Calcium Phosphosilicate Research Articles

A scanning electron microscope analysis on the effect of bleaching gel in combination with fluoro calcium phosphosilicate-based dentifrice on whitening of teeth and dentinal tubule occlusion – An in vitro study

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the use of 15% carbamide peroxide in combination with fluoro calcium phosphosilicate desensitizing dentifrice during bleaching to evaluate postoperative dentinal tubule occlusion. Materials and Methods: Premolars which were extracted and bleached using 15% carbamide peroxide with fluoro calcium phosphosilicate dentifrice were used in this investigation, and the shade change was assessed. They were subsequently divided into sections and examined with scanning electron microscope. The quantity of open tubules, fully obstructed as well as moderately obstructed tubules, was recorded for each specimen. The statistical analysis of shade changes was conducted using the paired t-test. The tubule numbers were statistically evaluated after being assigned a mean and standard deviation. Results: The mean values between test and control groups in completely blocked tubules are 81.370 ± 1.989 and 42.586 ± 11.316, respectively. In partially blocked tubules, the mean values were found to be 13.219 ± 1.747 and 32.264 ± 11.554, respectively. In open tubules, the mean values are 5.398 ± 1.260 and 25.149 ± 8.781. The mean values of shade comparison for test group and control group are 1.95 ± 2.78 and 3.40 ± 2.83, respectively. Conclusions: According to the findings of the study, dentinal tubules were blocked when fluoro calcium phosphosilicate dentifrice was administered with 15% carbamide peroxide, but the bleaching process was unaffected. The potential clinical advantage of using a single paste system for both bleaching and desensitizing was also emphasized.

Effect of Preventive Dental Products on Bonding Force: An in vitro Study.

Testing the effect of Fluoride, chlorhexidine, and molecular iodine applications on the mean micro-shear bond strength (SBS) of enamel in an attempt to preserve enamel integrity during the bonding process. The study was an observational case-control one in which 150 human teeth were classified into 10 groups according to the product kind and the prescribed treatment. Each group consisted of 15 teeth. Group C was the control group. Groups FP, FV, and OS utilized products that could be utilized in a professional dental setting. Group FP was treated with 1.23% NaF prophy paste, Group FV was treated with 5% NaF varnish, and Group OS was treated with Opal® Seal Fluoride releasing primer and sealant. Groups L, LF, CHX, and I were treated with mouth rinses. Group L was treated with Listerine Zero Fluoride-Free Mouthwash, Group LF with Listerine Zero 0.02% NaF Mouth Rinse, Group CHX with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, and Group I with ioRinse RTU 100 ppm molecular iodine rinse. Groups TP and G utilized alternative remineralization products. Group TP was treated with Fluoro Calcium Phosphosilicate bioglass containing toothpaste, and Group G was treated with Curodont Protect remineralizing tooth gel. One-way ANOVA test was utilized to perform all statistical analysis in this study. For mean micro-SBS, no significant difference (P > 0.05) between any of the experimental groups was observed when compared to the control group. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between Opal Seal versus Listerine Total, Opal Seal versus Peridex, Listerine versus Listerine Total, and Listerine versus Peridex. All other experimental group comparisons revealed a nonsignificant difference (P > 0.05). As the null hypothesis (H0) assumes that changes observed in an experiment are due to chance, hence, the outcomes of this study are coherent with (H0) since the aforementioned application methods did not significantly impact the SBS of orthodontic resin cement to enamel.

A Comparative Evaluation of the Remineralization Potential of Two Contemporary Bioactive Glass-containing Dentifrices on Artificially Demineralized Human Enamel: An In Vitro Study.

There is limited literature comparing the remineralization potential of these two dentifrices, Elsenz™, which contains fluoro calcium (Ca) phosphosilicate, and Shy-NM™, which contains Ca sodium phosphosilicate, are a few of the remineralizing agents. To assess and compare the remineralization potential of Elsenz™ and Shy-NM™ dentifrices on artificially induced carious lesions on permanent teeth, using the Vickers microhardness measuring method and scanning electron microscope (SEM) connected to energy dispersive X-ray analysis after laboratory stimulation of the oral environment employing the pH cycling model. A total of 30 sound human premolar teeth were divided into six groups for both parameters. Group I-Elsenz™ dentifrice, group II-Shy-NM™ dentifrice, and group III-control. The surface microhardness (SMH) of the test specimens was evaluated followed by a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive analysis (SEM-EDAX). The specimens were tested at baseline, demineralization, and remineralization. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis. Surface microhardness following remineralization with Elsenz™ was 359 Vickers hardness number (VHN), and with Shy-NM™ was 312 VHN. Elsenz™ showed significantly higher remineralization compared to Shy-NM™ (p = 0.002). The SEM-EDAX of the tooth specimens after remineralization revealed an increase in the Ca weight percentage (wt%) compared with demineralization values, which was statistically significant for both Elsenz™ (45.95 ± 3.55%) and Shy-NM™ (47.24 ± 1.99%), along with an increase in the phosphorus wt%, which was statistically significant for Elsenz™ (20.25 ± 0.95%) compared to Shy-NM™ (19.95 ± 0.59%). Within the scope of this study, the incorporation of fluoride in bioactive glass (BAG) in Elsenz™ had the potential to remineralize enamel better than Shy-NM™ dentifrice. It can, therefore, be concluded that Elsenz™, when compared with Shy-NM™, would be effective in inhibiting demineralization. Thoutam SV, Kumar S, Naidu J. A Comparative Evaluation of the Remineralization Potential of Two Contemporary Bioactive Glass-containing Dentifrices on Artificially Demineralized Human Enamel: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(4):451-455.

Evaluation of different remineralizing agents on microhardness and surface roughness of bleached enamel

Purpose To evaluate remineralization efficacy of self-assembling peptide (Curodont) and sodium calcium phosphosilicate (Novamin) on bleached teeth. Materials and methods Twenty freshly extracted human premolars were selected, roots were separated, and crowns were impregnated in acrylic resin then kept in artificial saliva. Specimens were randomly divided into two equal groups (10 specimens for each group). Group 1 specimens were bleached and treated with Curodont and group 2 specimens were bleached and treated with Novamin. Enamel microhardness and surface roughness changes were measured for both groups using Vickers hardness testing machine and Surface Profile Gage (Positector), respectively. Results Bleaching increased enamel surface roughness value (0.6 ± 0.10 μm) more than the baseline value (0.3 ± 0.09 μm) and decreased enamel microhardness (239.4 ± 5.33 MPa) compared to unbleached group (334.9 ± 4.26 MPa). After remineralization with Curodont, surface roughness decreased (0.4 ± 0.06 μm) and microhardness increased (300.3 ± 5.92 MPa) while after remineralization with Novamin surface roughness slightly decreased (0.5 ± 0.08 μm) and enamel microhardness slightly increased (252.8 ± 7.35 MPa). Spearman’s correlation test revealed an inverse relationship between surface roughness and microhardness after bleaching (r s=−0.177, −0.818) for groups 1 and 2, respectively, and a strong correlation between surface roughness and microhardness after treatment with Curodont and Novamin as whenever surface roughness decreased, microhardness increased (r s=−0.921, P &lt; 0.001) in group 1 and (r s=−0.855, P &lt; 0.002) in group 2. Conclusion Both Curodont and Novamin have a reasonable potential to remineralize bleached teeth by increasing enamel microhardness and decreasing surface roughness. However, Curodont is better than Novamin in the remineralization effect.

Regenerative potential of a combination of PRF and bioactive glass for the treatment of horizontal bone defects in stage II and stage III periodontitis: a split-mouth randomized controlled trial

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of calcium phosphosilicate bioactive glass in combination with Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) in the treatment of horizontal bone defects in stages II and III periodontitis. Materials and Methods: The randomized controlled trial included 51 sites of horizontal bone defects from 4 patients with stages II and III periodontitis. The three treatment groups were: Group A - open flap debridement (OFD) + bone graft + PRF gel; Group B - OFD + bone graft + PRF gel covered by PRF membrane; Group C - OFD alone. The clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline and 9 months post-surgery. Results: All three groups showed statistically significant improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters, except for defect width at 9 months post-surgery. Conclusion: The findings of the present study allow us to conclude that the use of PRF in combination with bone graft can serve as a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of horizontal bone defects, resulting in improvement of both clinical and radiographic parameters.

Spectroscopic studies on Sm3+ ions doped modifiers incited calcium phospho-silicate glasses for photonic and optoelectronic applications

In order to learn the effect of incorporating the alkaline modifiers into the network of Sm3+ ions incorporated calcium-phospho silicate glass matrices, the glasses were synthesized by the usual melt-quench procedure with the novel compositional matrix 40P2O5+11SiO2+(30‒X) CaO+XMgO+6Sr2F+6LiF+6BaF+1Sm2O3 where (X=0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25). The impact of concentration variation in alkaline modifiers (CaO and MgO) is carried out by several spectroscopic scrutinize such as UV–Vis-NIR absorption, and luminescence spectra on Sm3+ doped glasses. Incremental trend of absorption intensity is observed while decreasing the MgO's concentration and similarly, luminescence intensity gets increased. The trend of Judd-Ofelt (Ω6˃Ω4˃Ω2) parameters casts the ionic temperament of Sm−O bond and rigid binding between Sm3+ and chosen host. The ionic nature is further justified by the negative significance of the bonding parameter (δ) and also the provision of symmetric character of the Sm3+ ions by the calcium-phospho silicate host. Through Ω6, Ω4, and Ω2 parameter values, vital characteristics like emission cross-sections (σPE), effective bandwidth (Δλeff) or FWHM (full-width half maximum), branching ratio (βR), transition probabilities (A), and experimental lifetime (τexp) were calculated for the grading of lasing potential. Glass with 30% of CaO exhibits about 57% of branching ratio deliberated for 4G5/2→ 6H7/2 transition, shorter bandwidth, and higher transition probability are the disclosure of potential for lasing and LED applications. Quantum efficiency (η) is observed to be on the higher side for the glass with equal wt% of both CaO and MgO. The decay of 4G5/2 states was monitored, showing a non-exponential manner and it is consistent with all the prepared glasses. Along with color purity, Color coordinates (x, y) suggested that the emission wavelength of all other glasses is located at the reddish-orange region except for the glass with 30% of CaO. The emission line shifted nearer to the white light region.

Evaluation of Bioactive Glass Treatment for Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this systematic review is to compare home and office desensitizers containing bioactive glass with control groups in randomized controlled trials (RCT) conducted between 2018 and 2022. According to PRISMA guidelines, three electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library) were searched for published scientific articles in October 2022. RCT with adult participants with dentin hypersensitivity (DH) diagnosed by evaporative, mechanical, or thermal stimulation, with a follow-up period and quantified pain assessment were included in the study. Studies that reported DH due to tooth restoration, crown preparation, bleaching, or periodontal surgery or used bioactive glass-ceramics were excluded. The quality of the studies was assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for randomized studies (RoB 2 tool). Articles that were duplicative or unrelated to this study were excluded. Nine articles were selected for full-text evaluation, whereas two articles were rejected. The remaining seven reports were included in this review. The calcium sodium phosphosilicate group (CSPS) was not significantly different from the positive control groups. Compared with the control groups, fluoro calcium phosphosilicate (FCPS) may be the most effective long-term treatment option. In terms of DH symptom reduction, the FCPS group performed better than the CSPS group. CSPS at a concentration of 5-15% and FCPS at a concentration of 5% are effective in treating DH in adult participants.

Study of mineralization of lithium calcium phosphosilicate glass ceramics in vivo during bone tissue regeneration

Prospective directions for the creation of biologically active substitutes for bone tissue were analyzed. The effectiveness of the use of calcium phosphosilicate materials modified with CuO, ZnO, Ag2O, Fe2O3, TiO2, SrO and Nb2O5 to ensure high biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of bone endoprostheses has been established. The prospective use of lithium calcium phosphate silicate glass ceramics for obtaining strengthened, biologically active bone implants was substantiated. The main criteria for the development of biocompatible glass-ceramic materials regarding their composition, structure, texture, and surface properties have been established. The influence of differences in the structure and resorption of calcium phosphosilicate glass ceramics on the mechanism of formation of an apatite-like layer in vivo was analyzed. The features of mineralization of calcium phosphosilicate glass ceramics in vivo during bone tissue regeneration were determined, and the effectiveness of the use of glass ceramics based on hydroxyapatite and lithium disilicate in bone tissue replacement was established to reduce the rehabilitation period and long-term use of endoprostheses under variable loads. The developed OS-7 calcium phosphosilicate glass-ceramic material is characterized by the content of crystalline phases of 10 vol.% lithium disilicate and 55 vol.% hydroxyapatite with a ratio of CaO/P2O5=1.67, surface microrelief of 6 m, surface free energy value of 75 mJ/m2 and crack resistance of 6.0 MPam1/2. This material is biocompatible due to the formation of carbonate hydroxyapatite crystals already on the 14th day, which allows us to consider its promising use in the treatment of fractures, defects of long bones and in the replacement of short or tubular bones.

Investigation of morphology, structure and bioactivity of bioactive glass

Bioactive glasses with compositions of (82.5–90) SiO2- (5–12.5) CaO- 5 P2O5 (in mol%) were successfully synthesized using the sol–gel process (Stöber process) from the mixing of tetraethoxysilanes (TEOS, SiC8H20O4), calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and triethyl phosphate (TEP, (C2H5)3PO4). After calcination at 700 °C, all glass powders were found to be the white color. The majority of the amorphous phase was clearly visible in the X-ray diffraction spectra of the produced glasses; however, some samples also showed tiny peaks of dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4). The morphology of the glass powders was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Glass particles were observed to be spherical, with an average particle size of between 150 and 210 nm. The structural properties of glasses were characterized using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The bioactivity assessment was studied in in vitro experiments, where the glass particles were soaked in a biologically simulated body fluid (SBF) solution at 37 °C for up to 10 days. It was found that the studied compositions could develop the hydroxyapatite layer on their surface. This observation is an indication of the high bioactivity of these calcium phosphosilicate glasses. It can be concluded from the results that the sol–gel method yielded well homogeneous glass nanoparticles. Furthermore, this synthesis method could produce the bioactive glasses in the system SiO2-CaO-P2O5 with high silicate content that have shown to be promising candidates for the medical applications within a much larger composition range than the fabrication by the melt-quench route.

Evaluation of caries remineralization potential of toothpastes containing three remineralizing agents - calcium sucrose phosphate, β tricalcium phosphate and fluoro calcium phosphosilicate: An in vitro study

The “Minimally invasive” approach for caries incorporates detecting carious lesions in the incipient stage and treating those lesions using remineralizing agents, thus emphasizing prevention rather than the traditional method.Aim: To evaluate the remineralizing potential of three different tooth remineralizing agents (Calcium Sucrose Phosphate, Functionalised β Tricalcium Phosphate and Fluoro Calcium Phosphosilicate) on demineralized tooth surfaces using Vickers microhardness test and Atomic Force Microscopy.Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were collected. The prepared enamel samples were assigned to three different groups with ten specimens each. The specimens were then demineralized using McInne’s demineralizing solution in two cycles. Remineralization was carried out for fifteen and thirty days in two cycles using Calcium Sucrose Phosphate (ENAFIX), Functionalised β Tricalcium Phosphate (Clinpro Tooth Crème), and Fluoro Calcium Phosphosilicate (ELSENZ) containing toothpastes for groups I, II, III respectively. The specimens were subjected to Vickers microhardness test and Atomic force microscopic evaluation post-demineralization and remineralization cycles. The results were tabulated and statistically analysed.Results: Study results showed that the three remineralizing agents tested increased Vicker’s hardness number values and decreased the surface roughness significantly in a span of 30 days. Their remineralisation potential was effective.Conclusion: β TriCalcium Phosphate (Clinpro tooth crème) has superior remineralizing efficacy compared to the other two remineralizing toothpastes.

Comparative Evaluation of Bone Dimensional Changes in Extraction Sockets Preserved With Calcium Phosphosilicate Bone Substitutes With and Without Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the bone dimensional changes associated with extraction sockets preserved with calcium phosphosilicate (CPS) morsels and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) at 6 months posthealing. Thirty fresh extraction sockets were randomly allocated to one of the following groups and grafted using PRF: Control (n = 10), CPS morsels (Test I; n = 10), or CPS+PRF (Test II; n = 10). All sites were sealed with PRF as a socket seal. CBCT scans were taken at 1 week postsurgery and at 6 months posthealing. The intergroup comparison showed a statistically significant difference in mean horizontal bone dimensional changes, and no such significance was observed for vertical bone changes. Bone density measured using Hounsfield units (HU) fell within the range of 350 to 850 HU (D3 bone quality) at 6 months posthealing for all three groups. Within the limitations of this study, socket preservation using CPS morsels with and without PRF demonstrated more favorable conditions for future implant placement.

A Radiological Evaluation of Bone Healing in Postextraction Sockets Following Bone Grafting Using Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Calcium Phosphosilicate: A Controlled Comparative Study.

Background:Healing unbinds a well choreographed array of cellular, physiologic, biochemical, and molecular processes directed toward restoring the integrity and functional capacity of the damaged structures. The rate and degree of healing vary among individuals but is greatest during the first few months or years after tooth loss. Evidence suggests that alveolar bone ridge resorption may be prevented, initially by reconstructive surgical techniques using several materials which are employed at the time of extraction. This droves to the development of bone substitutes materials such as hydroxyapatite, beta tricalcium phosphate (β TCP), and bioactive glasses. These regenerative materials not only act as an osteoconductive scaffold but also interact with the surrounding tissues and impart an osseostimulatory effect.Methods:Twenty adult patients who required bilateral removal of homologous tooth, were informed and described regarding post extraction socket grafting using β TCP and CPS followed by covering with Collagen Membrane. Radiographic densitometry evaluation of postoperative visits of immediate; 1st month; 3rd month; and 6th month using orthopantomograph was done.Results:The Karl Pearson's Correlation coefficient was used to determine the degree of bone density with adjacent bone preoperatively and postoperatively. The statistical evaluation, CPS was more superior to β TCP, with a difference of 58.75 and P value showed more significance (<0.0001).Conclusion:This article evaluates radiographically quality and quantity of bone formation in the socket, following extraction and bone grafting using Calcium Phosphosilicate (CPS) and β TCP, it is concluded that the two modalities of treatment were efficient in improving the clinical outcome parameters as well as showed comparable regenerative effects when used in the treatment of “socket grafting” while between them CPS more superior to β TCP biomaterials by Osteogenic properties.

A novel bioactive glass-based root canal sealer in endodontics

Background/purposeBioactive glass (BG), one type of bioceramics, shows similar or better characteristics to calcium silicate which has been regarded as a promising root filling material in endodontics. This study aimed to develop a novel BG-based root canal sealer for endodontics.Materials and methodsThe novel BG-based root canal sealer was composed of phytic acid derived bioactive calcium phosphosilicate glass named PSC mixed with zirconium oxide (ZrO2) as powder, and phosphate solution (PS) dissolved with sodium alginate (SA) named PS-SA as liquid. Moreover, the physicochemical properties, mineralization, sealing ability and biocompatibility of the novel BG-based root canal sealer were evaluated.ResultsThis study developed a novel BG-based sealer named BGS-SA-Zr which contained the powder of PSC and ZrO2 and the liquid of PS-SA. Results indicated that the flow, film thickness and radiopacity of BGS-SA-Zr conformed to ISO 6876:2012. The setting time and solubility of BGS-SA-Zr were 53.7 ± 1.5 min and 21.46 ± 0.54%, respectively. The pH value of the simulated body fluid (SBF) immersed with BGS-SA-Zr raised slightly up to 7.70. The CCK-8 assay indicated that BGS-SA-Zr had no cytotoxic effects on MG-63 cells. After immersion in SBF for 4 weeks, dense hydroxyapatite crystals were observed on the surface of BGS-SA-Zr. Furthermore, there was no difference in the sealing ability between BGS-SA-Zr and the bioceramic sealer iRoot SP whether setting at 1 day or immersed in SBF for 4 weeks (P > 0.05).ConclusionOur results suggest that the novel BG-based sealer may be a promising sealer for endodontic treatment.

Preferential uptake of antibody targeted calcium phosphosilicate nanoparticles by metastatic triple negative breast cancer cells in co-cultures of human metastatic breast cancer cells plus bone osteoblasts

Calcium phosphosilicate nanoparticles (CPSNPs) are bioresorbable nanoparticles that can be bioconjugated with targeting molecules and encapsulate active agents and deliver them to tumor cells without causing damage to adjacent healthy tissue. Data obtained in this study demonstrated that an anti-CD71 antibody on CPSNPs targets these nanoparticles and enhances their internalization by triple negative breast cancer cells in-vitro. Caspase 3,7 activation, DNA damage, and fluorescent microscopy confirmed the apoptotic breast cancer response caused by targeted anti-CD71-CPSNPs encapsulated with gemcitabine monophosphate, the active metabolite of the chemotherapeutic gemcitabine used to treat cancers including breast and ovarian. Targeted anti-CD71-CPSNPs encapsulated with the fluorophore, Rhodamine WT, were preferentially internalized by breast cancer cells in co-cultures with osteoblasts. While osteoblasts partially internalized anti-CD71-GemMP-CPSNPs, their cell growth was not affected. These results suggest that CPSNPs may be used as imaging tools and selective drug delivery systems for breast cancer that has metastasized to bone.

Aptamer-Targeted Calcium Phosphosilicate Nanoparticles for Effective Imaging of Pancreatic and Prostate Cancer

PurposeAccurate tumor identification and staging can be difficult. Aptamer-targeted indocyanine green (ICG)-nanoparticles can enhance near-infrared fluorescent imaging of pancreatic and prostate tumors and could improve early cancer detection. This project explored whether calcium-phosphosilicate nanoparticles, also known as NanoJackets (NJs), that were bioconjugated with a tumor-specific targeting DNA aptamer could improve the non-invasive detection of pancreatic and prostate tumors.MethodsUsing in vivo near-infrared optical imaging and ex vivo fluorescence analysis, DNA aptamer-targeted ICG-loaded NJs were compared to untargeted NJs for detection of tumors.ResultsNanoparticles were bioconjugated with the DNA aptamer AP1153, which binds to the CCK-B receptor (CCKBR). Aptamer bioconjugated NJs were not significantly increased in size compared with unconjugated nanoparticles. AP1153-ICG-NJ accumulation in orthotopic pancreatic tumors peaked at 18 h post-injection and the ICG signal was cleared by 36 h with no evidence on uptake by non-tumor tissues. Ex vivo tumor imaging confirmed the aptamer-targeted NJs accumulated to higher levels than untargeted NJs, were not taken up by normal pancreas, exited from the tumor vasculature, and were well-dispersed throughout pancreatic and prostate tumors despite extensive fibrosis. Specificity for AP1153-NJ binding to the CCK-B receptor on pancreatic tumor cells was confirmed by pre-treating tumor-bearing mice with the CCK receptor antagonist proglumide. Proglumide pre-treatment reduced the in vivo tumoral accumulation of AP1153-NJs to levels comparable to that of untargeted NJs.ConclusionThrough specific interactions with CCK-B receptors, tumor-targeted nanoparticles containing either ICG or rhodamine WT were well distributed throughout the matrix of both pancreatic and prostate tumors. Tumor-targeted NJs carrying various imaging agents can enhance tumor detection.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DESENSITIZING DENTIFRICE AND DENTAL LASER ON DENTINAL TUBULE OCCLUSION- AN INVTRO –SEM STUDY

Background: the present study aims to evaluate whether fluoro calcium phospho silicate (Biomin or Elzenes) or in combination with Diode laser has better dentinal tubule occlusion and can be suggested as a effective treatment modality for patients with dentinal hypersensitivity. The objectives of the study were -to evaluate effectiveness of Fluoro calcium phospho silicate on dentinal tubules occlusion, to evaluate effectiveness of Fluoro calcium phospho silicate and laser and to compare its effect with Fluoro calcium phosphosilicate alone and laser on dentinal tubule occlusion, and to evaluate the effectiveness of laser on dentinal tubule occlusion. In study setting, SEM analysis was done at Sophisticated test and instrumentation centre, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala. 120 Dentine specimens were obtained from sound premolars extracted for orthodontic purpose from the patients of age group 13 to 40 years. All the teeth were stored in 0. 2% thymol at room temperature. In our study, Fluoro calcium phospho silicate (Biomin) showed an average results of 70.37% completely occluded tubules and 23.48% of partially occluded tubules compared to 2.68% and 28.43% in the control group. Conclusion: In our invitro study the treated groups the specimens brushed with combination group (Biomin and Laser) showed the highest percentage of tubule occlusion followed by Biomin alone and then Laser. Hence from the results, it can be stated that combination of Biomin and laser can be considered as the best effective method in office treatment modality for dentinal hypersensitivity because of its ability to occlude more tubules..&#x0D; Keywords: Diode laser, Biomin or Elzenes

Clinical Case Employing Two Different Biomaterials in Bone Regeneration

The case of a 59-year-old woman lacking bone in the lower left side of her mandible, and treated with two different biomaterials for bone regeneration, is reported here. Specifically, two different anatomical sites damaged by two different pathologies were studied: a radicular fracture and peri-implantitis. The sites were treated via xenograft bone substitute and calcium phosphosilicate, respectively. Follow-up evaluations showed that the two different methodologies employing different materials in the same organism undergoing the same metabolic processes achieved the same good results. This represents a significant change in current surgical strategies for the dental region: instead of focusing on a single gold-standard technique, it is possible to follow a hybrid approach by adapting the biomaterial and the protocol used to the specificities of the defect.

Minimally Invasive Transalveolar Sinus Augmentation: An Answer to Sinus Conundrum

Dental implants have become the routine option for replacement of missing teeth, but it is challenging to place implants in the posterior maxilla due to inadequate bone dimensions and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. Several techniques have been introduced over the years for sinus augmentation and bone grafting; both lateral and crestal approaches to sinus lift have been used with good results. In recent times, a minimally invasive technique has been used as a modification of crestal approach to sinus augmentation called minimally invasive technique sinus augmentation (MITSA). This method utilizes the calcium phosphosilicate putty for hydraulic sinus membrane elevation along with osseodensification drills. MITSA has simplified the sinus lift technique with predictable good results.

A clinico-radiographic and histomorphometric analysis of alveolar ridge preservation using calcium phosphosilicate, PRF, and collagen plug

BackgroundTooth extraction commonly leads to loss of residual alveolar ridge, thus compromising the room available for the implant placement. To combat the post-extraction alveolar loss, alveolar ridge preservation is practiced, with the advent of the biomaterial available. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficiency of calcium phosphosilicate biomaterial in alveolar ridge preservation. Twenty patients indicated for extraction were selected followed by socket grafting using calcium phosphosilicate. Implant placement was done 6 months postoperatively during which a core was harvested from the preserved sockets. Clinico-radiographic measurements of hard and soft tissues were taken at baseline and 6 months post-grafting.ResultsThere were no significant changes in the radiographic and soft tissue parameters while significant changes in hard tissue parameters with 1.9 mm (p = 0.013) gain in mid-buccal aspect and 1.1 mm (p = 0.019) loss in horizontal bone width were observed. The histomorphometric evaluation depicted the vital bone volume of 54.5 ± 16.76%, non-mineralized tissue 43.50 ± 15.80%, and residual material 2.00 ± 3.37%.ConclusionThe implants placed in these preserved ridges presented 100% success rate with acceptable stability after a 1-year follow-up, concluding calcium phosphosilicate is a predictable biomaterial in alveolar ridge preservation.

Análisis de dos agentes remineralizantes en lesiones incipientes de caries mediante AFM

Recibido: 25 de abril de 2019Aprobado: 5 de junio de 2019La caries dental si se trata oportunamente en sus estadios primarios puede ser detenida y limitada con terapias preventivas que favorecen la remineralización. Objetivo: Evaluar la remineralización de lesiones incipientes de caries (mancha blanca) a partir de la aplicación de dos agentes remineralizantes. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio in - vitro con muestras de esmalte dental divididas en 2 grupos, Grupo A (n = 15) y Grupo B (n = 15), se generó desmineralización con una solución de ácido láctico y saliva artificial, para la remineralización al Grupo A se le aplicó el vidrio bioactivo Fosfosilicato de calcio y sodio fluorado (BAGF), al Grupo B se le aplicó el Fosfopéptido Caseína - fosfato de calcio amorfo fluorado (CPP-ACPF), este procedimiento se lo realizó por 10 días, Resultados: En el Grupo A se obtuvieron valores de 1.967 nm, 33.128 nm y 5.964 nm respectivamente, en el Grupo B los valores fueron de 2.296 nm, 34.335 nm y 13,611 nm, mediante la prueba estadística t de Student se obtuvo un p-valor = 0.108 &gt; 0.05 para esmalte sano y un p-valor = 0.193 &gt; 0.05 para esmalte desmineralizado, lo que indica que no existió una diferencia estadística significativa entre los valores de esmalte sano y desmineralizado de los dos grupos; sin embargo para esmalte remineralizado indicó una gran diferencia entre los valores de remineralización de ambos grupos. Conclusión: Los agentes remineralizantes fosfosilicato de calcio y sodio fluorado (BAGF) y caseína - fosfato de calcio amorfo fluorado (CPP - ACPF) remineralizan el esmalte dental desmineralizado, siendo más efectivo el vidrio bioactivo (BAGF).