Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh Research Articles

Rhythmic gymnastics, is a healthy or a deleterious sport for the athletes? An exploratory study on eating disorders in southern Italy

Abstract Background The practice of sports is not always associated with the concept of health. Rhythmic gymnastics often witnesses athletes adopting unhealthy eating habits. This may lead to eating disorders. Aims This study aims to evaluate a sample of rhythmic gymnasts from Southern Italy in terms of eating habits, eating disorders, and menstrual cycles disorders. Methods Girls under 19 years of age who practice rhythmic gymnastics answered two questionnaires: the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26); and the Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE). An health questionnaire was also proposed. Results The participants had a mean body mass index of 17.9 ± 2.2 kg/m2; 33.33% of the gymnasts reported a score ≥ 20 in the EAT, indicating a possible eating disorder. On the BITE Symptom subscale, 6.7% of the gymnasts had a score between 10 and 19 (abnormal eating habits); 10% scored ≥ 20 (highly disordered eating possible binge eating). Some gymnasts presented altered menstrual cycle. Conclusion the findings emphasize the need for special attention to eating disorders, menstrual alteration, and education among rhythmic gymnasts. Coaches and team managers should institute monitoring and preventive measures to address these issues as athletes transition into adulthood.

Atypical social cognition processing in bulimia nervosa: an fMRI study of patients thinking of others' mental states.

Feeding and eating disorders are severe mental disorders that gravely affect patients' lives. In particular, patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN) appear to have poor social cognition. Many studies have shown the relationship between poor social cognition and brain responses in AN. However, few studies have examined the relationship between social cognition and BN. Therefore, we examined which brain regions impact the ability for social cognition in patients with BN. We used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine brain responses during a social cognition task and the Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). During the fMRI, 22 women with BN and 22 healthy women (HW) took the RMET. Participants also completed the eating disorder clinical measures Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE) and Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) measure of depression; and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) measure of anxiety. No difference was observed in the RMET scores between women with BN and HW. Both groups showed activation in brain regions specific to social cognition. During the task, no differences were shown between the groups in the BOLD signal (p < 0.05, familywise error correctedfor multiple comparisons). However, there was a tendency of more robust activation in the right angular gyrus, ventral diencephalon, thalamus proper, temporal pole, and middle temporal gyrus in BN (p < 0.001, uncorrectedfor multiple comparisons). Moreover, HW showed a positive correlation between RMET scores and the activation of two regions: medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); however, no significant correlation was observed in women with BN. While activation in the mPFC and ACC positively correlated to the RMET scores in HW, no correlation was observed in BN patients. Therefore, women with BN might display modulated neural processing when thinking of others' mental states. Further examination is needed to investigate neural processing in BN patients to better understand their social cognition abilities. UMIN, UMIN000010220. Registered 13 March 2013, https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/s/detail/um?trial_id=UMIN000010220.

The psychometric properties of Binge Eating Scale among overweight college students in Taiwan

BackgroundThe Binge Eating Scale (BES) is a widely used measuring tool to assess binge eating problems in Western countries. However, the psychometric properties of such scales among cross-cultural youth groups are insufficient, and the factor structure continues to be debated; therefore, further research is needed. The aim of this study was to examine the properties of BES among overweight college students in Taiwan.MethodsA cross-sectional design and convenience sampling were adopted to recruit 300 overweight students from five universities. A translated Traditional Chinese version of BES was used for the survey, and the validity of the scale was tested using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE). The reliability was evaluated using internal consistency and test–retest reliability.ResultsThe CFA results showed a reasonable model fit. The first-order two-factor model was consistent with that of the original BES and significantly correlated with the criterion of BITE score. Cronbach’s α value, representing internal consistency reliability, and the intraclass correlation coefficient of repeated measures made one month apart were both 0.83, indicating good reliability and stability. Significant correlations were observed between the BES score and sex and BMI; however, no correlation was observed between BES scores and age.ConclusionThe BES presents sound psychometric properties, has good cross-cultural applicability, and can be used as a first-line screening tool by mental health professionals to identify the severity of binge eating behavior among overweight college students in Taiwan. It is recommended that participant diversity and obesity indicators be incorporated into the scale in the future to establish a universal psychometric tool.

Diyetisyene başvuran Türk kadınlarında tıkınırcasına yeme davranışının klinik önemi: Hedonik açlık, beslenme durumu ve diyet alışkanlıkları üzerine bir araştırma

It is conducted to detect binge eating disorder in women who apply to a dietitian and to examine its relationship with hedonic hunger and obesity. This study was conducted with 400 adult women aged 19-50 years. Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh was used to examine binge eating disorder, and The Power of Food Scale was used to determine hedonic hunger status. 25.2% of the participants had binge eating disorder and 74.7% had hedonic hunger. While most women with binge eating disorder (87.0%) have hedonic hunger, women without binge eating disorder have a significantly lower body mass index (25.3 ±5.12 kg/m2 vs 27.0±5.46 kg/m2, p=0.005). It was found that women with binge eating disorder diet more frequently (87.1% vs. 41.8%), have more appetite (78.2% vs. 29.8%), and have more irregular meals than those without binge eating disorder (68.3% vs. 41.3% (p=0.001). While 64.3% of women without binge eating disorder consume processed/packaged products less than once in 15 days, 57.5% consume more than 1-4 times a week (p=0.007). Binge eating disorder positively and significantly correlated with hedonic hunger and body mass index (r=0.522, p=0.001; r=0.234, p=0.001, respectively). Binge eating disorder is an important factor in the nutritional status and food preference of women who apply to a dietitian.

Effects of social media on body dissatisfaction in junior high school girls in Japan

AimsBody dissatisfaction (BD) is a serious problem related to the incidence of eating disorders. Social media (SM) use is known to be associated with BD. With a view to preventing the incidence of eating disorders, this study aimed to investigate the association between SM and BD, particularly, the role of SM in the encouragement of thinness and its relationship with adolescent girls' BD. MethodsJunior high school girls aged 12–15 in Japan completed the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), Eating Attitudes Test-26, Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh, Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children, and SM usage. Participants were classified into two groups based on their BSQ cut-off score. ResultsOverall, 161 students were recruited (44 participants with BD; 117 without BD). The BD group used SM more than the non-BD group (χ2 (1) = 4.61, p = .032). The frequency of following SM accounts related to thinness was significantly higher in the BD group than in the non-BD group (χ2 (1) = 7.76, p = .005). The association between BD and following SM accounts focused on thinness was the most important (adjusted OR = 3.82; 95 % CI: 1.05–13.89). ConclusionsThe risks of SM use increasing BD in adolescent girls should be considered to prevent mental disorders, including eating disorders.

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE PROCESS OF IDENTITY EXPLORATION AND THE EMERGENCE OF EATING DISORDERS IN STUDENT LIFE

As the physical and psychological well-being has become a cultural and public health focus in Western countries, the impact of social networking sites has been highlighted, especially for the young who are in the process of identity formation. For them, the rapidly evolving social media world is increasing in importance as the main arena for socializing, experimentation, exploration and communication. Studies connect the exposure of adolescents and young adults to social media with body image dissatisfaction and eating disorders (ED), mainly bulimia, anorexia and binge eating. Especially the media cultivating beauty ideals are predictors of the development of eating pathology. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between social media platforms and eating disorders in students and whether their use influences the process of identity formation. With a sample of 158 students from the University of Patras, the measuring instruments used in the study were a structured questionnaire to investigate the effect of social media on eating disorders and the process of identity exploration and the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE) questionnaire to investigate the episodes of binge eating, predisposition to bulimia nervosa and the cognitive and behavioral manifestations of bulimia.&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0888/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Relationship of depression, impulsivity, distress intolerance and coping styles with maladaptive eating patterns in bariatric candidates.

The study aimed to investigate the problematic eating patterns and understand their relationship to psychological constructs, including stress intolerance, coping mechanisms and impulsivity, and psychiatric symptoms among bariatric surgery candidates. The bariatric candidates were evaluated by psychiatric interview and standard scales assessing maladaptive eating behaviors (Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), Bulimia Investigatory Test-Edinburgh (BITE), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ)), depression (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)), psychiatric symptoms (Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)), and psychological constructs (Distress Intolerance Index (DSI), Coping Styles Scale (CSS), UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale(UPPS)). More than half (57.8%) had maladaptive eating behaviors, and 23.6% had binge-eating behavior. Depression and anxiety predicted EAT, BITE, and DEBQ emotional and external eating sub-scale scores; distress intolerance, helpless coping style, and impulsivity predicted maladaptive eating behaviors in bariatric candidates. Maladaptive eating patterns play an essential role in the failure to lose weight and regain weight and are predicted by depression, anxiety, and psychological constructs in this study. Evaluation of pathological trait characteristics besides discrete psychiatric syndromes should be recommended in the pre-operation process to plan relevant interventions in the long-term management of weight. Level III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort analytic studies.

TU1.7 The correlation between BITE score and weight outcomes in Mini/One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass patients – an update with 24-month post-operative results

Abstract Background The Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE) self-report questionnaire is used to assess the risk of bulimic and binge eating habits in bariatric patients preoperatively. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between preoperative BITE scores and weight loss at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months follow up in patients with Mini-Gastric Bypass (MGB-OAGB). Method Consecutive patients who received MGB-OAGB between 2016–2018 completed the BITE questionnaire at initial assessment and were included in this prospective study. Baseline demographics were measured. Excess body weight loss (%EBWL) and total weight loss (%TWL) were calculated on the day of surgery and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months follow up. Results 120 patients were eligible with an average age of 43 (± 10.84) years. 21.67% (n=26) had high BITE scores (≥20), 44.17% (n=53) had medium BITE scores (10–19), and 34.17% (n=41) had low BITE scores (≤9). Low and Medium BITE groups had similar outcomes at each follow up. The low BITE group had greater %EBWL and %TWL compared to high BITE group across all the follow ups, however this difference was not significant. There were no reoperations or mortality. Conclusion MGB-OAGB results in good weight loss at 3, 6 and 12 months post-operatively independent of BITE scores. There was no significant difference between pre-operative binge eating behaviours on post-operative weight outcomes. To extend the study, further research between the effect of pre-operative psychological input on weight outcomes could be investigated. Going forward, comparative study in patients with RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy would be recommended.

Identifying eating disorders in adolescents and adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review of screening questionnaires.

ObjectiveThis review aimed to examine the validity of self‐report screening questionnaires for identifying eating disorder (ED) risk in adults and adolescents with overweight/obesity.MethodFive databases were searched from inception to September 2020 for studies assessing validation of self‐report ED screening questionnaires against diagnostic interviews in adolescents and adults with overweight/obesity. The review was registered with PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=220013).ResultsTwenty‐seven papers examining 15 questionnaires were included. Most studies validated questionnaires for adults (22 of 27 studies), and most questionnaires (12 of 15) screened for binge eating or binge‐eating disorder (BED). The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (sensitivity = .16–.88, specificity = .62–1.0) and Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns (sensitivity = .07–1.0, specificity = .0–1.0) were most frequently validated (six studies each). Five studies of three questionnaires were in adolescents, with the Adolescent Binge‐Eating Disorder Questionnaire having highest sensitivity (1.0) but lower specificity (.27). Questionnaires designed to screen for BED generally had higher diagnostic accuracy than those screening for EDs in general.DiscussionQuestionnaires have been well validated to identify BED in adults with overweight/obesity. Validated screening tools to identify other EDs in adults and any ED in adolescents with overweight/obesity are lacking. Thus, clinical assessment should inform the identification of patients with co‐morbid EDs and overweight/obesity.Public SignificanceIndividuals with overweight/obesity are at increased risk of EDs. This review highlights literature gaps regarding screening for ED risk in this vulnerable group. This work presents possibilities for improving care of individuals with overweight/obesity by reinventing ED screening tools to be better suited to diverse populations.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adult obese patients referred to bariatric surgery

IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, which only rarely remits in adulthood[1]. A positive association between ADHD and obesity has been repeatedly observed, especially in adult samples[2]. However, only a few studies investigated the prevalence and correlates of ADHD in obese patients seeking bariatric treatment[3,4].ObjectivesOur study was aimed to examine the prevalence of probable ADHD comorbidity in a sample of obese patients referred for bariatric surgery. Secondly, we sought to characterize differences in eating behaviour between obese subjects with and without probable ADHD.MethodsThe study sample was composed of 110 adult obese patients (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) consecutively referred for bariatric surgery to the Obesity Center of the Endocrinology Unit in Pisa University Hospital between November 2010 and May 2012. Probable ADHD was identified using a recently developed screening scale based on items selected from Symptom Check‐List‐90‐R (SCL-90-R)[5]. The extent of binge-eating/purging and night-eating behaviours were respectively estimated using the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE)[6] and the Night-eating Questionnaire (NEQ)[7]. Wilcoxon test was used for statistical comparisons, with a significance level of p&lt;0.05 set for all tests.ResultsProbable ADHD was found in 14 subjects (12.7%, 95%CI=7.1-20.4%). Patients with probable ADHD showed significantly higher BITE symptom score (20.4±9.3 vs. 12.1±7.5, r=0.31, p=0.001) and NEQ total score (16.1±9.2 vs. 9.5±3.9, r=0.27, p=0.005).ConclusionsADHD is a relatively common comorbidity in obese patients seeking bariatric treatment, which is positively associated with disordered eating habits, such as binge-eating/purging and night-eating behaviours.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Psychiatric Causes of Bariatric Surgery Exclusion: A Descriptive Study

IntroductionThe psychopathological causes that advise against a bariatric surgical procedure include any state that puts at risk the modification of habits and beliefs regarding eating behavior, wich condition weight loss and health improvement.ObjectivesTo Study the psychiatric profile of patients rejected for bariatric surgery at the Complejo Hospitalario Asistencial de León (León, Spain).MethodsRetrospective observational study. All patients for whom bariatric surgery procedure has been contraindicated for psychopathological reasons are included. 145 patients were evaluated in the context of the protocol for bariatric surgery. The following diagnostic scales were used as support: Salamanca Questionnaire, Plutchik Impulsivity Scale, Attitudes towards change in patients with eating disorders (ACTA), Bulimia Investigatory Test Edinburgh e, and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions.Results41 Patients were rejected for psychiatric reasons (28.28%). The most frequent diagnoses are impulse control disorder (39%), followed by eating disorder (27%). Other diagnoses found are: depressive disorder (10%), adjustment disorder (5%), personality disorders, intellectual disability and generalized anxiety disorder (3%) 78% of them are women.ConclusionsUncontrolled psychiatric pathology is a contraindication to bariatric surgery. Impulse control disorder and eating disorder are related to overweight and obesity, so a diagnosis and treatment are necessary prior planning surgical procedure. Psychopathological variables determine the success of bariatric surgery procedures and it is mandatory to consider them in the process.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Risk of eating disorders, changes in salivary cortisol concentrations and nutritional status of adolescents.

The imposition of the thin body as an ideal of beauty and the changes that occur in adolescence lead to a constant concern with adolescents' body weight, putting them at risk for eating disorders. Thus, the study sought to investigate associations between eating disorders and salivary cortisol concentrations, nutritional status and depressive symptoms in female adolescents with bulimia. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1435 adolescents aged 10-19years. The Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh (BITE) and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) questionnaires were used. A follow-up study was conducted from a random selection of female adolescents diagnosed with Bulimia Development and Well-Being Assessment-(DAWBA) to assess associations with salivary cortisol concentrations and nutritional status. The prevalence of body dissatisfaction among adolescents with symptoms of bulimia was 37%. There was a significant difference between salivary cortisol and bulimia (Risk Group = 0.33 ± 0.20μg/100ml, Diagnostic Group = 0.44 ± 0.21μg/100ml p = 0.040), and correlation positive between the risk of bulimia with symptoms of depression (0.355 p = 0.002) and with Body Mass Index (0.259 p = 0.028). High concentrations of salivary cortisol in bulimic adolescents may be associated with hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and depressive symptoms. Nutritional status indicators cannot be used alone for the diagnosis of bulimia, since cortisol levels seem to be a reliable parameter in the identification of bulimia, provided they are used with other diagnostic criteria. Evidence obtained from cross-sectional study.

Prevalence and characteristics of eating disorders among college students of a nonmetro city of Gujarat.

Context:There is a relative paucity of prevalence data about eating disorders (EDs) in India among young population.Aims:We aimed to estimate the prevalence and characteristics of EDs and abnormal eating behaviors among college students of a nonmetro city of Gujarat.Setting and Design:A cross-sectional survey was done among five colleges of a nonmetro city in Gujarat from February to September 2019.Subjects and Methods:Total 790 college students were assessed using a semi-structured format, Eating Attitudes Test-26, and Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh followed by structured clinical interview as per DSM-5 criteria for EDs.Statistical Analysis:Outcomes were expressed in frequency, proportion, mean, and standard deviation. P values were calculated by Pearson Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test to determine the significance of the result.Results:The prevalence of abnormal eating behaviors was 25.2% (n = 199). Anorexia nervosa (AN) was not detected. The prevalence of bulimia nervosa (BN) was 0.2% and other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) was 0.6%. “Being aware of calorie content” (53.7%) and “preoccupation with desire of thinness” (46.3%) were commonly found. “Impulse to vomit after meals” (2.5%) was least common. Lower body mass index was found among subjects with abnormal eating behavior. None of the subjects had amenorrhea.Conclusions:The prevalence of disordered eating behaviors, BN, and OSFED was 25.2%, 0.2%, and 0.6%, respectively. AN was not detected. OSFED was the most common ED and the characteristic “body image disturbance” was the most common symptom.

Eating Behavior during First-Year College Students, including Eating Disorders-RUVIC-RUNEAT-TCA Project. Protocol of an Observational Multicentric Study.

(1) Introduction: Changes in eating behavior and eating disorders are especially common in young people, especially teenage and college women. The first year of college is a critical period, as students acquire freedoms that can lead to poor eating habits. During this first year, students usually gain weight. The aims of this project are to analyze the risk of developing eating disorders, the composition and dietary intake and the changes in the body composition of two groups of college students (independent from the family nucleus or still living within the family) in the first year of college. (2) Material and Methods: Multicentric prospective observational study protocol in which first-year students at the Universidad Europea del Atlántico and Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya voluntarily took part in the study. The students will be divided into two groups, independent and those residing in the family home, and the evolution of both groups will be compared at the beginning and at the end of the school year by performing anthropometric measurements, tests on lifestyle and eating habits (Test of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, MEDAS-14; Emotional Eater Questionnaire, EEQ), validated questionnaires on eating disorders (Eating Attitude Test, EAT26; Teen Figure Drawing Scales; SCOFF, Eating Behavior Test; Bulimia Investigatory Test Edinburgh, BITE) and their intake will be evaluated through 72 h dietary records. (3) Discussion: Determining the risk of suffering eating disorders of alimentary behavior, knowing eating consumption, perception of the corporal image and body composition through the first year of college will be decisive in establishing alimentary education strategies to prevent possible eating disorders in young students.

Amateur ballet practicing, body image and eating behaviors: a comparative study of classical ballet dancers, gym users and sedentary women

BackgroundBallet dancers are a risk group for body image (BI) distortion, dissatisfaction and eating disorders (ED), but few studies have investigated these aspects in amateur adult practitioners. This study aimed to evaluate if amateur female adult classical ballet dancers presented different BI and behaviors for ED than gym users and sedentary women.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study where classical ballet dancers (n = 19) were compared to gym users (n = 19) and sedentary women (n = 19). Body mass index (BMI) was assessed, and a figure rating scale was applied to assess BI distortion/dissatisfaction. The body shape questionnaire (BSQ) was used to measure BI concern. The eating attitudes test (EAT-26) and the bulimic investigatory test, Edinburgh (BITE) were used for behaviors toward anorexia and bulimia.ResultsBMI was significantly lower in ballet dancers than gym users and sedentary women (F, p = .04). BI distortion did not differ among the studied groups. BI dissatisfaction was lower (X2, p = .041) in ballet dancers (75.0%) and gym users (70.6%) compared to sedentary women (100%). Correspondence analysis showed ballet dancers were mostly not concerned with BI, which was not observed among the other groups. The EAT-26 did not differ between the studied groups. The BITE score was lower (Tukey’s post hoc test, p = .005) in the ballet dancers [mean 5.3 (5.6)] compared to the sedentary women [mean 10.9 (4.8)].ConclusionsData suggest that amateur classical ballet practicing is associated to better BI and fewer behaviors for ED in the studied population. The lower BMI in ballet dancers might explain these findings, and further studies should explore these associations.

Bariatric surgery exclusion: Psychiatric causes

IntroductionThe psychopathological causes that advise against a bariatric surgical procedure include any state that puts at risk the modification of habits and beliefs regarding eating behavior, wich condition weight loss and health improvement.ObjectivesTo Study the psychiatric profile of patients rejected for bariatric surgery at the Complejo Hospitalario Asistencial de León (León, Spain).MethodsRetrospective observational study. All patients for whom bariatric surgery procedure has been contraindicated for psychopathological reasons are included. 145 patients were evaluated in the context of the protocol for bariatric surgery. The following diagnostic scales were used as support: Salamanca Questionnaire, Plutchik Impulsivity Scale, Attitudes towards change in patients with eating disorders (ACTA), Bulimia Investigatory Test Edinburgh e, and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions.Results41 Patients were rejected for psychiatric reasons (28.28%). The most frequent diagnoses are impulse control disorder (39%), followed by eating disorder (27%). Other diagnoses found are: depressive disorder (10%), adjustment disorder (5%), personality disorders, intellectual disability and generalized anxiety disorder (3%) 78% of them are women.ConclusionsUncontrolled psychiatric pathology is a contraindication to bariatric surgery. Impulse control disorder and eating disorder are related to overweight and obesity, so a diagnosis and treatment are necessary prior planning surgical procedure. Psychopathological variables determine the success of bariatric surgery procedures and it is mandatory to consider them in the process.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Acidic food choice among adolescents with bulimic symptomatology: a major risk factor for erosive tooth wear?

Evaluate dietary habits and the presence of erosive tooth wear (ETW) among female adolescents with varying severity of bulimic symptomatology. An explanatory study was conducted with 72 female school adolescents with bulimic symptomatology, aged 15-18years in Southeastern Brazil. Dietary habits were evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire. Bulimic symptomatology was evaluated and classified (mild, moderate and severe) according to the Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh. ETW examinations were performed. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, Kruskal-Wallis/Mann-Whitney tests and Poisson regression. Ethical approval and informed consents were obtained. The final population consisted of 62 participants. The prevalence of ETW differed among adolescents with mild, moderate and severe bulimic symptomatology (p = 0.001), corresponding to 5.9%, 8.0% and 45.0%, respectively. Adolescents with severe bulimic symptomatology presented higher daily consumption of acidic food: citric fruits (p < 0.005), diet soda (p < 0.009) and ketchup (p = 0.004). No difference related to vomiting practices was observed between groups (p = 0.060). The adjusted regression model showed that a higher prevalence of ETW was associated with self-induced vomit at least once a week (PR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.00-5.86, p = 0.05) and higher frequencies of consumption of citric fruits (PR = 7.96, 95% CI = 1.50-42.11, p = 0.015) and diet soda (PR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.09-4.91, p = 0.029). It was the food choices (acidic food) and not purging practices that differed among adolescents with varying severity of bulimic symptomology. Likewise, higher consumption of citric fruits was the main factor associated with higher prevalence of ETW. III case-control analytic study.

Self-Induced Vomiting and Other Impulsive Behaviors in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study

Objective To determine the prevalence of self-induced vomiting (SIV) in a sample of patients with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), and to explore whether such behavior is associated with a comorbid eating disorder psychopathology and other clinical symptomatology, such as impulsivity. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the Alcohol Rehabilitation Unit at Stikland Psychiatric Hospital, South Africa. All consecutive inpatient admissions between April and June 2017 were invited to participate in an hour-long data interview. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE), and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) were used to collect data from 104 adults. Results: A total of 29% of patients with AUD reported SIV. The main reason stated for SIV was to prevent hangover (66%). There were no significant differences in BITE and BIS110 scores between participants who reported SIV and those who did not. Conclusions: Almost a third of patients with AUD reported SIV. BITE scores indicated no relationship between eating disorders and alcohol-related SIV in this sample. Our findings also did not support an etiological role for impulsivity in alcohol-related SIV.

Attitudes towards change mediate the effect of dissociation on psychopathological outcome in the treatment of eating disorders.

The study aimed to examine whether dissociation and attitudes towards change were associated with the psychopathology in patients with eating disorders (EDs) at 1-year follow-up. The study included 110 females with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (48 and 62 respectively). At the beginning of the study and 1 year later, they were assessed by means of the following questionnaires: Dissociative Experiences Scale, Attitudes Towards Change (ACTA), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Eating Attitude Test, Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). No statistically significant differences were found between both diagnostic groups regarding dissociation scores. The ACTA at baseline, specifically for patients in the contemplation stage, mediate the effect of dissociation on the psychopathological outcome. These findings suggest that dissociation might be a transdiagnostic feature related to the EDs outcome. The psychotherapeutic framework must take it into account, particularly in patients in the contemplation stage.

Risk Behaviors for Eating Disorders Among Brazilian Female Adolescents

Background:Eating disorders are complex conditions that cause serious emotional and physical problems.Aim:The aim of the study was to evaluate the behavioral risk for eating disorders in Brazilian female adolescents and their association with dental caries and erosion.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 200 students from public and private schools aged 15-18 years divided into two groups according to behavioral risk:Group 1 -adolescents without risk andGroup 2 -adolescents at risk / disorder situation. Sociodemographic information (age and type of school), use of dental services, eating habits, and Body Mass Index (BMI) was obtained. The Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh (BITE) was used to identify behavioral risk. Caries experience was assessed using the DMFT index, while dental erosion was evaluated using the O'Sullivan index. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with a significance level of 5%.Results:The highest overweight and obesity percentages were verified among adolescents at risk / disorder, respectively, 33% and 16%. There was a statistically significant association between behavioral risk and variables standard dietary pattern (p&lt;0.001), strict diet (p&lt;0.001), fasting for 24 hours (p&lt;0.001), self-induced vomiting (p&lt;0.001), and BMI (p&lt;0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference between behavioral risk and the presence of dental caries (p&lt;0.05) and erosion (p&lt;0.001).Conclusion:Behavioral risk for eating disorders in female adolescents was associated with standard dietary patterns, strict diet and, self-induced vomiting. Adolescents at risk / eating disorders for bulimia were related to dental caries and erosion.