprehensive, and standardized clinical sequencing reports can help to translate complex genetic information into patient-centered clinical decisions, thereby shepherding precision oncology into daily practice. However, standards, guidelines, and quality requirements for clinical reports of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis are currently absent. By using a set of simulated clinical ctDNA samples and a corresponding case scenario, current practices were evaluated to identify deficiencies in clinical sequencing reports of ctDNA analysis. The recommendations provided here may serve as a roadmap for the improved implementation of NGS-based ctDNA analysis in the clinic.

Actual Situation for Capacity of Vocational Consultancy of Students in University of Education

This study describes the actual situation for capacity of vocational consultancy of students in university of education. The results of the study were carried out on 500 students of universities of education. The reality shows that the capacity of vocational consultancy of students in university of education is not high, only average. In the capacity of vocational consultancy of students evaluated in 6 capacity components including identification of issues related to the selection of pupils’ industry and career; support for pupils to improve their self-awareness and evaluation of psychological characteristics related to industry and career selections; support for pupils to improve their capacity to learn information and schools training the industry and career; support for pupils to improve their capacity to make decisions on the selection of industry, career and training schools; support for pupils to improve their capacity to plan and implement plans to strive for the target of the selected industry, career and school; support for pupils to solve psychological difficulties related to the selection of industry and career. In particular, the capacity component of support for pupils to improve their capacity to plan and implement plans to strive for the target of the selected industry and career is at the highest level, and the capacity of identification of issues related to the selection of pupils’ industry and career is at the lowest level.

NK Cells in the Human Lungs.

The lung offers one of the largest exchange surfaces of the individual with the elements of the environment. As a place of important interactions between self and non-self, the lung is richly endowed in various immune cells. As such, lung natural killer (NK) cells play major effector and immunoregulatory roles to ensure self-integrity. A better understanding of their abilities in health and diseases has been made possible over the past decade thanks to tremendous discoveries in humans and animals. By precisely distinguishing the different NK cell subsets and dissecting the ontogeny and differentiation of NK cells, both blood and tissue-resident NK populations now appear to be much more pleiotropic than previously thought. In light of these recent findings in healthy individuals, this review describes the different lung NK cell populations quantitatively, qualitatively, phenotypically, and functionally. Their identification, immunological diversity, and adaptive capacities are also addressed. For each of these elements, the impact of the mutual interactions of lung NK cells with environmental and microenvironmental factors are questioned in terms of functionality, competence, and adaptive capacities. As pulmonary diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, special attention is also given to the involvement of lung NK cells in various diseases, including infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune, and neoplastic lung diseases. In addition to providing a comprehensive overview of lung NK cell biology, this review also provides insight into the potential of NK cell immunotherapy and the development of targeted biologics.

Fingerprint Entropy and Identification Capacity Estimation Based on Pixel-Level Generative Modelling

A family of texture-based generative models for fingerprint images is proposed. The generative models are used to estimate upper bounds on the image entropy for systems with small sensor acquisition. The identification capacity of such systems is then estimated using the mutual information between different samples from the same finger. Similar to the generative model for entropy estimation, pixel-level model families are proposed for estimating the similarity between fingerprint images with a given global affine transformation. These models are used for mutual information estimation, and are also adopted to compensate for local deformations between samples. Finally, it is shown that sensor sizes as small as $52\times 52$ pixels are potentially sufficient to discriminate populations as large as the entire world population that ever lived, given that the complexity-unconstrained recognition algorithm is available which operates on the lowest possible pixel level.

Uso concurrente de elementos gráficos para potenciar la identificación tipológica de un producto a través del envase: estudio de caso en los refrescos de cola

En el proceso de reconocimiento y selección de productos en los lineales del punto de venta es esencial identificar eficazmente las diferentes tipologías de producto para evitar confusiones molestas o, incluso, graves (personas diabéticas, por ejemplo). En este contexto, la función de la representación visual es fundamental.La presente investigación de carácter cuasiexperimental profundiza sobre esta cuestión y aborda la concurrencia de un texto y de un marcador cromático en el diseño del envase. Dicha circunstancia incrementaría la capacidad de identificación tipológica de los productos cuando se ubican en el punto de venta.

NLOS Mitigation in Sparse Anchor Environments with the Misclosure Check Algorithm

The presence of None-line-of-sight (NLOS) is one of the major challenging issues in time of arrival (TOA) based source localization, especially for the sparse anchor scenarios. Sparse anchors can reduce the system deployment cost, so this has become increasingly popular in the source location. However, fewer anchors bring new challenges to ensure localization precision and reliability, especially in NLOS environments. The maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is the most popular location estimator for its simplicity and efficiency, while it becomes extremely difficult to reliably identify the NLOS measurements when the redundant observations are not enough. In this study, we proposed an NLOS detection algorithm called misclosure check (MC) to overcome this issue, which intends to provide a more reliable location in the sparse anchor environment. The MC algorithm checks the misclosure of different triangles and then obtains the possible NLOS from these misclosures. By forming multiple misclosure conditions, the MC algorithm can identify NLOS measurements reliably, even in a sparse anchor environment. The performance of the MC algorithm is evaluated in a typical sparse anchor environment and the results indicate that the MC algorithm achieves promising NLOS identification capacity without abundant redundant measurements. The real data test also confirmed that the MC algorithm achieves better position precision than other three robust location estimators in an NLOS environment since it can correctly identify more NLOS measurements.

Do new first year students seek optimal distinctiveness in a new learning environment?

The learning experience of the first year student joining Higher Education Institutions (HEI) can be examined from a number of perspectives and we focus upon the development of identity within that new learning environment. A conceptual framework is presented to argue that the tension between distinctiveness and social identification of the learner with the environment, contributes to how the learner engages in that environment through their processing style. A supporting empirical analysis explores this argument for a small sample of new first year students in two UK HEIs studying business modules. We determine that students exhibit cognitive dissonance through exercising a dominant processing style that is not primarily seeking to identify with that learning environment whilst also recognising the benefits of a more engaged processing style aligned with greater identification with their peer group. We propose therefore there is a need for the development of social identification capacity within new students.

Importancia de las competencias genéricas en la formación del Abogado, una apreciación de docentes

La entrada de las competencias en la educación superior, da cuenta de la necesidad de conectar el mundo educativo con el mundo laboral. Es necesario conocer qué competencias genéricas son importantes en la formación del abogado, desde la percepción de los docentes como actores del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje. El estudio de tipo cuantitativo responde a un diseño descriptivo del estado de la formación de competencias en los estudiantes de Derecho. La investigación de corte transversal recolectó datos en un solo momento, su propósito fue analizar la incidencia de la importancia de las competencias genéricas en una población.
 Existe coincidencia en el orden de importancia en dos competencias de las consideradas como más importantes para los docentes de Derecho con el proyecto Tuning Latinoamérica: Capacidad de abstracción, análisis y síntesis y Capacidad para identificar, plantear y resolver problemas. Mientras que con el proyecto Tuning Europa, se presentan también dos coincidencias: Conocimientos generales básicos y Capacidad crítica y autocrítica.
 Las normas ecuatorianas demandan un cambio en la agenda de la docencia universitaria, sin embargo, una educación por competencias con docentes de Derecho alejados del libre ejercicio profesional por la carga laboral pone en duda el desarrollo de competencias en los estudiantes universitarios.

Parameter Identification for Structural Health Monitoring with Extended Kalman Filter Considering Integration and Noise Effect

Since physical parameters are much more sensitive than modal parameters, structural parameter identification with an extended Kalman filter (EKF) has received extensive attention in structural health monitoring for civil engineering structures. In this paper, EKF-based parameter identification technique is studied with numerical and experimental approaches. A four-degree-of-freedom (4-DOF) system is simulated and analyzed as an example. Different integration methods are examined and their influence to the final identification results of the structural stiffness and damping is also studied. Furthermore, the effect of different kinds of noise is studied as well. Identification results show that the convergence speed and estimation accuracy under Gaussian noises are better than those under non-Gaussian noises. Finally, experiments with a five-story steel frame are conducted to verify the damage identification capacity of the EKF. The results show that stiffness with different damage degrees can be identified effectively, which indicates that the EKF is capable of being applied for damage identification and health monitoring for civil engineering structures.

Identification of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): an external quality assessment of medical entomology laboratories in the MediLabSecure Network

BackgroundIdentification of vectors is of prime importance in the field of medical entomology for both operational and research purposes. An external quality assessment of mosquito identification capacities was carried out within the MediLabSecure Network, which is composed of laboratories located in 19 countries close to the European Union around the Mediterranean and Black seas.MethodsA set of blind samples consisting of 7 or 8 adult mosquitoes and 4 larvae was given to each participant laboratory. In all, 138 adult mosquitoes and 76 larvae of different species were distributed for genus and species identification.ResultsAll identifications were exclusively morphology based. Overall, 81% of identifications were correct at the genus level, 64% at the species level. The results were highly varied among the 19 participating laboratories. The levels of correct identifications were: 100% (three laboratories), 90–95% (four laboratories), 50–75% (six laboratories) and < 50% (six laboratories).ConclusionsThis evaluation showed the need to maintain efforts in capacity building and quality control in the field of medical entomology and, more specifically, in the morphological identification of the Culicidae.

A whole of school intervention for personality disorder and self-harm in youth: a pilot study of changes in teachers\u2019 attitudes, knowledge and skills

BackgroundThe school environment offers an ideal opportunity for early identification and intervention for youth with self-harm and complex mental health issues, such as borderline personality disorder (BPD). Yet, class teachers often report minimal knowledge, feeling ill-equipped to respond, and experience high levels of stress when exposed to such challenges. Research is required to understand how training and development activities led by school counsellors may enhance teacher attitudes, confidence and knowledge of self-harm and complex mental health issues, such as BPD. We aimed to explore the extent that a whole of school initiative might enhance capacity for early identification and intervention.Method18 secondary schools implemented a manualised program, Project Air Strategy for Schools. N = 400 class teachers (71.3% female, mean age 42 years) across city and rural locations were evaluated before and after program implementation on attitudes, knowledge and skills.ResultsProviding class teachers with additional training on complex mental health issues and associated behaviours such as self-harm was well received. Participants reported post-program improvements in their optimism (d = .35), confidence (d = .63), knowledge (d = .73) and skills (d = 0.67) in working with young people with complex mental health issues, such as BPD.ConclusionsProviding school counsellor led structured approaches, to help class teachers identify and respond to youth in distress, closed identified gaps. Results indicated improvements in class teachers’ knowledge and attitudes towards self-harm and BPD. The intervention also improved the capacity of schools to plan and implement strategies to reduce the impact of mental health problems on the young person and their peers. A stay-at-school psychological care approach was fostered by enhancing partnerships between class teachers and school counsellors.

“The Slaves Who Were Ourselves”: The Politics of Identification in Ntozake Shange’s Sassafrass, Cypress &amp; Indigo

This essay examines Ntozake Shange’s critique of identity politics in Sassafrass, Cypress & Indigo. The multiple foci of the novel allow Shange to examine the pitfalls of identity politics and suggest an alternative politics of identification. The stories of the elder sisters, Sassafrass and Cypress, dovetail into each other. Sassafrass struggles against the misogyny within the Black Arts Movement, while Cypress gains insight into the inhumanity at the heart of gender separatism. Indigo, the youngest, stays in the South and trains as a healer and a midwife. Indigo shows a great capacity for identification from an early age. Her violin playing serves as an intersubjective medium, allowing her to identify with and heal her listeners. This psychic process enables Indigo to forge new alliances across culturally constructed lines of identity while widening the imagination of social justice. Shange ends her novel by celebrating the everyday as the site where identities are constantly made and remade in search of a broader community.

Lys-C/Arg-C, a More Specific and Efficient Digestion Approach for Proteomics Studies.

Nowadays, bottom-up approaches are predominantly adopted in proteomics studies, which necessitate a proteolysis step prior to MS analysis. Trypsin is often the best protease in choice due to its high specificity and MS-favored proteolytic products. A lot of efforts have been made to develop a superior digestion approach but hardly succeed, especially in large-scale proteomics studies. Herein, we report a new tandem digestion using Lys-C and Arg-C, termed Lys-C/Arg-C, which has been proven to be more specific and efficient than trypsin digestion. Reanalysis of our previous data ( Anal. Chem. 2018, 90 (3), 1554-1559) revealed that both Lys-C and Arg-C are trypsin-like proteases and perform better when considered as trypsin. In particular, for Arg-C, the identification capacity is increased to 2.6 times and even comparable with trypsin. The good complementarity, high digestion efficiency, and high specificity of Lys-C and Arg-C prompt the Lys-C/Arg-C digestion. We systematically evaluated Lys-C/Arg-C digestion using qualitative and quantitative proteomics approaches and confirmed its superior performance in digestion specificity, efficiency, and identification capacity to the currently widely used trypsin and Lys-C/trypsin digestions. As a result, we concluded that the Lys-C/Arg-C digestion approach would be the choice of next-generation digestion approach in both qualitative and quantitative proteomics studies. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD009797.

A Dimethyl-Labeling-Based Strategy for Site-Specifically Quantitative Chemical Proteomics.

Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) has emerged as a powerful functional chemoproteomic strategy which enables global profiling of proteome reactivity toward bioactive small molecules in complex biological and/or pathological processes. To quantify the degree of reactivity in a site-specific manner, an isotopic tandem orthogonal proteolysis (isoTOP)-ABPP strategy has been developed; however, the high cost and long workflow associated with the synthesis of isotopically labeled cleavable tags limit its wide use. Herein, we combined reductive dimethyl labeling with TOP-ABPP to develop a fast, affordable, and efficient method, termed "rdTOP-ABPP", for quantitative chemical proteomics with site-specific precision and triplex quantification. The rdTOP-ABPP method shows high accuracy and precision, good reproducibility, and better capacity for site identification and quantification and is highly compatible with many commercially available cleavable tags. We demonstrated the power of rdTOP-ABPP by profiling the target of (1 S,3 R)-RSL3, a canonical inducer for cell ferroptosis, and provided the first global portrait of its proteome reactivity in a quantitative and site-specific manner.

Pain management agency among nurses in intensive care unit of Class III Grade A hospitals in Shanghai

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of management among nurses in intensive care unit (ICU) of four Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Shanghai Municipality and to explore the influence of knowledge and attitude of management on behavior of management. Methods From September to December 2015, we selected 169 nurses of ICU in four Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Shanghai Municipality by convenience sampling. They were investigated with the knowledge and attitude of management questionnaire and management behavior questionnaire in ICU. The SPSS 18.0 was used to statistical analysis. Results The average score of knowledge and attitude of management questionnaire was (16.40±3.24) with the correct rate of 41%. There was a statistical difference in the score of management behavior questionnaire of nurses with or without suffering severe (P 0.05) . The correct rate (2.37%) of case one decision on using analgesic was the lowest and the correct rate (73.37%) of adjusting the initial doses of opioid drugs according to patients' reactions was the lowest in the knowledge and attitude of management questionnaire. The highest rate of assessment (86.59%) was distorted face due to pain in management behavior. The utilization rate of assessment instrument by nurses in ICU was 98.80% during work. Conclusions Pain management agency of nurses in ICU of ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Shanghai Municipality is insufficient mainly reflecting on analgesic drugs knowledge, weak capacity of intervention and identification with behavior which needs improvement. Key words: Intensive care units; Nurses; Pain; Nursing care; Cross-sectional studies