Calculation Of Fluid Requirements Research Articles

The validation study on a three-dimensional burn estimation smart-phone application: accurate, free and fast?

BackgroundAccurate total body surface area burned (TBSAB) estimation is a crucial aspect of early burn management. It helps guide resuscitation and is essential in the calculation of fluid requirements. Conventional methods of estimation can often lead to large discrepancies in burn percentage estimation. We aim to compare a new method of TBSAB estimation using a three-dimensional smart-phone application named 3D Burn Resuscitation (3D Burn) against conventional methods of estimation—Rule of Palm, Rule of Nines and the Lund and Browder chart.MethodsThree volunteer subjects were moulaged with simulated burn injuries of 25%, 30% and 35% total body surface area (TBSA), respectively. Various healthcare workers were invited to use both the 3D Burn application as well as the conventional methods stated above to estimate the volunteer subjects’ burn percentages.ResultsCollective relative estimations across the groups showed that when used, the Rule of Palm, Rule of Nines and the Lund and Browder chart all over-estimated burns area by an average of 10.6%, 19.7%, and 8.3% TBSA, respectively, while the 3D Burn application under-estimated burns by an average of 1.9%. There was a statistically significant difference between the 3D Burn application estimations versus all three other modalities (p < 0.05). Time of using the application was found to be significantly longer than traditional methods of estimation.ConclusionsThe 3D Burn application, although slower, allowed more accurate TBSAB measurements when compared to conventional methods. The validation study has shown that the 3D Burn application is useful in improving the accuracy of TBSAB measurement. Further studies are warranted, and there are plans to repeat the above study in a different centre overseas as part of a multi-centre study, with a view of progressing to a prospective study that compares the accuracy of the 3D Burn application against conventional methods on actual burn patients.

New Formula (22/17) for Calculation of the Total Amount of Intravenous Fluids Given for Pediatric &amp; Neonatal Surgical Operations Weighing up to 20 Kg or 5 Years Age

Introduction: A new formula(RH) for calculation of intra operative fluids given in neonatal & pediatric life threatening surgical operations from 1 kg – 2o kg body weight (or 1 day – 5 yrs age) was explained in this study. Aim of the Study : To find a simple , correct, & easily applicable formula to avoid any unwanted dangerous faults in calculation of fluid requirements in all types of neonatal& pediatric surgical operations from 1 kg – 20 kg body weight (or 1 day – 5 years age) especially for juniors or early post graduated doctors dealing with these age group (or weights). Patients: (5000 Patients) including neonates, infants & pediatric age group presented to CWTH/Medical city/Baghdad for different types of surgical operations were enrolled in this study divided to 3 groups (Group A) Life threatening and emergency conditions 2300 patients, (Group B) Major& super major elective operations 700 patients & (Group C) Different types of minor to moderate elective surgical operations 2000 patients. Methods: In this new formula intra operative fluid requirements calculated as: a) *Pre existing deficit (Fasting): 20 ml/kg this amount is divided over 3 hours: ½ the amount given in the 1st hour of operation and ¼ the amount is given for each the 2nd& 3rd hours of operations. b) *Maintenance fluid requirements: 4 ml/kg/hr for all weights up to 20 kg. c) *3rd Space replacement: 8 ml/kg/hr for major& super major operations & 4 ml/kg/hr for minor operations. Results: By comparison of this new formula with most of other references and other anesthesia text books fluid formulas regarding this aspect the results is that the difference in the total amounts of fluid requirements per hour was minute and regarded as negligible difference. Conclusion: *This new(RH) formula has been used for years(2005-2015) in neonatal & pediatric anesthetic department in CWTH/ Baghdad Medical City for 5000 neonates, infants & pediatric patients without any complications. a. This new formula is correct, safer, simpler & easily applicable than other formulas. b. The most important point in this new formula, is that it can be summarized by just 2 numbers (22- 17), 22ml/kg for the 1st hr. & 17 ml for the 2nd& 3rd hrs of operation time for major operation.

Intraoperative Fluids and Fluid Management for Ambulatory Dental Sedation and General Anesthesia.

Intravenous fluids are administered in virtually every parenteral sedation and general anesthetic. The purpose of this article is to review the physiology of body-water distribution and fluid dynamics at the vascular endothelium, evaluation of fluid status, calculation of fluid requirements, and the clinical rationale for the use of various crystalloid and colloid solutions. In the setting of elective dental outpatient procedures with minor blood loss, isotonic balanced crystalloid solutions are the fluids of choice. Colloids, on the other hand, have no use in outpatient sedation or general anesthesia for dental or minor oral surgery procedures but may have several desirable properties in long and invasive maxillofacial surgical procedures where advanced hemodynamic monitoring may assess the adequacy of intravascular volume.

549 Prevention of Obesity Through Healthy Nutrition in the First Year of Life

BackgroundObesity, defined as excess body fat can be diagnosed at 6 months. In children, BMI percentiles are used, defining the overweight between 85–95 and obesity >95. The main predictors of...