Building Information Modelling Training Research Articles

BIM Adoption in MENA's Construction Industry: A Contractor's Perspective

This study delves into the multifaceted landscape of Building Information Modeling (BIM) adoption and implementation across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region's construction industry. Employing an online survey methodology, the research scrutinizes the varied profiles of contractors. Through regression analysis, the study investigates the impact of institutional pressures on the contractors’ BIM adoption, implementation, encountered barriers and challenges, expected benefits and outcomes, and related expertise and training. The analysis then extends to evaluate the interrelationships among such BIM variables. The key findings reveal significant influences of institutional pressures on BIM adoption and benefits as well as their expected benefits and outcomes but less impact on overcoming BIM barriers and challenges and enhancing expertise and training. The research highlights the limited role of BIM expertise and training in the adoption, implementation, and realization of its benefits and outcomes within the MENA construction sector. Furthermore, the study concludes that barriers, challenges, benefits, and outcomes don’t have a significant effect on BIM's adoption and implementation. The study also evaluates the primary benefits and outcomes of BIM alongside the main barriers and challenges encountered. Crucially, the research identifies and dissects the salient barriers to BIM deployment, such as awareness and expertise deficiency, financial and human resource constraints, training shortages, and resistance to change. This study not only provides a detailed snapshot of the BIM landscape but also lays the groundwork for addressing the persistent challenges and harnessing the full potential of BIM in revolutionizing construction methodologies in the MENA region. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-08-015 Full Text: PDF

Pelatihan Building Information Modeling kepada Praktisi Konstruksi di Kalimantan Selatan

Due to the rapid developments in the current digitalization era, information technology has affected almost every aspect of life. In the construction world, the influence of developments in information technology has led to the emergence of a building database concept called Building Information Modeling (BIM). The Ministry of Public Works and Housing has issued Ministerial Regulation Number 22/PRT/M/2018 and strengthened by PP Number 16 of 2021 regarding the implementation of BIM. Thus, the application of BIM in building projects, especially those owned by the government, has become necessary. Therefore, it is important to carry out BIM training to prepare human resources (HR) who can use BIM-based building design software. The BIM training was held in collaboration with the Human Settlements section of the Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency (PUPR Agency) of South Kalimantan Province. The participants were not only workers of the PUPR Agency but also construction practitioners in the South Kalimantan Province. From the pre-test results, it can be seen that the participants still lack understanding and mastery of BIM software. Meanwhile, after the BIM training was held, there was a significant increase in the participants' mastery and understanding based on the post-test results.

SLOW ADOPTION OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING: COMPARING VIEWPOINTS OF DESIGNERS AND CONTRACTORS

The slow adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology poses significant problems for the construction industry in the Middle East. The root causes of this issue are purported to include a lack of understanding of its benefits and the existence of barriers to its adoption. This study investigates the slow adoption of BIM technology in the Middle East to identify solutions to facilitate BIM adoption and approaches by which stakeholders can transform to utilizing BIM. The main objectives of this research are to: (1) examine the attitudes and readiness of construction stakeholders for BIM, (2) investigate the extent to which there is a lack of understanding of BIM benefits, (3) explore the barriers that hinder BIM adoption, and (4) identify the solutions recommended by the industry experts to promote BIM utilization. The study also compares the viewpoints of designers and contractors to identify potential differences. A questionnaire survey has been devised to gather data from stakeholder firms and experienced BIM professionals. The results revealed that the viewpoints of designers and contractors generally align, except when it comes to recognizing a few benefits such as the generation of accurate and consistent 2D drawings, achieving greater predictability in project time, enhancing communication among project stakeholders, minimizing change orders, and mitigating redesign issues. Similarly, there was a difference in recognizing a few barriers, namely, the lack of skilled personnel and the cost of training existing staff. Furthermore, the analysis led to the conclusion that the most notable advantage of BIM is improved conflict detection, and the most significant barrier is the lack of BIM training. The research culminated in offering recommendations for addressing the industry's BIM-related challenges. These suggestions encompassed raising awareness of BIM as a robust design and construction tool, supporting construction firms for adopting BIM techniques, and identifying methods to streamline the implementation process within these firms.

Beyond Knowledge Transfer: Why Building Information Modeling Requires More Than Just Knowledge for Success

The German design industry is poised to take the next step in its development when it introduced building information modeling (BIM). The German Bundestag is requiring that public construction projects be completed with BIM. Over forty training providers offer a variety of BIM training courses, yet implementation is slowing. Small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are facing the challenge of implementing BIM. This study explores how SMBs’ digital skills can be improved to implement BIM effectively. To this end, interviews with experts from nine companies were conducted and evaluated using the grounded theory. The interviewees express the view that investments in employee training can help build skills. All the same, SMBs only commit to BIM and training in response to growing demand. The interviews reveal that SMBs’ low level of knowledge is attributable to their lack of practical experience with BIM. SMBs without any prospect of a pilot BIM project do not invest in training. A major finding is that SMBs do not consider BIM training expedient – even when it is free - because they do not anticipate any demand for BIM services in the short or medium term. Public clients must consequently develop BIM expertise. The study shows how knowledge and change management research can be drawn on to establish widespread acceptance of BIM.

BIM implementation model from the standpoint of concern-based adoption theory

PurposeThis study investigated the concerns and plans of construction professionals about building information modeling (BIM) implementation, found the acceptable BIM implementation driving forces and strategies for them and developed a prescriptive BIM implementation model to help understand how BIM implementation concerns, intentions, driving forces and strategies are connected.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a positivist paradigm with a hypothetico-deductive research strategy as well as concern-based adoption theory as a conceptual lens to distinguish construction professionals (CPs)' BIM implementation concerns and intentions. This implies that the forces driving BIM implementation intentions and concerns are related to BIM implementation methods and that their concentrations are proportional to the intensity of BIM implementation strategies. A 16-item questionnaire tailored to the operations of CPs was used for data collection. The data collected from respondents were utilized to evaluate the proposed model using structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques.FindingsFindings from the data collected from the respondents revealed that CPs are concerned about the impact of BIM deployment on their time and service quality. Their main purpose was to take drives to learn more about BIM in order to pique their curiosity. Embracing the latest digital technology and beginning self-initiated BIM training are two strategies that would be quite effective in boosting BIM deployment.Research limitations/implicationsThe study identifies promising directions for future BIM implementation research and development. The study's findings imply that more theoretically motivated research, rather than just empirical research, is required to refine BIM implementation concerns.Practical implicationsThe study has implications for the professional development of CPs as well as understanding the process of implementing BIM change. The study's findings will help to understand the resource system for assessing CPs' needs and concerns and selecting personalized BIM implementation strategies.Originality/valueBefore this study, BIM-related studies had ignored the concerns and goals of the CPs when it came to implementing BIM. Using the CPs' concerns and hopes for BIM implementation, a systemic BIM implementation model was developed that would help and speed up BIM adoption.

Factor and Barrier Implementing Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Green Construction in Indonesia

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology that potential to increase effectiveness and productivity in projects. Implementing BIM in the project not only can simultaneously represent the physical modelling of a building but also can reduce waste and optimize time and resources as the aims of green construction. Nevertheless, unfortunately the level of BIM adoption in Indonesia is lower than other developing countries. The aim of this research is to analyse factors and barriers to implementing BIM to support green construction in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative research method in a questionnaire survey of 20 construction projects in Indonesia to determine the factors driving BIM adoption and barrier to BIM adoption on construction projects in Indonesia. The result finds five factors driving the implementation of BIM in Indonesia i.e requirements from the government, BIM is believed to improve performance, BIM is believed better than existing method, technology and resources readiness, and support from top management. Despite the driving factors, the implementation of BIM also has barriers i.e lack of information, lack of BIM training for workers, reluctance to change, lack of owner requirement, and high the initial cost.

An Exploratory Investigation of Implementation of Building Information Modeling in Nepalese Architecture–Engineering–Construction Industry

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has gained a lot of traction in Nepal lately due to many AEC firms’ desire to improve their productivity. This research explores the current state and potential of Building Information Modeling in the Nepalese context. The main objective of this research was to gain a holistic view of the digital design and construction approach in the AEC sectors and identify the current state of practice, future trends and opportunities, and challenges for the wider adoption of BIM in the AEC sector. A systematic survey was conducted among various AEC stakeholders; based on their responses, the status of BIM maturity is presented in this paper. We found that the lack of standards and guidelines slows stakeholders’ efforts to unify BIM implementation in projects. However, the survey results show that AEC stakeholders are eager to learn, explore, and implement BIM in their workflows of design and construction practices. The wider implementation of BIM can improve the productivity of design and construction in developing countries such as Nepal. The contributions of this research are methodological and practical. It is demonstrated in this study that qualitative and quantitative data can be integrated in different ways to allow for different avenues of analysis. The logistic regression model deployed in this study identifies the determinants of BIM use and the intensity of their effects on the future use of BIM in the Nepalese AEC industry. The findings of this study can help to formulate BIM standards and training materials that are specific to the Nepalese AEC industry.

BIM training course improving skills of Construction industry professionals

The implementation of Building Information modelling (BIM) methodology in the construction industry has been covering a wide applicability with recognized benefits in designing, constructing and operating buildings. A recent short course organized in the University of Lisbon, actualized with the most relevant achievement based in master researches, was offered to professional of the industry, namely, architects and civil engineers coming from diverse engineering areas, environment, construction, maintenance, consult and patrimonial enterprises and also from public organizations like city councils. The proposed action covers the areas of construction (conflict analysis, planning and materials take-off), structures (interoperability, analyses and transfer of information between software) and the most recent Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) perspective. The course aims to contribute to the dissemination of the potential of BIM in the areas of designing, construction and refurbishing of historical buildings. The participants followed the course with great interest and satisfaction, formulating several questions directed to the particular activity of each of the attendees.

Adopting Building Information Modelling (BIM) into Industrialised Building System (IBS) in Malaysian Construction Industry

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the development of digital models used during planning, design, construction, and operation stages of a project. Some construction players doubt the practicality in implementing this new technology. Full adoption of Industrialised Building System (IBS) project is not an easy journey. In addition, the implementation of BIM technology into IBS system will put the client's expectation at risk as it is difficult to understand the complex software. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore the adoption of BIM into IBS application in Malaysian construction industry. Among the objectives of this research are to investigate the implementation of BIM into IBS application, examine challenges in implementing BIM into IBS application and propose ways to improve the incorporation of BIM into IBS application by Malaysian construction industry players. Research data were collected through questionnaire survey and the results were analysed using SPSS software. The results showed vast majority of public and private sectors have some experience in handling IBS and BIM projects and these sectors are aware that BIM can facilitate IBS projects. However, the implementation of BIM into IBS application is still at the low level especially in private sectors. One of the challenges faced is its high cost, thus only large organisations can afford its implementation. To successfully improve the incorporation of BIM into IBS project, government should take some measures by organising awareness programs, restructuring IBS and BIM training programs, providing incentive, as well as promoting sustainability development and green construction. By doing that, the proposed measures are expected to increase the confidence of industry players to actively adopt BIM into more IBS projects in Malaysian construction industry.

Leading UK Construction Companies’ Strategies to Tackle BIM Training and Skills Challenges

ABSTRACT Widespread adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is firmly on policy agenda in several countries. Despite emphasis on governments’ ambitions for industry-wide BIM adoption, there is scant understanding about what construction firms need to do regarding training provision and how to do that to meet policy goals. There is, therefore, little evidence of how construction companies have tackled this challenge internally and on projects in existing studies. Through a qualitative research approach and case studies of two leading UK construction companies, this paper describes the different strategies that construction companies adopt to provide the requisite skills and training for their workforce and their project supplier network partners to successfully support and sustain the implementation of BIM. The findings show that successful main contractors employed an “in-house” training strategy at intra-organizational level and a “growing together” approach for their project supplier network partners. In providing BIM training, these firms tackled problems of heterogeneity in workforce digital literacy and competencies, a lack of attention to soft skills, and a lack of understanding of BIM benefits using tailored and role-specific training. These insights contribute to the growing literature on BIM training, complementing the existing literature that focuses mainly on BIM training through education.

Progress on Building Information Modeling Education and Talent Acquisition

ABSTRACT Building Information Modeling (BIM) has become the norm in most of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) companies, yet the lack of qualified BIM talent is impeding its adoption. This study revisited two previous research projects conducted in 2013 to provide an update on the changes in BIM educational strategies, and work practices which accompanied the global rise in BIM implementation over the years, and to answer the research questions: 1) how does higher education prepare students for BIM-related workplace competency, and 2) what did companies do differently in recruiting and staffing to respond to clients’ growing demands on BIM services. A survey questionnaire consolidating questions from the two studies was administered to solicit inputs from practitioners and educators. The results indicated the continued growth of BIM integration in college curricula and implementation in AEC companies. Different trends and patterns in BIM education and recruiting practices since 2013 were discussed. This study demonstrated the increased collaboration between academia and industry and improved professional BIM training and college BIM education. This study will help colleges determine the educational objectives to develop BIM talent and encourage companies to rethink their BIM talent acquisition and recruiting strategies.

Green Building Construction: A Systematic Review of BIM Utilization

As a multi-function method, Building Information Modeling (BIM) can assist construction organizations in improving their project’s quality, optimize collaboration efficiency, and reduce construction periods and expenditure. Given the distinguished contributions of BIM utilization, there is a trend that BIM has significant potential to be utilized in the construction phase of green buildings. Compared with traditional buildings, green buildings have more stringent requirements, including environmental protection, saving energy, and residents’ comfort. Although BIM is deemed an effective method to achieve the abovementioned requirements in the construction process of green buildings, there are few systematic reviews that explore the capabilities of BIM in the construction phase of green buildings. This has hindered the utilization of BIM in the construction of green buildings. To bridge this research gap and review the latest BIM capabilities, this study was developed to perform a systematic review of the BIM capabilities in the construction phase of green buildings. In this systematic review, the PRISMA protocol has been used as the primary procedure for article screening and review. The entire systematic review was performed from January 2022 to April 2022. In this process, 165 articles were included, reviewed, and discussed. Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus were adopted as the databases. Through this systematic review, it can be identified that BIM capabilities have significant advantages in project quality improvement, lifecycle data storage and management, collaboration optimization, planning, and schedule management optimization in the construction phase of green buildings. Through the discussion, it can be concluded that BIM utilization can be adopted from the pre-construction phase to the post-construction stage in the green building construction process. Besides these, the barriers to BIM utilization in the green building construction phase are also revealed in the discussion section, including the non-uniform data format, insufficient interactivity, ambiguous ownership, insufficient BIM training, and hesitation toward BIM adoption. Moreover, the challenges and future directions of BIM utilization in green building construction are identified. The findings of this study can facilitate construction personnel to be acquainted with BIM capabilities in the construction of green buildings to promote the utilization and optimization of BIM capabilities in the green building construction process.

Building Information Modelling Industry Centre of Excellence (BIM ICoE) for Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA (KKTM), Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA)

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a recent digital technology replacing traditional methods that assist the revolution of the construction industry into a digitised model full of information and an integrated computerised framework. The lack of BIM tertiary education and training in Malaysia leads to the need in developing BIM syllabus and training module for the establishment of BIM education knowledge and capabilities. Therefore, the BIM Industry Centre of Excellence (ICoE) for Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) (KKTM) places an endeavour to be established as the first BIM in Pasir Mas Kelantan. The aim of this paper is to examine the critical success factors (CSFs) of the development and implementation of the BIM ICoE for KKTM. This review paper employed scoping from the other researchers of BIM to the ICoE. The result reveals that the industry must introduce the BIM as soon as possible to encourage rapid improvement in the BIM adoption. Besides that, this BIM ICoE will be beneficial to industry players by enhancing more collaborations with MARA, which is eventually supporting the MARA Technical Vocational Education Training (TVET) strategic planning.

The University of Lisbon’s Short Professional Course in BIM: Practice, Construction, Structures and Historic Buildings

The implementation of building information modeling (BIM) methodology in the construction industry has wide applicability with recognized benefits when designing, constructing, and operating buildings. To stay competitive in business, companies are urged to recruit professionals that offer brand-new knowledge and skillsets. To meet this demand, BIM training regarding the concept, range of applications, and tools available is required within the construction profession. A recent short course organized by the University of Lisbon, Portugal, actualized with the most relevant achievements in Master’s degree research, was offered to professionals in the industry, namely, architects and civil engineers coming from diverse engineering areas such as the environment, construction, maintenance, contracting and surveyors, and from patrimonial enterprises and public organizations, as well as city councils. The proposed action covers the areas of construction (conflict analysis, planning, and material quantity), structures (interoperability, analyses, and the transfer of information between software types), and the most recent heritage building information modeling (HBIM) perspectives. The methodology used was based on the presentation of case studies related to situations of conflict between disciplines, interoperability problems, and the structural rehabilitation of old buildings. The difficulties found in the course are mainly due to the heterogeneity of the participating population, who have different interests and specific perspectives. The participants followed the course with great interest and satisfaction, formulating several questions directed at the particular field of expertise of each professional. In general, the participants indicated a positive score, and changes in response to negative feedback will be adopted in future courses. The course aims to contribute to the dissemination of the potential of BIM in the design, construction, and refurbishment of historical buildings.

Acceptance on Building Information Modelling (BIM) Training in Selangor Construction Industry: Current Trend and Impediments

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is known as one of the innovations of Information Technology (IT), globally used as a platform to promote collaborative and integrated working environments in the construction project management. The study’s major goals are to determine the existing BIM training trend and to identify impediments to BIM training acceptability in Malaysia’s Selangor construction industry. Out of 90 surveys submitted to G5 to G7 contractors, 60 completed the questionnaire completely, representing a response rate of 67 %. To acquire frequency, percentage, and mean value, the data were analysed using the statistical programme for social science (SPSS) version 26 and Microsoft Excel. These statistics from the current BIM training trend demonstrate that just a small percentage of businesses are using BIM. The majority of the. The majority of businesses lack clear BIM training initiatives. The expensive cost of software and upgrades, deploying processes and technology, and a lack of motivation and support from government and professional bodies are the most significant problems impeding BIM training uptake in the construction sector. This study supports the need for the government to provide more strategic provisions to secure the construction industry’s embrace of BIM training.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Malaysian Industrialised Building System (IBS) Construction Projects: Benefits and Challenges

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a digital depiction of a developed facility that provides an essential line of ‘integration’ in Industrialised Building System (IBS). BIM, according to the researchers, can help IBS building projects save money and improve budgeting and cost estimating. In the case of the IBS project, BIM has the ability to improve the design process. The building industry in Malaysia, on the other hand, is not progressing as predicted, contributing the least to economic productivity. In relation, BIM adoption would be a key factor of the breakthrough development of construction industry in term of the productivity and efficiency of the project delivery process. Thus, the objectives of this paper is to determine the benefits of using BIM in IBS construction and to identify the challenges of using BIM in IBS building in Malaysia. In Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, a questionnaire survey was given to 93 Grade 7 IBS contractors with BIM experience, 44 of them answered, resulting in a 47.3 percent response rate. Using SPSS software, the data was analysed using frequency analysis and the direct mean approach. According to the findings, the top five benefits of BIM implementation in the IBS industry are visualisation of design, improved cost estimating and budgeting, monitoring and controlling cash flow and cost, installation process, and initial work process, while the top five challenges of implementing BIM in the IBS construction industry in Malaysia are high costs for BIM training, BIM tools and experts, and lack of intellectual property protection. The outcome indicates that implementing BIM in IBS industry benefits the whole project delivery process from design to installation as well as cost performance. However, the financial and legal issues are the main challenges for BIM implementation in IBS industry. Thus, this study is significant in addressing both benefits and challenges of implementing BIM in IBS industry to the stakeholders and provide a perspective to catalyse the development of BIM and IBS construction industry.

Identification and Analysis of Key Barriers of BIM Application for Small- and Medium-Sized Fire Protection Enterprises.

The application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in fire protection discipline has been sufficiently proved to be useful, but has encountered many barriers in China. Among which, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are considered sensitive to adoption costs and external funding support, play a critical role in the BIM adoption process in fire protection discipline. Therefore, identifying and analyzing the barriers of BIM application are essential to help small- and medium-sized fire protection enterprises to overcome these barriers. In this study, semantic analysis, which includes word frequency analysis and coword analysis, based on literature review was utilized to identify the main barriers. 20 main barriers, which were classified into software, people, organization, and environment group, were obtained. Then, Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) approach and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) analysis were utilized to hierarchically analyze and categorize the main barriers of BIM application in Chinese SMFEs. The findings revealed that the lack of external support and the lack of BIM laws and regulations applicable to fire protection discipline are the key barriers in general for the application of BIM in SMFEs. For the barriers at the enterprise level, through further analysis and discussion based on barriers in the people and organization clusters, the lack of funding support for proper BIM training and the lack of organization culture support were concluded as the key barriers of BIM application inside the scope of SMFEs. According to 80-20 principle, more effort should be focused on the key barriers to gain maximum management effect. The research result categorizes the barriers for easy intervention of fire protection enterprises' managers and policymakers. It contributes to the nascent studies of BIM application and provides guidance for the application of BIM in fire protection discipline.

BIM Education in Higher Learning Institutions: A Scientometric Review and the Malaysia Perspective

Over the last decade, digital applications and Building Information Modelling (BIM) have been introduced in the construction industry to realize a smart construction ecosystem. However, the construction industry has not completely accepted BIM as a standard, and the concept of using BIM applications in universities has not been thoroughly researched. This paper addresses the first scientometric study of BIM education in universities, identifying the state of BIM education practices, skillsets, and the level of BIM education in universities. The paper used scientometric analysis and the VOSviewer mapping technique to assess the most impactful publication sources with the most important impact on BIM education by searching “BIM Education” and using 250 bibliographic data extracted from the Scopus database from 2011-2020 to identify the existing research gaps and research direction. Second, a structured questionnaire was distributed to 343 Year 2 and Year 3 students from two public and two private Malaysian universities that use BIM in their learning. Descriptive data analysis using cross-tabulation in SPSS and relative importance index (RII) were used to analyze the data. The paper revealed two stages of BIM education research; and identified research gaps in the fields of BIM education, architectural education, e-learning, curriculum and information management. The paper also revealed Revit, Cost X and the Glodon Cubicost software as the most used applications, while the common skillsets are design authoring, modelling, and cost estimation. However, both public and private university students mainly design 3D models at BIM Stage 1. The study recommends that institutions and other stakeholders provide continuous BIM training, purchase BIM software, and integrate BIM into the curriculum of Built Environment higher learning institutions for the next generation to be the generation that uses virtual collaborative platforms

BIM Adoption in Managing Construction Risks Amongst Malaysian Quantity Surveyors: Current Practice and Challenges

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology that has received an impetus within theconstruction industry worldwide. It has also triggered a new approach of working in quantity surveying practice,replacing the conventional methods. In term of managing risks, BIM potentially detects conflicts during visualization process at the design phase, subsequently reduces possible costs risk at the pre-construction phase.However, there are few issues to be dealt with by the construction players in integrating BIM to manage risks in construction projects such as lack of experience and skilled individuals in an organization, lack of awarenessamongst project stakeholders and the fragmented nature of the construction industry. These issues somewhathinder the technology to be implemented effectively and contribute towards the slow development of BIM in theconstruction industry in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to explore the adoption of BIM technology in managing construction risks amongst Malaysian Quantity Surveyors by investigating the current practice andidentifying its challenges. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey and the survey results were analyzed adopting descriptive analysis and Average Index by using SPSS. It was found that the current adoption of BIMtechnology in managing construction risks amongst Malaysian Quantity Surveyors is still at the low level of implementation, despite having high level of awareness on BIM usage in the construction industry. The findingsconfirmed that the challenges to adopt BIM are related to the upgrade of hardware to match with new technology,lack of clear and specific BIM guidelines, provision of BIM training for employees and high cost for newtechnology. The results should direct to the Malaysian Quantity Surveyors to be BIM-ready in improving thenumber of Quantity Surveyors of becoming experts in BIM technology to manage risks in construction projects.

Competency Requirement for Effective BIM Modeller in Design Phase of a Construction Project

Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology has been well received by the Malaysian construction industry, yet the adoption is still in stage 2. Malaysian construction industry is still in implementation of CAD to BIM in design phase. The competency of BIM Modeller in fully utilising BIM is still lacking and this has curtailed the usage of BIM during design phase. According to CIDB, in order to adopt BIM, organisations need to invest in BIM tools such as BIM modeller course. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify the benefits of competency among BIM modeller during design phase, to determine the competency needed by BIM modeller and to propose recommendation to improve BIM modeller competency during design phase. The primary data were collected from interview with 4 BIM Modeller to achieve the first and third objectives and subsequently, the second objective was achieved based on 40 received questionnaires from BIM modeller. The data analysis method used are content analysis and descriptive analysis. The results show that all respondents agreed that growing awareness, improve design, shorten timescale and reduce cost are benefits of competency among BIM modeller. The competency that important are including ability to manipulate, navigate and review a 3D model and knowledge of BIM authoring tools. Meanwhile, a few recommendations including BIM training among worker, tactical development, enhance effective collaboration, capabilities of maintaining exchanged data and mobilizing client on importance of BIM are all agreed. The competency of BIM modeller are significant in a project to improve the project design quality. It is hoped that the findings of this study could be useful as a reference to give awareness of construction industry stakeholders towards the importance of BIM modeller competency. It also can be a guide for government and other parties to improve BIM competency level for BIM modeller.