C-reactive Protein Levels In Women Research Articles

Effect of ethinyl estradiol/ norethisterone acetate with and without scaling on periodontal status and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome having gingivitis: a randomized controlled trial.

Combined oral contraceptives are used for the management of hyperandrogenism and menstrual abnormalities in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). There is a dearth of literature addressing the effect of ethinyl estradiol/norethisterone acetate (EE/NETA) on gingival and systemic inflammation in these patients. This randomized trial aims to evaluate the effect of EE/NETA with and without scaling on periodontium and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in women with PCOS having gingivitis. Women having PCOS along with gingivitis were randomly divided into two groups: Test Group (TG, n=30) received EE/NETA + scaling with oral hygiene instructions (OHI) and Control Group 1 (CG1, n=30) received EE/NETA + OHI. Another Control Group (CG2, n=30) consisting of systemically healthy females having gingivitis and who were age and BMI matched with the test group participants received scaling along with OHI. Periodontal and anthropometric parameters were measured at baseline, 3 months and 6 months follow-up. Serum hsCRP levels were also estimated. Serum hsCRP levels and periodontal parameters were significantly decreased in all the groups after 6 months (p≤0.05). The decrease in hsCRP levels was similar among the groups (p>0.05). Significantly more reduction in gingival inflammation was observed in TG compared to CG1 (p≤0.05). EE/NETA used alone and with scaling showed no detrimental effect on gingiva and could reduce systemic and gingival inflammation in women with PCOS having gingivitis.

Effect of cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol combination on periodontal status and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is widely reported among young females, and anti-androgens are used for treating hirsutism and acne in these patients. The protective effects of myo-inositol, oral contraceptives, and insulin sensitizers have been reported on the periodontium and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in PCOS females. However, cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol (CPA/EE) has not yet been studied. This cross-sectional study explores the periodontal status and systemic inflammation in PCOS women on CPA/EE drug combination compared to females not on medication. A total of 150 participants were enrolled into three groups: 50 newly diagnosed PCOS females not on medication (N-PCOS); 50 PCOS females consuming CPA/EE combination for the last 6 months (PCOS+CPA/EE); and 50 systemically healthy females (control group). Anthropometric, biochemical, periodontal parameters, and health-related quality of life questionnaires were recorded. N-PCOS and PCOS+CPA/EE groups showed a nonsignificant difference in hsCRP levels, Gingival Index, bleeding on probing, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio (P > .05). Gingival thickness and keratinized tissue width were significantly greater in the PCOS+CPA/EE than the N-PCOS group (P ≤ .05); however, these were comparable with the control group (P > .05). Regression analysis showed significant association of bleeding on probing with Gingival Index, clinical attachment level, and hsCRP (P ≤ .05). CPA/EE combination does not influence the periodontal and systemic inflammatory status in PCOS females, as similar levels of local and systemic inflammation were observed in CPA/EE consumers compared with PCOS females not on medication. However, it might play a role in increasing gingival thickness and keratinized tissue width in these patients.

Analysis of Changes in Serum Levels and Gene Expression Profiles of Novel Adipocytokines (Omentin, Vaspin, Irisin and Visfatin) and Their Correlation with Serum C-reactive Protein Levels in Women Diagnosed with Endometriosis

This study aimed to investigate the role of new adipocytokines (omentin, vaspin, irisin and visfatin) in the development of endometriosis and the relationship of these adipocytokines with the inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in serum. In this study, endometriosis (n=16) and control groups (n=14) were determined via ultrasound. Serum omentin, vaspin and irisin levels were measured by ELISA method. CRP levels in serum and the gene expression of visfatin and vaspin in whole blood samples were determined by clinical analyzer and the real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Serum irisin and CRP levels in the endometriosis group were significantly higher than in the control group. Irisin protein levels demonstrated a positive correlation with body mass index and CRP in women diagnosed with endometriosis. No statistically significant difference was found in serum omentin and vaspin levels between groups. The visfatin and vaspin gene expression in whole blood samples from the endometriosis group was found to be significantly lower than the control group. Increased levels of serum irisin and decreased visfatin and vaspin gene expressions in blood may be considered as a potential biomarker in endometriosis. The identification of new adipocytokines, which demonstrate an alteration in the presence of endometriosis and the relationship between these adipocytokines and inflammation will facilitate the detection of mechanisms involved in endometriosis and will lead to the development of targeted therapy.

Evaluation of CD4+:CD8+ Ratio in Patients With Cervical Cancer and the Levels of Inflammatory Markers.

Cervical cancer remains a major public health concern. The ratio of CD4+:CD8+ T-cells is used to evaluate the immune system function. This study aimed to explore the CD4+:CD8+ T-cell ratio in relation to the glycemic status, inflammatory markers, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 in patients with early diagnosed cervical cancer. This is a cross-sectional study. Blood samples were collected for flow cytometry analysis. Information regarding Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and colposcopy investigations were collected from 152 women with type 2 diabetes admitted to East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between January 2018 and January 2021. Patients with early cervical carcinoma and a higher CD4+:CD8+ ratio (>1.2) had a higher C-reactive protein (CRP) level than those with a lower CD4+:CD8+ ratio (Mean±SD=13.75±13.3 vs. 10.85±8.1; p-value=0.034). Patients with early cervical carcinoma, diabetes, and higher CD4+:CD8+ ratio (>1.2) had a higher blood HbA1c percent than those with a lower CD4+:CD8+ ratio. A high CD4+:CD8+ T-cells ratio was associated with an increased HbA1c% and CRP levels in women with diabetes diagnosed with early cervical carcinoma, which can induce inflammation in early diagnosed patients with cervical cancer.

Homocysteine and C-reactive Protein Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Objectives:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in infertile women characterized by both reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions of different degrees. Furthermore, it has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and related long-term health sequela. The aim of this study is to evaluate serum homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in women with PCOS and to evaluate their relationship with clinical and laboratory parameters in women with PCOS.Materials and Methods:The prospective single-center study included 45 women with PCOS (study group) and 41 control subjects. Demographic variables and Hcy, CRP, fasting blood glucose, insulin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and lipid profiles of the subjects were recorded. homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indexes were calculated.Results:Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, free and total testosterone levels, and clinical hirsutism were significantly higher in the study group. There was no statistically significant difference in lipid profile between groups. Hcy and CRP levels were higher in the study group, which was not statistically significantly different (P > 0.05).Conclusion:Some of the parameters that are correlated with CVD risk were found to be higher in women with PCOS, although the difference for Hcy and CRP did not reach statistical significance. However, the current study reveals that the CVD risk associated with PCOS deserves more comprehensive prospective studies with long-term outcomes.

Effects of social network diversity in the disablement process: a comparison of causal inference methods and an outcome-wide approach to the Indonesian Family Life Surveys, 2007\u20132015

BackgroundSocial networks (SN) have been proven to be instrumental for healthy aging and function as important safety nets, particular for older adults in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the importance of interpreting health outcomes in terms of SN, in many LMICs – including Indonesia – epidemiological studies and policy responses on the health effects of SN for aging populations are still uncommon. Using outcome-wide multi-method approaches to longitudinal panel data, this study aims to outline more clearly the role of SN diversity in the aging process in Indonesia. We explore whether and to what degree there is an association of SN diversity with adult health outcomes and investigate potential gender differences, heterogeneous treatment effects, and effect gradients along disablement processes.MethodsData came from the fourth and fifth waves of the Indonesian Family Life Survey fielded in 2007–08 and 2014–15. The analytic sample consisted of 3060 adults aged 50+ years. The primary exposure variable was the diversity of respondents’ SN at baseline. This was measured through a social network index (SNI), conjoining information about household size together with a range of social ties with whom respondents had active contact across six different types of role relationships. Guided by the disablement process model, a battery of 19 outcomes (8 pathologies, 5 impairments, 4 functional limitations, 2 disabilities) were included into analyses. Evidence for causal effects of SN diversity on health was evaluated using outcome-wide multivariable regression adjustment (RA), propensity score matching (PSM), and instrumental variable (IV) analyses.ResultsAt baseline, 60% of respondents had a low SNI. Results from the RA and PSM models showed greatest concordance and that among women a diverse SN was positively associated with pulmonary outcomes and upper and lower body functions. Both men and women with a high SNI reported less limitations in performing activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) tasks. A high SNI was negatively associated with C-reactive protein levels in women. The IV analyses yielded positive associations with cognitive functions for both men and women.ConclusionsDiverse SN confer a wide range of strong and heterogeneous long-term health effects, particularly for older women. In settings with limited formal welfare protection, intervening in the SN of older adults and safeguarding their access to diverse networks can be an investment in population health, with manifold implications for health and public policy.

Consumption of Korean Foods with High Flavonoid Contents Reduces the Likelihood of Having Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Data from the 2015-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

This study was conducted to investigate associations between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and Korean food (KF) consumption and flavonoid intake from the 2015–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 6025 men and 8184 women (≥19 years) who completed a 24-h dietary recall and health examination were analyzed. The individual KF consumption rate was defined as the proportion of KF of total food consumed and categorized into tertiles. Odds ratios (ORs) for elevated CRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) according to KF consumption rate and flavonoid intake/dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (<median; ≥median) were obtained by multiple logistic regression. KF consumption was inversely associated with CRP levels in women (p = 0.0236) and positively associated with flavonoid intake/dietary TAC in both sexes (p < 0.0001). Compared to women who consumed less than the median amount of flavonoid or TAC with KF consumption rates in the lowest tertile, those who consumed more flavonoid (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.42–0.83) or TAC (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.41–0.82) in the highest tertile showed significantly lower ORs for elevated CRP levels. Thus, consuming KFs rich in flavonoid is effective for regulating CRP levels.

Relationship between C-reactive Protein and Screening Test Results of Gestational Diabetes in Pregnant Women Referred to Health Centers in Isfahan in 2013-2014.

Background:Gestational diabetes is the second common disorder in pregnancy period, which is detected in 24–28 weeks of gestational age through screening tests. Low-grade systematic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. C–Reactive Protein (CRP), an acute phase protein produced by hepatocytes, may be associated with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate serum levels of CRP in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance test compared with control subjects.Materials and Methods:This observational longitudinal study was conducted on 176 pregnant women in Isfahan. After administration of a CRP test in these women in the first trimester, a screening test of Glucose Challenge Test (GCT) with 50-g oral glucose was conducted in 24–28 weeks of gestational age. Then, CRP levels and GCT were compared.Results:Serum CRP levels were not significantly correlated with positive GCT among the women. In GDM patients, there was not a significant correlation between CRP and BMI.Conclusions:There was no significant correlation between maternal serum CRP level and gestational diabetes. Maternal serum CRP level in the first trimester cannot predict Intolerance Glucose Test (IGT) in 26–30 weeks of gestational age.

Comparison of C - reactive protein Levels in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Normal Subjects

Background: Chronic periodontitis causes systemic inflammation and increases C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP has been implicated as a possible mediator of associating periodontitis and several systemic diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate systemic levels of CRP in patients with chronic periodontitis in comparison to periodontally healthy individuals. Materials and methods: A total of 80 individuals were included in this study. 40 patients with severe chronic periodontitis aged 40, and 40 sex matched periodontally healthy subjects were recruited from the patients attending Dpartment of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan. Body Mass Index (BMI) was under 25 kg/m2 in all the patients and controls. Peripheral blood samples were taken and CRP levels were estimated in serum samples using the C - reactive protein – hs (CRP-hs) LATEX – High sensitivity (Biosystem S.A). Result: CRP levels in women in the test group (3.64 +- 2.77 mg/l) was significantly higher than the women in the control group (p < 0.001); however, the difference between males in the two study groups was not significant (p=0.13). Conclusion: Periodontitis results in higher systemic levels of CRP. Elevated inflammatory factor may increase inflammatory activity in atherosclerotic lesions and potentially increase the risk for cardiovascular events.

C-Reactive Protein Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Healthy Controls

Aim/background : Although, pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome has not been fully understood, insulin resistance may have a pivotal role in this condition. It has been suggested that subclinical inflammation is strongly related to both insulin resistance and obesity associate metabolic disorders. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the serum levels of C-reactive protein which has been determined as an insulin resistance related inflammatory marker and investigate to its potential role the polycystic ovarian syndrome in our study population. Methods : Forty women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and forty age and body mass index matched healthy controls were retrospectively evaluated in this study. Serum fasting glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein and total testosterone concentrations were assessed. Results : Both serum C-reactive protein (1.14±1.86 mg/L vs. 3.56±4.69mg/L; p= 0.004) and total testosterone concentrations (p=0.011) were higher in polycystic ovarian syndrome group. C-reactive protein levels significantly and positive correlated with body weight, body mass index and waist circumference (p<0.05). In the linear regression model, polycystic ovarian syndrome was defined as a dependent variable and hs-CRP was determined as a independent variable. According to this analysis C-reactive protein associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (β= 0.326, R 2 = 0.106 and p= 0.003) Conclusion : Several inflammatory molecules associate with both insulin resistance and obesity related cardio metabolic disorders. However, there are some conflicting results in relationship between polycystic ovarian syndrome and inflammatory molecules including C-reactive protein. Therefore, advanced studies need to explain the potential role of the C-reactive protein in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Amac/Giris: Polikistik over sendromunun (PKOS) patogenezi tam olarak anlasilamamis olmakla birlikte insulin direncinin bu hastalikta onemli bir role sahip olabilecegi bildirilmistir. Subklinik inflamasyonun insulin direnci ve obezite ile iliskili metabolik bozukluklarda onemli bir rol oynadigi dusunulmektedir. Bu calismada inceledigimiz populasyonda PKOS’lu ve saglikli kadinlar arasinda bir inflamatuar belirtec olan C-reaktif protein serum duzeylerini degerlendirerek polikistik over sendromundaki yerini degerlendirmeyi amacladik . Yontem: Polikistik over sendromu olan 40 kadin ile vucut kitle indeksi ve yas acisindan eslestirilmis olan 40 saglikli kadin geriye donuk olarak incelendi. Serum aclik glukoz, insulin, C-reaktif protein (CRP) ve total testosteron duzeyleri degerlendirildi. Bulgular: Serum C-reaktif protein (1.14±1.86 mg/L’e karsin 3.56±4.69mg/L; p= 0.004) ve serum total testosteron konsantrasyonu (p=0.011) polikistik over sendromlu kadinlarda anlamli olarak daha yuksekti. Serum C-reaktif protein ile vucut agirligi, vucut kitle indeksi ve bel cevresi arasinda anlamli pozitif korelasyon saptandi (p<0.05). Polikistik over sendromunun bagimli degisken, C-reaktif proteinin ise bagimsiz degisken olarak tasarlandigi lineer regresyon modeli’nin sonuclarina gore C-reaktif proteinin polikistik over sendromu ile istatistiksel olarak anlamli seviyede birliktelik gosterdigi saptandi (β= 0.326, R 2 = 0.106 ve p= 0.003) Sonuc: Pek cok inflamatuar molekul insulin direnci ve obezite ile iliskili metabolik ve kardiyovaskuler bozukluklar ile birliktelik gosterir. Ancak polikistik over sendromu ile C-reaktif proteini de iceren inflamatuar molekuller arasindaki iliskiye ait veriler birbirleri ile tam olarak ortusmemektedir. Bundan dolayi ileri calismalarla C-reaktif proteinin polikistik over sendromundaki rolunun aydinlatilmasi gereklidir.

Elevated C-reactive Protein Levels in Women with Bipolar Disorder may be Explained by a History of Childhood Trauma, Especially Sexual Abuse, Body Mass Index and Age.

To evaluate whether increased levels of high-sensitivity C- reactive protein (hs-CRP) observed in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) compared to healthy controls (HCs) could be influenced by a previous exposure to early life stress (ELS) independently from other explanatory or background variables, including age, body mass index (BMI), and the presence of cooccurring mental disorders. In this case-control study, we included 142 healthy controls and 92 bipolar I and II patients. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was administered in a subset of 30 female patients with BD and 31 female HCs, and plasma hs-CRP was measured in all subjects. Multivariable models adjusted the data for the possible confounding variables. Serum hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with BD compared to HCs. However, after controlling for BMI, these differences were no longer significant. Around 55% of the variance in hs-CRP was explained by cumulative and independent effects of age, BMI and childhood trauma, especially sexual abuse. Our results show that increased hs-CRP levels in BD patients are more related to childhood trauma, especially sexual abuse, age and BMI than to a diagnosis of BD per se. These data suggest that peripheral inflammation may underpin the well-known detrimental effects of childhood maltreatment and obesity in the course of BD. Hs-CRP data are difficult to interpret if they are not adjusted for effects of BMI and age.

Flavonoid intake is inversely associated with obesity and C-reactive protein, a marker for inflammation, in US adults

Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of flavonoid intake and disease risk, however the association between flavonoid intake and obesity has not been evaluated in a nationally representative sample of US adults. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between flavonoid consumption and established risk factors for obesity and obesity-related inflammation. Data from a nationally representative sample of 9551 adults who participated in the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Flavonoid consumption was inversely associated with obesity in both men and women in multivariate models. Adults in the highest quartile of flavonoid intake had significantly lower body mass index and waist circumference than those in the lowest quartile of flavonoid intake (P<0.03 and P<0.04, respectively), and flavonoid intake was inversely related to C-reactive protein levels in women (p-trend, 0.01). These findings support a growing body of laboratory evidence that flavonoid consumption may be beneficial for disease prevention.

Impact of metformin on C-reactive protein levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis.

The impact of the recommended first-line treatment with metformin on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is still controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies reporting the impact of metformin on serum CRP levels in women with PCOS. The weighted mean differences (WMDs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assesse the effects. GRADE approach was used to assesse the quality of the evidence. A total of 20 studies that included 433 women with PCOS were analyzed. CRP levels significantly decreased after metformin treatment (WMD = -1.23mg/L, 95%CI: -1.65 to -0.81, I2 = 93% and P < 0.001 for heterogeneity). The decreased levels of CRP were observed both in lean (BMI<25 kg/m2) and obese (BMI>25 kg/m2) patients. Interestingly, the degree of decreased CRP levels was not depended on metformin dosage, but more significantly in patients treated beyond 6 months (WMD≥6months = -1.47mg/L vs. WMD<6months = -0.94 mg/L). Decreased CRP levels are not associated with the status of IR and androgen in patients with PCOS. However, the quality of evidence was very low because of the limitations and inconsistency of the included studies. Therefore, metformin shows the potential effects on CRP levels in women with PCOS. However, considering the very low quality of evidence for the analysis, the effect of metformin on CRP levels are still very uncertain, and large-scale randomized-controlled study is needed to ascertain the long-term effects of metformin in PCOS.

High C-reactive protein levels in women undergoing IVF are associated with low quality embryos

High C-reactive protein levels in women undergoing IVF are associated with low quality embryos

PREDICTIVE VALUE OF MATERNAL SERUM C- REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS WITH SEVERITY OF PREECLAMPSIA

Background & objectives: Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertension disorder of pregnancy that develop in 4-5% . Elevated blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of conception characterizing the disease. Its complication including a major cause of morbidity and mortality to mother and fetus. increased C-reactive protein (CRP) level and inflammatory cytokines in PE women have been noted.. CRP is considerd a sensitive inflammatory marker in the body as its level increases in response to inflammation due to infection or tissue injury. correlated levels of CRP with severity of preeclampsia and determination of CRP levels in maternal serum in the 3rd trimester of pregnant women proved of great value in predicting preeclampsia prognosis. Authers used Proteinuria and blood pressures as parameters for severity of PE. Aim of the work: of this study was to investigate C-reactive protein (CRP) level in preeclampsia (PE) and its correlation with the severity of the disease. Material &methodes:This case control study included 15 women with mild PE, 15 women with severe PE, and 15 healthy pregnant women. They were selected in the third trimester of their pregnancy in Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Hospital during the period from August 2013 to June 2014. blood pressure and level of proteinuria were used as indicators of the severity of the disease. The results were analyzed by t-test and spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results of this study concerning levels of CRP revealed a highly statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) in serum of both mild pre-eclamptic women (group A) (median - range: 15 [7.1-30.] mg/L), and severe pre-eclamptic women (group B) (median- range : 43.1 [16.00-53.00] mg/L) when compared to their matched controls (group C) (median - range: 1.80[0.8-3.20] mg/L). There were significant correlations between serum CRP levels and Systolic blood pressure (r= 0.643, p<0.001 )and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.729, p < 0.001) also there was a positive correlation between CRP levels and biochemical parameters as ALT (r = 0.604, p < 0.001), AST(r = 0.632, p < 0.001),, s.uric acid(r = 0.648, p < 0.001), proteinuria( 0.792, p< 0.001), We showed higher levels of CRP in women with PE. Conclusion: high serum CRP levels in patient with preeclampsia , so, correlated with disease severity. Key words: C - reactive protein, severity of disease, preeclampisa

Vaginal washing fluid C-reactive protein levels in women with recurrent or treatment resistant vaginitis

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in vaginal washing fluid (VWF) in women with a history of recurrent and/or treatment resistant vaginitis. Methods: This prospective case control study was conducted in the gynecology clinic of the current hospital. A total of 64 women (33 with a history of recurrent and/or treatment resistant vaginitis as study group and 31 healthy women as control group) were enrolled in the study. The recorded parameters were; age, presenting symptom, educational level, socioeconomic status, frequency of vaginal douching (VD), peripheral blood leukocyte count, CRP levels in VWF, vaginal culture, fresh vaginal smear and urinalysis. Results: The study group had statistically significantly lower educational level and socioeconomic status than the control group (p<0.05). The mean levels of peripheral blood leukocyte count and leukocyte count on the fresh vaginal smear, leukocyturia and VWF CRP levels were statistically significantly higher in the study group (p<0.05). In patients who had ≥ 3 times a week VD had also statistically significantly higher VWF CRP levels (p=0.012). Conclusion: According to this study, recurrent and/or treatment resistant vaginitis is more common in women who have lower socioeconomic status/educational level and who perform more frequently VD, and VWF CRP levels may be a good marker for the diagnosis of disease.

Continuous or Interval Training and Inflammatory Response in Obese Women

Background: Recent studies have shown probable benefits of high intensity, predominantly anaerobic activities in fat oxidation capacity. However, the effect of predominantly anaerobic exercise in reducing obesity and inflammatory condition is still little known. Objectives: To assess the effects of aerobic vs. anaerobic training on the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in women with central obesity, and the association of CRP levels with body composition. Methods: Randomized clinical trial with a population composed of adult, sedentary women with central obesity, enrolled at the Teaching-Care Outpatient Facility of Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saude Publica. A group of 19 women was randomly divided into two groups: Continuous training (CT intensity at 20% of the ventilatory threshold VT) or Interval Training (IT 2-minute stimulus at 120% of VT and 2-minute recovery at 80% of VT) for 10 weeks, twice a week, 20-40-minute sessions. A medical and physical, laboratory and cardiopulmonary assessment was carried out before and after the intervention. Results: Median CRP levels were, respectively, before and after training: CT: 2.2 mg/L (0.6-4.1 mg/L) vs. 2.1 mg/L (0.8-5.5 mg/L) p=0.75; IT: 3.9 mg/L (0.7-8.6 mg/L) vs. 3.2 mg/L (1.2-5.7 mg/L) p=0.90. There was no significant difference when comparing the delta (Δ) CRP levels between groups, p=0.49. There was no association between CRP levels and other pre-intervention variables. Conclusion: Low-volume exercise programs, regardless of their intensity, do not change CRP levels in women with central obesity.

C-reactive protein gene variants: independent association with late-life depression and circulating protein levels.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a heritable biomarker of systemic inflammation that is commonly elevated in depressed patients. Variants in the CRP gene that influence protein levels could thus be associated with depression but this has seldom been examined, especially in the elderly. Depression was assessed in 990 people aged at least 65 years as part of the ESPRIT study. A clinical level of depression (DEP) was defined as having a score of ⩾16 on The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale or a diagnosis of current major depression based on the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms spanning the CRP gene were genotyped, and circulating levels of high-sensitivity CRP were determined. Multivariable analyses adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics, smoking, ischemic pathologies, cognitive impairment and inflammation-related chronic pathologies. The minor alleles of rs1130864 and rs1417938 were associated with a decreased risk of depression in women at Bonferroni-corrected significance levels (P=0.002). CRP gene variants were associated with serum levels in a gender-specific manner, but only rs1205 was found to be nominally associated with both an increased risk of DEP and lower circulating CRP levels in women. Variants of the CRP gene thus influence circulating CRP levels and appear as independent susceptibility factors for late-life depression.

Sedentary time and markers of inflammation in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Background and aimsWe investigated whether objectively measured sedentary time was associated with markers of inflammation in adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods and resultsWe studied 285 adults (184 men, 101 women, mean age 59.0 ± 9.7) who had been recruited to the Early ACTivity in Diabetes (Early ACTID) randomised controlled trial. C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and accelerometer-determined sedentary time and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were measured at baseline and after six-months. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the independent cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of sedentary time with markers of inflammation.At baseline, associations between sedentary time and IL-6 were observed in men and women, an association that was attenuated following adjustment for waist circumference. After 6 months of follow-up, sedentary time was reduced by 0.4 ± 1.2 h per day in women, with the change in sedentary time predicting CRP at follow-up. Every hour decrease in sedentary time between baseline and six-months was associated with 24% (1, 48) lower CRP. No changes in sedentary time between baseline and 6 months were seen in men. ConclusionsHigher sedentary time is associated with IL-6 in men and women with type 2 diabetes, and reducing sedentary time is associated with improved levels of CRP in women. Interventions to reduce sedentary time may help to reduce inflammation in women with type 2 diabetes.

Abstract P096: Maternal Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels During Pregnancy and Risk for High C-Reactive Protein 7-13 Years Later

Introduction: Elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) can be a marker of disease activity involving inflammation, such as pregnancy complications and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Systemically high levels of CRP in women, including during pregnancy, may indicate higher risk for CVD. It is unknown if CRP measured during the pro-inflammatory state of pregnancy correlates with concentrations assessed 7-13 years after delivery. Hypothesis: Concentrations of CRP assessed during pregnancy will be related to CRP measured several years after pregnancy, independent of weight gain. Methods: We studied the first 252 women enrolled in the follow-up of the Pregnancy Outcomes and Community Health Study (POUCHmoms 2011-2013) with complete CRP data for the pregnancy (mean gestational age: 22.36 [2.22] weeks) and POUCHmoms visits (mean follow-up: 10.76 [1.38] years). The relative risk for high hsCRP (≥ 3.39 μg/ml) at the follow-up visit, related to quartiles of CRP during pregnancy, was examined using stepwise regression models. Results: Median (IQR) levels of pregnancy CRP and hsCRP at the follow-up visit were 5.68 [3.08, 9.76] and 3.39 [0.69, 9.73] μg/ml, respectively. Although absolute values of hsCRP at follow-up were generally lower than pregnancy CRP, 56% of women in the top and bottom quartiles of pregnancy CRP (71 of 126) were in the same quartile for hsCRP at follow-up (figure). The relative risk of having high hsCRP (≥ 3.39 μg/ml) at follow-up ranged from 2.7-5.2 for the 2 nd - 4 th quartiles of pregnancy CRP (vs. the 1st quartile). Controlling for pre-pregnancy BMI and follow-up weight change, the relative risk of having high hsCRP at follow-up was significantly higher for the 2 nd (1.15 [1.02-1.30]),3 rd (1.19 [1.05-1.35), and 4 th (1.22 [1.05-1.41]) quartiles of pregnancy CRP. Conclusions: Pregnancy CRP levels are related to hsCRP levels several years later in this cohort of women, even after adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI and follow-up weight change. CRP assessed in pregnancy may reflect inflammatory status later in life.