Business Research Articles

Agent of Two Principals: Conflicts and Spillovers Between Business Organization and Open Source Project Roles

ABSTRACT While collaborations with open-source projects have become a strategic tool, there needs to be more focus on the resulting role conflict and the impact that mechanisms to cope with it have on the individual. We study the role of company regulations as a moderator of the relationship between organizational climate and member satisfaction. Results show that principal-agent theory can provide a lens to examine these situations and that spillover effects exist.

Exploring the Role and Opportunity of the Visitor Economy for Main Streets in Canada

Main streets are community hubs of economic and cultural activity, often represented by a business organization tasked with improving the experience and environment through place making and management, and marketing to attract visitors. These responsibilities often overlap with the functions and roles of tourism destination organizations but on a more local level. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to advance conceptualizations of the visitor economy and main streets as destinations to further understand their role and potential within tourism destination frameworks. This qualitative exploratory study involved a thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with 36 representatives of Canadian main street organizations [Business Improvement Areas (BIAs)]. Findings demonstrate that visitor economy engagement is part of the work and function of main street organizations, and that main streets are both destinations in their own right and components of wider regional tourism systems. COVID-19 created immediate and potentially sustained demand for local travel and lad to the establishment and strengthening of partnerships between organizations representing communities at different scales. Incorporating main streets into the wider destination ecosystem could help maximize visitor economy opportunities benefiting both the local and wider destinations. This study contributes to the conceptual understanding of main streets as destinations, and the visitor economy. Main streets and the organizations that represent them are positioned as key actors in the management and marketing of destinations, a topic receiving limited attention in the literature.

Investigating the Effects of Environmental Uncertainty, Business Strategy and Management Control Systems on Organisational Learning and Performance

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the effects of environmental uncertainty, business strategy and management control systems on organisational learning and business performance. This study finds that environmental uncertainty is positively related to the intensity of the product differentiation strategy, and the intensity of the product differentiation strategy is positively (negatively) related to the use of nonfinancial (financial) performance measures. Concerning levers of control, this study finds positive associations between the intensity of levers of control and the use of financial and nonfinancial measures. Furthermore, the intensity of levers of control has a positive impact on organisational learning, leading to superior business performance.

Entrepreneurial Bricolage, Agility, and Organizational Performance: Evidence from Small and Medium scale Enterprises

Entrepreneurial bricolage and organizational agility are key strategies for overcoming resource constraints and navigating volatile market conditions in today’s contemporary business organizations. Bricolage enables organizations to creatively utilize available resources, while agility helps them quickly adapt to changing environments. Together, these strategies empower businesses to improve their performance and competitiveness, despite the numerous challenges they face in fast-paced turbulent markets. Whereas identifying the importance of entrepreneurial bricolage and organizational agility to boost the performance outcomes of organizations, there is still a significant empirical gap in understanding how these new strategies particularly contribute to the performance of business organizations. Additionally, a significant literature gap can be observed in investigating the connection between entrepreneurial bricolage and organizational agility and their collective influence on organizational performance. Small and Medium scale Enterprises located in Southern province of Sri Lanka were considered as the population of the study and 335 SMEs were approached based on a systematic random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to gather primary data for the study while using some secondary data sources as well. Structural Equation Modelling approach powered by AMOS was applied to analyze the data of the study. The study findings stresses that there is a positive and significant direct relationship between entrepreneurial bricolage and organizational performance. Further, study results postulate that the link between entrepreneurial bricolage and performance can stimuli through effective adaptation of organizational agility. Organizational agility enables firms respond to sudden market changes and volatility being more flexible, thereby performing as a mediator amplifies the direct effect of bricolage on performance. Future researchers can investigate the association between bricolage, agility and performance in longitudinal studies, and in different industries to get more understanding how they respond in different circumstances.

Empirical Study Exploring the Link Between Organizational Onboarding Programs and Employee Retention among Employees of Selected Private Business Organizations in Quezon City

This empirical study explores the relationship between organizational onboarding programs and employee retention among private business organizations in Quezon City. Specifically, it investigates which aspects of onboarding influence employees’ intent to stay within the organization. A survey-based approach and quantitative analysis, including the Pearson correlation coefficient, were employed to assess the impact of various onboarding factors on retention. The results indicate that social integration and support provided through the onboarding program exhibit the strongest positive correlation with employee retention, suggesting that employees who feel supported and integrated are more likely to remain with the organization. Conversely, while role clarity and familiarization with organizational culture and values were found to have a weaker but still positive correlation with retention, these factors also contribute to employee commitment. The findings highlight the importance of structured onboarding programs in fostering a sense of belonging and supporting employees’ long-term retention within the organization. Based on these insights, organizations are encouraged to design onboarding processes that prioritize social integration, support, and role clarity to improve retention outcomes.

Sustainable HRM and Employee Motivation: Investigating the Role of Green HR Practices in Enhancing Workforce Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Research investigates how Green Human Resource Management (Green HRM) influences employee motivation together with commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Modern business organizations adopt Green HRM practices to integrate employee behavior with environmental targets because sustainability stands as a crucial business element. Both survey data collection and employee interview data acquisition formed the basis of this research design in order to analyze quantitative elements alongside qualitative findings from different industries. Green HRM practices including green training and sustainable recruitment and eco-friendly workplace policies produce substantial effects in motivating employees while increasing their commitment levels. Strong Green HRM policies in organizations drive employees toward increased levels of OCB resulting in extra pro-environmental actions beyond their designated duties. The research adds value to both HRM and sustainability literature by using Social Exchange Theory and the Resource-Based View to explain how Green HRM alters workforce actions. The study suggests specific practical guidelines which help HR practitioners establish sustainability within their HR planning systems. The study indicates a requirement for additional research that spans across multiple organization sectors using objective data collection methods.

Responsible Leadership and Its Impact on Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Orientation of Business Organizations

This research aims to examine the impact of responsible leadership on fostering entrepreneurial orientation among middle managers at the Al-Abbas Holy Shrine. Responsible leadership was measured through four dimensions: (ethical person, ethical manager, stakeholder engagement, and focus on sustainable growth), while entrepreneurial orientation was assessed through: (creativity, risk-taking, proactiveness, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness). The study relied on a questionnaire distributed randomly to a sample of 226 leaders, with data analyzed using (SPSS.V.25, Amos V23, Microsoft Excel 2016). The findings revealed a significant correlation and impact between responsible leadership and entrepreneurial orientation, with the administration emphasizing ethical values, sustainability, and innovation. The study recommended strengthening ethical values in leadership strategies and supporting innovation and entrepreneurial ideas to achieve business sustainability.

The Role of Green Intellectual Capital in Promoting Cleaner Production Strategy

The current study aimed to explore the impact of green intellectual capital on the cleaner production strategy. The study relied on the questionnaire as a primary tool for collecting data and information about the study community represented by a sample (275), which was represented by the workers in the Union Food Industries Company/Babil. The analysis and statistical processing were based on the SPSS and Amos programs (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as basic structural tests for the validity of the adopted measures. The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach). Based on the study problem represented in knowing the strength of the influence between the research variables and their hypotheses, the researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which was that the cleaner production strategy is a commitment by the business organization to environmental standards that lead to a gradual reduction in the amount of pollutants and avoiding penalties and fines imposed by governments due to pollution caused by the organization, in addition to improving the organization's relationship with the parties and organizations concerned with the environment and society. Green intellectual capital helps greatly in overcoming environmental crises, and the sustainable supply chain contributes to reducing energy and reducing industrial waste.

A digital transformation index for business organisations: reckoning the extraverted change in pillars

ABSTRACT Digital transformation (DT) is an emergent concept with definitions and measurements as a work in progress. During nearly two decades of growing interest in the concept, studies in both industry and academia created different scales and indices to measure DT, using varying conceptualizations and coming up with different underlying dimensions and indicators. The aim of this paper is to take stock of this growing body of work through a systematic review in order to first determine dimensions and indicators of an encompassing DT index, and then identify the contemporary change in underlying dimensions of DT. After reviewing 219 research articles on DT measurement in the first phase, we have identified 80 indicators falling under 14 different dimensions. In the second phase, we have compared our results with scales commonly used in the field and identified several emergent dimensions, such as cyber security, investment and finance operations, and partnerships. Emergence of these contemporary dimensions indicate an ‘extrovert’ shift in DT concept which is extending beyond organisational boundaries, with important implications regarding how businesses strategize and take action in today’s DT driven business environment.

Unveiling perceptions: aspect-based sentiment analysis of Malaysia’s e-hailing reviews

<span lang="EN-US">The growing demand for e-hailing services in Malaysia leads to increased competition among more than 20 licensed e-hailing service providers. Consumer satisfaction is a crucial factor influencing variables in the business organization, and understanding consumers’ perceptions is vital for service improvement. Reviews on e-hailing services are unstructured data and massive, making comparisons difficult. Thus, this study aims to classify Malaysia’s e-hailing service reviews from Google Play Store and X using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM). Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) was performed using a two-staged method, applying LDA for aspect category detection and SVM for aspect sentiment classification separately. Fare, availability, comfort, time, and convenience are five predetermined aspect categories in this study. The LDA for English and Malay achieved a perplexity of -7.31 and -7.49, respectively. Besides, the accuracy scores of SVM for English and Malay are 86.32% and 62.97%, respectively.</span>

AI-Powered Data Interaction: A Natural Language Chatbot for CSV, Excel, and SQL Files

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing data interaction by making it more efficient, accessible, and user-friendly. Traditionally, extracting insights from structured data stored in CSV files, Excel spreadsheets, and databases required manual processing through SQL queries and mathematical formulas. These conventional methods were not only time-consuming and prone to human error but also demanded significant technical expertise and also limiting accessibility for the non-technical users. To overcome these challenges, an AI-powered Data Agent has been developed to automate data interaction through natural language queries. By utilizing advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) such as Google Gemini 1.5 Pro, in combination with frameworks like Streamlit, LangChain, and Pandas, the system processes the structured data and retrieves relevant insights. Unlike traditional methods that return raw database records, this system generates responses in a conversational Q&A format, making complex data more comprehensible and actionable. This approach significantly reduces the manual effort involved in data extraction, minimizes the risk of errors, and enhances decision-making efficiency. Business analysts, researchers, students, and organizations can benefit from this solution. Moreover, the integration of Google Gemini provides a cost-effective alternative to expensive data analysis tools, enabling seamless automation and democratizing access to data-driven insights. By bridging the gap between raw data and meaningful conclusions, this AI-based solution enhances productivity and enables informed decision-making across various domains.

The co-evolution between organizational learning and business model design in incumbent firms: The role of firm life cycle

The co-evolution between organizational learning and business model design in incumbent firms: The role of firm life cycle

New approach for enhancement of critical entities resilience against terrorist threats

In critical infrastructure security research, multiple solutions are proposed based on different approaches used. An attempt will be made here to present an integrated new approach in cases where organizations take actions to increase the entities resilience. The new approach is mainly based on the existing standardization base that affects the relevant elements of security systems. The main results of the research are the proposed resilience levels that are the main elements of the structure of the business organization. The identification of resilience levels is the basis of the assessment of the degree of trust in the organization which the security systems form in the users of its services, as well as in the society.

Generative AI in Strategic Business Planning: Boosting Efficiency and Competitive Advantage in Business Organizations

Aim: This study investigates the application of generative AI in strategic business planning, with a particular focus on its potential to enhance operational efficiency and economic competitiveness in businesses organizations. Problem Statement: Before the advent of generative AI, businesses relied on traditional methods for routine tasks, business planning, and decision-making. These methods were often associated with significant challenges that hindered overall business efficiency. Significance of the Study: The application of generative AI plays a vital role in strategic planning and decision making of businesses. Recently, generative AI has transformed from a revolutionary concept to a transformative dynamism across various industries. This technology has shown incomparable competences in all ways. Methodology: This review article is based on an analysis of information gathered from high-impact journal publications. Discussion: This study critically examines the role of AI in strategic business planning and the techniques required for its effective implementation. Generative AI enhances competitiveness by facilitating product development and innovation, optimizing sales and marketing strategies, and enabling data-driven decision-making. However, several challenges must be addressed, including legal and ethical considerations, implementation and integration hurdles, and the need for continuous adaptation and learning. The future of generative AI in strategic business decisions is expected to include advancements in AI technologies, increased collaboration between AI and human intelligence, industry-specific AI applications, and the development of ethical AI governance frameworks. Businesses that integrate AI technologies—such as operational optimization, personalized customer interactions, and predictive analytics—stand to achieve significant improvements in customer satisfaction, innovation, and overall efficiency. Conclusion: The application of generative AI has demonstrated a positive impact on strategic business planning and has proven essential for businesses striving to remain competitive in dynamic markets. However, addressing the associated challenges is imperative to ensure the successful implementation and integration of AI into business strategies for sustainable growth and decision-making.

Organizational Strategic Challenges of Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Case of Canadian Business Organizations

Organizational Strategic Challenges of Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Case of Canadian Business Organizations

Challenges for the Adoption of Generative AI in Canadian Business Organizations: A Review

Challenges for the Adoption of Generative AI in Canadian Business Organizations: A Review

Credit risk management in a microfinance organization based on the unit economics model

Subject. This article discusses the issues of credit risk management in a microfinance organization based on the unit economics model. Objectives. The article aims to develop an effective economic and mathematical model of unit economics for measuring the credit risk of a microfinance organization borrower. Methods. For the study, I used economic and mathematical modeling. Results. The article interprets the concept of Unit Economics in relation to the peculiarities of doing business by a microfinance organization. The article finds that there is no methodology for assessing the unit economics in relation to the specifics of the microfinance organization's activities, and presents an author-developed economic and mathematical model of unit economics, which is based on the client model of unit economics and business metrics of interaction between the microfinance organization business and the borrower. Conclusions. The developed model helps assess the unit economics of primary loans and re-borrowing, as well as the custody value of the client. The model can be integrated into the risk analysis system of any microfinance organization.

Participation in SoHO and ATMP public consultations: a fragmented institutional landscape

In the European Union (EU), the recent adoption of the Substances of Human Origin (SoHO) Regulation in June 2024 brings into force new harmonised rules for human cells, tissues and blood. This legislation interacts with the pre-existing Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMP) Regulation. This paper looks at the recent EU public consultations on the proposed SoHO Regulation and compares them with the prior consultations on the ATMP Regulation given the interplay between these two Acts. Information on each contributor to the three most recent consultations on SoHO and the two available consultations on the ATMP was collected, analysed, and used to develop a novel typology of entities participating in the consultations. This data set included the country of origin of each entity making a contribution and the type of entity involved (Academic/Research institutions, National Bodies, Companies, Business organizations, Patient and Consumer organizations, Learned Societies, Individual citizens, Networks/Innovation organizations, and Other Non-Governmental Organizations). The results show that the SoHO consultations attracted a far greater total volume of participants and displayed a greater variety of organizations from more distinct countries compared to the ATMP consultations. The most significant finding is the very low overlap in organisations making a contribution to both a SoHO and an ATMP consultations. This strongly suggests that there is significant institutional fragmentation between organisations collecting human biomaterials and organisations developing ATMP for market. Given that collection of biomaterials is a necessary first step in the development of most ATMP, European policy makers wishing to support ‘homegrown’ innovation with ATMP should give greater consideration to building better links between organisations collecting biomaterials and ATMP developers.

Corporate Growth and Environmental Conservation: Evidence from Shizuoka Prefecture in Japan

This study explores how publicly traded corporations in Shizuoka Prefecture in Japan achieve corporate growth and environmental conservation. Data on financial performance and environmental impacts before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic of 22 entities from 2019 to 2022 were used for the analysis. This study is structured around three major points. First, the regression analyses identify a clear range of turning points (between JPY 0.818 and 0.922) that the 22 corporations should target in terms of scope 1 carbon dioxide emissions per employee and total shareholders return per employee (TSR/EMP) based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Second, the EKC hypothesis is established based on the deciding factors that result from the interaction of (1) enforcement of stricter emissions regulations, including penalties; (2) business and environmental organizations’ guidelines, ratings, and initiatives; (3) investors’ emphasis on the environment, social, and governance (ESG) concept; and (4) intrinsic or endogenous efforts of the corporations. These four points have been recently encouraged and prioritized in Japan. Third, an approach that focuses on ESG and TSR can contribute not only to the achievement of financial growth and environmental conservation but also to the expansion of the academic literature.

THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELEGENC, STRATEGY BUSINESS AND QUALITY PRODUCT TO ORGANIZATION BUSINESS

This study evaluates the relationship between organizational culture, business strategy, and organizational performance in companies in Jakarta, Indonesia, as the largest tourism industrial area in ASEAN. The study highlights that organizational culture that includes discipline, innovation, and a clear division of authority, as well as a business strategy that focuses on vision, mission, tactics, and marketing, has a significant influence on organizational performance, as measured through growth, customer satisfaction, and marketing effectiveness. Of the 384 respondents, the results showed that organizational culture and business strategy significantly influenced organizational performance, both individually and collectively. In addition, this study also analyzes the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and product quality on the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Using SPSS for analysis, the results show that AI has an influence of 85%, product quality by 75%, and the combination of the two contributes 80% to the performance of MSMEs, with the remaining 20% influenced by other factors not analyzed in this study. These findings underscore that higher AI adoption and improved product quality significantly improve the performance of MSMEs, providing a positive projection for the growth of small businesses in the community. This research makes an important contribution to understanding how organizational culture, business strategy, and technology and product quality can be the main driving factors in improving the performance of organizations and MSMEs, especially in the tourism and small business sectors in Indonesia.