Butyl Acrylate Monomers Research Articles

Electrochemical Properties of Powdery LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Electrodes with Styrene-Acrylic-Rubber-Based Latex Binders at High Voltage.

Efforts to improve the energy density and cycling stability of lithium-ion batteries have focused on replacing LiCoO2 in cathodes with LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2. However, reliance on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as the binder limits the application of the LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 composite electrode for lithium-ion batteries. Here, we evaluate the electrochemical properties of a LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (NMC111) powder electrode formed using a waterborne-styrene-acrylic-rubber (SAR) latex binder combined with sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The composite electrodes prepared with the SAR-based binder copolymerized with the butyl acrylate monomer and styrene exhibited high adhesive strength and excellent cyclability and rate capability. The results of surface analysis via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that the electrode with the SAR-based binder is more resistant to electrolyte decomposition during charge and discharge cycling compared with the NMC111 electrode comprising the conventional PVdF binder. The SAR-derived passivation resulted in enhanced capacity retention during long-term cycling tests of both half- and full-cells (NMC111//graphite). An electrode with a higher Ni content, LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622), fabricated using the SAR-based binder, retained 87.1% of its capacity after 50 cycles at 4.6 V and exhibited excellent cycling stability.

Multi-Responsive Polymer Nanoparticles: A Versatile Platform for Double-Security Anticounterfeiting and Smart Food Packaging.

Potential applications of colloidal polymer nanoparticles in the preparation of smart inks are investigated by physical incorporation of the oxazolidine molecules. Precise adjusting the polymer chain flexibility and polarity is achieved by controlling the ratio of methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate monomers in the polymerization reaction. In addition, nanofibrous indicators of acid-base vapors are prepared from the latex nanoparticles. This can be beneficial for creating materials that sense and respond to environmental changes, such as humidity or moisture and acidity. Thermochromic inks are prepared by microencapsulating crystal violet lactone dye (CVL) in polymer matrices to prevent their release into the aqueous media. Combining two distinct systems with varying triggers, such as light and temperature, provides an effective strategy for double-encryption anticounterfeiting and crack and scratch detection and indication applications. Preparing labels impregnated with double-responsive inks, a novel approach is developed for food spoilage detection and preservation indication. Labels are manufactured using polymer nanoparticles, which contain photoluminescent oxazolidine molecules, as well as a trinary mixture of CVL within core-shell latex particles as the thermochromic dye. The combination of these two responsive elements transforms traditional packaging into a dynamic and interactive sentinel for the food it holds.

Study on UV-Curable Acrylic Clear Viscoelastic Materials with Grafted Structures

Flexible substrates are crucial for wearable electronic strain sensors, but achieving biocompatibility, low cost, and aesthetic appeal alongside good mechanical performance remains challenging. Acrylic-based clear viscoelastic films (CVFs) are gaining attention due to their excellent transparency and potential for enhanced mechanical properties. This study synthesized copolymers CVF1-4 with varying branch content using soft monomers 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA), butyl acrylate (n-BA), and functional monomer acrylic acid (AA). Employing a "grafting-through" strategy, small molecule monomers, ATRP-synthesized oligomer pBA25, and photoinitiator 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) were in-situ polymerized under UV light to form transparent, flexible elastic films CVF1-4. Between -20 to 80 C, CVF1-4 demonstrated excellent mechanical properties such as low modulus (in the kPa range), low glass transition temperature (below -20 C), large deformation (500-600%), and high strain recovery rate (>95%). Among them, CVF3 with 15% branching showed a balanced comprehensive performance, exhibiting primarily elastic behavior at room temperature. Therefore, selecting appropriate molecular composition and grafting structure provides a simple and customizable solution for optimizing CVF properties.

Unveiling Solvent Effects on β-Scissions through Metadynamics and Mean Force Integration.

This study introduces a methodology that combines accelerated molecular dynamics and mean force integration to investigate solvent effects on chemical reaction kinetics. The newly developed methodology is applied to the β-scission of butyl acrylate (BA) dimer in polar (water) and nonpolar (xylene and BA monomer) solvents. The results show that solvation in both polar and nonpolar environments reduces the free energy barrier of activation by ∼4 kcal/mol and decreases the pre-exponential factor 2-fold. Employing a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics approach with explicit solvent modeling, we compute kinetic rate constants that better match experimental measurements compared to previous gas-phase calculations. This methodology presents promising potential for accurately predicting kinetic rate constants in liquid-phase polymerization and depolymerization processes.

Preparation and properties of azobenzene liquid crystal networks with stable and reversible deformation, self-healing characteristics

Photo-responsive liquid crystal networks (LCNs) can respond to optical stimuli and show significant macroscopic reversible deformation, which is promising for applications in flexible actuators, artificial muscles, and other fields. To date, most of the photo-responsive LCNs have been constructed using azobenzene as photo-responsive group. However, how to prepare azobenzene-LCNs (azo-LCNs) with stable deformation remains a challenge. In this article, we provide a new strategy for preparing azo-LCNs with stable and reversible deformation. We copolymerize azobenzene monomer M6AZ1, commercially butyl acrylate monomer BA, and dynamic covalent cross-linker monomer M6HABI to obtain azo-LCNs. When irradiated with 365 nm light, the uniaxially oriented LCNs fibers undergo bending towards light attributed to the photo-isomerization of azobenzene, and the bending angle increases with azobenzene component content in LCNs. With the highly reversible process of dynamic C–N bonds dissociation-reconjugation, the rearrangement and regeneration of covalent crosslinked network can be realized. Hence, the newly formed cross-linked network locks the deformation of azo-LCNs, and this deformation can be maintained for more than 90 days. When heated, the deformation can return to the original state. In addition, the azo-LCNs also exhibit self-healing and reprocessing properties.

Enhanced antifouling performance with a synergistic effect of self-renewal antifouling and contact bacteriostasis via the ionic exchange

It is extremely difficult for traditional coatings for antifouling constructed around a single antifouling strategy to adapting to the demands of complex marine environment. Herein, a poly-ionic liquid-based germicidal polyacrylate-3 coating (AFC-3) was prepared via free radical photo-copolymerization using isooctyl acrylate (2-EHA), butyl acrylate (BA) and ionic liquid monomer (IL-PF6) as monomers. Besides the contact bacteriostasis mechanisms, the introduction of IL-PF6 achieved the switch between self-renewal and hydrophilic surface by the exchange of PF6− and Cl− in artificial seawater. Regarding E. coli and S. aureus, the AFC-3 coating showed anti-bacterial efficiency of 100 % and 99.96 %, respectively. Moreover, with the continuous ionic exchange between PF6− and Cl−, the angle towards the water contact (WAC) of the coating became 11.356 °C, contributing to the enhancement of anti-protein property on the surface of the coating. The AFC-3 coating thus exhibited significantly effective antifouling performances, and is a highly promising coating for a broader range of marine anti-fouling and biomedical materials. Besides, the transmittance of the coating was above 92 % between 400 and 800 cm−1, conferring it great potentials for applications on the surface of optical devices like underwater cameras.

Gamma radiation-induced grafting of poly(butyl acrylate) onto ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer for improved crude oil flowability

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers are widely employed as pour point depressants to enhance the flow properties of crude oil. However, EVA copolymers have limitations that necessitate their development. This work investigated the modification of EVA via gamma radiation-induced grafting of butyl acrylate (BuA) monomers and the evaluation of grafted EVA as a pour point depressant for crude oil. The successful grafting of poly(butyl acrylate) p(BuA) onto EVA was verified through grafting parameters, FTIR spectroscopy, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Treating crude oil with 3000 ppm of (EVA)0kGy, (EVA)50kGy, and (1EVA:3BuA)50kGy yielded substantial reductions in pour point of 24, 21, and 21 °C, respectively. Also, rheological characterization demonstrated improving evidenced by a viscosity reduction of 76.20%, 67.70%, and 71.94% at 25 °C, and 83.16%, 74.98%, and 81.53% at 12 °C. At low dosages of 1000 ppm, the EVA-g-p(BuA) exhibited superior pour point reductions compared to unmodified EVA, highlighting the benefit of incorporating p(BuA) side chains. The grafted EVA copolymers with p(BuA) side chains showed excellent potential as crude oil flow improvers by promoting more effective adsorption and co-crystallization with paraffin wax molecules.

Crosslinkable latex-based acrylic adhesives containing functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (fCNCs)

In this study, crosslinkable acrylic adhesives with functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (fCNCs) were prepared via in situ emulsion polymerization at 80 °C for 3h. The neat acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) without any nanoparticles were prepared using butyl acrylate (BA), 65 wt%, and methyl methacrylate (MMA), 35 wt%, and various amounts of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 1, 3, 5, 7 wt% based on total BA and MMA monomers. For preparing fCNCs reinforced adhesives, the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were functionalized using various concentrations of 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (MPS), 5, 20, 40 mM. The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (fCNCs), and the prepared adhesives were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The Adhesion performance of the adhesives was evaluated by lap shear and 180° peel tests. The results showed that increasing the HEMA content as crosslinking agent in the adhesive structure, enhanced its gel content, glass transition temperature (Tg), thermal stability, and adhesive performance, i.e. lap shear and peel strength. Finally, the adhesive containing 5 wt% HEMA was selected as the appropriate sample. Thereafter, the adhesives containing 5 wt% HEMA were synthesized in the presence of various amounts of fCNCs, i.e. 0.5, 1, 1.5 wt%. The Adhesion performance of the neat and reinforced adhesives indicated that increasing the fCNCs to the adhesive enhanced thermal stability, gel content, lap shear and peel strength. Additionally, the fCNCs prepared using higher concentration of MPS (40 mM) was more effective on the adhesion performance than the fCNCs prepared with the lower MPS contents, 5, 20 mM. The results showed that the adhesives prepared using 1 wt% and 1.5 wt% of fCNC40 (containing 40 mM MPS) exhibited better adhesion performance.

Designing an optimised formulation for in situ emulsion polymerization: printing ink production by response surface methodology

Purpose Toner is a crucial dry colorant composite used in printing based on the electrophotographic process. The quality of printed images is greatly influenced by the toner production method and material formulation. Chemically in situ polymerization methods are currently preferred. This paper aims to optimize the characteristics of a composite produced through emulsion polymerization using common raw materials for electrophotographic toner production. Design/methodology/approach Emulsion polymerization provides the possibility to optimize the physical and color properties of the final products. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize variables affecting particle size (PS), PS distribution (PSD), glass transition temperature (Tg°C), color properties (ΔE) and monomer conversion. Box–Behnken experimental design with three levels of styrene and butyl acrylate monomer ratios, carbon black pigment and sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant was used for RSM optimization. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis and surface morphology of composite particles were examined. Findings The results indicated that colorants with small PS, narrow PSDs, spherical shape morphology, acceptable thermal and color properties and a high percentage of conversion could be easily prepared by optimization of material parameters in this method. The anticipated outcome of the present inquiry holds promise as a guiding beacon toward the realization of electrographic toner of superior quality and exceptional efficacy, a vital factor for streamlined mass production. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, material parameters were evaluated to determine their impact on the characteristics of emulsion polymerized toner composites.

Designing dynamic metal-coordinated hydrophobically associated mechanically robust and stretchable hydrogels for versatile, multifunctional applications in strain sensing, actuation and flexible supercapacitors

Combining the synergistic effect of dynamic metal–ligand cross-linking and hydrophobic association along with low density chemical cross-linking, we have developed a mechanically robust and stretchable hydrogel that was synthesized by micellar copolymerization of acrylamide (AM), maleic acid (MA) and butyl acrylate monomer. With optimized composition, this hydrogel showed ∼ 3 MPa tensile strength & ∼ 60 MPa compressive strength. The hydrogel is stretchable ∼ 7 times of its original length. These hydrogel materials are flexible and can be folded, bent, and twisted due to their high toughness (∼10 MJ m−3) and low elastic modulus (0.56 MPa). Because of the dynamic nature of metal–ligand interaction and hydrophobic association, the hydrogel showed high energy dissipation under tensile deformation and quick recovery of the dissipated energy after repeated loading and unloading. This hydrogel showed pH responsive mechanical properties. At lower pH, the mechanical strength and elastic modulus of the hydrogel deteriorated due to the dissociation of metal–ligand interaction. This concept was further used for demonstrating shape memory effect in these materials. Utilizing the colorimetric change in presence of Fe3+ and H+, the hydrogel can be used for data encryption-decryption technology. Combining with a thermoresponsive hydrogel (Poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide)) layer, our hydrogel showed excellent thermoresponsive reversible actuation effect. Furthermore, because of its high ionic conductivity and strain dependent resistance change, the hydrogel can be used as a flexible strain sensor and as a compressible electrolyte in flexible supercapacitor devices.

Preparation of thermo-responsive polymer and its application for plugging in hydrate-bearing sediments

Hydrate phase equilibrium can be disrupted by the drop in pressure and increase in temperature due to the drilling fluid invasion into hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) during drilling operations. In this study, in order to alleviate hydrate dissociation in the drilling process, thermo-responsive polymers as reversible plugging nanoparticles were employed in drilling fluids. First, by introduction of butyl acrylate monomers into N-isopropylacrylamide with different molar ratios, a series of thermo-responsive polymers with different lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) were prepared to adapt the formation temperature conditions, and then their plugging performance and the reversibility in hydrate-bearing sediments were studied. Results showed that the hydrate decomposition only occurred in a limited zone within 2 cm during the injection of polymer solution, and the hydrate saturation decreases only by 4.4% at 10 min at a position 2 cm from the inlet end. A dense filter cake formed by the polymers can effectively prevent external fluid from entering hydrate sediments for a long time under the condition of 3 MPa differential pressure, and thus reduce the decomposition of hydrates in porous media. Moreover, the differential pressure dramatically decreased from 3.2 MPa to 0.8 MPa when the temperature declined to below the LCST, indicating that the particles blocking the pore throat can be gradually re-dissolved and expelled from the pores. Consequently, the reservoir permeability can be recovered due to the reversibility of thermo-responsive polymer, allowing fluid flows in the exploitation process. Thermos-responsive polymers can be smart plugging agents to block and unblock the well walls in the whole drilling and production stages in hydrate-bearing sediments with intelligence.

Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) as Cholesterol-Absorbing Materials

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) membranes as cholesterol absorbers have been successfully synthesized. MIP membranes can absorb cholesterol molecules because they have cavite (pores) and active groups that are selective and sensitive to cholesterol molecules. MIP membranes are synthesized from butyl acrylate monomers, cross-linkers, ethylene glycol dimethacrilate (EGDMA), initiators of 2- 2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPP, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactants, and cholesterol as templates. MIP membranes are synthesized using photopolymerization irradiated with UV light. The results obtained in the form of powder solids can be characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results obtained by UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed that the MIP membrane prepared a standard curve with a linear regression equation y = 0.0054x-0.007 with a value of R2 = 0.9982. This suggests that MIP membranes are selective and sensitive to analytes. At optimum absorption of the MIP-cholesterol membrane can absorb cholesterol molecules in the amount of 0.020 grams of cholesterol composition within 20 minutes

Application of Modified Styrene-Acrylic-Rubber-based Latex Binder to LiCoO<sub>2</sub> Composite Electrodes for Lithium-ion Batteries

A new combination of styrene acrylic rubber (SAR) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose was developed as a water-borne binder for LiCoO2 composite electrodes operating at high voltages. Four novel SAR-based latex binders were synthesized with butyl acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate monomer and styrene via copolymerization with low and high crosslinking degrees. Composite electrodes prepared using lower-crosslinking-degree SAR binders became more stretchable and flexible. Surface analysis using electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the cycled LiCoO2 electrode was covered with approximately 10-nanometer-thick decomposition products when a conventional poly(vinylidene fluoride) binder was used. The electrodes with SAR-based binders with low cross-linkage formed a stable passivation surface during the initial cycle, and further continuous electrolyte decomposition was successfully suppressed. This passivation improved the cycle stability of LiCoO2 electrode up to 4.5 V, i.e., 87.1 % capacity retention, even after 100 cycles and suppressed self-discharge performance at 45 °C.

Improvement of shrinkage reducing performance of polycarboxylate superplasticizer by butyl acrylate and its mechanism

AbstractA series of polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCEs) with different molecular structures and shrinkage reducing performance were synthesized by modifying PCE with butyl acrylate (BA), and their molecular structures were characterized. The influence of BA on the dispersion and shrinkage reducing performance of PCEs and the influence of PCEs grafting different ration of BA on the hydration of cement were investigated in detail. Furthermore, the mechanisms of BA improving PCE shrinkage reducing performance were emphatically analyzed. The results showed that: (1) BA was successfully grafted into the molecular structures of PCEs and the expected molecular structures were obtained by polymerization. (2) BA has little effect on the dispersion of PCEs, but it will affect the hydration process of cement paste mixed with PCEs and significantly improve the shrinkage reducing performance of PCEs. (3) After grafting BA monomer into PCE, the surface tension of PCE solution decreased and the evaporation rate of alkaline solution mixed with PCE also significantly slowed down. Moreover, the retention capacity of pore water of cement paste mixed with PCE was improved. These three reasons were considered to be the main mechanisms of BA improving the shrinkage reducing performance of PCE.

Preparation and properties of UV cation-initiated self-crosslinking acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive without reactive diluent

The aim of this paper is to synthesize a UV-initiated self-crosslinking epoxy acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) without reactive diluents. The monomers butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and functional monomers acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate were used as raw materials. Dodecyl mercaptan was used as a chain-transfer agent, and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) was used as an initiator for free radical polymerization in the synthesis of an acrylate prepolymer containing epoxy groups. When a cationic UV initiator was added, the system showed the characteristics of a nonreactive diluent and emitted a faint odor. A self-crosslinking epoxy acrylate PSA was obtained by coating at room temperature and UV light initiation. The effects of AA and GMA dosages, photoinitiator dosage, and curing time on the product's properties were investigated. Viscosity was characterized with a rotary viscometer, whereas the structure, glass transition temperature, and thermal decomposition were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Results showed that the PSAs containing 3.5 % AA, 12.5 % GMA, and 2 % photoinitiator 6976 and subjected to 40 s of curing time had the best overall performance, with a loop tack of 11.1 N/25 mm, 180° peel adhesion of 14.5 N/25 mm, dynamic shear strength of 9.2 N/12 mm × 12 mm, and good heat resistance at 80 °C for 4 h without adhesive loss after peeling. A novel self-crosslinking PSA glue was successfully prepared by introducing epoxy groups into the molecular chains of prepolymers and controlling the viscosity of the prepolymers with a chain transfer agent. These procedures effectively remediate the shortcomings of current acrylate PSA glue, which contain active diluents, produce irritating odor, and undergo oxygen inhibition polymerization, offering great prospects for industrial applications.

Self‐healing polyacrylate coatings with dynamic H‐bonds between urea groups

AbstractAdding self‐healing properties to coatings is a promising way to increase their lifetime. Despite an increasing popularity, lots of self‐healing polymers are not suited for commercial coatings because they exhibit poor mechanical properties or require expensive products or high healing temperature (> 100°C). One way to obtain self‐healing abilities with good mechanical properties is by using dynamic H‐bonds as they also limit the healing temperature. To do so, urea groups are used since they are well‐known for their bonding capacity and can be readily synthesized. In this study, several methacrylate monomers containing urea groups in their side‐chain were synthesized from easily accessible amines and isocyanates in a one‐step, high‐yield synthesis. They were afterwards used in a copolymer containing methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate monomers. The self‐healing properties of the resulting coatings were evaluated with gloss recovery and optical microscopy and the presence of H‐bonds in the most promising polymer was investigated with FTIR. The mechanical properties of the coatings as a function of time were checked by nanoindentation creep test. We were able to obtain an affordable, easily prepared polymer that suits the requirements for protective coating applications and shows a complete healing after heating at 75°C for 1 h.

Effects of Carbon Chain Length of Acrylate Monomer on Sizing Properties of Locust Bean Gum-g-P (AA-co-Acrylate)

In order to impart good application properties to locust bean gum size for all-polyester yarn, a series of acrylate monomers including methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and common hydrophilic monomer–acrylic acid were grafted onto molecular chains of native locust bean gum to obtain locust bean gum- g-P(AA-co-acrylate) products with similar grafting ratios through Fenton’s reagent, respectively. The effects of carbon chain length of the series of acrylates on sizing properties of the grafted locust bean gum for polyester warp were studied. It was found that by grafting acrylates onto the molecular chains of locust bean gum the sizing properties of the locust bean gum were improved markedly. Under the condition of similar grafting ratios, locust bean gum- g-poly(AA-co-methyl acrylate) showed the highest apparent viscosity, water solubility, film strength, wettability, and adhesion to polyester fiber in all the grafted locust bean gum prepared. Meanwhile, locust bean gum- g-poly(AA-co-butyl acrylate) and locust bean gum- g-poly(AA-co-2-ethylhexyl acrylate) had the highest wear resistance and elongation of sizing film, respectively. The modified locust bean gum grafted with acrylate monomers with different carbon chain lengths was able to meet various requirements in the sizing process for polyester yarn.

Remarkable toughness reinforcement of elastomer with cellulose microgel: Employing polymer matrix and cellulose nanofiber network as the continuous phase and energy dissipation agent

Double-network reinforcement strategy has been widely used to improve hydrogels' toughness but is rarely applied in bulk polymer. The key to this strategy is introducing sacrificial bonds to improve strength and maintain the integrity of the polymer matrix at high elongation, dissipating applied energy as much as possible. In this study, a micron-sized microgel was employed as a sacrificial agent to reinforce polymer matrix. A simple and versatile process was introduced for the fabrication of cellulose microgel/ poly(butyl acrylate(BA)-co-methyl methacrylate(MMA)) nanocomposites by in situ free-radical polymerizations of BA and MMA complex monomer solution contained with well-dispersed cellulose microgels. After polymerization, the microgels were found homogeneously distributed within the polymer matrix. The organic-phase bacterial cellulose microgels (OB-microgel) reinforced polymer exhibited marvelous performance in the tensile test. The ultimate strength, Young's modulus, and toughness of P(BA-co-MMA) reinforced with 1.0 wt% OB-microgel were 1.13 MPa, 1.09 MPa, and 1.11 KJ m−3, about 2–3 times higher than neat P(BA-co-MMA) respectively. Moreover, a high strain to failure similar to the neat P(BA-co-MMA) was maintained. This reinforcement was mainly attributed to the sacrificing effect of microgel, not the formation of a percolation network, which was also supported by DMA test. Hence, cellulose microgel consisting of cellulose nanofiber network was demonstrated to be an efficient energy dissipation agent for the continuous phase of the polymer matrix to acquire high strain to failure and high tensile strength.

The effect of acrylic silane crosslinker on room‐temperature cured acrylate binder for road markings

AbstractAn acrylic binder with excellent physical properties is prepared using copolymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate monomer (BAM), 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2‐HEMA), 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA), and additives. The obtained acrylic resins are subjected to a redox initiator system (ROIS) for room temperature curing. The effects of the TMSPMA concentration and [acryl‐copolymer]/[2‐HEMA] ratio on backbone content are studied in terms of traffic marking paint. The mechanical and morphological properties are thoroughly evaluated using universal testing machine (UTM), UV spectrum, and SEM. With increasing TMSPMA content, the adhesive strength and transmittance of the cured resins increase up to a limiting value of TMSPMA content because of the optimizing crosslink network in backbone structure. The introduction of TMSPMA may be effectively attributed to strong adhesive and high transparency of an acrylic resin series. Consequently, acrylic resins with optimal TMSPMA content can be mostly utilized as a high‐performance binder in the traffic marking paint field.

"A NOVEL RICE STRAW–BUTYL ACRYLATE GRAFT COPOLYMER: SYNTHESIS AND ADSORPTION STUDY FOR OIL SPILL CLEANUP FROM SEAWATER "

For the first time, a potential material for oil spill cleanup has been successfully synthesized by the graft polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA) onto rice straw (RS) using 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator and divinyl benzene (DVB) as cross-linking agent. The copolymer synthesis was controlled by the concentration of monomer BA and AIBN, reaction time, and temperature. It was found that the optimal conditions for the highest graft yield of 41.50% were as follows: [AIBN] = 0.04 mol/L, [BA] = 1.50 mol/L, 180 min at 75 °C. The graft copolymer RS-g-BA was structurally analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In the presence of DVB (1.5%), the maximal adsorption capacity of the copolymer was 20.56 g/g. The reusability of the RS-g-BA copolymer was assessed during seven sorption/desorption cycles with 70% recovery. The experimental data were clearly more suitably fitted by the Langmuir monolayer adsorption model rather than by the Freundlich isotherm model. The kinetic study indicated that oil adsorption by RS-g-BA is likely to be a chemisorption process.