Building Enterprise Research Articles

Оценка нормативной базы стратегии восстановления и развития станкостроительной промышленности России

The article analyzes the possible causes of development problems and the inefficient use of resources allocated by the state and business for the restoration of the Russian machine tool building industry. The main barriers preventing the restoration of the industry are identified, including the applied goal-setting methodology. The work indicates that the problems of low return on investment, disruptions in the development of investments and deliveries of products to customers, as well as the excess of current cost estimates over planned ones, can be caused by the failure of regulatory documents for planning the economic activities of enterprises in the machine tool building industry, including in the field of the military-industrial complex. The implementation of import substitution plans was analyzed, indicating the results of achieving the target indicators established by the government of the Russian Federation. The influence of these plans on the results of achieving goals by other industries, for example, the military-industrial complex, is shown. The basis of the study is an analysis of the regulatory framework, which identifies the main shortcomings of legislation in the field of planning the economic activities of machine tool building enterprises, which are one of the main reasons for failures in the field of import substitution. The study shows the consequences of the listed problems in planning the activities of enterprises in the industry under study, which affect the pace and quality of implementation of the following tasks: import substitution; increasing the technological and innovative potential of our country; increasing the role of the Bank of Russia in lending to the real sector of the economy, including through subsidizing state orders. It has been proven that the existing legislation in the field of strategic planning is not focused on the development of the technical and technological base of machine tool building enterprises, and has a differentiated and non-transparent subsidizing procedure, which affects the lack of comprehensive support for the production base. As an evidence base for unrealized plans for the production of machine tool building products, a statistical analysis was carried out of the main results of the economic activities of two large holdings, JSC Stankoprom and LLC STAN. The conclusions of the article are based on the analysis of strategic planning documents of the machine tool building industry and the economic activities of leading industrial holdings. The analysis confirms the validity of the conclusions and practical recommendations. The recommendations involve the development of more transparent financing schemes for manufacturing enterprises with the enshrinement of these schemes in legislation, as well as the development of an additional list of measures to re-establish engineering schools in the field of machine building.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The theoretical bases of the formation of the organizational mechanism of management of economic safety of construction enterprises are generalized. It was noted that the current state of construction enterprises in war conditions has revealed many problems with regard to the efficiency of the use of basic funds, innovative activity and the level of automation of technological processes in the poor. All these problems significantly affect the level of provision and management of economic safety of construction enterprises. It is determined that the organizational mechanism of management of economic safety of the construction enterprise should include the interaction of two subsystems: management, which affects the level of economic security of the building enterprise, and subordinate, on which this influence is directed. Functions of the economic safety management system of the construction enterprise ensure the interaction of these systems. It was noted that the management mechanism of economic safety of the construction enterprise should ensure the development of the basic principles of the management system, the creation of the economic security service at the enterprise, the collection of necessary information and supervision of compliance with the planned indicators. On the basis of the definition of the main elements of the organizational mechanism of management of economic safety of the construction enterprise, the conclusion was made that the organization mechanism is a set of organizational components in the management mechanism (objectives, functions and tasks of management, technologies and methods of management; rules, norms and principles; organizational processes), which have a certain management influence on ensuring economic security and preserving the commercial interests of the business entity. Defined directions of the organization of the process of management of economic security, as well as requirements to the organizational structure of management. It was concluded that the formation of an organizational mechanism for the management of economic safety of construction enterprises will enable them to provide stable work, to conduct timely identification and prevention of threats, to determine their impact on enterprise activities, to take management decisions promptly to prevent or eliminate the risk of threat.

Change in dispersion of synthetic magnetite particles from the conditions of precipitation from iron sulfate-containing solutions

The paper analyzes the problems of the reagent method of wastewater treatment of machine–building enterprises, and the advantages of the magnetic sorption method in comparison with the reagent method are presented. The magnetosorption method, based on the treatment of a liquid with particles of a ferromagnetic material with the aim of sorption on their surface of substances to be extracted, has proven itself well not only in the purification of wastewater from impurities of heavy metals, but also from petroleum products, surfactants, radioisotopes, and suspended substances. The efficiency of water purification processes depends on the properties of the sorbent particles, such as dispersion, sorption capacity and magnetic properties of the particles. The paper presents the results on the dispersion of particles. Changes in the dispersion of synthetic magnetite particles obtained under various conditions, such as storage time, temperature, pH, K=[Fe2+]:[Fe3+] ratio, salt content, and nature of the precipitant, were studied. It is shown that with an increase in storage time, the number of small particles less than 10 μm decreases, and the number of large particles increases due to recrystallization processes. It has been determined that at 20 ℃ without the influence of a magnetic field, a suspension with a maximum content of particles with a diameter of 10 μm is formed, at a temperature of 40 – 70 ℃ particles with a size of 8 – 10 μm prevail in the suspension, and with an increase in the pH of the solution, the number of small particles in the suspension increases. Conversely, with an increase in salt content, the particle size increases with a decrease in the fraction of small particles by almost half. It is noted that at K = 0.8; 2.0, the largest number of particles (about 60 %) with a size of 10 μm are formed in the solution. It is shown that the maximum number of particles larger than 20 μm is formed using NaOH.

Exploration of the Path of High-Quality Development of Green Building Industry under the Dual-carbon Background

Under the background of the goal of "carbon peak, carbon neutral", green development has become a hot issue in focus, in which the new low-emission infrastructure field, mainly green building, has been vigorously invested in, which is an opportunity for the development of the green building industry, and it is urgent to solve the problem of the high-quality development path of the green building industry, and analyze the factors affecting the development of the green building industry based on the development goals and concepts. construction industry development obstacles, as well as the construction of evaluation indicators for the development of the green construction industry is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the background of double-carbon target, this topic will select some representative green building enterprises in Anhui Province as the research object; take the development of green building enterprises in Anhui Province and the data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics on the whole life cycle of green building, energy saving and energy utilization, and the growth rate of green building area as the main research data; refer to the research theories of domestic and foreign research scholars from the development of the green building industry, the industrial foundation, building products, social benefits, and the development of the green building industry as the main research data. The development evaluation index system of green building industry is constructed in accordance with the current development situation in five aspects: industrial foundation, construction products, social benefits, internationalization, and sustainable development; the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to select the indicators from the constructed development evaluation index system, and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each evaluation factor, so as to study the factors that affect the high-quality development of green building industry. At the same time, the selected indicators are quantified and the future development prospects of the industry are predicted using the Arima prediction model. It aims to provide certain reference and reference for the optimization and improvement of the development policy of green building industry in Anhui Province, and to make up for the problem that the influence factors and the degree of influence are not clear in the process of the development and construction of green building industry.

How to Build Enterprise Brand Image by Virtue of Crisis Public Relations?

As the competition in the market environment increases day by day, enterprises often encounter various types of crisis public relations events: regulatory policy changes, changes in the industry environment, competitors' malicious smears, user complaints, and other levels. Moreover, if enterprise managers face a poorly handled crisis, the enterprise brand will be ruined and lose consumers' trust. However, if the crisis is handled properly, it may also turn "crisis" into "opportunity", which is more conducive to the further development of the enterprise. In the face of a crisis, how to reasonably conduct crisis public relations to shape the enterprise's brand image? This paper will combine the research results of domestic and foreign scholars to analyze some key factors of crisis public relations faced by enterprises to effectively improve enterprises' brand image and enhance their reputation and status in public opinion.

Risk management strategies for common residential construction defects: the case of Queensland, Australia

This study investigates the defect management strategies of small and medium residential building enterprises (SMEs) in Queensland, Australia, towards developing a model for the risk management of most recurring defects. A defects causation topology retrieved from the literature is combined with the results of a questionnaire survey of 427 residential construction trade respondents and validated by a focus group of experienced building practitioners. The results show 42 taxonomies grouped into three main categories: management strategies to organizational influences, defective supervision, and preconditions for defective acts. Communication and information sharing about defects are essential, as the industry relies on individual experience to solve defects-related problems. The most recurring defects for the Builder trade are Concrete driveways and paths, guttering and eaves construction defects, and Stormwater drainage pipework installation and workmanship defects. The most popular management strategies for the Carpentry trade are cupboard installation and workmanship defects, stairs and balustrade defects, and timber doors and windows defects. The findings suggest that residential construction trades face repetitive difficulties in implementing on-site defect management strategies, with SMEs resistant to new trends and continuing to use conventional practice methods based on ‘known ways of doing things’ rather than innovation and updated defect management strategies.

Assessing Established Residential Compounds between Regulation and Reality Utilizing Space Syntax Theories

Planners and architects should be able to incorporate digital technologies and data utilization to fulfil their professional duty of speculating how people will interact and transact with urban configurations. Analysing spatial patterns and their association with social behaviour contributes to harnessing the impact of connectivity on economic, social, environmental, and land value growth. This research presents a mathematical relationship between three variables; as a result, by the transitive property, the connectivity value of every individual street in the urban spatial layout should indicate the location of the urban block according to their sizes and be related in the same manner. The research aims to investigate the following question: is there a positive of negative statistical coefficient correlation between residential plot sizes and connectivity/integration values presented by Depth Map X in two urban villages in Sulaimanya city? The first section’s findings support the transitive property discussed in the research; furthermore, the second section shows an imbalance in the quantity of residential plots of different sizes on each street, causing the effectiveness of the exploitation of urban land in the case studies to decrease, which disagrees with the standards outlined by the Iraqi Roads and Buildings Regulation and the theories of space syntax. This study contributes to the future design of similar projects in the region by emphasizing the need for the authorities to compel building enterprises to adhere to these standards.

Ecosystem approach to the strategic management of foreign trade activities of machine–building enterprises

The article presents the results of the analysis of the main trends in the innovative development of domestic machine–building enterprises, the export potential of domestic special–purpose products and machine–building products in general is considered. The main trends that must be taken into account in the strategic management of foreign trade activities of machine–building enterprises are identified. The necessity of forming an ecosystem, which includes both directly machine–building enterprises and enterprises that provide their activities, is shown, as well as its characteristics and role in improving the efficiency of strategic management of foreign economic activity in this sector of the economy. An ecosystem approach to the strategic management of foreign trade activities of machine–building enterprises is presented. The main functions and results of the functioning of the ecosystem formed in the machine–building complex are formulated. The main factors that must be taken into account when choosing strategies for foreign economic activity in the machine–building complex are determined. The direction of private and complex alternative solutions is revealed, which should include the strategy of foreign trade activities implemented in the machine–building complex. In view of the presence of many different alternative solutions related to the strategic management of foreign trade activities of machine–building enterprises within the ecosystem, the necessity of forming a controlling system is justified, which involves the creation of a single consultative structure with the participation of representatives of foreign partner companies.

Management tools of the concept of managing the development of the production-economic system of an aircraft engine building enterprise

The article presents the adoption of managerial decisions, the author proposed to take into account the limitations in the implementation of the considered concepts of lean production and responsive production. a cause-and-effect analysis of the existing problems of implementing lean manufacturing is presented. The developed concept for the development of the production and economic system of the enterprise on the principles of lean production of JSC Perm Plant Mashinostroitel is described.

The Policy Impact of Carbon Emission Trading on Building Enterprises’ Total Factor Productivity in China

Nearly 40 percent of worldwide energy and process-related CO2 emissions are produced by the construction sector. China’s construction industry is the largest in the world, with Chinese construction enterprises completing a total output value of RMB 26.39 trillion in 2020; these buildings contribute to about 20 percent of China’s overall carbon emissions and 20 percent of the global total emissions. There is an urgent need to prove whether construction enterprises are benefiting from the carbon trading policy. Compared to the traditional method, a double difference model can be used to highlight the consequences of different states of construction enterprises’ responses to carbon trading regimes. In this study, we examine the following results based on cross-sectional data collected from 2006 to 2021, from listed construction enterprises: (1) Existing carbon emission policies have had a significant impact on the improvement of construction enterprises’ total factor productivity. This improvement is more pronounced in large state-owned enterprises in particular. (2) Construction enterprises’ greater involvement in carbon trading income is most strongly influenced by their green innovation level. (3) Construction enterprises located in eastern and central China benefit significantly from carbon trading, but construction enterprises based in the west do not. The research result indicates that future incentive initiatives should pay more attention to western regions and privately owned building enterprises. The leading role of large state-owned building enterprises should be reinforced.

Analysis of the slurry and ceramic properties for investment casting obtained with domestic colloidal silica binders

The quality of cast parts produced by investment casting is largely determined by the quality of the ceramic molds. Currently, aircraft and engine building enterprises are switching to an environmentally friendly colloidal silica binders for the manufacture of ceramic molds. In this work, the dynamic and relative viscosity of slurries prepared using fused silica powder and colloidal silica binders of the VT13-02U (Vakuumteh LLC), Stavroform VS (Polymet LLC), UltraCast One + and UltraCast Prime (both Technopark LLC) manufacturers were determined. It is shown that the slurries prepared on the considered binders have similar viscosity values, and in their rheological properties they are close to Newtonian liquids. The values of dynamic and relative viscosity at a binder content of 400 mL per 1 kg of fused silica powder were ~732 mPa·s and ~380 s, respectively. With an increase in the binder content to 600 mL per 1 kg of fused silica powder, the dynamic and relative viscosity decreased to ~70 mPa·s and ~16 s, respectively. An equation was also found that relates the dynamic viscosity determined using a rotational viscometer and the relative viscosity determined using the VZ-4 viscosimeter. The mechanical properties were determined during three-point bending tests on ceramic samples obtained using slurries on the above-mentioned colloidal silica binders and fused silica stucco. Samples obtained on binders VT13-02U, Stavroform VS and UltraCast One+ showed very similar bending strength values, namely 3.5–4.3 MPa after drying and 5.8–6.1 MPa after firing. Due to the presence of a polymer addition in the binder, the ceramic samples obtained on the UltraCast Prime binder had higher values of bending strength after drying and after firing – 6.4 and 7.2 MPa, respectively. It was also shown that with an increase in the viscosity of the slurry and a decrease in the fraction of fused silica stucco, the strength of the samples increases. The lowest surface roughness was observed for samples obtained with UltraCast grade binders.

Multiagent Game of Intelligent Building Detection and Its Harm Rumor Analysis

The “14th Five‐Year” development plan of the construction industry of the Chinese government makes it clear that intelligent buildings are the general direction of future construction development. However, the occurrence of construction accidents in recent years has brought huge casualties. With the rapid development of third‐party inspection institutions, their judgment has become an important threshold for the access to smart buildings. The failure of inspection institutions to detect the renewal of leases may lead to the failure of intelligent systems, leading to the failure of construction equipment and causing major safety accidents such as the uncontrolled fall of construction elevators and the fall of tower crane items. As the supervisor of third‐party inspection institutions, government functional departments are responsible for the failure of intelligent systems. All of them undertake the important role of intelligent building security. This paper builds an evolutionary game model with government regulatory authorities, third‐party testing institutions, and intelligent construction enterprises as the three game parties, based on variables that affect the factors of the players, and discusses the possible scenarios of the stabilization strategy, which draws the following points: (1) the increase of incentives and penalties by the government is conducive to promoting the construction of high‐quality intelligent buildings and the normative behavior of the third party without intention to seek rent, but the increase of incentives will not be conducive to the government fulfilling its regulatory responsibilities. (2) The reasonable reward and punishment mechanism set by the government must meet the condition that the sum of rewards and punishments for all parties is greater than their speculative returns so as to ensure the safety of intelligent buildings in the evolving and stable market environment. (3) The accountability of the superior government for the dereliction of duty of the regulatory authorities is of great significance to enhancing the stability of enterprises in building high‐quality intelligent buildings. (4) It is also an effective way to avoid the construction of low‐quality smart buildings by improving the listed sales income of enterprises and increasing the rent‐seeking cost of enterprises. Combined with the improved SIR model, it is calculated that after the occurrence of a construction accident, when the rumor first appears, the rumor will quickly spread out of control without timely management and supervision. The conclusion of the game model provides a great reference value for the government’s regulatory behavior. The quality of the government’s regulatory behavior is directly related to the future of high‐quality development of intelligent construction and also expands the application field of evolutionary game theory and SIR theory. The government should actively manage third‐party testing institutions and intelligent building enterprises before construction accidents happen. After the accident, strict management and supervision should be carried out on well‐known bloggers before the emergence of rumors so as to reduce the possibility of standardizing individuals’ reprinting of rumors and avoid the uncontrollable negative impact in the later period, thus seriously affecting the credibility of government supervision.

Return on sales in the Czech building industry? Does firm size matter?

The presented paper explores the link between firm size and returns on sales (RoS) in Czech building companies. We examined how different business sizes relate to the return on sales, considering staff numbers and the RoS movement over a period. The CRIBIS database of CRIF Company - Czech Credit Bureau provided relevant data from 2016 to 2020, including profitable and active building enterprises. The industry analysis involves an empirical approach using industry structure analysis, return on sales analysis and observing its movement from 2016 to 2020. The industry predominantly encompasses small firms of fewer than 25 employees, exhibiting dramatic variations of the average return on sales over the period. Large companies exceeding 250 employees show complete conformity, yet their numbers are small in the construction sector. The correlation analysis revealed that the business size, i.e., staff numbers, is independent of the return on sales. The submitted work suggests a new size classification according to total assets and sales.

Regulation in Business Risk Management Based on the Provisions of the Concept of Sustainable Development for a Building Enterprise

The article deals with the issues related to the peculiarities of regulation in business risk management, based on the concept of sustainable development for the building enterprise. According to the research results, the principles of increasing the efficiency of implementation of the investment project of the building enterprise, taking into account the risks in the conditions of sustainable development, are proposed. At the same time, the analysis of indicators that characterize the evaluation of the efficiency and the quality of investments in the system of investment projects, taking into account risks, is especially relevant for building enterprises. An optimization task was formulated to ensure the sustainability of the project portfolio for the building enterprise, taking into account the four project systems, which are components of the portfolio and are focused on: adaptation of technological process; integration of communication networks as design objects; unification of regulatory and technical support documentation (regulations and standards); modernization of the system of sustainable development values.

When Nationalism Encounters the COVID-19 Pandemic: Understanding Chinese Nationalism From Media Use and Media Trust

ABSTRACT COVID-19, as a major public health crisis, has triggered nationalism to different degrees all around the world. This study utilises an online survey to explore the relationships between media use, media trust, and nationalism in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that the level of nationalism was still considerably high in China at the time of the pandemic and that the role of the media in nation-state building enterprises remains significant. It becomes more pervasive after the news media's adoption of digitalisation. Our study argues that contemporary China's expression of nationalism is socially constructed by media and rooted in its Chinese Confucian culture. Meanwhile, the Chinese government is increasingly designing the news media and manages social media. It has already successfully constructed a sense of nationalism to facilitate its own interests in response to the national crisis. This has led nationalism being embodied in the media's constructed social reality.

Decision-making in the conditions of introduction of automated design systems of technological processes in enterprises of oil machine building

To ensure the effectiveness of professional activities in the face of increasing requirements for the scope of design work and production preparation time, computer-aided design of technological processes (CAD of TP) systems are used. However, there is a problem of safe implementation of CAD of TP. The aim of the study is to develop a decision-making methodology for adapting CAD of TP to the conditions of oil machine building enterprises and to the work of personnel based on a systematic approach to threat analysis. The methodology includes methods for choosing CAD of TP, using text and graphic prompts when entering information, as well as applying methods for unifying various CAD systems and adapting them to enterprise conditions at the database level. The results of the study are implemented in CAD for operations performed on multi-spindle horizontal automatic lathes and are used at South Ural State University and Azerbaijan Technical University. Keywords: technological process, computer-aided design, decision making, design methods, ways of adaptation, oil machine building.

The essence of sales activities of machine–building enterprises

The essence of sales activities of machine–building enterprises

Monitoring Risk Management in the System of Values of Sustainable Development of a Construction Company

The article reveals the issues, related to monitoring risk management in the system of values of sustainable development of a construction enterprise. According to the results of the study, the information technology for the model of business risk management in the system of values of sustainable development was improved, taking into account the interpenetrating continua, as well as the results of diagnosing the parameters of building structures, obtained as a result of monitoring. The information technology is based on a three-continuum econometric model for the analysis of the pace of diagnostics of construction companies under the condition of their sustainable development. The principles of increasing the efficiency of the innovative project of the building enterprise, taking into account monitoring of the information (news, data) concerning functioning of production are offered. The article defines the criterion of management efficiency for the construction enterprise on the basis of the three-continuum model, which provides conditions of observance of stable conditions of the system of values of sustainable development, taking into account the criteria of durability and reliability of designs, and also the injection technology focused on restoration of serviceability of the concrete and reinforced concrete constructions, which are used in the conditions of corrosion-mechanical destruction.

Possibilities of Detecting Pre-clinical Forms of Atherosclerosis During Periodic Preventive Inspections in Organized Collectives at Workers of Machine Building Enterprises

Aim. To study the structural and functional features of the carotid and femoral arteries using ultrasound duplex scanning of them in patients with hypertension undergoing periodic preventive medical examination.Material and methods. Periodic preventive examination was carried out for 2431 employees (1311 men and 1120 women) aged 20-65 years using a specially developed questionnaire, blood pressure measurement, anthropometry, total cholesterol test. Hypertensive men were assessed for preclinical manifestations of atherosclerosis by ultrasound duplex scanning of the carotid and femoral arteries.Results. Hypertensive men (BP ≥140/90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive drugs; n=176, mean age 43.5 years) were included in the study. An increase in the thickness of the intima-media complex in the carotid arteries was found in 22.2% (n=38) people, in the femoral arteries – in 34.1% (n=60) people, in both basins – in 16.5% (n= 29) man. Atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries were found in 40.3% of people (n=71), and in the femoral arteries – in 34.7% (n=61) of people, in both pools – in 23.9% (n=42) of men.Conclusion. Ultrasound diagnostic using modern ultrasound scanners is a highly informative method for non-invasive diagnosis of atherosclerosis in the arteries of the carotid and femoral basins in employees of a large industrial enterprise with arterial hypertension in the conditions of the medical and sanitary department. Carrying out these diagnostic approaches is advisable when organizing periodic medical examinations in order to improve primary prevention, as well as to prevent the aggravation of the identified pathological process, reduce complications, improve quality and increase life expectancy.

Assessment of environmental safety of the population in Kemerovo region

An increase in the volume of mining, large power plants, metallurgy, chemistry and machine building enterprises, as well as an increase in the number of motor vehiles in Kuzbass have a negative impact on the ecological state of the region, which, in turn, negatively affects the well-being and health of the population. According to the World Health Organization, 30–40% of life expectancy depends on the quality of the environment. The purpose of the study is to assess the environmental safety for the population of Kemerovo region. Using various research methods, statistical data were studied and summarized, regulatory documents were analyzed, and comparisons and calculations of environmental indicators were made. In particular, the risks of exposure to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic substances were calculated. The hazard coefficient was used to determine to what extent the presence of each pollutant in the air has a negative impact, and which organ of the human body is exposed to the negative impact. The absence of a threat to public health was revealed. However, it is necessary to control emissions, since the risk can exceed the acceptable level. Possible sources of negative impacts are compared with the list of pollutants in the air. Measures to reduce the negative impact of pollutants on the environment on the example of Kemerovo were suggested.