Building Corridor Research Articles

Installation and Construction Techniques for Elevated Corridors in High-Rise Buildings

Installation and Construction Techniques for Elevated Corridors in High-Rise Buildings

Impinging ceiling flame behaviors induced by wall-attached gaseous fuel fires at one end in a narrow building corridor: Different phases and generalized correlations

This work investigated the flame extension behavior after impinging upon a ceiling induced by wall-attached fires at the closed end in a narrow building corridor. Experiments were conducted in a reduced scale corridor with one end closed and the other opened, under various fire heat release rates and source-ceiling heights (from 0.05 m to 0.50 m) of totally 353 test conditions. The flame morphological characteristic parameters involving the flame extension length in the center of the ceiling and in the two sides were measured and analyzed comprehensively. By a careful observation, it was found that, as the fire heat release rate increased or the source-ceiling height decreased, the ceiling flame extension behavior can be divided into different behavior phases: the flame spreads to the two sides after impinging the narrow building ceiling; flame extends longitudinally after reaching side walls, presenting a semi-elliptical shape; flame in the two sides extends farther than that in the center of the ceiling, presenting a “U” shape; and flame presents a cellular structure (the fire source is near the building ceiling). The dimensionless critical fire heat release rates for the transition of these phases were identified, and non-dimensional correlations were obtained for the prediction of flame extension lengths of different phases. This work provides new observations of different phases and generalized correlations for impinging ceiling flame behaviors induced by wall-attached gaseous fuel fires at one end in a corridor.

Investigation on the Natural Convection Inside Thermal Corridors of Industrial Buildings

The installation of successional heating devices in industrial buildings will result in thermal corridors. To improve the thermal environment in and around these corridors, buoyancy-driven ventilation is commonly utilized to dissipate heat, which is based on the natural convection design for buildings. However, the flow and heat exchange patterns of natural convection related to thermal corridors have not been clearly clarified, and no relevant correlations have been established to quantify them. The conducted numerical study aimed to analyze the flow and heat transfer characteristics of natural convection within thermal corridors in industrial buildings. Experimental data were utilized to validate a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model developed for this purpose. The study considered the influence of various parameters on the results obtained. In the side corridor, the prevalence of reverse flow dominates much of the channel, while in the middle corridor, reverse flow near the bottom corner is observed. The ambient air temperature significantly impacts the temperature distribution in both corridors. Increasing the ambient air temperature at the inlet from 22 to 28 °C results in a substantial temperature rise within the corridor, by approximately 6–7 °C. When the outlet size is constant and the inlet size drops by 30%, the air temperature in the corridor increases by 3 °C. Finally, correlations were established based on the simulation data to predict the surface-averaged Nu¯ of the heated wall and the induced mass flow rate, m˙, of the natural convection. The correlations have relative errors of less than 16% when compared to the simulation data.

Assessing vertical green walls for indoor corridors in educational buildings and its impact outdoor: A field study at the universities of Canada in Egypt

Developing Green Walls (GW) within the architectural realm involves integration of diverse functions to optimize the indoor performance of the GW, and outdoor in campus buildings. The methodology is fundamentally rooted in the selection and fulfillment of strategic incorporation of additional function-based GW design to various performance aspects through contextual design solutions. This approach is particularly crucial in the education sector, on utilizing GW to educate students as occupants in integrating gardening, ecology, botany, and beyond in their studies for decreasing the environmental pollution for new generations, to feel by environment indoor in accomplishing way for sustainability perceptions.The aim of the study is to assess the effective resources influencing vertical green walls needed for educational buildings to reduce the effect of indoor heat, to upgrade its air quality, simultaneously decreasing noise pollution to avoid the energy consumption. The Educational GW should be accessible easily, either by installing them naturally in accessible locations with appropriate heights or by designing the facilities to increase the student's integration with GW natural environment that will reflect on their academic progress and health. The study aims to assess the effect of green wall installation in the universities of Canada in Egypt campus in the heat gain reduction, energy consumption, CO2 emission reduction by using the Design-Builder simulation program to measure the effect of green wall installation in corridors and inner courtyard at the hottest period of the year (August 2:00 p.m.) and how it can decrease the cooling loads by 10.95 %:19.14 %, heating loads by 4.8 %:12.94 %, CO2 emission by 13 %:28.43 % and the monthly electricity bill by 35:41.5 % measuring the vertical greening cost in relative to short and long period as a needed sustainable technology to reduce building demand significantly.

KAJIAN POLA SIRKULASI MANUSIA TERHADAP KENYAMANAN PENUMPANG KERETA REL LISTRIK PADA STASIUN TANAH TINGGI KOTA TANGERANG

Technological progress develops rapidly from time to time. Railways as a mode of transportation, especially mass transportation, cannot be separated from other modes of transportation used in the national transportation system which have their own characteristics and advantages of mass transportation. Train stations also need to further develop their potential and improve good human circulation patterns so that passengers feel comfortable. As a transit point, Tanah Tinggi Station is a class III/small train station which only has 2 railroad tracks located in Tanah Tinggi, Tangerang City. However, circulation at stations can be very ironic when public facilities at stations do not pay much attention to the use of circulation for users of rail services. The author sees many problems that arise related to human circulation for the comfort of Electric Rail Train passengers at Tanah Tinggi Station, Tangerang City. This study aims to provide an overview of human circulation patterns and spatial planning, especially at the Tanah Tinggi station, so as to obtain the concept of circulation patterns and good spatial planning to increase passenger comfort. On This research uses descriptive analysis methods carried out in 3 ways, namely, literature studies, conducting surveys of research objects, and conducting interviews with users and managers of the highland station. The research was conducted in 5 sections, (1) the main entrance of the building, (2) supporting building corridors, (3) counters, (4) ticketing areas, and (5) platforms. It can be said that the results of the analysis carried out were not good enough for passengers because they have not been able to meet the standards and eligibility according to the regulations so that the ease of circulation for pedestrians to move can be disrupted and uncomfortable.

Analysis of Lidar Actuator System Influence on the Quality of Dense 3D Point Cloud Obtained with SLAM

Mobile mapping technologies, based on techniques such as simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) and surface-from-motion (SfM), are being vigorously developed both in the scientific community and in industry. They are crucial concepts for automated 3D surveying and autonomous vehicles. For various applications, rotating multiline scanners, manufactured, for example, by Velodyne and Ouster, are utilized as the main sensor of the mapping hardware system. However, their principle of operation has a substantial drawback, as their scanning pattern creates natural gaps between the scanning lines. In some models, the vertical lidar field of view can also be severely limited. To overcome these issues, more sensors could be employed, which would significantly increase the cost of the mapping system. Instead, some investigators have added a tilting or rotating motor to the lidar. Although the effectiveness of such a solution is usually clearly visible, its impact on the quality of the acquired 3D data has not yet been investigated. This paper presents an adjustable mapping system, which allows for switching between a stable, tilting or fully rotating lidar position. A simple experiment in a building corridor was performed, simulating the conditions of a mobile robot passing through a narrow tunnel: a common setting for applications, such as mining surveying or industrial facility inspection. A SLAM algorithm is utilized to create a coherent 3D point cloud of the mapped corridor for three settings of the sensor movement. The extent of improvement in the 3D data quality when using the tilting and rotating lidar, compared to keeping a stable position, is quantified. Different metrics are proposed to account for different aspects of the 3D data quality, such as completeness, density and geometry coherence. The ability of SLAM algorithms to faithfully represent selected objects appearing in the mapped scene is also examined. The results show that the fully rotating solution is optimal in terms of most of the metrics analyzed. However, the improvement observed from a horizontally mounted sensor to a tilting sensor was the most significant.

Home gardening in Singapore: A feasibility study on the utilization of the vertical space of retrofitted high-rise public housing apartment buildings to increase urban vegetable self-sufficiency

In land-scarce cities, high-rise apartment buildings may provide vertical spaces for natural-light home gardening along corridors, rooftops, balconies as well as façades. The vertical space can improve not only urban environmental sustainability but also food security. Using an experimental approach, we investigated the food production potential of a high-rise public housing apartment building based on different gardening systems, food crops, and sunlight availability. A gardening prototype system for building corridors was shown to increase the unit area yield of corridor gardening by fivefold compared to a commercial trough planter system. Additionally, this commercial trough planter system was mainly for leafy vegetable production, whereas the gardening prototype system for corridors is also suitable for climbing crops, such as legumes and cucurbits. Nevertheless, because of the limited space along corridors of the apartment building and the relatively low-light levels on average, corridor gardening was estimated to meet only 0.5 % of the demand for vegetables of the residents living in the apartment building. Rooftop gardening with shallow growing medium (depth < 15 cm) was estimated to meet 3 % of demand, and façade gardening 43 %, given the larger space available. Although the vegetable production potential in this study was estimated based on a particular typology of public housing apartment buildings in Singapore, our results showed that vegetable production in public housing apartment buildings is feasible, and home gardening can produce a substantial amount of vegetables for consumption if well deployed. Governments of highly urbanized cities may wish to invest in better home garden designs for high-rise public housing apartment buildings and encourage residents’ participation in home gardening, which would increase high-rise greenery coverage and improve urban food system resilience. Future studies should also investigate the environmental sustainability and food safety aspects of home gardening in highly urbanized cities.

Revitalizing College Building Corridors with Skylights

Revitalizing College Building Corridors with Skylights

PEDESTRIAN INERTIAL NAVIGATION ALGORITHM BASED ON SCENE RECOGNITION

Abstract. As indoor location-based services become increasingly essential to people's daily life, it is necessary to build a stable and accurate indoor pedestrian positioning system. The foot-mounted inertial navigation system can provide a short-term robust solution but suffer from error accumulation over time. To alleviate this issue, this paper proposes a pedestrian inertial navigation algorithm based on scene recognition to reduce the heading drift. Based on the hypothesis that corridors in buildings are generally narrow and straight and pedestrians have a high probability to walk in straight lines in corridors, we use a scene recognition model to assist foot-mounted INS. When the scene recognition model determines that the pedestrian is walking in a corridor, a straight-line constraint will be implemented to reduce the heading drift and improve the observability of the vertical gyroscope bias. Experiments show that the algorithm can effectively improve the navigation performance and the observability of vertical gyroscope bias when the sensor biases are significant.

Buoyancy-driven natural ventilation characteristics of thermal corridors in industrial buildings

The continuous setup of heating plants such as kilns and boilers may form thermal corridors in industrial buildings resulting in high air temperature, which could be harmful to workers. To solve these problems, this study presents an investigation of the buoyancy-driven natural ventilation of a high-temperature corridor via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. First, a field measurement was conducted in a typical thermal corridor of a ceramic factory to define the boundary conditions for the simulation. Then, a CFD model was established and validated using reduced-scaled model experimental data. Next, the flow and temperature fields of the thermal corridor under buoyancy-driven natural ventilation were examined using the verified model. It was shown that the natural ventilation in the side corridor is generated by an asymmetric heat channel, and the flow in the main corridor belongs to the natural convection of a semi-closed square heating cavity. Finally, the single-story industrial building aspect ratio was fixed at 3.3, and five different parameters of building and heating plant setups on the natural ventilation in corridors were analysed. For example, the heat source and air opening aspect ratios varied from 12.5 to 50 and from 25 to 100, respectively. The results indicated that the height of the heat source bottom has a more significant effect on the indoor thermal environment than other situations. The maximum ventilation flow rate was observed at the heat source position zs/H = 0.04 and opening position H0/H = 0.05. When the overhead height zs/H reached 0.08, the flow in the main corridor turned to a symmetric heat channel, and the temperature in this region decreased sharply. This research can provide a reference for the natural ventilation design of high-temperature corridors in factories.

Arboviral vectors dispersal and density in storey buildings: the association of light intensity and air temperature.

Aedes mosquito is the most common arboviral vector in the tropic and subtropic regions that it was dispersed in high-rise buildings up to many storeys. A study reported that similar condition in Indonesia is still limited, although the high-rise buildings are also growing rapidly throughout the country. This study aimed to understand the dispersal and density index of Aedes mosquitoes among storey buildings at the campus of Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among four of nine-storey buildings. Eight ovitraps were placed in each storey to collect the mosquito eggs by placing them along the building corridor and near the toilet rooms. Ovistrip from each ovitrap was collected every three days, and the attached mosquito eggs were observed and counted under a microscope in the laboratory to calculate the density index. Aedes mosquitoes were found in all buildings up to the highest storey where the Ovitrap Index (OI) is the opposite of height, while the Eggs Density Index (EDI) differs according to the location of the building. OI at the 1st and 4th floor ranged between 63-100% and 38-50%. Eggs density was associated with the light intensity and air temperature. Two Aedes species were identified where Aedes aegypti was more dominant than Aedes albopictus. All high-rise buildings are exposed to Aedes mosquitoes, thus opening up opportunities for dengue virus transmission. Further study is necessarily conducted to understand the inter-storeys migration pathway of mosquitoes, preference habitats, and the highest storey exposed for control.

Bee Guilds’ Responses to Urbanization in Neotropics: A Case Study

The consequent deforestation of urban sprawl is one of the causes of the decline of wild bee communities. In this context, urban green areas (UGA) may play an important role and constitute refuge areas for bees. This study analyzed the influence of UGA conditions and their surroundings in bee guilds’ responses in a medium-sized Brazilian city (Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ). The bees were sampled for 12 months (2017–2018) in 12 UGAs, and bee abundance and species richness were evaluated in guilds considering: nesting behavior, nesting site, and trophic specialization. We used as explanatory variables conditions of UGAs—the number of trees (NT), diameter at breast height (DBH), flower cover (FC), plant richness (PR), percentage of paving (PV)—and of their surroundings—paving (SPV) and the number of buildings (NB). Results showed 80% of eusocial bees, 82% nest in cavities, and 99% were generalists. FC, DBH, and NB mainly explained the responses of different guilds in study areas from all explanatory variables. Thus, this study confirms different responses associated with bee guilds’ attributes. In order to conserve bee diversity, city planning must include more green areas with large flower covers and avoid long corridors of high buildings that can impact bee dispersion.

Research on Indoor Thermal Environment of Building Corridor Based on Numerical Simulation

As an important connecting structure between modern buildings, because of its closed structure and high frequency of people’s passing, the local “greenhouse effect” formed by solar radiation causes strong discomfort to human body during the summer in northern China. In this paper, a building corridor in Tianjin is modelled by CFD, and the internal environment of the building corridor is simulated by turbulence model, heat transfer model and radiation model. It is found that K - ε model and DO radiation model in the numerical method can be used to simulate the internal thermal environment and solar radiation conditions of the building corridor. According to the distribution of air temperature and velocity in the corridor, a new type of building should be proposed in further study.

Characteristics and community perception on mitigation of Human-Tapanuli Orangutans conflict around Dolok Sipirok Natural Reserve, South Tapanuli

The frequency of human-tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) conflict has been increased with the widespread on degradation and fragmentation at Batangtoru Forest, South Tapanuli Regency. Orangutans often come on community lands to look for food, especially while the durian fruit season. This study aims to obtain information on socio-economic characteristics and public perception index to mitigate on human-tapanuli orangutan conflict around the Dolok Sipirok Nature Reserve, South Tapanuli Regency. Data was collected using a questionnaire distribution, interviews and descriptive observations, starting from October 2019 to January 2020. Respondents were selected by purposively sampling method, i.e. people had met and interacted with orangutans as many as 61 respondents from three villages. Data analyzed using frequency tables, likers scale and spearman rank correlation. The results showed that the community is Muslim majority, productive age, education below senior high school, farmers and income below IDR. 4,000,000. The public perception has declared orangutans as animals that consume community plants. They will drive away the orangutans found in processed land. The perception of conflict mitigation has strongly agreed with the program that must be done including providing compensation for losses, increasing patrol programs, developing local wisdom and building corridors in state forests. The characteristics were a significant (α <0.01) influence on the perception index assessment i.e. the level of education, household member and family income.

Control method of mechanical smoke emission in high-rise building corridor

The traditional method has a large control error in the corridor mechanical smoke control method. Therefore, a multi-task convolutional neural network-based high-rise building corridor mechanical smoke control method is proposed. Through the mechanical smoke exhaust principle of high-rise building corridors, the threshold of mechanical smoke exhaust is set to predict the mechanical smoke exhaust volume of high-rise building corridors. The movement of mechanical smoke in high-rise building corridors is simulated according to fire dynamics simulator to determine the turbulence state of mechanical smoke in high-rise building corridors. Input the mechanical smoke exhaust data of high-rise building corridors into the multi-task convolutional neural network to complete the mechanical smoke exhaust control of high-rise building corridors. Experimental results show that the maximum accuracy of this method is about 98%, and the control time is always less than 1 second.

Analysis of daylighting characteristics and optimization of space design dimensions in typical building corridors

Incorporating sufficient daylight is an effective and green design strategy to improve visual comfort, energy-efficiency and sustainable building developments. However, there are more artificial lighting consumption, more cooling load and less visual comfort in internal corridors of most buildings due to the shortage of daylight. In this paper, three methods comprising questionnaire survey, numerical simulation and field measurement were integrated to study the daylighting characteristics and the critical length of the corridor with an end window or an open room in daylighting design. It began with a questionnaire survey to understand the subjective perception of the building’s users on the lighting status, daylighting importance and daylighting preference in the internal corridor. Then the daylighting performance of the building corridors with the end window and the open room was simulated by Ecotect, and the analysis of the simulation data was performed through SPSS. Two models were developed for predicting the daylighting critical length of the corridors. Furthermore, a comparison of the field measurement data and the predicted results was carried out to validate the models. The results indicated that the developed models have the better accuracy and can be referred to as a guide for the initial daylighting design of buildings.

PARTICIPATORY IMAGE-BASED MODELS’ ALIGNMENT FOR RECONSTRUCTING A LARGE-SCALE INDOOR MAPPING

Abstract. In this paper, we introduced a recently developed image-based model alignment technique for 3D reconstruction of large-scale indoor corridors. The proposed participatory model alignment technique enables crowd source single image-based modeling since it allows various participants to incorporate their images taken from different cameras for large-scale indoor mapping. This technique is robust against changes of camera orientation and prevents miss-association of a newly generated 3D model to the previously integrated models. To investigate the possibility of aligning two individual 3D models, their respective corridor topological graphs must match, and they need to geometrically transform into the same object space. Here 3D affine transformation is applied, and the transformation parameters are estimated through corresponding vertices of both 3D models. Having integrated two models in the same 3D space, they will be back projected into the image space for evaluation using Direct Linear Transformation. Note that the proposed method performs layout model matching in image space and considers information including layout topology and geometry as well as image information to address model alignment. The advantages of using layout information in the proposed alignment technique are twofold. First, a metric constraint is imposed to insure topological model consistency and balance 3D models scale issues. Second, it will reduce alignment ambiguity related to indoor corridor scenes, where the scene is enriched with multiple structural elements including various corridors junctions. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we have performed the experiments on a data set collected from Ross building corridors at York University. This dataset includes single images captured by a handheld wide-angle camera. The obtained results present the ability of the proposed method in alignment of single image-based 3D models while producing limited geometric errors.

From Affect to Spontaneity

Purpose: This article aims to make a comparison between two profound thinkers, educationalist, Jewish one is Spanish origin Northern European Baruch Spinoza (born 1632, died 1677) and the other is Mid Europe psychiatrist, Jacob Levy Moreno (born 1889, died 1974).Method: Qualitative research methods were used to prepare this manuscript. Two main books and thirty-six scientific articles which are relevant to this study were scrutinized carefully to find out why their study domains are so crucial in modern daily life. Content and thematic analysis were used to draw a general look for two theorists. Maxqda computer program used for analyses.Findings: From math studies to explain the universe, optical illustrations to make near objects in distance are the main concerns of Spinoza. Starting in medical help especially psychiatry to cue psychology mall adaptive behaviors and psychodrama to understand behaviors of routine in everyday life are the concerns of Moreno. Both philosophers are studied for understanding the interactions of objects to help people. This is also the modern life’s societies not only in research places such as in academics but also to rise modern people in schools.Implications for Research and Practice: Comparison between Spinoza and Moreno is the main aim in overall. It is recommended that all of the subjects, objects related to human interactions should carry onboard human interaction. Affection based interactions should be done in all settings. All people should be taken part in such intense human interactions to make a more meaningful life not only in intuitions such as school but also in daily life such as any meeting such as in public building corridors. It is concluded that Spinoza means affection and Moreno means spontaneity. How our affection and spontaneity affecting our daily life, expectancy from life and life from us can be a starting point for investigations.

Lift monitoring and analysis of multi-storey corridors in buildings

Based on the steel corridor of the first-stage construction for Panzhihua City Government Service Centre, this paper introduces the integral lifting scheme of multi-storey long-span beam grillage steel corridor. To ensure the safety and stability in the lifting process of steel corridor construction and to prevent sudden overload from affecting the later normal use, the finite element simulation of steel corridor before lifting and real-time monitoring during the lifting process were carried out. The results of finite element simulation were compared with the stress and deflection data monitored in real time. It shows that the numerical data obtained from the finite element methods (FEM) are slightly larger than those from the actual monitoring. It follows that the results obtained from FEM for the lifting is safer, the data obtained from FEM and monitoring agree with each other, and, accordingly, the study shows that the monitoring approach is applicable. The integral lifting scheme and monitoring approach presented here can be used as an interesting reference for similar projects. • The integral lifting scheme of multi-storey beam grillage steel corridor is reasonable. • The method of monitoring stress and deflection data is simple and practical. • The remote monitoring system ensures the safety of the monitors. • Deflection monitoring device is a new inventive device. • The monitoring data are in good agreement with the finite element simulation data.

Simulation study on the influence of ventilation conditions on temperature distribution in a narrow space

Taking a college building corridor as an example, the fire simulation software FDS is used to study the fire characteristics of narrow space. By creating a numerical model, the temperature field in the space is monitored, moreover the effect of ventilation conditions on the distribution of temperature in the channel is researched to provide a reference for the setting of the temperature detector in the channel.