Capacity Of Capacitor Bank Research Articles

Identification of the impact of electric pulse action on the disintegration of a natural mineral

The work is devoted to the study of the electric pulse disintegration of a natural mineral. The object of the study is the natural mineral quartzite of the Aktas deposit of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For the destruction and grinding of quartzite, a working cell of an electric pulse unit was developed. Electric pulse crushing is a modern technique for grinding a variety of materials, which provides the desired degree of grinding with a certain granulometric composition of the product and has a high ability of selective crushing. With the help of this technology, quartzite grinding was carried out with an increase in the capacity of capacitor banks from 0.25 mF to 1 mF, the pulse discharge voltage changed from 20 kV to 30 kV, the number of pulse discharges from 500 to 1,000, the inner diameter of the working cell from 60 mm to 80 mm. The results of the disintegration of a natural mineral by the electric pulse method allowed us to determine the degree of grinding of the finished product. The obtained results can be used in the study and optimization of the extraction of natural minerals, which is important for ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources and balanced economic development. Crushed quartzite is used in various industries, including the production of optical fibers, electronics and photovoltaic devices. A material with a particle diameter of 0.1 to 0.4 millimeters is used to create glass, ceramic and porcelain products, as well as insulation materials. Due to its homogeneous composition containing up to 98 % silicon oxide (SiO2) and excellent absorbent properties, quartz sand is also used as a filter material for water purification

Penentuan Lokasi dan Kapasitas Kapasitor Bank pada Jaringan Distribusi Penyulang Americano untuk Meminimalkan Rugi-Rugi Daya dengan Metode Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)

The installation of capacitor banks is one way to reduce power losses and increase the voltage profile. Banks capacitor will supply capacitive reactive power, so that the impedance value can be reduced resistance. The increase in resistance leads to a decrease in the voltage profile and an increase in power reduction. Based on data from the simulation experiment with software ETAP 19.01, the highest decrease in voltage profile in Americano feeder at daylight load was 4.1 kV with total power losses of 449.5 kW and during night loads of 6 kV with total power losses of 917 kW. Based on this, the adding of capacitor banks is carried out using the Gray Wolf Optimizer (GWO) method to help the process of finding the location and capacity of capacitor banks. Decrease in active power loss after installing the capacitor bank during daytime loads was 148.5 kW, with an increase in the average voltage of 1,212 kV and during night loads was 374 kW, with an increase in the average voltage of 1.46 kV. Determining the location and capacity of the capacitor bank, the value of the power decrease and the maximum voltage profile increase are obtained.

A Newly Hybrid Method Based on Cuckoo Search and Sunflower Optimization for Optimal Power Flow Problem

The paper proposes a new hybrid method based on cuckoo search (CSA) and sunflower optimization (SFO) approach (called HCSA-SFO) for improving the performance of solutions in the optimization power system operation problem. In the power system, the optimal power flow (OPF) problem is one of the important factors which usually minimizes total cost and total active power losses while satisfying all constraints of the output power of generators, the voltage at buses, power flow on branches, the capacity of capacitor banks and steps of transformer taps. HCSA-SFO utilizes the mutation and selection mechanism in the SFO algorithm to replace the Lévy flights function in CSA. Hence, this makes HCSA-SFO avoid the fixed step size in the CSA from that can reduce run time and improve the quality of solution for the HCSA-SFO algorithm in the OPF problem. The proposed hybrid technique is simulated on the 30-buses and 118-buses systems. The obtained simulation results from the suggested technique are compared to many other approaches. The result comparisons in different cases showed that the suggested HCSA-SFO can achieve a better result than many other optimization approaches. Therefore, the suggested HCSA-SFO is also an effective approach for dealing with the OPF problem.

Large-scale sheet deformation process by electromagnetic incremental forming combined with stretch forming

Large-size sheet parts manufacturing requires huge forming machines in spinning and sheet hydroforming. In addition, large part cannot be shaped by conventional electromagnetic forming method due to the limitation of the strength of working coil and the capacity of capacitor bank. In this paper, a new method denoted as electromagnetic incremental forming combined with stretch forming is proposed, which was adopted for manufacturing large-size and thin-walled ellipsoidal parts. A 3D finite element model is established to analyze the effect of the number of coils, coils moving path on forming quality. The effect of the subsequent deformation on deformed sheet region, material flowing and the distribution of stress in special elements are also discussed. Then, the experimental platform designed based on FEM is used to manufacture the large-size parts after 36 times discharging and 6 times stretching. The simulation has a good agreement with experiment results. In comparison with single point incremental forming, the thickness thinning is sharply decreased using the new method.

Electromagnetic incremental forming (EMIF): A novel aluminum alloy sheet and tube forming technology

Large parts cannot be shaped by conventional electromagnetic forming method due to the limitation of the strength of working coil and the capacity of capacitor bank. In this paper, based on the principle of single point incremental forming, a new method named electromagnetic incremental forming (EMIF) has been proposed. The method makes use of a small coil and small discharge energy to cause workpiece local deformation in a high speed. Finally, all local deformations accumulate into large parts. For the electromagnetic incremental sheet forming, the effect factors of processing parameters namely discharge voltage, vent hole, discharging times in a fixed position and the number of discharge region, on final sheet shape are investigated by using AA3003 aluminum alloy parts. In addition, two different simulation strategies are proposed to predict electromagnetic incremental sheet and tube forming process. For method 1: the technology like “birth–death element” is used to indirectly describe the movement of the coil and the morphing technology is used to make the air change with the workpiece deformation. For method 2: the coil can directly move to a special position and the remesh technology is used to consider the effect of the workpiece deformation and the movement of coil on magnetic analysis. It is found that method 1 cannot be used for electromagnetic incremental sheet forming process if overlap region exists in two adjacent discharge regions. However, method 1 can successfully predict electromagnetic incremental tube forming. And method 2 can be used for electromagnetic incremental sheet or tube forming. Both of the experimental and simulation results demonstrate that this new technology is feasible to produce large part.

Reactive Power Compensation and Configuration of Wind Farm

Wind turbine absorbs reactive power while generating active power. Seriously, it causes voltage drop or even voltage collapse. It is needed to compensate reactive power. In this paper, a combination of capacitor bank and SVC is used in wind farm. Equivalent circuit of two kinds of wind turbine is described firstly. Then, equation of reactive power and active power is derived. Then an optimization method is used to calculate capacity of capacitor bank and SVC. Finally, load flow of IEEE14 system with a wind farm connected to it is calculated to verify the effect of reactive power compensation.

Effects of various working conditions on tube bulging by electromagnetic forming

Electromagnetic forming is one kind of plastic working, called high-energy-rate forming method. There are two types of electromagnetic forming. One is called the solenoidal coil method[1], and other is called as the direct electrode contact method[2] in which the discharge current flows directly through the workpiece. The tube bulging using solenoidal coil has been described in many papers[3,5], in the previous papers, the influence of the magnetic field and skin depth and the optimum working conditions have not been investigated.In the electromagnetic forming, tubular bulging depends on the working conditions. For example, the tube can hardly be formed, when the capacitor bank is highly charged even through a large current flows into the forming coil. In this paper, considering the influence of changing of the magnetic field and skin depth on the forming tube, the magnetic pressure is deviated. Using the magnetic pressure, the effects of changing the working conditions such as the capacity of capacitor bank, the length of solenoidal coil were analytically and experimentally investigated for the electromagnetic forming process and the forming efficiency.