Calculation Of Pressure Field Research Articles

Investigation on algorithms for simulating large deformation and impact loads

It is a challenge to simulate the hydrodynamic problems covering the large deformation of the free surface arising in severe circumstances with intense flow. This paper investigates algorithms based on the moving particle semi-implicit method for simulating large deformation and impact loads. The algorithm discretizes the fluid domain into a series of particles, each representing a part of the fluid. The pressure field calculation is implicit, and the velocity field calculation is explicit. Three models, including the gradient model, source term, and free-surface detection, have been improved and compared to determine which improvement is the best to enhance the accuracy and stability. The enhanced pressure gradient guarantees that momentum conservation can be satisfied. Particle density and velocity divergence are incompressible conditions combined in the mixed source term approach. The arc approach is used in the free-surface judging process. The results show that the combination of three models is the most effective in exploring the problems of hydrodynamic pressure and dam break. The issue of liquid sloshing including roll and sway investigates the effect of the initial distance and time step. It is found that the simulation accuracy of impact pressure can be increased as the initial distance and the time step decrease. Finally, the free surface breaking and liquid splashing phenomena are easily observed, and the method can accurately simulate the massive deformation of the free surface. These findings are helpful for hazard assessments of the various fluid mechanics-related problems.

Error propagation dynamics of PIV-based pressure field calculation (3): what is the minimum resolvable pressure in a reconstructed field?

An analytical framework for the propagation of velocity errors into PIV-based pressure calculation is extended. Based on this framework, the optimal spatial resolution and the corresponding minimum field-wide error level in the calculated pressure field are determined. This minimum error can be viewed as the smallest resolvable pressure. We find that the optimal spatial resolution is a function of the flow features (patterns and length scales), fundamental properties of the flow domain (e.g., geometry of the flow domain and the type of the boundary conditions), in addition to the error in the PIV experiments, and the choice of numerical methods. Making a general statement about pressure sensitivity is difficult. The minimum resolvable pressure depends on competing effects from the experimental error due to PIV and the truncation error from the numerical solver, which is affected by the formulation of the solver. This means that PIV experiments motivated by pressure measurements should be carefully designed so that the optimal resolution (or close to the optimal resolution) is used. Flows (and $$5\times 10^4$$ ) with exact solutions are used as examples to validate the theoretical predictions of the optimal spatial resolutions and pressure sensitivity. The numerical experimental results agree well with the rigorous analytical predictions. We also propose a posterior method to estimate the contribution of truncation error using Richardson extrapolation and that of PIV error by adding artificially overwhelming noise. We also provide an introductory analysis of the effects of interrogation window overlap in PIV in the context of the pressure calculation.

Application of phase field model coupled with convective effects in binary alloy directional solidification and roll casting processes

Based on the Kim-Kim-Suzuki (KKS) phase field model coupled with the thermodynamic parameters, the transformation process from columnar dendrites to equiaxed crystals during directional solidification of aluminium alloy was simulated, and the effects of phase field parameters on the growth morphology and dendrite segregation were discussed. Furthermore, considering the effect of the microcosmic flow field, the convection influence gradient term is introduced into KKS formula near the solid-liquid interface, and the phase field model considering flow field was applied to the inherent convective environment of the actual roll casting process, also the multiple dendrites growth behavior of magnesium alloy under the action of microscopic convection was further explored. When coupling calculation of microscopic velocity field and pressure field, the staggered grid method was used to deal with the complex interface. The combined solution of Marker in Cell (MAC) algorithm and phase field discrete calculation was realized. In order to further describe the influence of convection on the solidification process, the roll casting experiments are used to verify the impact growth of multiple dendrites under convection. The results show that the dendrites undergo solute remelting and the dendrites melt into equiaxed crystals, showing the phenomenon of Columnar to Equiaxed Transition (CET).

Poromechanical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation.

Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is an important technique for enhancing the permeability of petroleum and gas reservoirs. To understand the coupling response mechanism of fluid pressure and in situ stress during the expansion of hydraulic fractures—based on the theory of the fluid flow of seepage porous media and damage mechanics—a poromechanical model of hydraulic fracture propagation is proposed and the finite element method (FEM) numerical weak coupling calculation method of hydraulic fracturing is realized. First, the effect of the coupling stress field is described by introducing the β value of the amount of pore volume that varies, resulting from internal pressure per unit of fluid internal, and the coupling calculation method of the pore pressure-effective stress-element damage-pore pressure expansion coefficient is formulated. Second, based on the concept of damage localization, a calculation method for the hydraulic fracture opening equation is proposed, and then the element damage-hydraulic fracture opening-permeability tensor-pore pressure field calculation cycle is established. The model indicates four stages of fracture propagation: I, fracture nucleation, II, kinetic propagation, III, steady propagation, and IV, propagation termination. Finally, as an example, a numerical simulation of three-dimension hydraulic fracturing is performed. In comparison to previous research, the morphology of the fracture zone and the fluid pressure contour of the horizontal section are approximately ellipses, which verify the feasibility of the weak coupling calculation method; the fracture parameters verify its accuracy, which include the length, width, and fluid pressure.

A RANS approach to the meshless computation of pressure fields from Image Velocimetry

We propose a 3D meshless method to compute mean pressure fields in turbulent flows from image velocimetry. The method is an extension of the constrained Radial Basis Function (RBF) formulation by Sperotto et al. (2022) to a Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) framework. This is designed to handle both scattered data as in Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) and data in uniform grids as in correlation-based Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The RANS extension includes the Reynolds stresses into the constrained least square problem. We test the approach on a numerical database featuring a Backward Facing Step (BFS) with a Reynolds number of 6400 (defined with respect to the inlet velocity and step height), obtained via Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS).

Simulation Opportunities by a Three-dimensional Calculation of Injection Moulding based on the Finite Element Method

Abstract The simulation of injection moulding is essential to meet quality requirements and to increase the efficiency of the design process. In this paper a 3D-finite element model for the simulation of injection moulding is presented. The model's capability comprises the calculation of velocity, pressure and temperature fields as well as the prediction of the flow front position. The numerical approach is mainly based on the Galerkin formulation. Special emphasis is placed on the handling of polymer compressibility in order to enable a realistic simulation of the packing phase. The numerical efficiency has been largely enhanced through the employment of an automatic time step control. In order to demonstrate the code's capabilities and outline advantages and disadvantages over other simulation systems, the calculation results are compared to experimental data and to results obtained from other numerical models.

Error propagation dynamics of velocimetry-based pressure field calculations (2): on the error profile

This work investigates the propagation of error in a Velocimetry-based Pressure field reconstruction (VPressure) problem to determine and explain the effects of error profile of the data on the error propagation. The results discussed are an extension to those found in Pan et al. (2016). We first show how to determine the upper bound of the error in the pressure field, and that this worst scenario for error in the data field is unique and depends on the characteristics of the domain. We then show that the error propagation for a V-Pressure problem is analogous to elastic deformation in, for example, a Euler-Bernoulli beam or Kirchhoff-Love plate for one- and two-dimensional problems, respectively. Finally, we discuss the difference in error propagation near Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, and explain the behavior using Green’s function and the solid mechanics analogy. The methods discussed in this paper will benefit the community in two ways: i) to give experimentalists intuitive and quantitative insights to design tests that minimize error propagation for a V-pressure problem, and ii) to create tests with significant error propagation for the benchmarking of V-Pressure solvers or algorithms. This paper is intended as a summary of recent research conducted by the authors, whereas the full work has been recently published (Faiella et al., 2021).

Error propagation dynamics of PIV-based pressure field calculation (3): What is the minimum resolvable pressure in a reconstructed field?

An analytical framework for the propagation of velocity errors into PIV-based pressure calculation is established. Based on this framework, the optimal spatial resolution and the corresponding minimum field-wide error level in the calculated pressure field are estimated. This minimum error is viewed as the smallest resolvable pressure. We find that the optimal spatial resolution is a function of the flow features, geometry of the flow domain, and the type of the boundary conditions, in addition to the error in the PIV experiments, making a general statement about pressure sensitivity is difficult. The minimum resolvable pressure is affected by competing effects from the experimental error due to PIV and the truncation error from the numerical solver. This means that PIV experiments motivated by pressure measurements must be carefully designed so that the optimal resolution (or close to the optimal resolution) is used. Flows (Re=1.27 × 104 and 5×104) with exact solutions are used as examples to validate the theoretical predictions of the optimal spatial resolutions and pressure sensitivity. The numerical experimental results agree well with the analytical predictions.

Error propagation dynamics of velocimetry-based pressure field calculations (2): on the error profile

A recent study investigated the propagation of error in a velocimetry-based pressure (V-pressure) field reconstruction problem by directly analyzing the properties of the pressure Poisson equation (Pan et al 2016 Meas. Sci. Technol. 27 084012). In the present work, we extend these results by quantifying the effect of the error profile in the data field (shape/structure of the error in space) on the resultant error in the reconstructed pressure field. We first calculate the mode of the error in the data that maximizes error in the pressure field, which is the most dangerous error (called the worst error in the present work). This calculation of the worst error is equivalent to finding the principle mode of, for example, an Euler–Bernoulli beam problem in one-dimension and the Kirchhoff–Love plate in two-dimensions, thus connecting the V-pressure problem from experimental fluid mechanics to buckling elastic bodies from elastic mechanics. Taking advantage of this analogy, we then analyze how the error profile (e.g. spatial frequency of the error and the location of the most concentrated error) in the data field coupled with fundamental features of the flow domain (i.e. size, shape, and dimension of the domain, and the configuration of boundary conditions) significantly affects the error propagation from data to the reconstructed pressure. Our analytical results lend to practical applications in two ways. First, minimization of error propagation can be achieved by avoiding low frequency error profiles in data similar to the worst case scenarios and error concentrated at sensitive locations. Second, small amounts of the error in the data, if the error profile is similar to the worst error case, can cause significant error in the reconstructed pressure field; such a synthetic error can be used to benchmark V-pressure algorithms.

Enhancement of δ-SPH for ocean engineering applications through incorporation of a background mesh scheme

The improved Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method with numerical diffusive terms, which is referred to as δ-SPH, has been widely applied into the studies of engineering problems, especially in the fields of ocean and coastal engineering. Nonetheless, there are still some drawbacks associated with δ-SPH model as in case of other particle methods. These drawbacks correspond to presence of unphysical pressure noise as well as imprecise satisfaction of dynamic free-surface boundary condition in numerical simulations. Through derivation and implementation of a so-called Background Mesh (BM) scheme and enforcing the spatial continuity of calculated source term of pressure equation (Equation of State; EOS), we present enhancements for δ-SPH in providing a more accurate pressure field as well as a more precise reproduction of free-surface. The enhancing effects of the newly proposed δ-SPH+BM are portrayed through several ocean engineering-related test cases including dam break and violent sloshing flows in both two and three dimensions. The incorporation of BM scheme is shown to result in enhanced calculation of pressure field as well as improved satisfaction of dynamic free-surface boundary condition as a consequence of enhanced density and pressure fields.

Применение прямого метода моделирования нагрузок к анализу прочности корпуса катамарана

This paper discusses three-dimensional formulation for the problem of external forces acting on catamaran hull, as well as performs stress-strain state analysis of the structures affected by the loads thus calculated. The purpose of this study was to develop a modern methodology for joint solution to the first and the second problem of naval structural mechanics based on panelpotential and finite-element models in three-dimensional formulation for the conditions of still water and regular waves. The study discusses various formulations of the problem and various methods of external force calculation. External load is estimated in two formulations: static (based on hydrostatic methods) and stationary dynamic (based on the linear theory of ship motions). Also, external forces and their respective stresses were estimated as per the procedure of the classification society. The case study of a catamaran illustrates the process of load calculation and stress-strain analysis, giving the results for various external forces, with their assessment and analysis of internal forces and displacements induced by them. The study yielded rather handy technique for stress-strain analysis of catamaran hull in 3D formulation, including spatial static trimming in still water and in waves of given profile, as well as calculation of displacement amplitudes in regular waves, calculation of phase pressure fields and accelerations on catamaran hull, with further export of calculated external loads to FE analysis software for stressstrain investigation of structurally similar model needed to understand how conservative this model is.

In silico total hip replacement wear testing in the framework of ISO 14242-3 accounting for mixed elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication effects

Currently, preclinical wear tests for total hip replacements is carried out by using mechanical simulators under a simplified normal gait cycle as recommended by the international guidelines ISO-14242. Nevertheless, the wear tests have a long duration and are expensive so that the aim of this paper was to propose a novel in silico approach for wear calculation in lubricated total hip replacements.The proposed in silico simulation is based on the accurate modelling of the tribological phenomena acting in the joint during certain kinematical and dynamical conditions under non-Newtonian unsteady mixed elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication conditions (MEHL). The analyzed hip joint is modeled as soft polymeric acetabular cup, PE GUR1020 (EtO), against hard metallic CoCrMo femoral head. The calculation of the fluid film pressure field within the joint gap is achieved during the in silico simulations by imposing the ISO 14242-3 kinematics and dynamics, to evaluate the cumulated wear volume over a single gait cycle by using a modified Archard’s model.The main purpose of this study is to propose an in-silico wear calculation approach reproducing the classical in vitro wear testing of total hip replacements accounting for unsteady synovial lubrication effects between the femoral head and the acetabular cup. The predicted wear, extrapolated from a novel proposed approach based on the wear slopes, was compared with the value from in vitro simulations showing a satisfactory agreement, allowing the authors to conclude that the proposed model is suitable to be used as in silico hip joint wear simulator.

Development of computationally efficient augmented Lagrangian SPH for incompressible flows and its quantitative comparison with WCSPH simulating flow past a circular cylinder

SummaryIn Lagrangian particle‐based methods such as smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), computing totally divergence‐free velocity field in a flow domain with the smallest error possible is the most critical issue, which might be achieved through solving pressure Poisson equation implicitly with higher particle resolutions. However, implicit solutions are computationally expensive and may be particularly challenging in the solution of multiphase flows with highly nonlinear deformations as well as fluid‐structure interaction problems. Augmented Lagrangian SPH (ALSPH) method is a new alternative algorithm as a prevalent pressure solver where the divergence‐free velocity field is achieved by iterative calculation of velocity and pressure fields. This study investigates the performance of the ALSPH technique by solving a challenging flow problem such as two‐dimensional flow around a cylinder within the Reynolds number range of 50 to 500 in terms of improved robustness, accuracy, and computational efficiency. The same flow conditions are also simulated using the conventional weakly compressible SPH (WCSPH) method. The results of ALSPH and WCSPH solutions are not only compared in terms of numerical validation/verification studies, but also rigorous investigations are performed for all related physical flow characteristics, namely, hydrodynamic coefficients, frequency domain analyses, and velocity divergence fields.

Sensitivity and phase response of FBG based acousto-optic sensors for real-time MRI applications.

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensors have recently been introduced to the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Real-time MRI applications demand highly amplitude and phase sensitive MRI compatible sensors. Thus, a model and detailed analysis of FBG based ultrasound detection are required for designing better performing sensors. A hybrid FBG model incorporating numerical and FEA methods was developed and used for sensitivity and linearity analysis. The transfer matrix method was used for the modeling of optical modulation whereas FEA was used for pressure field calculations within the grating. The model was verified through reflection spectrum and acoustic pressure sensitivity testing of two π-phase shifted FBGs in a side slope read-out configuration. The sensitivity curves with respect to the operation point on the side slope was characterized in terms of amplitude and phase, and nonlinearity of the phase response has been quantified. Lastly, the impact of phase linearity of the FBG based acousto-optic sensor was tested under MRI when the sensor was used as a position marker and an analog phase shifter based solution was demonstrated.

Comparison of Propagation Models for the Characterization of Sound Pressure Fields

This paper aimed at comparing different propagation models for the calculation of sound pressure fields in the ocean as well as sound exposure levels. The chosen models are freely available and commonly used by the general underwater acoustics community when sound propagation losses need to be predicted in an ocean environment. The models used were Ocean Acoustics and Seismic Exploration Synthesis (OASES), RAM, Bellhop, and Kraken, which are all based on different approximations of the wave equation. The comparison exercise was carried out by calculating propagation loss, sound pressure waveforms, and sound exposure levels produced by a modeled air gun source. Calculations were performed for a simple range-independent problem of a Pekeris waveguide and produced insights into applicability of each model with regards to near- and far-fields, as well as low and high frequencies for example. Two of the models, RAM and Bellhop, which are suitable to range-dependent problems, were also used to solve a slightly complex case having a sloping bottom. It is hoped that the results presented here will be particularly useful to those who need to use propagation models for marine environmental and bioacoustics studies.

Calculation of static pressure field of liquid phase in the active zone of cavitation-jet deaerator

In cavitation-jet deaerators, the process of desorption of dissolved gases proceeds when boiling overheated water is directed in the form of a swirling vortex flow into the rarefaction zone. The removal of gases is carried out from the cavitation pocket formed along the flow axis. Such deaerators are characterized by relatively low efficiency. However, their small dimensions and the ability to work without supplying a heating coolant make them useful in cases where effective deaerators of other types cannot be applied by weight and size characteristics or temperature conditions. The expansion of the scope of practical application of cavitation-jet deaerators is hampered by the lack of appropriate mathematical description that would allow solving the problems of their schematic and constructive improvement. One of the main tasks in this case is to calculate the static pressure field of the liquid phase in the deaerator core. There are no ready-made solutions to this problem in the framework of previous studies. Thus, it is relevant from scientific and practical viewpoint to develop a simulation model of active zone of cavitation-jet deaerator, which allows determining the hydrodynamic characteristics of water flows and gas-vapor mixture when the elements, the mode of water supply and drainage evaporation change. Modeling the hydrodynamic situation in the active zone of cavitation-jet deaerator is based on the numerical solution for the Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation. These equations are written in the Reynolds decomposition. In this case, the standard k- turbulence model is used to obtain a preliminary solution, which is then refined during the transition to the SST turbulence model. The model is implemented by means of a software package for calculating fluid flows FlowVision. For the first time, a simulation model of the active zone of cavitation-jet deaerator was developed, which made it possible to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of water flows and gas mixture when the elements design, the mode of water supply and drainage evaporation change. The field of static pressures of liquid phase in the active zone of cavitation-jet deaerator is determined. The results obtained do not contradict the published data describing the operation of cavitation-jet deaerators. In particular, they confirm an increase in the probability of deaerator overflow when gas exhaust is turned on. The results also prove the presence of a significant dependence of the deaeration efficiency on the hydraulic resistance of the evaporation suction tract. Based on the results obtained, a mathematical model of the deaeration process under the considered conditions can be developed.

Kinematic and Dynamic Characteristics of Pulsating Flow in 180�Tube

Pulsating flow in a human aortic arch is studied from its kinematic and dynamic characteristics of transient tubular boundary layer. The results can only be obtained by a 3D fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis for the rapidly accelerated and decelerated systolic flow. The flow is based on a prescribed inlet velocity, V_O(t), which can be expressed as the instantaneous Reynolds number, <b>Re</b>(t) = ρDV_O/μ in which D is the tube diameter, ρ the blood density and μ the dynamic viscosity. Computation of pressure field requires a reference pressure at the downstream end section. The pressure is based on the pulse in Professor Y. C. Fung’s book on Biomechanics: Circulation. The finite volume method of an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations developed by Hirt et al. is used [2]. <br/> The results in the figure include pressure contours on the symmetric plane for <b>Re</b> = 12097, the longitudinal velocity and pressure distributions on a cross section ф = 113°. The peak systole is developed from t = 0.15 to 0.26 sec. At t = 0.18 sec. the instantaneous <b>Re</b> reaches 5104; the velocity and pressure are dominated by the rapid boundary layer development from the onset systole. The curvature effect is coupled with flow acceleration for spatial and temporal growth of boundary layer. The longitudinal velocity distribution developed from the inlet to section ф = 113° shows higher velocity occurred along the inner bend. The growth of tubular boundary layer is associated with a transient irrotational core. Similar phenomena appear in the upstream and downstream sections for spatial growth of boundary layer in early systole. The pressure distribution at the section shows higher pressure near the outer bend due to centrifugal forces. The effect is visible in pressure distribution on the longitudinal mid plane. The results indicate a rapid rising of pressure at t = 0.18 second with the predominant pressure drops toward the downstream. They are associated with acceleration during early systole. The pressure distribution on the symmetric plane for the peak flow at t = 0.26 second with <b>Re</b> reaching 12097 indicates insignificant longitudinal pressure gradients because of dVO/dt vanished momentary. At this instant, the presence of radial pressure variations along the curved segment is due to strong centrifugal forces. The w-contour becomes complicated along the inner bend characterized by a hump (refer to w = 75 cm/sec) with a pair of peak velocities (see w = 140 and 143.4 cm/sec) by its sides. The growth of three-dimensional boundary layers is associated with the secondary flow and pressure variations on the section. The pulsating flow continues with a rapid deceleration. Further development of laminar layer is demonstrated for flow when <b>Re</b> reduces to 5482. For the 3D pulsating flow, using the contour of w = 0 to demarcate backflow from forward stream is good for analyzing the 3D vortex. Also shown in Fig. 1 is the w-contour and pressure distribution for back flow when <b>Re</b> = -2132. The negative velocity (see w = -60 cm/sec) on the inner bend is in the laminar layer while the forward momentums remain on the outer bend. <br/> TKH first met Professor Fung at the 1970 Urodynamics Symposium where he presented a generalized Bernoulli’s equation with energy pumped from the ureter to urine bolus transport [3]. One professor from aerospace engineering made a comment: “I hate to attack a junior colleague. On God’s green world, there is no such Bernoulli equation”. At the conclusion of the conference, Professor Fung was asked by Dr. Saul Boyarsky for a comment. He said: <br/> “We are from the conventional engineering fields to work on unconventional biological system. Dr. Hung’s Bernoulli equation was correct”. <br/> This junior colleague, TKH, would later have the honor and opportunity to participate in many activities with Professor Fung, including ASME, ASCE, USNBC, ICMMB, JMMB, and NCKU.His admiration of Dr. Fung's kindness and friendship is evident in celebrating Professor Fung's 65th, 90th and 100th birthday conferences at UCSD. This paper is dedicated to Professor Yuan-Cheng Fung for his creativity and leadership in modern biomechanics and biomedical engineering.

On finite element model for hydrodynamic journal bearing with micropolar lubrication

The aim of the present work is to develop a finite element model for calculating the pressure of a hydrodynamic fluid-film bearing with micropolar lubrication. The mathematical model is based on the generalized Reynolds equation. Two types of bearings, immersed and with axial lubrication, are considered, for which effective and robust pressure field calculation algorithms are proposed based on the finite element method. In following, the pressure fields are used to determine the static and dynamic integral bearing characteristics.

Implementation of a dynamic ray tracing method in CIVA HealthCare HIFU simulation platform—Application to the propagation in inhomogeneous and heterogeneous tissues

For several years, CEA-LIST has been developing in partnership with INSERM, a HIFU simulation platform, CIVA Healthcare. It provides specific tools for the development and optimization of probes and therapeutic protocols in order to target clinical problematic of specific organs. This platform allows to easily simulate 3D pressure field induced by HIFU, in linear and non-linear regimes, and the corresponding thermal dose in tissues and phantoms. In this communication, we propose a particular focus on the dynamic ray method for linear acoustic propagation. This model enables fast simulations of HIFU propagation in heterogeneous configurations, including soft and hard tissues, made of isotropic and anisotropic medium, with homogeneous or inhomogeneous elastic properties. The contribution of a source point located on the emitting surface is obtained considering the evolution of a pencil of rays centered on the geometrical path linking this source and the observation point. This models takes into account the propagations of bulk waves in each medium and the various reflections and refractions, with and without mode conversion, at each interface. Examples of computation of pressure fields through hard tissues (bones, skull) and in heated soft tissues will be presented. [Work supported by French Nation Research Agency (ANR SATURN -15-CE19-0016).]

Assessment of the pseudo-tracking approach for the calculation of material acceleration and pressure fields from time-resolved PIV: part II. Spatio-temporal filtering

The present study characterises the spatio-temporal filtering associated with pseudo-tracking. A combined theoretical and numerical assessment is performed that uses the relatively simple flow case of a two-dimensional Taylor vortex as analytical test case. An additional experimental assessment considers the more complex flow of a low-speed axisymmetric base flow, for which time-resolved tomographic PIV measurements and microphone measurements were obtained. The results of these assessments show how filtering along Lagrangian tracks leads to amplitude modulation of flow structures. A cut-off track length and spatial resolution are specified to support future applications of the pseudo-tracking approach. The experimental results show a fair agreement between PIV and microphone pressure data in terms of fluctuation levels and pressure frequency spectra. The coherence and correlation between microphone and PIV pressure measurements were found to be substantial and almost independent of the track length, indicating that the low-frequency behaviour of the flow could be reproduced regardless of the track length. It is suggested that a spectral analysis can be used inform the selection of a suitable track length and to estimate the local error margin of reconstructed pressure values.