Bupleurum Research Articles

Clinical effect of modified Chaihu Shugan powder in the adjuvant treatment of biliary acute pancreatitis

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Chaihu Shugan powder in the adjuvant treatment of biliary acute pancreatitis. Methods A total of 40 cases of biliary acute pancreatitis were selected from June 2011 to October 2016 in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 20 cases in each group.Western medical treatment plans of both two groups were formulated according to the guidelines.The control group was given conventional western medicine.The treament group was given modified Chaihu Shugan powder on the basis of the control group.The abdominal pain symptoms, duration of aminotransferase descent and imaging findings before and after treatment were observed and compared. Results After treatment, the white blood cell count between the two groups had no statistically significant difference(t=0.28, P>0.05). The improvements of alanine aminotransferase, C-reactive protein and bilirubin in the treatment group were all better than those in the control group [(5.68±2.26)×109/L vs.(5.50±1.98)×109/L](t=-2.767, -2.96, -3.66, all P<0.05). Conclusion Modified Chaihu Shugan powder in the adjuvant treatment of biliary acute pancreatitis has significant effect, and it is safe. Key words: Pancreatitis; Bupleurum liver-coursing powder variation

Retrospective analysis of 18 cases of anaphylactic shock induced by bupleurum injection

Objective To investigate the clinic features and regularity of anaphylactic shock induced by bupleurum injection, and to provide reference in clinic for rational use of bupleurum injection. Methods Checked out the case reports of anaphylactic shock induced by bupleurum injection in the data-bases in China from 1996 to 2015 for statistics and analysis. Results 18 cases of anaphylactic shock were reported and sexual equality, and all were injected intramuscularly; 13 cases(72.2%) occurred within 5min and cardiovascular system and central nervous system as the main clinical manifestations.By the active anti-shock therapy, 17 cases recovered and 1 case died. Conclusion Allergic shock induced by bupleurum injection happens now and then in clinics, so clinical drug using should pay attention to the history of allergies and medication adverse reactions in the process of observation, in order to reduce drug safety hazards. Key words: Anaphylaxis; Shock; Bupleurum Injection; Retrospective Studies

Drug analysis of Li zhenhua for the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis based on the data mining

Objective The method of data mining and sorting analysis was used to analyze and summarize the drug experience of Professor Li Zhenhua in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Methods Professor Li's medical records of effective diagnosis and treatment of 139 CAG patients were collected. Find-Replace method of Microsoft office word 2007 was used to count the major syndromes and main prescription of CAG. SPSS statistical software was adopted to perform entry-analysis-descriptive statistics and data analysis of and main syndrome, main formula and frequency of administration so as to obtain the commonly used drugs, commonly used prescription and drug laws of CAG. Results Professor Li Zhenhua believed that the clinical syndromes of CAG included the disharmony of liver-stomach-spleen syndrome, the damp heat of spleen-stomach syndrome, the deficiency and damp heat of spleen syndrome, the liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome, the deficiency of spleen-stomach syndrome, the liver and stomach yin deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome, the stagnant heat of liver-stomach syndrome and the blood stasis of stomach meridian syndrome; the commonly used drugs were: bupleurum, white peony root, orange peel, licorice, poria, skullcap, ginger, fried atractylodes, golden thread, prepared pinellia, licorice, lily, stir-baking Sanxian, nutgrass galingale rhizome, heterophylly falsesatarwort root, combined spicebush root, Chinese date, tangshen, immature orange fruit, prepared rhizome pinellize without adjuvant, and oyster shell..The commonly used prescriptions were: Xiaochaihu decoction, Sini powder, Chaihu-Guizhi-Longgu-Muli decoction, Chaihu-Shugan powder, Huanglian-Wendan decoction, Banxia-Xiexin decoction, Xiaoyao powder, Xiangsha-Liujunzi decoction. Conclusion Professor Li pay attention to treat spleen and stomach disease from liver by clearing heat and removing dampness from spleen and stomach. He used the dialectical methods like invigorating qi and strengthening the spleen, regulating qi digestion, activating blood flow to eliminating blood stasis. Key words: Chronic atrophic gastritis; Expert experience

Differentiation of species of Bupleurum and its changes

Bupleurum is originated from the genus of Bupleurum chinensis DC of Umbelliferae. In China, the species of bupleurum for medicinal used are very complicate. During the Han-Tang Dynasties the bupleurum used covered a variety of its genera from Umbelliferae. "Yinzhou bupleurum" is the most famous in the Song Dynasty. Due to the continuous deterioration of its growing environment, the resources of the wild species of Yinzhou Bupleurum was declined, hence, those grown in other locations gradually attracted people's interests. Bupleutum was differentiated as Northern and Southern ones in the Ming Dynasty based on its different properties. Similar in its morphology and growing location to the Yinzhou Bupleurum, the Stellaria dichotoma lanceolata of the Caryophyllaceae was used as a substitute for the former. However, due to its prominent medicinal effects different from the Yinzhou one, the latter was continuously applied as a new herb. There are 2 great varieties of bupleurum used in modern times, the Bupleurum chinensis DC, and the Bupleurm scorzonerifolium Willd. Since the species of bupleurum in the current market are very complicate, and its clinical applications are quite confused, standardization and strengthening of its research are badly needed so as to promote its marketing.

Preparation and quality control of RUBI mixtures

Objective To study the preparation and quality control of RUBI mixtures. Methods Thin layer chromatography was used to identify Radix Bupleuri and Herba Epimedii in the mixtute. Results Three main components points of Bupleurum and a main ingredient point of Epimodium of Rubi mixture were clear, with the Rf values were identical with the control points, and well-separated to other points, separation＞1.5. Conclusion The method was simple, reproducible, and suitable for content determination. Key words: RUBI mixtures; Preparation and quality controh; TLC

Study on medication rule of depressive disorder in medical records of Er Xu Ming Yi Lei An

Objective To study the origin, position, pathogenesis and differentiation rule of depressive disorder in ancient medical records, Er Xu Ming Yi Lei An. Methods Study medical records in ancient medical books, Ming Yi Lei An, Xu Ming Yi Lei An, Er Xu Ming Yi Lei An. Adopt Excel to establish medical records' database about depressive disorder, and use frequency analysis method to summarize medication rule of Chinese materia medica for treating depressive disorder. Results Six body symptoms referred in medical records are anorexia,lassitude, sweating, abdominal distension, insomnia, and hypochondriac pain, account 53.41% in top ten symptoms;regulating Qi method is the most frequently used treatment; The most frequently use prescriptions in a descending order are Xiaoyaosan, Buzhong Yiqi Tang, Taoren Chengqi Tang, Modified Guipi Tang, Wendan Tang, Liujun Zi Tang, Suanzaoren Tang, et. Most frequently applied medical herbs in a descending order are bupleurum, dried tangerine peel, white peony alba, tumeric root tuber, fossilia ossis mastoid, and Chinese angelica, et. Conclusion There are certain rules in the origin, pathogenesis, diagnosis and prescriptions of depressive disorder in ancient medical records, Er Xu Ming Yi Lei An. Key words: Depressive disorder; Ancient medical records; Medication rule; Application frequency of Chinese materia medica

Proximate and nutrient composition of medicinal plants of humid and sub-humid regions in North-west Pakistan.

The study was carried out to assess proximate composition and nutrientcontents of five medicinal plant species collected from Northwest Pakistan.Bupleurum falcatum and Valeriana officinalis belongs to humid regions, whileForsskalea tenacissima, Lavandula angustifolia and Otostegia limbata belongs to sub-humid regions. Proximate analysis (total protein, fats, carbohydrate, ash, and moisture contents) were carried out following methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Macronutrients (Ca, Mg, Na, K) and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Co, Mn) were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results revealed higher concentration of macronutrients in F. tenacissima and micronutrients in O. limbata. In conclusion, sub-humid region’s species are having higher nutritional value than humid region’s species. Key words: Proximate analysis, micro and macro nutrients, medicinal plants, humid region, sub-humid region.

Phylogenetic inference of the genus Bupleurum (Apiaceae) in Hengduan Mountains based on chromosome counts and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences

Hengduan Mountains are the diversity center for the genus Bupleurum of Apiaceae in China. This paper reports chromosome numbers of six species and two varieties of Bupleurum, and for four species and two varieties their chromosome numbers are reported for the first time. The phylogeny of Bupleurum was investigated based on the ITS region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) of 14 taxa from the Hengduan Mountains, 3 taxa from the North China (Hebei and Heilongjiang), and 16 taxa from Africa and the Mediterranean region. Varia- tions in chromosome numbers and the ITS sequences were used to infer phylogenetic relationships between Bupleurum species in Hengduan Mountains. The results showed that the Hengduan Mountains might represent one of the frequency and diversity centers for Bupleurum. The ancestors of Bupleurum species in the Hengduan Mountains may be related to the woody B. fruticosum in North Africa, or the species in the western Mediterranean region. It is postulated that the ancestral population migrated into Hengduan Mountains through the Middle East and the Caucasus. Furthermore, the neo-endemic B. mundtii in South Africa appeared to be a close relative of the species in the Hengduan Mountains. In the trend of basic chromosome number evolution, x = 8 should be regarded as the ancestral basic number, while x = 6, 7 as the derived ones. The Bupleurum species in the Hengduan Moun- tains have been undergoing changes in the basic chromosome numbers or the ploidy level. The ITS phylogenetic tree showed that the Chinese species were divided into two clades: one with the basic chromosome number x = 8, and the other with x = 6, 7. The results rejected the previous infrageneric classification of Bupleurum in China. We further suggested to raise B. marginatum var. stenophyllum to species rank based on the combined evidence from morphology, karyology, pollen morphology, and the ITS phylogenetic tree.

Studies on the development of embryo and endosperm and its influence on the germination of seeds of Bupleurum chinense

Studies on the development of embryo and endosperm and its influence on the germination of seeds of Bupleurum chinense

Lignanolides from bupleurum salicifolium

Three new lignans isolated from the roots of Bupleurum salicifolium were characterised as guamarol, isoguamarol and guamarolin on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence. The known lignans, kaerophyllin, isokaerophyllin and matairesinol, were also obtained.

N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine from Bupleurum aureum flowers

N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine from Bupleurum aureum flowers