Burst Communication Research Articles

Semi‐blind demodulation algorithm for short burst FM‐MFSK based on STFT

AbstractIn the blind reception of non‐cooperative signals in short‐time burst communication, signal time domain detection is the premise and key of signal modulation parameter estimation, signal demodulation, decoding, interpretation, information acquisition and interference guidance. In this paper, the semi‐blind demodulation method of short‐time burst FM‐MFSK signal is studied under the condition of low signal‐to‐noise ratio. A short‐time burst FM‐MFSK semi‐blind demodulation method based on STFT is proposed. When SNR is higher than 3 dB, the correct demodulation probability for FM‐MFSK signal can reach 90%.

Design of nonlinear phase prototype filter based on coefficients symmetry for UFMC communication system

One of the candidates for short burst communication is universal filtering multicarrier (UFMC), which applies filters in each sub-band to reduce intercarrier interference. Compared with the linear phase FIR filter (LPFF), prototyping a nonlinear phase FIR filter (NLPFF) as the UFMC filter can benefit system performance by improving the filter magnitude response. However, the benefit, namely the tradeoff between phase response and better magnitude, is limited in previous NLPFF designs. Aiming at this problem, this paper has done the following works. First, we propose a new measure called sum of symmetric coefficient differences (SSCD) to represent the phase deviation. Furthermore, we propose a constrained least squares design for NLPFF, where constraints are imposed on the SSCD and squared magnitude. The design can be effectively realized under the second-order cone programming (SOCP) framework. Due to the significantly reduced constraint size and enhanced performance tradeoff area, the proposed SOCP-SSCD approach is the most competitive in effectiveness and efficiency. We have demonstrated this advantage by comparing with previous NLPFF methods. Consequently, by applying this method to design NLPFF as a prototype filter in the UFMC system, we have achieved better power spectral density, symbol error rate (SER), and demodulated constellation than previous prototype filters. For the SER indicator, Fig. 6(a) indicates an SNR gain of 1.2dB@{SER=0.001} between the designed NLPFFs and the previous prototype filters.

Intelligent Financial Processing Based on Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Decision Support System

In order to improve the effect of intelligent financial processing and decision-making, this paper combines the artificial intelligence-assisted decision support system to construct an intelligent financial processing system. Based on the RBF neural network, this paper studies a fast decision-making algorithm based on short-term efficiency in an adaptive burst communication system. The trained RBF neural network can make quick decisions according to the parameters such as the electromagnetic environment information obtained by perception, and has good communication anti-interference ability, good fault tolerance ability and certain generalization ability. Moreover, this paper designs a channel-associated signaling transmission mechanism for adaptive burst communication system, and constructs an intelligent financial processing system based on artificial intelligence-assisted decision support system. The simulation results show that the intelligent decision-making model in this paper has a certain practical effect in the simulation.

Synchronization for VHF Data Exchange System

In wireless communications, rapid acquisition of synchronization parameters is essential. Very High Frequency (VHF) Data Exchange System (VDES), a new maritime communication system developed on the basis of traditional Automatic Identification System (AIS), uses time division multiple access (TDMA) and belongs to burst communication. Therefore, synchronization is the top priority of VDES research. VDES includes the terrestrial part and satellite part, named as VDE-TER and VDE-SAT, and the two parts have different channel conditions. This paper studies synchronization algorithms for VDE-TER and VDE-SAT respectively on the basis of different channel conditions and focuses on the derivation, the theoretic analysis and performance simulation of the algorithms.

Relay selection scheme for AF system with partial CSI and optimal stopping theory

Relay selection for Relay Assisted (RA) networks is an economical and effective method to improve the spectrum efficiency. Relay selection performs especially well when the source node has accurate and timely Channel State Information (CSI). However, since perfect CSI knowledge is rarely available, research of relay selection with partial (statistical) CSI is of paramount importance. In this paper, relay selection for RA networks with statistical CSI is formulated as a Multiple-Decision (MD) problem. And, the cost of obtaining the CSI is also considered in the formulated problem. Two relay selection schemes, Maximal Selection Probability (MSP) and Maximal Spectrum Efficiency Expectation (MSEE), are proposed to solve the formulated MD problem under different optimal criteria assumptions based on the optimal stopping theory. The MSP scheme maximizes the probability that the Best Assisted Relay Candidate (BARC) can be selected, whereas the MSEE scheme provides the maximal expectation of the spectrum efficiency. Experimental results show that the proposed schemes effectively improve the spectrum efficiency, and the MSEE scheme is more suitable for stable communication cases. Meanwhile, the MSP scheme is more suitable for burst communication cases.

Analysis of Simplified Frame Synchronization Scheme for Burst-Mode Multi-Carrier System

Frame synchronization is one of the basic function units in a burst-mode digital communication receiver. In a lot of burst communication systems, a preamble is placed at the start of a signal burst for synchronization and channel estimation. Using a cross-correlation detector to calculate the correlation between the local preamble sequence and the received preamble sequence is a common synchronization method. Simplified cross-correlation-detector which quantizes each detected sample into 1 bit can dramatically reduce the consumption of the chip resource when implemented in hardware. In this letter, the performance analysis for a simplified cross-correlation-detector whose input is multi-carrier modulated signal is presented. The relationships between correlation length, decision threshold, and the probabilities of false alarm and missing detection are given. The correctness of the detector is validated through system simulations and numerical calculations.

Analysis of Joint Channel Coexistence Time at Space-Diversity Radio Reception of Meteor Reflections

This paper examines the possibility of joint reception of radio reflections from the same meteor trails simultaneously at two spaced receivers. A refined simulation of a joint reception area (JRA) of meteor radio reflections on the basis of a diffraction theory of oblique scattering of radio waves off ionized meteor trails is performed for radio links of moderate (500 km) and medium (1000 km) lengths. The obtained results may be particularly useful for territory planning of meteor burst communication (MBC) networks with the spatial division of subscribers (SDMA technology). The simulated JRAs also characterize an interception probability of messages. This knowledge is especially important in designing highly secure MBC, such as meteor key distribution systems, intended for the creation of two identical copies of a shared secret key at both sides of the meteor radio link.

Dual-Band Skin-Adhesive Repeater Antenna for Continuous Body Signals Monitoring

We present a 35-mm diameter skin-adhesive antenna intended to operate as a gateway to relay the low power signals from a sensor implanted in the body to an external base station (BS). Such a device would be useful in the context of body area networks (BANs) for continuous body-signal monitoring. The proposed adhesive repeater is of very low profile, and it is designed for dual-band operation at the ISM band (2.4 GHz) and in the ultrawideband (UWB) spectrum (4–10.6 GHz) using a single excitation port. The ISM band is used for in-body communication with the implants and the UWB band for off-body burst communication with the BS. The antenna consists of three layers that grant it compactness and performance robustness. We assess the in-body link between the repeater and a custom-designed miniaturized implantable probe antenna. The study is performed in the frequency domain with results showing adequate input impedance matching ( s 11 ≤ −10 dB) and robustness to different body parts. We extend the analysis to time domain by transmitting a synthetized medical signal between the two antennas. In addition, we evaluate the feasibility of an off-body link for burst communication. Again, the results indicate very good performance by the repeater antenna both in terms of impedance matching ( s 11 ≤ −10 dB) and preservation of time signals (fidelity ≥ 75%), which is relevant in impulse radio systems. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first time this kind of dual-band adhesive antenna is being proposed for BANs, complete with performance tests using frequency- and time-domain figures-of-merit.

Burst communication by using self-adaptive buffer allocation with energy-efficient in-body sensor networks

The revolution of wireless sensory devices in healthcare services is monitoring of human movements. Such type of motion analysis uses human's inertial information. This study is achieved by using Body Sensor Network (BSN) in which many wireless sensor nodes are placed on different parts of the body. Disease is recognised by shared processing of sensor information from multiple locations of the body. Even though this platform has high potential in healthcare, the commercialisation of these systems is difficult because of power requirements and wearability problems. In this paper, a self-adaptive greedy buffer allocation and scheduling algorithm (SGBAS) is presented for optimisation of communication model for BSN applications which uses self-adaptive buffers for limitation of communication to short bursts, power usage and transmitting sensed data to the backend servers periodically. The optimisation of QoS is achieved by introducing buffers. This project provides a self-adaptive heuristic scheme which is formulated to reduce transmissions among sensor nodes. For early diagnosis, it sends the data at right time for the analysis of healthcare professionals. Several experimental evaluation and simulations is to be done to assess the proposed SGBAS technique for allocation of buffers in real time under various simulation setups. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of SGBAS power reduction techniques.

Burst communication by using self-adaptive buffer allocation with energy-efficient in-body sensor networks

Burst communication by using self-adaptive buffer allocation with energy-efficient in-body sensor networks

Research of a New Open Sea Contingency Monitoring System

According to the development of open sea hydrologic environment monitoring technology in China, and combining with the demand characteristics of supporting marine environment in the future, a new ocean contingency monitoring system was established, which based on the technologies of unmanned air vehicles, meteor burst communication and marine field detection. This paper discusses the developing needs of the field detection technologies of the marine environment, research status in the relevant fields of China and some developed countries, then focuses on discussing the main components of the new system, laying mode, compares the technical characteristics with the existing similar systems, and how to break through the technical bottlenecks at present, includes the system’s mobility, data remote transmission and synchronizing observation. Then, the research and development of field detection technology are introduced briefly. All these will be helpful to settle the foundation of such theories as efficiently promoting the security, concealment and survivability of open sea hydrologic environment monitoring.

Preliminary experiment of meteor burst communications in equatorial region

Preliminary experiment of meteor burst communications in equatorial region

Efficient Cross-Correlation Algorithm and Architecture for Robust Synchronization in Frame-Based Communication Systems

Wireless communication in high-mobility environments is usually frame-based burst communication. Preamble sequences are generally used for time and frequency synchronization. Recently, Zadoff–Chu sequences have gained popularity for this purpose. In this paper, we propose an efficient cross-correlation-based algorithm and its implementation architecture for robust synchronization in systems with multiple preambles. The proposed method is well suited for systems experiencing carrier frequency offsets and operating in high-mobility environments. Synchronization is achieved by cross-correlation of local preamble replica with the segmented and decimated samples of the received preamble. The proposed architecture has been synthesized and implemented on Xilinx FPGA platform for validation and performance evaluation. The system-level simulation under additive white Gaussian noise, in Long-Term Evolution channels with frequency offsets and Doppler shifts, has also been carried out to find the efficacy of the proposed approach. The inherent parallelism of the proposed scheme results in a fast and energy-efficient implementation. One such implementation of the correlator structure in Xilinx FPGA is presented and is shown to have $$\approx 28\%$$ reduction in power consumption, capable of clocking $$\approx 1.5{\times }$$ higher clock speed with $$\approx 73\%$$ reduction in the usage of FPGA hardware resources such as DSP blocks and logic resulting in an overall reduction in energy consumption by $$\approx 57\%$$ , when compared to full-parallel cross-correlator-based synchronization.

An Adaptive State Assignment Mechanism Based on Joint Data Detection and Channel Estimation on Fading Meteor Channel

Integrating adaptive modulation and coding techniques into time-varying meteor burst channels with joint data detection and channel estimation at the receiver can greatly increase the average throughput of a meteor burst communication system (MBCS). Although the per-survivor processing algorithm (PSPA) based on joint data and channel estimation provides superior performance and robustness for MBCS, it is very difficult to implement it into practice due to the extremely high computational complexity. An adaptive state reduction scheme using a dimension-down PSPA (ADPSP) with few states in the trellis diagram is proposed based on the slow-fading characteristic of the meteor burst channel. It has the advantages of the dimension-down PSPA (D-PSPA) and the adaptive state reduction scheme based on PSPA proposed in our previous work. The scheme is proposed to reduce the computation complexity and memory size for exponentially decaying meteor burst channels and make the maximum likelihood sequence detection available for adaptive data transmission. Based on the estimation of parameters of the meteor burst channel, the adaptive threshold is obtained in order to decrease the computation compleixty of PSPA, where the states close to the correct one in the trellis is selected. Simulation results are presented to validate the theoretical analysis. It is shown that the proposed adaptive state reduction scheme using a D-PSPA can obtain a good tradeoff between the achievable performance and its dynamically computation complexity, as well as provide reliable data transmission for MBCS using adaptive coding and modulation.

Blind Equalization Based on JADE in PDM-CO-OFDM

Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) significantly reduces frequency overhead in data transmission. Channel equalization (CE) is an approach used to estimate the channel state, and generally with inserting periodic training symbols (TS) to assist channel estimation. By study the technique of independent component analysis, a blind CE method based on joint approximate diagonalization of eigen-matrices with only one-tap in each subcarrier and without TS for polarization division multiplexing coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PDM-CO-OFDM) is proposed. This method has a faster convergence speed than the conventional CE technique in PDM-CO-OFDM. For the free of TS, it also enhances the spectral efficiency of the systems. The given approach may offer an efficient technique in the fields such as data transmission in high speed and burst communication, as well as OFDM system. Simulation results indicate that our method is effective for blind CE in OOFDM.

Frame detection based on cyclic autocorrelation and constant false alarm rate in burst communication systems

Frame detection is important in burst communication systems for its contributions in frame synchronization. It locates the information bits in the received data stream at receivers. To realize frame detection in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and frequency offset, a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector is proposed through exploitation of cyclic autocorrelation feature implied in the preamble. The frame detection can be achieved prior to bit timing recovery. The threshold setting is independent of the signal level and noise level by utilizing CFAR method. Mathematical expressions is derived in AWGN channel by considering the probability of false alarm and probability of detection, separately. Given the probability of false alarm, the mathematical relationship between the frame detection performance and E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> /N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> of received signals is established. Experimental results are also presented in accordance with analysis.

Simulation and Analysis for Meteor Burst Communications Based on OPNET

Meteor burst communication is an important communication mode for a number of possible civilian and military applications. This paper proposes a channel modeling and simulation based on OPNET for meteor burst communications. Analyzing the characteristics of underdense meteor burst channel, the multi-layer node models of master station and slave station are presented to create practical simulation scenario of meteor burst communications. The simulation processes of half-duplex communication as well as full-duplex communication are designed to execute simulation. The results demonstrated that the channel model based on OPNET is consisted with meteor burst communication very well, and full-duplex communication is better than full-duplex communication in effectiveness.

A Robust Multi-RAT VANET/LTE for Mixed Control &amp;amp; Entertainment Traffic

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have been receiving significant interest from various stakeholders worldwide. ITS promise major enhancements to the efficiency, safety, convenience and sustainability of transportation systems. To satisfy the diverse vehicular application requirements, this paper proposes an integration of IEEE 802.11-based VANET and LTE cellular network using mobile vehicular gateways. IEEE 802.11 g is used for V2V communications and LTE for V2I communications. A burst communication technique is applied to prevent packet losses in the critical uplink ITS traffic. A performance simulation-based study is conducted to validate the feasibility of the proposed system in an urban vehicular environment. The system performance is evaluated in terms of data loss, data rate, delay and jitter. The results indicate that the proposed Multi-RAT system offers acceptable performance that meets the requirements of the different vehicular applications.

Design of Modulation and Packet Detection in Body Area Networks

In burst communication systems like Body Area Networks (BAN), burst packet should be detected prior to the demodulation of the signal at the receiver. Meanwhile, different modulation and demodulation algorithms may affect the BER performance of the entire system seriously. To satisfy the conditions that BAN nodes or devices have to be small in size and very low in power consumption, algorithm design of modulation and packet detection are very important. Referring to IEEE 802.15.6 BAN standard, theoretical analysis of the modulation and demodulation for π/2-DBPSK and π/4-DQPSK is carried out first. The two modulations are realized by using two different two-step looking up table respectively and then united to be one by combining the two phase increment tables. By use of the special structure of π/2-DBPSK modulated preamble, packet detection algorithm with low complexity is also carefully designed. Simulation results of BER performance are presented at last. In AWGN channel, both modulations achieve good performance, and performance degradation of π/4-DQPSK happens in multipath channel which may not satisfy the requirements. Adaptive modulation is considered to solve this problem by choosing different modulation scheme according to channel quality.

Mobile Hurts, but Only for a Minute: The Impact of Mobility and Time on User Generated Content

The way we communicate is evolving. The latest change may be underway now, brought about by two IT-induced phenomena: The proliferation of user-generated content and the emergence of mobile devices as a viable computing platform. The SoLoMo acronym (i.e., Social, Local, Mobile) – as popularized by John Doerr of venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers – captures the convergence of social and mobile and represents an important frontier of computing. However, due to the fast pace at which this evolution is taking place, our knowledge lags. We need a far richer understanding of the impact that the changing form factor of our new communication devices has on human behavior. We ask: what is the impact of the posting medium (mobile app or Web site) on the length, timing and tone of user-generated content? We investigate these differences in the context of online hotel reviews contributed on TripAdvisor. Our findings have practical and theoretical significance as they shed early light on an emerging phenomenon in social computing. The growing presence and success of visual communication applications (e.g., Instagram, Pinterest) and short burst communication (e.g., text messaging, Twitter, WhatsApp) suggest that there may an ongoing shift in the way humans communicate. This visual and short burst communication is more public and more immediate than traditional interactions. It is therefore critical that we understand the effect of the changing mode of communication on the content of our communication. Future customer generated content may very well be an aggregation of short, focused comments written by the customer during or shortly following the service encounter; understanding the impact of the medium and the mobile platform on individuals’ own evaluations of their experience will be critical to designing effective rating systems.