Construction Business Process Research Articles

Creating information about business processes of IT-company in management accounting

Introduction. Formation of information about business processes in the management accounting system will help to avoid the deforming transformations of individual processes and sharp dynamic fluctuations in key business performance indicators. For a clear understanding of the need to optimize each process in the management accounting system, there is an opportunity to form a series of indicators that will demonstrate in real time the growth in business value and its real state. For IT companies, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of their organization and the construction of business processes, the identification of a series of indicators to identify «bottlenecks» and determine processes that need optimization and reengineering. The purpose of the study is to explore and analyze methods of creating information about business processes in IT companies.
 Research methods. To conduct scientific research in the article, the following were used: monographic analysis to study scientific works on the topic of research; critical analysis – assessment and comparison of approaches, methods, and results of previous studies; case study methodology – studying the practice of management accounting in IT companies; data analysis and statistical analysis, content analysis, and expert evaluations to obtain results.
 Results. The article highlights the processes of analysis and description of business processes, identification of key performance indicators, and integration of technologies for optimizing work. In the management accounting system, it is proposed to introduce a coefficient measure of business size, evaluate different product models, predict increases/decreases in efficiency, forecast the impact of the external environment, and form relevant information for managerial decision-making.
 Prospects. Promising directions for the development of research are issues of effective resource management, methodologies for systematic analysis of business processes, and improvement of strategic planning.

Description of business processes of the sales activities of an industrial enterprise

At the present stage of economic development, the problem of increasing the efficiency of enterprise management is becoming more urgent. In the scientific literature, effective management is considered through the construction of business processes. The sales system or sales activities is one of the key links of the organization; accordingly, its effective construction ensures the achievement of planned indicators for the competitive development of the enterprise. The article describes the business processes of the sales activities of an industrial enterprise, the analysis of which makes it possible to identify problems and improve efficiency. In the process approach, the description of the main processes is based on the actions that need to be performed to achieve the result. Process–oriented management allows you to qualitatively change the activities of an organization at the operational, cross–functional and inter–organizational levels. In the article, the description of business processes is focused on the sales activities of the enterprise, the effective organization of which determines the financial results of the organization. The article discusses the processes of planning and sales of finished products, warehousing and storage of finished products, development and approval of packaging for finished products, contains their description and provides performance indicators of the built processes. The effectiveness of a business process is proposed to be assessed by various indicators and ranges of their values, which depend on the process itself.

Analysis of Accounting System Requirements for Construction Companies

This study aims to determine the business processes of construction companies and analyze their accounting system requirements. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. It was conducted on 2 MSMEs in construction services (namely SUJM and SA) in North Sulawesi with business scales of K and M. To collect data, researchers used in-depth interview techniques. Intensive interviews were conducted with 4 informants such as the owners and the project manager from SUJM and SA companies to explore their perspectives on the overview of the entity, business activities, and business transactions. Data collection is also done through literature studies about accounting systems, internal control, and systems analysis. After collecting and reducing the data, we present the data focused on the construction company's business flow and the accounting system's needs. The researcher conducted a system requirements analysis with the stages of preliminary analysis, preparation of proposals for the implementation of system analysis, implementation of system analysis, and preparation of reports on the results of system analysis. From the results of the analysis, the researcher concludes an accounting system is needed by construction companies. The results show that the construction business process consists of project information, prequalification, tender, contract, execution, and product submission. Based on business processes and system analysis, the accounting system in construction companies includes the main accounting system, namely the reporting system, and the supporting accounting system, namely the cash receipts and disbursements system. The existence of the accounting system will assist the company in coordinating and monitoring its operational activities and make it easier for companies to prepare financial reports and tax reporting. This research has a practical contribution to construction companies in developing countries in building their accounting systems.

Extending Process Discovery with Model Complexity Optimization and Cyclic States Identification: Application to Healthcare Processes

Within process mining, discovery techniques make it possible to construct business process models automatically from event logs. However, results often do not achieve a balance between model complexity and fitting accuracy, establishing a need for manual model adjusting. This paper presents an approach to process mining that provides semi-automatic support to model optimization based on the combined assessment of model complexity and fitness. To balance complexity and fitness, a model simplification approach is proposed, which abstracts the raw model at the desired granularity. Additionally, we introduce a concept of meta-states, a cycle collapsing in the model, which can potentially simplify the model and interpret it. We aim to demonstrate the capabilities of our technological solution using three datasets from different applications in the healthcare domain. These are remote monitoring processes for patients with arterial hypertension and workflows of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A case study also investigates the use of various complexity measures and different ways of solution application, providing insights on better practices in improving interpretability and complexity/fitness balance in process models.

Analysis risk in the contracting business

The purpose of this article is to analyze the indicators and risk categories of contractor construction industry service providers. This research method uses literature review and is strengthened by Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The literature review aims to increase the understanding and find appropriate sources for research, which are obtained from sources that will be the basis of this research. From the literature review also obtained the risk factors to be studied. Furthermore, the results of the literature review are carried out in FGDs, to see their relevance to field needs. The selected FGD participants were construction service providers in the contractor sector. There are 2 risk factors to identify risk for construction service providers in the field of contractors in handling projects, namely risks in the management/office and risks in the field. Construction service providers in construction work need to carry out a detailed post cost analysis of risks at each stage of the construction business process in management and risk in the field by distinguishing between the pre-tender process, the construction process, and the maintenance period.

Database Conceptual Diagram Using ERD and Data Dictionary Metadata for SME Construction Business

The data of construction business such as customers, projects, payments, workers, materials, and suppliers are very essential to the contractors especially to the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) construction companies. The customers’ request and confirmation for constructions projects, which workers involves in which project and what are the materials selected for the project are important to handle but still been manage manual. Some of the information requested, discussed or ordered are missing, misplaced or overlooked, especially when there are many concurrent constructions projects which to be completed at the same time. Therefore, the project aims to design a database of construction business for accelerating the information flow and transaction between each construction phase. The conceptual diagram has been designed and constructed using Entity relationship modelling and continue referred to the Database Life Cycle (DBLC) as methodology approach. The SME Construction management of Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD), consist of the Customer, Project, Payment, Supplier and Material entities which constructed based on SME Construction Business rules and process validation. The findings can assist the researchers, students, system designers and developers to understand more on designing the database conceptual diagram and identify the data elements in the data dictionary which required for construction business database. Furthermore, the findings from this research project can be used to develop a SME construction management system database and SME information system in the future.

Зарубежные подходы к внедрению геймификации в бизнес и управление предприятиями

The article explores the practice of gamification as a form of organization of business processes and management in foreign practice. The evolution of the theory and practice of using gamification in foreign companies has been studied, the scientific relevance of using gamification as an alternative to traditional forms of organizing business processes and management processes has been substantiated. Approaches to the organization of a gamified management process are typified based on the analysis of foreign practice. Based on the analysis of the economic efficiency of the practice of using elements of the game process in the construction of business processes and management chains, the conditions and limits for replacing traditional business activities with game forms are determined. Priority areas have been identified in which gamification as a form of organizing labor relations in a team can be recommended to an organization based on foreign experience. Based on the results of a review of the experience of using gamification in foreign companies, trends in the development of the phenomenon under consideration were identified, and the conditions for an «ideal» gamification process from the point of view of a mature foreign company were determined. Possible approaches to the construction of gamified teamwork are studied, taking into account the goals and objectives facing the team of employees. Based on the results of the work done, the author developed a system of criteria, which, in their opinion, should correspond to the management model in an organization focused on restructuring the management system and team building processes based on gamification.

KAJIAN LITERATUR FAKTOR – FAKTOR RISIKO PSIKOSOSIAL DI SEKTOR KONSTRUKSI SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19

The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 9, 2020, has determined the status of the COVID-19 corona virus outbreak as a global pandemic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the construction sector operates 100% without restrictions. This causes workers in the construction sector not only to have a profound effect on physical health but also mental health. According to WHO, fear and anxiety about COVID-19 disease and other factors can affect work stress (WHO, 2020). This research method uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method which discusses construction and psychosocial factors in the construction sector. The factors found to be the most dominant in the literature review were stress and fatigue, family-work conflict, interpersonal relationships, work demands, work organization (job control), and working hours. Stress and fatigue can be both factors and effects that affect the state and performance of workers. These factors arise because the construction business process is so dense and has targets that must be pursued every time and demands from high management during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the Pandemic, the timeline changes and the pressure on their workers is to the point where they must pawn the safety of the workers to meet the predetermined time limit as if this was done under normal circumstances.  Keyword         : Risk Factors, Construction Sector, Psychosocial Factors, COVID-19 Pandemic

ПОСТРОЕНИЕ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ В РАЗНЫХ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИХ ТИПАХ ФИРМЫ

This article is devoted to the analysis of the strategic types of firms and the construction of business processes for each type. Theo-retical aspects and foundations of the firm's strategies are considered. Each type has a notation for building business processes, examples are given.

Business Re-engineering Strategic Process Model for Small-Medium Local Contractor’s Sustainable Competitiveness: A Case of Tanzania

Re-engineering the construction business process has been regarded as an acceptable management technique for reducing the overwhelmed construction challenges that have ascribed prolonged unsustainable competitiveness for most small and medium local construction firms in less developed countries. This study adopted the business re-engineering philosophy to identify and recommend the Strategic Business Process Model for the sustainable competitiveness of local firms in the domestic competitive environment. The questionnaire and in-depth interview survey were opted to collect the data from 227 respondents sampled through purposive sampling. SPSS 24-AMOS was used to analyze the data and create a structural equation model for sustainable competitiveness. The findings have revealed eleven (11) construction core and three (3) organizational process-related strategies, which suggest that the integration of design <i>(β1=0.228, p=0.000)</i>, procurement <i>(β2=0.091, p=0.003)</i>, construction management <i>(β3=0.264, p=0002)</i> and organizational <i>(β4=0.068, 00; p=0.004)</i> strategic processes have proved a positive significant in attaining sustainable competitiveness of local firms. The study serves as a valuable empirical mark that provides insight and initial evidence for researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders in understanding potential construction core and organizational process strategies adopted by local firms to attain a competitive advantage.

Analysis of the problems of managing business processes of engineering companies in the implementation of investment projects

The object of research is a business process management system of engineering companies. The paper considers the existing system of interaction between design institutes, engineering companies and manufacturing enterprises implementing investment projects. In particular, the differences in the construction of business processes in previously existing design institutions and modern engineering companies are identified. The research methodology is based on theoretical and methodological analysis of scientific literature, statistical methods, as well as observation, comparative method, description, measurement. The use of scientific research methods has revealed weaknesses and contradictions in the business process management system.The results of this research indicate that the development, verification and approval of design and estimate specifications are the main business process of engineering companies. It is proved that these business processes are an integral part of the investment project. Therefore, for the successful implementation of company projects, customers attract a large number of external contracting organizations – design, engineering, construction companies. The increase in the number of participants in the investment process significantly complicates the construction of business processes, which leads to an increase in the timing of development, verification and approval of design and estimate specifications.The analysis allows to identify the causes of inconsistencies when working with specification. The main reasons for increasing the verification time are systemic problems in organizing the interaction of project participants. It is determined that the pre-existing holders of archival design specification that provided comprehensive turnkey services have practically disappeared from the market. Contracting organizations appeared in their place, separated from large specialized design organizations. The created contracting organizations work in different versions of the software, therefore they created sets of documents of varying degrees of detail of design decisions. In general, it is recommended to optimize the docking of documents between participants in investment projects. The implementation of the proposed measures becomes possible in the context of the introduction of information technology based on joint teamwork to create an electronic model.

Public and private blockchain in construction business process and information integration

Blockchain as an emergent decentralized digital technology has been widely explored in many sectors to remedy the deficiencies of centralized solutions It has been recognized that blockchain technology has great potential to facilitate business activities spanning the whole life cycle of a building project in the construction industry, such as better communication or understanding, documents sharing, stage transition and quality endorsement. A comprehensive review of the literature regarding the application of blockchain in the construction domain found that there are few studies and applications of blockchain in construction practices, and most of the current research involves qualitative studies only. In this paper, we aim to explore the feasibility of applying both public blockchain and private blockchain technologies in the construction industry using two industry cases. Two business process cases (i.e., Case 1 and Case 2) were selected and used to drive the blockchain-based software system architecture design. The proposed architectures were demonstrated using Hyperledger Fabric (a private, permissioned and open source blockchain platform) and Ethereum (a public blockchain platform) respectively, to reflect the different requirements of the two use cases. This pilot study also illustrates the process, benefits, and challenges of adopting private and public blockchain technologies in construction domain. This research provides insights to researchers and practitioners regarding the adoption of blockchain technology, especially in construction industry.

The role of contractors’ building information modelling (BIM) experience in realising the potential values of BIM

There has been recently a growing attention towards the potential benefits of building information modelling (BIM) in construction business processes from both academia and industry practitioners. While prior research has emphasised that there is a link between the proficiency of construction companies to use BIM and the realisation of BIM benefits, little evidence exists to capture this relationship. The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which prior BIM experiences influence the perception of industry experts on potential BIM benefits. The influence of years of BIM experience on the discernment of BIM potential benefits was examined through a survey of Australian building contractors. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that BIM experience was a significant factor in the realisation of potential BIM benefits. The results suggest that an increase in years of BIM experience foster a better understanding of BIM benefits, which consequently can lead to a more inspiring movement towards the adoption of BIM by construction organisations. The main contribution of this article is to increase awareness towards the adoption and implementation of BIM by making a link between BIM proficiency and an increased perception of BIM potential benefits in construction organisations.

Revitalizing Early Stages of Health and Safety Legislation as a Challenge Among Major Economies

A dynamically developing modern society is characterized by a powerful scientific and technological breakthrough. The application of knowledge cannot only contribute to the evolution of society, but also threaten its safety. In the modern world due to the development of industrial technology danger grows faster than human resistance at work. The latter circumstance indicates the need to strengthen the preparation of citizens to safe behavior and their active civil security positions. Conditions of the new approach ensured the best work places based on the principle of Health and Safety towards regulation stages over the years among major economies. The main goal is to formulate safety regulations scientifically which study in solving the engineering problem, design–construction business, organizational or production process accidents. Challenges among major economies of 20 century were real implementations of theoretical approaches in health and safety in various methodologies.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROCESS APPROACH BEFORE THE RESTORATION OF CIVIL OBJECTS

The report is devoted to the presentation by the authors of the results of the analysis of the implementation of the process approach to the restoration of civilian objects. The modeling of construction business processes consisted in considering the para

Ontology-Based Knowledge Management System for Digital Highway Construction Inspection

Inspection is critical to ensuring the quality of infrastructure construction. In recent years, state highway agencies (SHAs) have been facing the challenge of a shortage of experienced inspectors due to retirements, workforce downsizing, and resignations to take jobs in the private sector. There is a critical need to retain and manage the accumulated construction inspection knowledge (what, when, and how to inspect) and integrate this knowledge into the construction business process. This paper presents an ontological approach to managing inspection knowledge and the development of a risk-based digital inspection system integrated with the construction process. The developed system consists of five knowledge compartments: inspection activities prioritized based on risk; activity-centered pay items; inspection check items; detailed checks that include priority, frequency, object, attribute, and acceptance criteria; and training materials (optional). This risk-based system is designed to align with the construction process by connecting an activity to a pay item and that pay item to a check item, resulting in an automatically generated comprehensive inspection checklist for the activity. The optional training materials are designed to train inspectors in real time on an as-needed basis. Since risk is embedded in every knowledge compartment, this system not only automates and retains the inspection knowledge but also enables SHAs to allocate their limited resources to the most critical items. This system is currently being implemented by the Indiana Department of Transportation as a digital inspection protocol integrated in its e-construction process.

The state-of-the-art of business process mining challenges

Business process mining is a new method that amalgamates business process modelling and analysis with data mining and machine learning techniques, whereby knowledge from event logs stored in today's information system is extracted to automatically construct business process models, identify bottlenecks, and improve the business processes. Since process mining has recently received attention among the research community, there are many challenges. The most important issues have been defined in the process mining manifesto. However, none of the published works investigated, or the defined challenges, have been solved and are still being encountered. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of the literature in the context of process mining challenges. The contribution of this paper is to increase the maturity of the field of process mining by providing researchers with the state-of-the-art of the most important challenges of process mining.

Building business process ontology based on concept hierarchy model

The agility and efficiency of business processes have great influence on the company's competitiveness. However, current detection of business process management system reveals the problem that it does not satisfy the customer requirements, because there is a lack of sufficient semantic information between business process. This paper proposes an approach for ontology extraction on business process by incorporating concept hierarchy as background knowledge. Incorporating the background knowledge in procedure of the process ontology has two main advantages: 1) background knowledge accelerates the building process, thereby minimising the conversion cost; 2) background knowledge guides the extraction of knowledge, which hides in database. To validate the method given in this paper, we use part of the sales order processes from SAP reference process models to construct business process ontology. The gold standard experiments show using this method can correct an effective construct process ontology.

The state-of-the-art of business process mining challenges

Business process mining is a new method that amalgamates business process modelling and analysis with data mining and machine learning techniques, whereby knowledge from event logs stored in today's information system is extracted to automatically construct business process models, identify bottlenecks, and improve the business processes. Since process mining has recently received attention among the research community, there are many challenges. The most important issues have been defined in the process mining manifesto. However, none of the published works investigated, or the defined challenges, have been solved and are still being encountered. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of the literature in the context of process mining challenges. The contribution of this paper is to increase the maturity of the field of process mining by providing researchers with the state-of-the-art of the most important challenges of process mining.

Towards a construction of an intelligent business process based on cloud services and driven by degree of similarity and QoS

Knowledge and competence management in companies focus on resources allocation to business activities, knowledge management approaches promise a positive impact on cost structures. Moreover, with cloud computing and multi-agent systems, we can have a positive impact on business process construction. In fact, cloud computing gives us the ability to perceive resources such as unlimited computer resources. Meanwhile, multi-agent systems provide some degree of independence to achieve specific goals. Nowadays, on the web we can find a significant number of services that provide the same functionality. Hence, business process construction by reusing these services has become a challenging problem. The solution proposed in this paper, can be considerate as an enterprise solution to construct a business process using some competence and knowledge management aspects. Furthermore, the solution is based on cloud computing and agents to discover similar services and classify services according to their similarity degrees and their quality of services.