Budget Code Of Ukraine Research Articles

THEORETICAL BASIS OF LOCAL BUDGET EXPENDITURES AS AN INSTRUMENT OF FISCAL POLICY AND A COMPONENT OF PUBLIC FINANCE

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of local budget expenditures as an instrument of fiscal policy and a component of public finances. Methodology of research. The research is based on the use of scientific developments of financiers on the issues of local finance, budgeting and regional policy. For the scientific understanding of the theoretical basis of local budget expenditures as a financial instrument and a component of public finance, the research used special and general scientific methods – analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction, systematization, argumentation, in particular: dialectical, monographic, analysis and synthesis – to study the theoretical basis of local budgets; dialectical approach – to interpret the concept of “local budget expenditures”; graphical – to visually display the content of the phenomena and processes under study; abstract and logical – in the formation of theoretical generalizations, assumptions, and conclusions. Findings. The economic essence is revealed and, based on the use of methodological tools of modern financial science, a comprehensive theoretical and methodological approach to the disclosure of the essence of «local budget expenditures» is formed. The functional purpose of local budget expenditures is clarified. The expediency of adherence to the principles of local budget expenditures is argued and the most important of them are highlighted. The modern forms of budget financing are characterized, which made it possible to systematize the types of local budget expenditures depending on the forms of their implementation. The author proposes approaches to solving an important problem of local self-government bodies - lack of full budgetary resources for the provision of public services. Originality. The theoretical principles of spending local budgets in the conditions of public finance reform are summarized. Based on the use of the methodological tools of the dialectical approach to understanding the essence of local budget expenditures, a comprehensive approach to this definition is formulated. The authors have improved scientific approaches to identifying the functional purpose of local budget expenditures, principles and forms of their implementation. Practical value. The substantiated conclusions and proposals made it possible to develop the conceptual apparatus of financial science, to improve the theoretical and methodological approaches to the implementation of local budget expenditures. Implementation of the proposals on the expediency of distinguishing in the Budget Code of Ukraine between local budget expenditures for the implementation of delegated and own powers of local governments and specifying the sources of financial support for these types of powers will help to ensure that public services are fully funded. Key words: budget expenditures, local budget expenditures, public finance, principles of budget expenditures, forms of budget expenditures, estimated financing, transfer financing, financial resources of local governments, fiscal policy.

Peculiarities of the subject matter of dispute in cases related to the application of penalties for violation of budget legislation

Based on a comprehensive systemic analysis, the article examines the theoretical and legal framework which determines the specifics of the subject matter of dispute in cases involving the application of penalties for violation of budgetary legislation. The study uses general scientific methods and methods of private scientific cognition - formal logical, formal legal, historical and legal, comparative legal, and systemic and structural methods. Based on the analysis of current legislation and current case law, the author concludes that the subject matter of a dispute in cases involving the application of penalties for violation of budgetary legislation should be understood as the object of legal relations which became the basis for filing a lawsuit in court; the subject matter of a dispute determines the scope and boundaries of the claims and demands made by the parties to the litigation; determining the subject matter of a dispute is an important task for the parties to the litigation and further consideration of the case, since it identifies the problematic issues which the court It is noted that the subject matter of a dispute in cases involving the application of penalties for violation of budget legislation depends on the specific circumstances of each case considered by the court and may vary due to the non-exhaustive list of penalties for violation of budget legislation. The author points out that Ukrainian courts generally understand the subject matter of a dispute as the issue of determining the legitimacy and legality of a decision made by an authority (a body exercising control over compliance with budget legislation) to apply to a participant in the budget process measures of influence for violation of budget legislation provided for by the Budget Code of Ukraine and/or the Law on the State Budget of Ukraine. Attention is drawn to the need for courts to clearly define the subject matter of the dispute when considering a case in order to properly investigate all the circumstances of the case and make a decision based on the rule of law, which is lawful and reasonable.

Procedure for amending the law on the state budget of Ukraine: current state of legal regulation

The published article is determined for studying such a question as the latest changes to the procedure for introducing amendments to the current law on the annual budget of Ukraine during its validity, in connection with Ukraine's fulfillment of its obligations to the International Monetary Fund. The purpose of this article is analyzing of the latest amendments to the current law on the annual budget of Ukraine during its operation as part of the budget process and their legislative regulation as part of budget legislation. The authors analyzed the procedure for making changes to the Law on the State Budget of Ukraine in accordance with the Budget Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine " On the Rules of Procedure of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine " No. 1861-VI dated February 10, 2010. The authors studied the procedure for creating expert opinions on draft laws by the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. The main attention was given to the characterization of the procedure for making changes to the Law on the State Budget of Ukraine as a holistic process, which is regulated by various legislative acts at various stages.

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE BUDGET UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE

The article is devoted to the substantiation of scientific approaches to the formation of the state budget in the modern conditions of Ukraine's martial law. The object of the study is regulatory and analytical support for the formation and implementation of the budget as an integral basis of macroeconomic forecasting. The purpose of the work is to study the key issues related to the formation of the budget and outline the main directions for increasing its role as a financial basis for ensuring the economic development of the country with an emphasis on the main priorities of budget expenditures in the conditions of martial law. The research method is a theoretical and analytical substantiation of the processes of formation and implementation of the country's budget in the conditions of martial law. In the period of long-term martial law in Ukraine, when processes of reducing revenues and expenditures of various types of budgets are taking place at the same time, this indicates the extreme urgency of taking into account a number of features regarding the formation and implementation of the country's budget with justification of all real sources of resource provision. The scientific article summarizes the issues of the role and place of the budget in the system of macroeconomic forecasting, considers the actual aspects of the implementation of the budget according to its main components for a number of years and during the period of military operations on the territory of Ukraine, and proposes an algorithm in compliance with the principle of balance, which is decisive in the budget system. The authors proposed their own vision of the economic content of the budget as a category in the conditions of martial law, with further interpretation of this concept in the corresponding, soon-to-be-created regulatory framework for the regulation of budgetary relations and budgetary restrictions on the formation and use of budget resources in wartime conditions, as a separate of the section in the Budget Code of Ukraine.

Legal support of budget investment: directions of improvement

The need to introduce modern financial instruments in the development of Ukraine’s economy requires the organization and legal support of various forms of investment activity. State support for investment activities is based on budget investments and is carried out on the basis of budget legislation, but the practice of budget investment shows inconsistencies and inconsistencies in terminology, forms and tools of legal regulation of investment activities. The Government of Ukraine has determined that strong investment activity in Ukraine requires consideration and implementation of modern regulations.
 It is emphasized that there is no concept of “investment budget” in the current legislation, inconsistencies in the legal mechanism of their implementation, as well as analysis of the economic situation in some countries with different levels of gross product. low-income countries, the efficient use of public investment is problematic. It is established that budget investments have a special financial and legal nature, are regulated by financial and legal norms and a definition is provided. The features of budget investments as a powerful tool of state regulation of investment activities are identified and it is determined that the efficiency of investment depends on the economic justification of budget investment and legal support.
 It is proved that the improvement of public investment activity is possible through the use of modern financial instruments, including budget investment, which is implemented by allocating funds accumulated in budgets for specific purposes. It is noted that the effectiveness of budget investment depends on a clear targeting of budget funds, their sufficient volume, the procedure established by law and the powers of investment entities. It is determined that the introduction of budget investment requires amendments to the Budget Code of Ukraine, in particular Art. 2 “Definition of basic terms”. It is proposed to involve local governments and the public in investment activities. The author’s definition of «budget Investment» is offered.

Принципи бюджетного процесу та фінансового регулювання в законодавстві ЄС

Studying the principles of the budget process in order to determine their positive aspects and use them to improve national legislation in the field of the budget process is an important task. The purpose of this study is to analyze the principles of the budget process and financial regulation in EU legislation, outline the directions of their implementation in the mechanism of the national budget process, budget management and budget policy. The principles of budget regulation proposed by international organizations, in particular the OECD, as well as the principles provided for in the Financial Regulation applicable to the general budget of the European Union, have been studied. These principles have been compared with the principles of the budget system of Ukraine, which are defined in the Budget Code of Ukraine. It is substantiated that budget principles represent values and rules that indirectly affect various aspects of the budget process, budget management, as well as many other issues of public administration. It has been determined that the principle of sound financial management and productivity, which requires taking into account four principles (economy, efficiency, effectiveness, productivity), implies a clear emphasis on the use of the Smart approach (the presence of specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound goals), control and monitoring, transparency and publicity. Special attention in the principle of sound financial management and productivity is paid to efficient and effective internal control of budget implementation. On the contrary, the issues of control and audit in the Budget Code of Ukraine are considered only from the point of view of the subjects of control and their powers, and objects of control. The expediency of using this EU experience is substantiated because management principles as important principles of the budget process are scattered among other principles of the budget system of Ukraine and it is necessary to focus specifically on the management of state and local finances or on budget management at the state and local levels, taking into account the need to ensure the specific requirements of economic development.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ПОБУДОВИ І ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ БЮДЖЕТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ

The article notes that the budget system is an integral part of the financial system of the state and plays an important role in shaping the national economy. The principles of construction and features of the functioning of the budget system of Ukraine are considered. The essence of the budget, budget system, budget system is determined. It is established that the budget system is a set of state budget and local budgets, built taking into account economic relations, state and administrative-territorial structures and regulated by law. The structure and principles of building the budget system of our state are considered. According to the form of government, Ukraine is a unitary state, and countries with a unitary form of government have a two-tier budget system, ie the budget system of Ukraine is two-tier: it consists of state and local budgets. The totality of all budgets that are part of the budget system of Ukraine is the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine. It should also be noted that the structure of the budget system is characterized by the coefficients of centralization and decentralization. The coefficient of budget centralization by revenues (expenditures) characterizes the degree of centralization of revenues (expenditures) in the state budget, and the coefficient of budget decentralization by revenues (expenditures) characterizes the degree of decentralization of revenues (expenditures), ie concentration of revenues and expenditures from local budgets. The principles on which the budget system is based are as follows: unity, balance, independence, completeness, validity, efficiency and effectiveness, subsidiarity, targeted use of budget funds, fairness and impartiality, publicity and transparency. The composition of budget legislation, which includes the Constitution of Ukraine, the Budget Code of Ukraine, the Budget Declaration, the Law on the State Budget of Ukraine, other laws governing budget relations, regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine adopted on the basis and implementation of the Budget Code, Regulations of executive bodies adopted on the basis of and in pursuance of the Budget Code, forecasts of local budgets, decisions on local budgets, decisions of local state administrations, local governments.

Interbudgetary transfers as a financial instrument for reducing disparities and intensifying of regional development

Monitoring of socio-economic development of administrative and territorial units was carried out and asymmetry of regional development with a trend towards non-essential reduction of interregional disparities was detected. It was established that the expediency of using interbudgetary transfers is due to the limited resources of local budgets for the proper provision of public services to the population. The reasons for this are the differences in regional development, delegation of powers from the state to local self-government bodies and the need to provide them with a sufficient amount of financial resources. The practice was characterized and the problems of granting subventions to local budgets for the implementation of measures on social and economic development of certain territories were identified. The changes in the amount of budgetary support for the implementation of powers of local self-government bodies as a result of the movement of interbudgetary transfers are analyzed. The algorithm of budget regulation is proposed, which provides for the gradual use of the tools of such regulation and allows to improve the budgetary provision of implementation: delegated powers of local self-government bodies at the expense of state budget resources by ensuring compliance between budgetary resources received from state authorities and their need; their own self-governing powers of local self-government bodies at the expense of directing to their implementation of their own revenues of local budgets in full without diverting part of the budget resources for the implementation of delegated powers. It is recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of budget regulation on the basis of the indicator of the level of provision of budgetary resources delegated by the state to local self-government bodies. The article emphasizes the priority of using such a tool of budget regulation as fixed income in the form of national taxes and fees in full or their share and taking into account when calculating the taxability index of local budgets of revenues of all national taxes and fees assigned to them in the volumes determined by the Budget Code of Ukraine.

Доцільність використання досвіду іноземних країн у процесі програмно- цільового бюджетування в оборонній сфері

Abstract. Introduction. This study examines the method of budget management to achieve specific results related to the application of program-targeted budgeting in Ukraine on the experience of foreign countries in order to effectively use budget funds and achieve specific results in national security and defense. Purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the application of program-targeted budgeting method in foreign countries and the feasibility of using it to ensure national security and defense of Ukraine. The current state of control over the efficiency of the use of budget funds is one of the most important functions of public administration in democratic countries. State financial control, in accordance with Art. 26 of the Budget Code of Ukraine, is a system of regulations, rules, procedures, implemented by the head to ensure compliance with the law and efficiency of budget funds, achieve results in accordance with the goals, objectives, plans and requirements for the budgetary institution and its subordinate institutions and eliminates risks possible abuses, fraud, waste, mistakes and shortcomings. Therefore, one of the ways to improve the control of legality, expediency, effectiveness and efficiency of spending budget funds is to improve the program-target method of budgeting based on results. The main results include the following: - it is expedient to develop regulations of performance indicators to be used during financial planning of budget funds according to the program-target method of budgeting, in order to achieve concrete results; - to introduce measures to increase the responsibility of executors of budget programs for achieving the goal of the budget program. Conclusion the analysis of the peculiarities of the application of program-targeted budgeting method in foreign countries shows that the share in the use of budget funds relies on the effectiveness of budget programs directly during their implementation, rather than during financial planning using performance regulations.

Current trends in budget and legal regulation

Problem setting. Nowadays Ukrainian society is in a state of permanent transformation, due to many factors, among which it is possible to designate both European integration and digitalization processes, which currently have a very intense impact on various spheres of life. New ones are accepted, as well as numerous changes to existing regulatory acts governing various kinds of relations. Not an exception are budget relations, which are transformed under the influence of objective and subjective factors. In this swirl of events of particular importance, the problem of quality of those normative changes that are initiated by the subjects of the legislative initiative today becomes a problem. The fact is that the effectiveness of the legal regulation, the effectiveness of its action, the successful implementation of the tasks for which such a normative legal act was created depends on how much normative legal acts or changes to it will be of high quality. A particularly significant problem is the need to ensure the financing of budget expenditures, the fulfillment of budget obligations in crisis conditions. As it is seen, the subjects of the legislative initiative do not have time or do not know how to deeply study the problems posed to the solution, and since then they set incorrect tasks for changing approaches to the modern regulation of budgetary legal relations, the implementation of which is not able to ensure their practical implementation. The purpose of the article is to study modern trends in budgetary and legal regulation in Ukraine. Article’s main body. The presented publication focuses on the study of modern innovations in the field of budgetary and legal regulation. It is emphasized that in the present, the problem of quality of those normative changes initiated by the subjects of the legislative initiative becomes of particular importance. It is emphasized that the introduction of modern technologies in the conditions of digitalization of all spheres of public life, including in the sphere of budgetary and legal regulation, is positive. At the same time, for their effective implementation, it is necessary to systematically approach the solution of this issue and develop proposals for changes and additions in a number of articles of the Budget Code of Ukraine. The authors stated the inappropriacy of expanding the list of articles of certain normative legal acts, whose financing is dependent on the discretion of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, taking into account the availability of financial resources of state and local budgets and the budget of mandatory state social insurance. Conclusions. Based on the analysis, we conclude that any changes to the legislation, especially in the field of public finance, should be constructive and contribute to the achievement of the goal of their implementation in law enforcement. At the same time, any legislative innovations should be complex and comply with generally accepted rules and standards of rule-making technique.

LEGAL BASES OF LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

The article investigates the issue of legal principles of legal responsibility of territorial communities as individual subjects of law and legal relations. The approaches in science on issues of separating territorial communities as separate legal entities from local self-government bodies and their officials acting on behalf of such territorial communities are highlighted. It is emphasized that there is an urgent need to coordinate the provisions of various laws for this purpose. The issue of constitutional and legal principles of the legal status of territorial communities as owners as participants in civil and economic legal relations, the principles of their civil liability, the features of which are due to their public-legal status, are highlighted. The issues of public (municipal) responsibility of territorial communities are highlighted and especially attention to the issues of budget-legal responsibility of territorial communities, the objects of the property of the local budget may be applied to the measures of influence in the form of returning budget funds to the relevant budget in case of non-targeted use of funds Subviations, as well as in the form of an unconditional removal of funds from local budgets, if there was a place of expenditure, local budget lending, which in accordance with the Budget Code of Ukraine should be held from another budget. It is emphasized that an important aspect requiring detailed scientific analysis is also the issue of recognizing territorial communities of cities, subjects of responsibility to international financial organizations as a result of collecting budget borrowings in the form of loans. The issue of state immunity in such relations (including limited) is the subject of regulation of domestic and international law, but the immunity of territorial communities is a new direction of research. Also, today the issues discussed and in certain states have found a legal consolidation of the bankruptcy of territorial communities, which, as a negative of all sides of the legal phenomenon, should be prevented in Ukraine.

Elements of the special budget fund: the experience of Ukraine

Problem setting. The budget has a horizontal and a vertical structure. Yes, Art. 9 and 10 of the Budget Code of Ukraine stipulate that the relevant budget includes revenues and expenditures of the latter. According to Art. 13 of the same Code, the components of the budget are general and special funds, i.e. the legislator establishes the vertical structure of the budget (both state and local) [2, p. 49]. Analysis of recent research. The study of the vertical structure of the budget, components of its special fund at one time were the subject of research by such scientists as: V. Demyanyshyn, O. Dmytryk, N. Nechyporuk, V. Pihotsky and others. At the same time, at the present stage of development of budgetary legal relations in Ukraine, this issue remains out of the attention of scientists. Thus, the purpose of the article is to analyze the legal regulation of the elements of the special fund of the budget. Article’s main body. The article focuses on the consideration of the components of the special budget fund. It was emphasized that now more than ten funds are allocated as part of the special fund, which include such as: the State Road Fund, the State Fund for Radioactive Waste Management, the State Fund for the Development of Water Resources, etc. The analysis of the legal regulation of each of the above funds as components of a special fund budget. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Based on the analysis, we state that in the current conditions of development of budgetary and legal relations there is a need to make certain changes to the current budget legislation to improve its quality and unanimity of law enforcement. In particular, in the context of legal regulation of the components of the special fund of the budget it is necessary to: clearly define the procedure for selecting projects (areas) that will be financed from the relevant fund; apply measures of budgetary and legal influence for misuse of the fund, as one of the features of the elements of the special fund of the budget is the presence of a clearly defined purpose.

ЗНАЧЕННЯ ТА РОЛЬ БЮДЖЕТНОГО КОНТРОЛЮ В СИСТЕМІ БЮДЖЕТНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ

В Україні бюджетний контроль певною мірою зачіпає питання ефективності використання бюджетних коштів в якості фінансового менеджменту, а його результати майже не використовують при формуванні бюджетів та прийнятті управлінських рішень. Автор зазначає, що контроль за цільовим використанням бюджетних коштів, дотриманням вимог бюджетного законодавства, станом та використанням державного та комунального майна повинен стати більш дієвим, орієнтованим не лише на виявлення, але переважно на запобігання фінансовим правопорушенням, має створювати основу для прийняття конкретних управлінських рішень. Тільки на цій основі в державному секторі може бути створена ефективна система бюджетного контролю. Необхідність бюджетного контролю, його сутність і значення визначаються державним устроєм та Конституцією України. При аналізі Бюджетного кодексу України постає запитання про те, чи є контроль стадією бюджетного процесу. На думку автора, бюджетний контроль не є самостійною стадією бюджетного процесу, оскільки він має місце на всіх стадіях бюджетного процесу і супроводжує весь процес утворення, розподілу і використання централізованого фонду грошових коштів – державного та місцевих бюджетів. В статті зазначається, що бюджетний контроль є необхідною процедурою супроводження стадії складання, розгляду і затвердження Бюджетної декларації або прогнозу місцевого бюджету, складання проекту бюджету, розгляду і затвердження бюджету, виконання бюджету, а також складання, розгляду і затвердження звіту про виконання відповідного бюджету.

IMPROVING THE MECHANISM FOR ENSURING THE RIGHT TO SOCIAL PROTECTION IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN PROPORTIONALITY WITH THE FINANCIAL CAPABILITIES OF THE STATE

The article examines the right to social protection in terms of its absolute nature and the possibility of reducing the content and scope of the adoption of new laws or amendments to existing laws while maintaining the essence of the right. It is established that in modern conditions the state of legal regulation of social relations, in which the right to social protection is exercised and protected, is characterized by low quality and inefficiency of certain legal norms, legal conflicts, gaps, systematic change of the mechanism of realization of the right to social protection on the State Budget of Ukraine for the relevant year, the Budget Code of Ukraine by granting the authority to determine the amount (scope) of social guarantees for certain categories of citizens of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which usually chooses to reduce. The article states that the social policy of the state may be changed in particular in order to achieve its balance with the financial capabilities of the state. The size (scope) of specific types of social protection provided by the legislation for certain categories of persons may also change, as social human rights are not absolute, and the mechanism of their provision may be changed. It is proved that in order to ensure the constitutionality of the relevant changes, certain rules must be observed in the aggregate, which are related to: 1) the impossibility of narrowing the content and scope of existing rights and freedoms; 2) the obligation to preserve the very essence of the relevant rights; 3) the impossibility of delegating by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine the powers of any other entities to establish the amount of state social guarantees specified by the laws of Ukraine, including the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; 4) compliance with the procedure for making appropriate amendments to special legislation, which should take place precisely by amending the relevant law, and not by including relevant provisions in the texts of the Budget Code of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine on the State Budget of Ukraine for the relevant year, as well as the establishment of other (additional) legislative regulation of relations, other than that which is the subject of special regulation by other laws of Ukraine.

LEGAL ASPECTS OF DETERMINATION OF BUDGET CONTROL OF UKRAINE ACCORDING TO EUROPEAN STANDARDS

The article examines the relevance of determining budget control over the legislation of Ukraine in accordance with international standards. Unfortunately, the misuse of public financial resources is still widespread, which indicates the lack of efficiency of the existing system of budget control in Ukraine. The Budget Code of Ukraine does not provide for liability for the inaccuracy of indicators set in the draft local budgets, for improper control at the first stage of the budget process. Orderly and efficient use of public funds is one of the main prerequisites for the proper disposal of public finances and the effectiveness of decisions made by ministries and other state bodies of Ukraine. An important role in achieving this goal is played by the definition of «budget control». World experience shows that the effectiveness of the public financial management system in Ukraine is determined by the balanced functioning of all its components, compliance with current legislation, as well as achieving the goals of public institutions in the most economical and effective way. Budgetary control plays an important role in achieving this goal. The prospect of improving the complexity of budget control in Ukraine depends on its quality at all stages and the timeliness of adequate response of financial authorities, chief administrators and other authorities to the results of control, the identified facts of misuse and inefficiency of budget funds, by taking measures to recover illegal expenditures volumes of funding, bringing them in line with regulations governing the budget process of Ukraine. Today, there is insufficient attention to control actions that provide a preventive control function. Duplication in the work of controlling bodies of different levels, excessive overload of some objects with audits and inspections. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure a single methodological support of the budget, which reflects the state of financial discipline, and methods of their calculation. It is concluded that the definition of budget control in Ukraine is relevant.

ANALYSIS OF FISCAL POLICY AND MACROECONOMIC SITUATION IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF CROWN CRISIS

Introduction. The spread of coronavirus infection has caused significant economic and social problems in the global dimension. The world economy suffered significant losses during 2020 and, according to analysts, will shrink by about 4.9% compared to 2019. Coronavirus disease has caused the most damage to the tourism, hotel and restaurant, transport sectors of the economy in almost all countries of the world, the virus has a significant impact on business activity and welfare of citizens. Given that Ukraine is a subject of world economic relations, the corona crisis has a significant negative impact on the economy of our country, causing significant imbalances in public finances, the budget crisis, leading to rising unemployment, reduced welfare. However, the corona crisis is only an indicator that has shown the true institutional capacity of public administration in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to diagnose the fiscal policy of Ukraine, identify its strengths and weaknesses and develop effective mechanisms to overcome financial and economic imbalances caused by the “corona crisis”. Results. The article analyzes the main macroeconomic trends in Ukraine, as well as, based on forecast indicators, assesses the prospects for economic and social development in Ukraine. It was found that the domestic economy is in a significant recession and despite the projected growth of macroeconomic indicators in 2021, the economy will still be in crisis. Significant fiscal imbalances in Ukraine have been identified, it has been stated that compared to 2018–2019, the budget in Ukraine is unbalanced, and its deficit is threatening to the country's economy. From the beginning of 2020, the country's debt burden is growing and by the end of the year, its value will reach indicators that are higher than the critical values provided by the Budget Code of Ukraine. It was noted that in order to overcome the crisis, it is necessary to change the priorities in the direction of education and science development; assistance to small and medium business; to ensure transparency in the activities of state institutions; to reform the judiciary; start a real fight against corruption.

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The article deals with the principles of application of budgetary coercive measures in the context of improving budgetary legislation in accordance with the requirements of the European Union. Budgetary and legal coercion, as a kind of state coercion, is a type of financial and legal coercion. It has all the features of the latter, developing in relation to specific budgetary relations; it acts not as an independent category of legal responsibility, but as a kind of financial and legal coercion. Budgetary and legal coercion is the external influence of the state, represented by authorized bodies, on the behavior of individual participants in the budgetary process concerning the application of measures of budgetary coercion, which impose additional encumbrances of property or organizational nature on the unfulfilled obligations provided by budgetary law, in order to ensure compliance with law and order in the budget sphere. The significance of the principles of law for the formation of normative and legal regulation of budgetary and legal coercion is considered. The principles of financial law and their influence on the formation of the principles of budgetary law are described. The general legal principles of application of measures of budgetary and legal coercion are analyzed; their role in establishment of budgetary and legal responsibility is defined. Based on the current legal framework, special principles for the application of budgetary coercive measures are determined, including those that have not been formally fixed in the Budget Code of Ukraine, but are fragmented in the normative and legal acts of budgetary legislation. With regard to budgetary offenses concerning measures of budgetary coercion, the principles of legality, priority of public interests, and division of functions in the field of financial activity on the basis of separation of powers play a special role. The main branch principle of budgetary law in the context of the implementation of measures of budgetary coercion is the principle of addressable and target nature of budgetary funds.

Legal regulation of financial control over the activities of business entities

Problem setting. In the context of the ongoing European integration processes, the issue of creating a modern, optimal and effective system of measures of state financial control over the activities of economic entities is becoming increasingly important for Ukraine. First of all, it is necessary to clearly and coherently regulate public financial control, in particular, its types, methods, forms, procedures, as well as the legal status of public financial control in order to prevent violations of financial legislation by economic entities and promote harmonization of the national economy. with the economic systems of other developed countries. Analysis of recent research. Some problems of legal regulation of state financial control have been studied by such scientists as: L. Voronova, O. Grachova, O. Dmytryk, M. Kucheryavenko, T. Latkovska, O. Semchyk etc. At the same time, as we have already noted, the imperfection of legislative regulation (the presence of conflicts and gaps in the regulation of public financial control), the imperfection of the system of public financial control and other factors necessitate further research and proposals for improving existing legislation. in this area. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze the current state of legal regulation of public financial control in Ukraine. Article’s main body. The article considers the legal regulation of financial control over the activities of economic entities in Ukraine. The need to improve the current legislation in the field of financial control was emphasized. It was emphasized that the legislator now prohibits tax audits for all taxpayers, regardless of their division into large, small and medium. Excluding large taxpayers from the list of taxpayers covered by the moratorium during the quarantine period without available grounds, in fact, violates the principles of tax law. Conclusions. It is emphasized that the relationship between business entities and regulatory authorities should be as flexible as possible and implemented in the form of public-private partnership. It is proposed to amend Art. 26 of the Budget Code of Ukraine and to consolidate the definition of “control over compliance with budget legislation”, as well as to determine the forms (methods) of its implementation.

Ukraine in the world: socio-economic dimension

The article emphasizes that the issue of Ukrainian socio-economic development trends under globalization. Indicators of socio-economic development of Ukraine are analyzed on the basis of national statistical, financial and budgetary reports, data of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The dynamics of such indicators over a period of 5 – 10 years, as well as the projected indicators for 2020 – 2023, are traced. Dynamic of GDP in constant prices has shown the results of relatively successful 2017 – 2019 formation of the upward period of the economic cycle which was characterized by moderate growth of real GDP within 3%. Ukraine is likely to be able to sustain such growth rates without significant upheavals, with a well-designed and reasonably stimulated economy. GDP by purchasing power parity for most European countries has shown a disappointing tendency. Ukraine has been among the outsiders for a long time (below – Moldova). Ukraine will continue to occupy the last positions in terms of economic development compared to other European countries despite the IMF's positive outlook for a steady increase in purchasing power. It is important to focus on improving financial and monetary policy, in particular, reducing and maintaining debt at the level acceptable by the Budget Code of Ukraine at 60% of GDP. In previous years, the share of debt in GDP reached a record 80% for Ukraine which violated the rules of the current legislation. Monetary policy should be aimed at improving the conditions for doing business, which will allow Ukraine to improve its position in the global ratings of competitiveness and ease of doing business. The most representative global indices are investigated and the positions of the state in world and European rankings are analyzed. There are: KOF Globalization Index, Corruption Perceptions Index, The Global Competitiveness Index, Ease of Doing Business, Global Innovation Index and E-Government Development Index, World Happiness Index. The basic tendencies of socio-economic development of Ukraine, risks and ways of their minimization are determined.

CURRENT ISSUES OF REGULATORY AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF BUDGET SECURITY IN UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the regulatory and legal support of budget security in Ukraine. Regulatory and legal support of budget security is understood as a state view of its essence and content, which determines the official ideas and views that relate to it, including the conditions and procedure for cooperation between the state and society in ensuring budget security. A classification of doctrinal interpretations of the concept of "budget security" was proposed, namely: the ability of the state to effectively perform its own tasks and functions with the help of the budget; the ability of the banking system to ensure the rational formation and use of budget funds to ensure financial stability and independence of the state; the state of ensuring the solvency of the state; the process of developing, implementing and monitoring budget execution; an indicator for assessing the effectiveness of public policy in social and other spheres of public life and the performance of its functions. The author's interpretation of the concept of "budget security" as ensuring the safe state of public economic relations, which mediate the formation and use of a centralized fund of financial resources of state and local levels, designed to ensure the tasks and functions of these entities, creating conditions for development and strengthening democratic, social, legal state. It was proved that the regulatory and legal support of budget policy has a hierarchical organization and covers the Constitution of Ukraine, codes of Ukraine (Budget Code of Ukraine, Tax Code of Ukraine, Criminal Code of Ukraine, Code of Administrative Offenses), laws of Ukraine "On State Budget for… year" , a number of laws regulating relations in the field of budget security, as well as bylaws that ensure the implementation and enforcement of the mechanism of budget security of Ukraine, resolutions and regulations governing the work of state bodies and institutions in the field of budget security, decisions and normative legal acts of local authorities and local self-government bodies in the researched sphere. The leading role in the researched problems is played by a number of international acts ratified by Ukraine, the norms of which directly or indirectly concern ensuring the budgetary security of the country.