Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire Research Articles

Pengaruh fanatisme terhadap agresivitas simpatisan partai politik di Kabupaten Bima yang dimoderasi oleh altruisme

During the election period, as well as before and after, there were numerous controversies, one of which involved conflicts between political party sympathizers, including those that occurred in Bima Regency. This conflict was identified as an act of aggression. Aggressiveness often arises from the high levels of fanaticism held by individuals or political party sympathizers. The aim of this research is to examine how fanaticism influences the aggressiveness of political party sympathizers in Bima Regency, with altruism as a moderating factor. The research employed quantitative correlational methods, using data analysis techniques such as moderated regression analysis. Three scales were used in this study: the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), a fanaticism scale, and an altruism scale. The results showed a significant influence of fanaticism on aggressiveness (p<0.005; β = 0.398). However, the second result indicated that altruism did not moderate the relationship between fanaticism and aggressiveness (p>0.005; β = -0.009). The implication of the research is that political party sympathizers should avoid excessive fanaticism to prevent aggressive behavior.

The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder and head injury on reactive and appetitive aggression in adult Syrian refugees in Lebanon.

Refugees are highly vulnerable to mental health disorders and head injuries. The primary aim of this study is to examine the impact of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and head injury on reactive and appetitive aggression in adult Syrian refugees in Lebanon. A cross-sectional study was conducted targeting adult Arab United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees-registered Syrian refugees residing in Beirut and southern regions of Lebanon. Eligible refugees completed a battery of questionnaires including the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, the Trauma Events and Head Injury sections of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and the Appetitive Aggression Scale. A total of 191 Syrian refugees participated in the study: 62.83% were females, and the mean age was 31.01 years (SD = 10.98). The severity of PTSD (adjusted B = 0.18, 95% CI [0.05, 0.31], p = .006), having experienced at least one head injury trauma event (adjusted B = 10.20, 95% CI [1.61, 18.79], p = .020), and the severity of somatic symptoms (adjusted B = 0.71, 95% CI [0.23, 1.20], p = .004) were significant risk factors of reactive aggression. As for appetitive aggression, males (females adjusted OR [aOR] = 0.06, 95% CI [0.02, 0.18], p < .001), younger individuals (aOR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.91, 0.99], p = .024), and higher severity of somatic symptoms (aOR = 1.20, 95% CI [1.09, 1.32], p < .001) were significant risk factors. PTSD and head injury are independent risk factors for reactive aggression but not appetitive aggression in Syrian refugees in Lebanon, while the severity of somatic symptoms is an independent risk factor for both reactive and appetitive aggression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Unveiling the impact of siren noise exposure on cognitive function and mental health among firefighters

Firefighters reside in inherently noisy environments with sirens and emergency alarms. This noise can negatively affect the performance of firefighters and further pose a safety risk. This study investigates the relationship between siren noise exposure and its mental health disorders. In doing so, the study focuses on cognitive function among firefighters, using a Bayesian network model for the first time. This case-control study involved 92 firefighters and was conducted in 2023. Participants were categorized into case and control groups based on their exposure levels to siren noise. Noise exposures were initially measured according to ISO 9612 standards. The questionnaires covered demographic information, scales of their depression, anxiety, and stress, the Buss-Perry aggression questionnaire, and the cognitive failure questionnaire. GeNIe academic software version 2.3 was employed for Bayesian network analysis. The study results indicated a strong association that heightened siren noise exposure with a 100% probability increases depression (10%), stress (14%), anxiety (13%), and aggression (16%). In addition, each variable–noise exposure, depression, stress, anxiety, and aggression was linked to cognitive failure by 8%, 28%, 8%, and 13%, respectively. The combination of variables including noise exposure, depression, anxiety, and other mental health disorders had a 57% increase in cognitive failure. The most influence values were observed between depression and cognitive failures (0.564). The results of this study demonstrated the effect of siren noise exposure and its mental health disorders on cognitive function among firefighters. The results further highlight proper implementation of measures to mitigate these effects, and further required investigation on their effectiveness.

The Effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy-Based Psychoeducation on Medication Adherence and Aggression in Individuals Diagnosed With Schizophrenia: An Experimental Study.

It is known that treatment compliance is low and aggression is higher in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to the normal population. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is known to reduce relapse and hospitalisation and increase well-being in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, there are almost no studies on increasing treatment compliance and decreasing aggression. This study was conducted to determine how CBT-based psychoeducation affects medication adherence and aggression in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental model with the pre-test-post-test control group with 73 schizophrenic patients (33 experimental, 40 control) between June 2022 and July 2023. Data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPSQ). The schizophrenic patients in the experimental group were given eight sessions of CBT-based psychoeducation, while the schizophrenic patients in the control group were not given any training. The data were analysed using mean, standard deviation, chi-squared test, dependent samples t-test and independent samples t-test. It was determined that the aggression level of the experimental group before the training was 80.51 ± 19.38, and after the CBT-based psychoeducation, it was 73.12 ± 15.28. It was determined that the aggression level of the control group before the training was 84.22 ± 12.13, and after the post-test, it was 85.60 ± 11.72. It was determined that the medication adherence level of the experimental group before the training was 2.75 ± 1.25, and after the CBT-based psychoeducation, it was 3.57 ± 0.67. It was determined that the medication adherence level of the control group before the training was 2.05 ± 1.33, and after the post-test, it was 2.17 ± 1.36. The psychoeducation based on CBT caused a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) in medication adherence and aggression levels in the experimental group. It was determined that CBT applied to individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia was effective on increasing their medication adherence and reducing their aggression. It is recommended for psychiatric nurses to include CBT-based psychoeducation in their nursing practices in order to increase medication adherence and reduce aggression in individuals with schizophrenia. The findings emphasise that CBT-based psychoeducation increases treatment adherence and significantly decreases the level of aggression in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Psychiatric nurses should include CBT-based psychoeducation in their treatments.

Enhancing online safety: The impact of social media violent content and violence among teens in Illinois

The ongoing prevalence and increasing rate of violence in the United States, particularly among teenagers, is a major concern for many families. Numerous incidents of gun-related violence involving teens have been reported. Concurrently, there has been a significant rise in social media usage among teenagers, particularly on platforms like TikTok, where violent content is often consumed. This paper aims to explore the relationship between the consumption of violent media content among teens and the prevalence of aggressive behaviours and violence which might include gun violence, drawing on the social learning theory. To conduct this research, an experiment will be carried out in a laboratory setting with 50 participants who are freshmen at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. These participants will be exposed to various forms of violent content to assess their levels of aggressiveness and attitudes using the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) following the exposure. It is anticipated that the participants' aggression levels on the BPAQ will be high, thereby supporting the proposed correlations. Consequently, it is imperative to consider utilizing AI technology to enhance algorithms and recommendation systems that can help mitigate the dissemination of gun-related and violent content to teenagers.

EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO VIOLENT CONTENT OF VIDEO-GAMES ON EVOLUTION OF AGGRESSIVE AND SUICIDAL BEHAVIOURS

Background: Exposure to violent video games leads to aggressive and suicidal behaviours. The objective of this study was to compare violence exposure, degree of aggression and suicidal ideation between non-video gamers (NVGs), non-violent video gamers (NVVGs), and violent video gamers (VVGs), and to correlate degree of violence exposure to intensity of aggression and suicidal ideation. Methods: Thirty-six subjects were included in each of NVGs, NVVGs and VVGs groups. Exposure to violence was evaluated through Video Game Questionnaire (VGQ), degree of aggression via Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), and severity of suicidal ideation through Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). ANOVA, Post Hoc Tukey’s test, and Pearson’s correlation were used for data analysis. Results: Degree of violence exposure was significantly different between NVGs, NVVGs and VVGs (p=0.000), and so was intensity of physical-aggression, verbal-aggression, anger, hostility, and suicidal ideation (p=0.000 respectively). Degree of violence experienced by NVVGs and VVGs depicted a positive correlation with intensity of physical aggression [(r=0.467, p=0.004) and (r=0.546, p=0.001) respectively], verbal aggression [(r=0.401, p=0.015) and (r=0.476, p=0.003) respectively], anger [(r=0.564, p=0.000) and (r=0.485, p=0.003) respectively], hostility [(r=0.484, p=0.003) and (r=0.440, p=0.007) respectively] as well as suicidal ideation [(r=0.827, p=0.000) and (r=0.604, p=0.000) respectively] while physical-aggression, verbal-aggression, anger and hostility scores showed an independent positive correlation with suicidal likelihood in both NVVGs and VVGs [(r=0.451, p=0.006), (r=0.484, p=0.003), (r=0.480, p=0.003), (r=0.384, p=0.021), and (r=0.441, p=0.007), (r=0.442, p=0.007), (r=0.458, p=0.005), (r=0.491, p=0.002) respectively]. Conclusion: Exposure to violent video games creates aggression associated suicidal tendency. Pak J Physiol 2024;20(3):27?30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v20i3.1550

Distinct impulsivity profiles in subtypes of violence among community-dwelling patients with severe mental disorders: a longitudinal study

BackgroundAlthough only a few patients with severe mental disorders (SMD) can commit violent behaviour in the community, violent behaviour aggravates the stigma towards patients with SMD. Understanding the subtypes of violent behaviour may be beneficial for preventing violent behaviour among patients with SMD, but it has rarely been studied.MethodsThis longitudinal study investigated 1914 patients with SMD in the community at baseline, and the follow-up period ranged from February 2021 to August 2021. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version-11, the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, the Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression Scale, the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire and the MacArthur Community Violence Instrument were used at baseline. The Modified Overt Aggression Scale was used to assess the occurrence of violent behaviour (outcome) during the follow-up period. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Latent class analysis was used to characterise the subtypes of patients with SMD who engaged in violent behaviour at follow-up.ResultsWe found that 7.2% of patients with SMD presented violent behaviour within six months in the community. Younger age (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96-1.00, p = 0.016) and no economic source (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.10–2.33, p = 0.014) were risk factors for violent behaviour. Patients with SMD who engaged in violent behaviour could be classified into three subtypes: one class characterised by a history of violence and impulsivity, another class characterised by high levels of aggression and motor impulsivity, and the last class characterised by median cognitive impulsivity.ConclusionsSocio-demographic factors were risk factors for violent behaviour among patients with SMD, which could eliminate the discrimination toward this group. Impulsivity played a vital role in identifying the three subtypes of patients with SMD who engaged in violent behaviour. These findings may be helpful for the development of a personalised violence risk management plan for patients with SMD who commit violent behaviour in the community.

Gender similarities and differences in non-suicidal self-injury in an adolescent clinical sample

ABSTRACT Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) continues to be an important problem in adolescents, and it was aimed to investigate the relationship between suicide probability, cyberbullying, impulsivity, and aggression with NSSI history in the adolescent clinical population on the basis of gender. 267 adolescents with a history of NSSI and 210 without were included. They filled the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS), Cyberbullying and Online Aggression Screening Scale (COASS), Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), Suicide Probability Scale (SPS), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11-Short Form (BIS-11-SF). Four subscales and total scores of SPS, BPAQ, BIS-11-SF total scores were found to be significantly higher in males with a history of NSSI. BPAQ, BIS-11-SF motor, and attention impulsiveness, BIS-11-SF total scores, four subscales, and total scores of SPS were found to be significantly higher in females with a history of NSSI. Lower BIS-11-SF non-planning impulsivity, higher SPS/suicide ideation and hostility scores, and lower father’s education level were found to be the best predictive factors for ISAS total scores in males. In females, experience cyberbullying, lower age, higher SPS/suicide ideation and total scores were the best predictors. Knowing the factors associated with NSSI and the differences between genders will be effective in both preventing NSSI and shaping treatment modalities.

Internalizing an Islamic Culture of Inner and Social Peace to reduce Student Aggression in Higher Education

Internalization of peaceful Islamic culture in higher education is a concept that emphasizes the creation of a harmonious learning environment and respect for differences to achieve an effective, conducive, and minimally violent learning environment for students. Research on the internalization of Islamic culture of peace at the higher education level on the study of inner and social aspects to create peace often needs more attention. This study examines the effectiveness of Islamic inner and social peace culture in reducing student aggression in higher education. This research approach is quantitative research. The type of research is quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design: the design used is pretest- posttest control group design. Respondents came from 3 universities in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Forty-eight respondents were divided into two groups, experimental group (M=26.63, SD=3.41) and control group (M=24.38, SD=2.65) . Respondents in this study tended to have high levels of aggression. The sampling method used to collect data was purposive sampling. This research questionnaire uses a modified Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) which has gone through a translation process using Indonesian with level reliability α= 0.763. The data analysis of this study used paired sample t-test. The results showed that the internalization of three principles in building an Islamic Culture of Inner and Social Peace, namely inner peace, soul cleansing, and noble morals, effectively reduced student aggression. This research implies that a harmonious learning environment in higher education can be achieved by strengthening the implementation of character building for students who are able to communicate, think critically, and solve problems peacefully.

ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND THEIR RELATIVITY TO AGGRESSION OF YOUNG ADULTS IN MALITA, DAVAO OCCIDENTAL PHILIPPINES

Using a descriptive-correlational approach, this study aimed to quantify the prevalence of ACEs (adverse childhood experiences) and aggression among young adults in Malita. It specifically determines the level of ACEs and aggression, the significant relationship between ACEs and aggression, and the area of the independent variable that was most strongly associated with the aggression of young adults. 98 respondents were randomly selected to take part in the study. The independent variable was measured using two adapted questionnaires, namely, the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Questionnaire [47] and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [26], while Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992) [22] for the dependent variable. The researchers made used of a variety of statistical methods, including the mean, Spearman's rho, and step-wise multiple regression. Among the five types of abuse, results showed that emotional abuse was a commonly reported form of adversity in childhood. Meanwhile, at the level of aggression, verbal aggression was shown to have the highest responses out of the three different types of aggression. The findings of the study showed no statistical significance between varia-bles. While emotional neglect, among other forms of adversity in childhood, was the lone predictor of aggression in young adults.

Network analysis of trait aggression among community youths and juvenile offenders

ObjectiveThe mainstream view in trait aggression research has regarded the structure as representing the latent cause of the cognitions, emotions, and behaviors that supposedly reflect its nature. Under network perspective, trait aggression is not a latent cause of its features but a dynamic system of interacting elements. The current study uses network theory to explain the structure of relationships between trait aggression features in juvenile offenders and their peers.MethodsNetwork analysis was applied to investigate the dynamic system of trait aggression operationalized by the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire in a sample of community youths (Mage = 17.46, N = 715) and juvenile offenders (Mage = 18.36, N = 834).ResultsThe facet level networks showed that anger is a particularly effective mechanism for activating all other traits. In addition, anger was more strongly associated with physical aggression and the overall network strength was greater in juvenile delinquency networks than in their peers. The item level networks revealed that A4 and A6 exhibited the highest predictability and strength centrality in both samples. Also, the Bayesian network indicated that these two items were positioned at the highest level in the model. There are similarities and differences between juvenile delinquents and community adolescents in trait aggression.ConclusionTrait aggression was primarily activated by difficulty controlling one’s temper and feeling like a powder keg.

Testosterone, Digit Ratio, and Aggression Among Youth in Conflict with the Law in Kano, Nigeria

Abstract Introduction: Studies have associated testosterone with aggression, although with a weak and sometimes equivocal one. This study aimed to determine the correlation between testosterone and digit ratio (r2D:4D) using measures of aggression in youth in conflict with the law in Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This case–control study involves 48 youth aged 11–16 years in conflict with the law living in a remand home. The participants were divided into two groups based on the reported history of violent behavior. Serum total testosterone level was determined using an ELISA kit. Aggression was determined by the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, whereas r2D:4D was measured directly using a digital caliper. Independent-sample t test was used to determine differences in quantitative variables, while Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation. Results: The mean age of the participants is 15.23 years. Serum testosterone level was positively correlated with anger (r = 0.327, P = 0.023) among all participants and with physical aggression (r = 0.405, P = 0.032) among those with a history of violent behavior. However, r2D:4D did not correlate with aggression or serum testosterone. Testosterone explained 22% of variance in physical aggression and is a predictor of physical aggression (P = 0.046) among all study participants. Among those with a history of violent behavior, testosterone explained 41% of variance in physical aggression (P = 0.032); a 1 nmol increase in testosterone increases the physical aggression score by 0.41. Conclusion: testosterone level is positively correlated with anger and physical aggression in youth in conflict with the law in Kano, Nigeria, while the digit ratio is not.

Development and Testing of the Cyber Malevolent Creativity Behavior Scale

ABSTRACTIn the current research, we developed and tested a Cyber Malevolent Creativity Behavior Scale (CMCBS), which contains 11 items in three dimensions and aims to measure the degree of individuals' cyber malevolent creativity through malevolent creative behaviors in their lives. The results revealed satisfactory reliability with Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.749 for the overall scale. Specifically, the calculated values were 0.681 for cybershaming, 0.799 for technology abuse, and 0.644 for information manipulation. Data were collected utilizing an online survey (N = 988) in the form of a questionnaire. Using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, the questionnaire's latent structure and contribution of relevant correlates for explaining cyber malevolent creativity were examined. The CMCBS was significantly and positively correlated with the Malevolent Creativity Behavior Scale, Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and the Cyberbullying Inventory. This, along with the adequate psychometric properties uncovered here, indicates that it is a useful tool for research on cyber malevolent creativity.

Impact of Alcohol and Opium Use on Aggressive Behavior in Substance Users

The aim of the study is to compare the aggression levels in male drug patients who were taking alcohol and opium. A sample of 54 male drug addicts used in this study to compare verbal and physical aggression, hostility and anger. The Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire was used in this study. The results of the study show the significant difference between alcohol and opium when it comes to physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. The result shows that physical aggression was higher in alcohol addicts (M= 29.00) as compared to opium addicts (M= 22.70). Similarly, verbal aggression was significantly higher (M= 12.14) in alcohol addicts as compared to opium addicts (M= 11.57). Likewise, anger was also higher in alcohol addicts (M= 16.86) than opium (M= 14.96). Furthermore, hostility was also higher in alcohol addicts (M= 21.28) as compared with opium addicts (M= 20.04). The results are significant in spreading awareness and developing optimal treatment plans for substance users.

The role of emotional intelligence and gender in the relationship between implicit theories of emotions and aggression: moderated mediation model in young individuals

ABSTRACT Aggression is a widespread problem among young individuals and has far-reaching consequences for society. Using a mediation model approach, this research seeks to delve into the impact of implicit theories of emotions and the ability emotional intelligence on aggressive behaviour. 608 Spanish students (9 and 18 aged) (Mage = 14.07; SD = 2.64; 46.4% boys) completed the Implicit Theories of Emotion Scale, The Botín Foundation’s Emotional Intelligence Test for Adolescents, and The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. We found that individuals who possess incremental implicit theories of emotion tend to exhibit lower levels of aggression and higher levels of emotional intelligence. A noteworthy finding is that emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between implicit theories of emotions and aggressive behaviour. Additionally, the link between implicit theories of emotions and emotional intelligence and aggression is moderated by gender. These findings have significant implications for clinical practice, informing the development of targeted intervention programs to prevent aggression.

A Comparative Study on Aggression and Performance Anxiety in Physical and Non-physical Sports in India

Understanding the interplay of aggression and anxiety in individuals who compete in physical sport against those who compete in non-physical sport is crucial to provide individuals with customized training programs, interventions, and coping strategies. Incorporating a comparative framework this study aims to investigate the correlation of aggression and performance anxiety in physical and non-physical sports. The study included a total 100 participants of which 51 were individuals competing in physical sports and 49 competing in non-physical sports, the distribution also included 64 males and 36 females. Both performance anxiety and aggression were measured through standardized assessment tools, Sports Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) by Smith, Ronald E. et, al. (2006) and the Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) by Buss and Perry (1992). The scores of physical sport participants indicated a mean score of 78.3 (SD=16.5) in Aggressive behaviours and 29.7 (SD=9.9) in Anxious behaviours, mean scores for non-physical sport participants were 67.9 (SD=16.4) for aggression and 27.8 (SD=7.4) for sport anxiety. The findings of this study highlight that both groups physical sport and non-physical) sport had a moderate to good positive correlation of aggression and performance anxiety, and the need for further research dedicated to professional athletes in both domain.

Internet Addiction on Psycho-Social Symptoms of Happiness and Aggression through Difficulties in Emotion Regulation: Evidence Following COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Internet usage has increased during the pandemic. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between internet addiction (IA), happiness, and aggression in the context of difficulties in emotion regulation (DER). The psycho-social symptoms of the COVID-19 pandemic appear to be more persistent over time compared to its physical symptoms, especially regarding Internet addiction in the young population. This study seeks to understand these effects on happiness and aggression through difficulties in emotion regulation. Participants and Procedure: The sample of this study consisted of 325 university students. Data were gathered using the Young Internet Addiction Scale Short Form, Oxford Happiness Scale Short-Form, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Brief-Form, and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Results: The results showed that internet addiction was negatively related to happiness, and this relationship was mediated by difficulties in emotion regulation. Similarly, internet addiction was positively related to aggression, and this relationship was fully mediated by difficulties in emotion regulation as well. Conclusion: These research findings emphasize the need for creating effective interventions to enhance emotion regulation skills in internet-addicted adults. The results are discussed in light of the effects of the coronavirus pandemic.

Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy-Based Anger Management Training on Anger and Aggression Levels of Individuals Convicted of Violent Crimes.

To determine the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)-based anger management training on anger and aggression levels of individuals convicted of violent crimes. This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in a prison. Seventy-two individuals who met inclusion criteria were included in the study sample. The experimental group received 10 sessions of CBT-based anger management therapy over a 5-week period. After CBT-based anger management training, mean total score and mean subdimension scores of the Trait Anger and Anger Expression Style Scale of the experimental group decreased significantly compared to the control group. Similarly, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire total mean score and mean sub-dimension scores of the experimental group significantly decreased compared to the control group. Results demonstrate that CBT-based anger management training effectively reduces anger and aggression levels among individuals convicted of violent crimes. In this regard, it is recommended that forensic psychiatric-mental health nurses, physicians, and psychologists working in correctional institutions apply CBT-based anger management training. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(10), 51-58.].

ANK3 rs10994336 and ZNF804A rs7597593 polymorphisms: genetic interaction for emotional and behavioral symptoms of alcohol withdrawal syndrome

ObjectiveAlcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a complex condition associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD), characterized by significant variations in symptom severity among patients. The psychological and emotional symptoms accompanying AWS significantly contribute to withdrawal distress and relapse risk. Despite the importance of neural adaptation processes in AWS, limited genetic investigations have been conducted. This study primarily focuses on exploring the single and interaction effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the ANK3 and ZNF804A genes on anxiety and aggression severity manifested in AWS. By examining genetic associations with withdrawal-related psychopathology, we ultimately aim to advance understanding the genetic underpinnings that modulate AWS severity.MethodsThe study involved 449 male patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) were used to assess emotional and behavioral symptoms related to AWS. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, and genotyping was performed using PCR.ResultsSingle-gene analysis revealed that naturally occurring allelic variants in ANK3 rs10994336 (CC homozygous vs. T allele carriers) were associated with mood and behavioral symptoms related to AWS. Furthermore, the interaction between ANK3 and ZNF804A was significantly associated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms related to AWS, as indicated by MANOVA. Two-way ANOVA further demonstrated a significant interaction effect between ANK3 rs10994336 and ZNF804A rs7597593 on anxiety, physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. Hierarchical regression analyses confirmed these findings. Additionally, simple effects analysis and multiple comparisons revealed that carriers of the ANK3 rs10994336 T allele experienced more severe AWS, while the ZNF804A rs7597593 T allele appeared to provide protection against the risk associated with the ANK3 rs10994336 mutation.ConclusionThis study highlights the gene-gene interaction between ANK3 and ZNF804A, which plays a crucial role in modulating emotional and behavioral symptoms related to AWS. The ANK3 rs10994336 T allele is identified as a risk allele, while the ZNF804A rs7597593 T allele offers protection against the risk associated with the ANK3 rs10994336 mutation. These findings provide initial support for gene-gene interactions as an explanation for psychiatric risk, offering valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in AWS.

Benson relaxation technique to address sleep quality and aggression among patients with bipolar type I disorder: A randomized clinical trial study

PurposeThe present research was conducted to assess the effect of the Benson relaxation technique on sleep quality and aggression among patients with bipolar type I disorder. MethodsThis study was conducted using a randomized clinical trial design with the participation of 60 patients with bipolar type I disorder (30 participants in each group) in Mashhad, Iran (IRCT20220108053659N1). The intervention group received the Benson relaxation technique for 21 days in a row, twice a day (in the morning and evening), under the supervision of an expert psychiatric nurse (On the first day, instruction was given on implementing BRT. In the subsequent days of the intervention, the nurse stayed by the patient's bedside for the entire relaxation process). Aggression and sleep quality were assessed using the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively, before and one week after the completion of the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-squared, Fisher's exact test, independent sample t-test, and analysis of covariance). ResultsThe participants in the present study were individuals of both genders aged 18 and above. Based on the results, both groups were homogeneous regarding demographic characteristics. Prior to the intervention, the two groups of control and intervention were not significantly different from each other in terms of sleep quality (p = 0.870) and aggression (p = 0.961). After the intervention, in an intergroup comparison, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the mean difference of aggression (p < 0.001) and sleep quality scores (p < 0.001). ConclusionDespite the favorable effect of this intervention, it is necessary to conduct more studies considering the broader aspects of interventions and related variables before including these interventions in the care plan of patients with bipolar type I disorder.