Semen Quality Of Bucks Research Articles

The Effect of Resveratrol and Catalase on Post-Thaw Angora Buck Semen

This research aimed to examine the impact of resveratrol and catalase on the motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal membrane integrity, and mitochondrial activity of Ankara buck semen following freeze-thawed process. In this study, semen samples obtained from four mature bucks were divided into four groups: control (C), resveratrol 500 µM/ml (R), catalase 50 IU/ml (CAT), and resveratrol 500 µM/ml + catalase 50 IU/ml (CATR). After dilution with Tris/egg yolk extender, the semen samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen and then thawed for assessment. The CATR group gave the highest values across all evaluated parameters (motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal membrane integrity, and mitochondrial activity) compared to the other groups (61 ± 1.0%, 72.6 ± 0.70%, 70.73 ± 0.67%, 60.9 ± 0.79%, respectively) (p<0.05). In conclusion, the combination of catalase and resveratrol significantly improved the quality of buck semen after freeze-thawed process, thereby contributing to enhanced reproductive outcomes and genetic preservation.

Effect of Three Commercially Available Extenders Containing Phospholipids of Different Sources on Skopelos Buck Liquid-Stored Sperm Quality.

The effect of four extenders on buck semen quality parameters was examined during a 48 h liquid storage. Semen was collected from six Skopelos bucks and diluted in the following extenders, containing: soy lecithin (SL, OviXcell®), plant phospholipids (PP, AndroMed®), egg yolk lecithin (EY, Steridyl®), or no phospholipids (basic extender). Samples were stored at 5 °C for 48 h and assessed at 0, 24 and 48 h for viability (eosin-nigrosin), acrosome integrity (SpermBlue®), membrane functional integrity (HOST), mitochondrial function (Rhodamine 123/SYBR-14/PI) and motility parameters (CASA). No significant reduction in total or progressive spermatozoa motility and mitochondrial function was observed at 24 h, whereas they all dropped significantly at 48 h, in all extenders. Spermatozoa viability, cell membrane functionality and acrosome integrity dropped progressively (0 h > 24 h > 48 h) in all groups. No significant difference among extenders was observed concerning spermatozoa mitochondrial function. Overall, spermatozoa viability, cell membrane functionality and acrosome integrity were higher in the three commercial extenders, compared to the basic extender. SL and EY extenders (OviXcell® and Steridyl®, respectively) preserved viability more effectively than the PP extender (AndroMed®). Total motility was higher in the PP extender, compared to the SL extender. Spermatozoa acrosome integrity tended to be higher in the EY extender compared to all the other extenders. Further investigation of the protective potential of different types of cryoprotectants on liquid buck semen storage is important.

Effect of a single dose of letrozole on ejaculation time, semen quality, and testicular hemodynamics in goat bucks subjected to heat stress.

Letrozole (LTZ) is an aromatase inhibitor that limits estrogen (E2) production and increases testosterone (T) levels. This research aimed to examine the impact of a single dose of LTZ on testicular hemodynamics, ejaculation time, and semen quality in goats under heat stress (HS). Therefore, Doppler examination and semen evaluation were performed on twelve mature bucks for two weeks (W-1, W-2) as pre-heat stress control during winter. Then during summer HS bucks were subjected to Doppler examination, semen evaluation, and hormonal analysis (T, E2, and LH) at 0h. Afterward, bucks were assigned into two groups and subcutaneously injected with physiological saline (n = 6; CON) or LTZ (0.25mg/kg BW; n = 6; LTZ). Both groups were subjected to Doppler scanning and hormonal analysis at 2, 4, 24, 48, 72, 96,144, and 168h. Semen evaluation was performed at 48 and 168h. The LTZ group showed increasing (P < 0.05) in semen volume, sperm motility, and viability and decreasing (P < 0.05) in ejaculation time and sperm abnormalities compared to CON group at 48h. Additionally, T concentrations increased (P < 0.01) at 2, 24, and 48h, E2 decreased (P < 0.01) from 2 to 48h, and LH raised (P < 0.01) at 2 and 72h in LTZ group compared to CON one. Doppler indices reduced (P < 0.05) at 96h in LTZ group. semen pH and scrotal circumference were not affected by LTZ. In conclusion, LTZ administration shortened ejaculation time and enhanced semen quality in bucks during HS.

Supplementation of Plant-Based Freezing Extender With Cysteamine Preserves Quality Parameters and Fertility Potential of Buck Sperm During Cryopreservation Process.

Sperm cryopreservation in small ruminant is an efficient strategy to distribute spermatozoa for reproductive programmes, but this process reduces the fertility potential of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. The aim of the current research was to evaluate the impact of different concentrations of cysteamine (CYS) in soybean lecithin (SL)-based medium on postthawed buck semen quality and fertility potential. Semen samples were collected from five bucks, twice a week, then diluted in the SL-based extender containing different concentrations of CYS as follows: extender containing 0 mM (control, C0), 1 mM (C1), 2 mM (C2), 4 mM (C4) and 8 mM (C8) CYS. Motility characteristics, membrane integrity, abnormal morphology, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, viability, apoptotic-like changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, ROS concentration, pregnancy rate and kidding rate were evaluated after freeze-thaw process. In results, C1 resulted in greater (p ≤ 0.05) total motility, progressive motility, average path velocity, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, viability, pregnancy rate and kidding rate compared to the other groups. Furthermore, supplementation of freezing medium with 1 mM of CYS presented lower (p ≤ 0.05) apoptotic-like changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and ROS concentration compared to the other groups. On the other hand, C8 presented the least (p ≤ 0.05) total motility, progressive motility, average path velocity, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity and viability as well as the highest (p ≤ 0.05) apoptotic-like changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and ROS concentration compared to the other groups. Therefore, supplementation of freezing medium with 1 mM CYS could be a helpful strategy to protect buck's spermatozoa quality and fertility potential during cryopreservation process.

Bolstering Buck Fertility: The Impact of Asparagus racemosus Aqueous Extract on Semen Cryopreservation and Antioxidant Defense System.

Importance of Study: Semen cryopreservation results in sperm damage due to lipid peroxidation or oxidative stress, leading to a decrease in conception rate. The sperm damage during cryopreservation can be minimized with the use of suitable antioxidant supplements in semen diluent. Some herbs have potent antioxidant potential and can be used in semen diluent to protect the spermatozoa. Objective: Hence, the investigation was planned to evaluate the effect of Asparagus racemosus (A. racemosus) aqueous extract on buck semen quality during cryopreservation. Methodology: In the current study, semen was collected from eight Sirohi bucks, and from each buck, 8 ejaculates were collected. Good-quality semen samples were pooled during each collection. Pooled semen samples were then divided into four equal parts and diluted in TRIS buffer containing different concentrations of A. racemosus aqueous extract (different groups, i.e., G I -5 mg, G II -2.5 mg, G III -1.25 mg, and G IV -0 mg of A. racemosus aqueous extract in 1 mL TRIS buffer). All the diluted semen samples were kept at equilibration temperature (5°C) for 2 hours and then cryopreserved by the manual method. Semen samples were evaluated for various sperm characteristics and antioxidant status before and after cryopreservation. Results: Asparagus racemosus aqueous extract showed significant (p < 0.05) enhancement of sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity, and plasma membrane integrity, whereas it reduced sperm abnormality. Furthermore, in the experimental groups, the antioxidant gene expression was found to be increased compared to that of the treatment group. G III (p < 0.05) showed significantly better results in terms of sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity, and plasma membrane integrity. Conclusion: Asparagus racemosus aqueous extract has the antioxidant potential to protect buck spermatozoa during semen cryopreservation.

Impact of varying doses of Moringa leaf extract supplementation in the cryopreservation media on sperm quality, antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity of frozen-thawed buck spermatozoa

The current investigation was planned to evaluate the effect of Moringa leaves also called Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) aqueous extract on buck semen quality during cryopreservation, and its antimicrobial potential against the Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from the semen samples. Semen was collected from 8 Jakhrana bucks, and from each buck, 8 ejaculates were collected. Semen samples were subjected to bacteriological studies and pathogenic coli were isolated from semen samples. Then, various concentrations of M. oleifera extract were evaluated for its antimicrobial potential. Good quality semen samples were pooled during each collection. Pooled semen samples were then divided into 4 equal parts, and diluted in TRIS buffer containing different concentration of M. oleifera leaf aqueous extract (Different groups, i.e. T1-50 mg, T2-100 mg, T3-200 mg, C-0 mg of M. oleifera aqueous extract in 100 ml TRIS Buffer). Semen samples were evaluated for various sperm characteristics after cryopreservation. oleifera aqueous extract supplemented groups showed significant enhancement in sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity and plasma membrane integrity. The treatment significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation in supplemented groups and M. oleifera extract shows the potent antimicrobial activity against the E. coli isolated from buck semen.

Effects of dietary substitution of Soybean meal by dried Azolla on blood and serum parameters, productive and reproductive traits, and economic efficiency of rabbit does as well as semen quality of bucks

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary substitution of dried Azolla (Azolla pinnata) in different ratios by soybean meal on productive and reproductive performances, hematological and serum traits, and economic efficiency of rabbit does as well as semen quality of males. Forty mature does and eight males of Black Balady rabbits aged seven and eight months were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary groups: 0 (control), 20, 30, and 40% of soybean protein substituted with dried Azolla protein. Data were analyzed using repeated measures of statistical software computer program package. There were no significant differences among groups in number of services per conception as well as parturition intervals (days) with a superiority of 30% group over the control and other two groups. Average litter weight was significantly (P&lt;0.05) superior in the 30% replacement group. There were no significant differences in live body weight either at birth or at weaning among the four tested groups and the 30% replacement groups recorded the highest significant daily weight gain of bunnies during the whole experimental period. All Azolla groups recorded better results in the studied traits of bucks' semen compared to the control. Azolla diets did not show any adverse effects on the studied blood parameters. The 30% replacement of the soybean protein group showed the best economic return compared to the other two replacement groups and the control. In conclusion, Azolla can safely and economically replace soybean protein at the rate of 30% in adult female rabbits' diets. Keywords: Azolla, Body weight, Rabbit, Reproduction, Semen.

Effect of L-carnitine and Alpha lipoic acid on some quality parameters of buck semen preserved by cooling

Fertility is the key of reproduction and it is affected by many factors especially artificial insemination process (AI), the quality of semen used is an important key for the success of AI process. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of different antioxidants such as L-carnitine and Alpha lipoic acid to the diluted buck semen during cooling in summer season. Four mature healthy Zaraibi bucks were used in the study. Semen was collected twice weekly during summer .Semen samples were collected by an electro- ejaculator device. Samples of good quality semen were pooled and diluted by extender and divided according to experimental groups. Group 1: L-carnitine : 1 ml mol , 5 ml mol , 10 ml mol. Group 2: Alpha lipoic acid : 0.025 ml mol, 0.05 ml mol. Group 3: is the control group .After cooling by 1 hr, 2hr,12 hr , 24 hr and 48 hr. Semen parameters were examined as motility, livability, acrosome integrity and cell membrane integrity .The results indicated that L-carnitine 5 ml mol has a favorable effect on the quality of cooled diluted buck semen more than other groups of L-carnitine and 0.025 ml mol of Alpha lipoic acid is better than other concentration. In conclusion, L-Carnitine and alpha lipoic acid as antioxidants improve buck semen quality cooled under low temperature especially 5 ml mol and 0.025 ml mol concentration respectively.

Asparagus racemosus improves seminal antioxidant status and sperm characteristics in buck semen at refrigeration temperature

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) aqueous extract on buck semen quality during preservation. In the current study, 8 ejaculates from 8 Jakhrana bucks maintained at Jakhrana unit of ICAR-CIRG (semi-arid region) were collected (total 64 ejaculates) during the period from April to June, 2022. Good quality semen samples were pooled during each collection. Pooled semen samples were then divided into 4 equal parts, and diluted in TRIS buffer containing different concentration of Shatavari aqueous extract (Different groups, i.e. Gr1-5 mg, Gr2-2.5 mg, Gr3-1.25 mg, Gr4-0 mg of Shatavari aqueous extract/ml of semen diluent). All the diluted semen samples were kept at refrigerated temperature (5°C) for seven days, and on each day, diluted semen was evaluated for various sperm characteristics and antioxidant status. Gr3 showed significantly better results in terms of sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity and plasma membrane integrity. Along with this, the longevity of sperm was also enhanced in Shatavari supplemented group.

Effect of Mito-TEMPO on Post-thawed Semen Quality in Goats

Background: Although sperm cryopreservation seems to be an efficient technique for distributing competent sperm for artificial insemination, the process affects the quality of post-thawed sperm. Objectives: This study was designed to see how the novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidant “Mito-TEMPO” affected buck sperm quality during cryopreservation. Methods: After proper semen samples collection, they were diluted and divided into 5 equal groups and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen with 0, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µM Mito-TEMPO. Sperm motility, lipid peroxidation, abnormal morphology, acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, and viability were all evaluated after thawing. Results: When the freezing extender was supplemented with 10 µM Mito-TEMPO, total motility, progressive motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and viability increased (P≤0.05), while lipid peroxidation decreased (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Finally, the novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidant “Mito-TEMPO” could be introduced as an effective cryo-additive to improve buck semen quality parameters during cryopreservation.

Post-Thaw Parameters of Buck Semen Quality after Soy Lecithin Extender Supplementation with Fumaric Acid.

The supplementation of cryopreservation media with antioxidants improves the post-thaw quality and fertilizing ability of spermatozoa. To maximize the fertility of frozen-thawed buck spermatozoa, further research is required to overcome obstacles that have yielded controversial results and standardize protocols. In the present work, the effect of adding fumaric acid (a well-described antioxidant) to a soy lecithin semen extender on certain quality parameters of spermatozoa following freezing and thawing was examined for the first time. Five sexually mature Skopelos bucks were used, and ejaculates were collected with an artificial vagina. The semen samples (98 samples, five replicates) were diluted (400 × 106 spermatozoa/mL) with OviXcell®, supplemented with fumaric acid (0 mM, 2.15 mM, 10 mM or 30 mM), equilibrated (5 °C; 3 h), packed (0.5 mL straws), frozen and stored (-196 °C) until further processing. After thawing, the spermatozoa total and progressive motility (CASA), viability (eosin-nigrosin), membrane functional integrity (HOST), acrosome integrity (SpermBlue®) and mitochondrial function (Rhodamine-123/SYBR-14/PI) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan's test; significance was set at 0.05. The addition of 2.15 mM fumaric acid improved (p < 0.05) spermatozoa viability, membrane functional integrity, acrosome integrity and mitochondrial function compared to all other concentrations. The addition of 30 mM fumaric acid decreased (p < 0.05) spermatozoa viability and mitochondrial function compared to all other concentrations. These results indicate a beneficial effect of a 2.15 mM fumaric acid addition to a soy lecithin extender on post-thaw buck spermatozoa quality. Further research is required to evaluate the in vivo fertility of frozen-thawed buck spermatozoa treated with fumaric acid, as well as to elucidate the mechanism of action of fumaric acid in spermatozoa.

Effects of Origanum majorana essential oil and antibiotics on the quality of frozen thawed Beni Arouss buck semen.

This study aims to investigate the effects of Origanum majorana (OM) essential oil (EO) at different concentrations and antibiotics on post-thawed Beni Arouss buck semen quality. Semen collection was performed using artificial vagina from eight Beni Arouss bucks. Ejaculates were pooled, divided into 12 equal aliquots, washed and diluted to 400 × 106 sperm/ml (with 7% of glycerol). Skim milk-based extender was supplemented with different concentrations of OM EO (0%; 0.01%; 0.02%; 0.03%; 0.04% and 0.05%) without antibiotics, marked as (CTR-), (M1-), (M2-), (M3-), (M4-) and (M5-), and with 50 mg of streptomycin and 50,000 IU of penicillin per 100 ml, marked as (CTR+), (M1+), (M2+), (M3+), (M4+) and (M5+), respectively. Aliquots were cooled to 4°C, then frozen in 0.25 ml straws with a programmable freezer and finally stored in liquid nitrogen for 48 h. Thawing was performed at 37°C for 30 s. Motility, live sperm, sperm abnormalities, membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation and bacterial growth were evaluated after thawing. Among the tested extenders, M2+ improved all semen quality parameters. Sperm motility, live sperm and membrane integrity increased significantly, while the number of abnormal sperm and bacterial growth decreased significantly. The toxic effect of OM EO, with and without antibiotics, appeared beyond 0.03%. In conclusion, M2+ is recommended to improve the cryopreservation of Beni Arouss buck semen.

Green Tea Extract in the Extender Improved the Post-Thawed Semen Quality and Decreased Amino Acid Mutation of Kacang Buck Sperm.

This study was the first to combine the addition of antioxidants to a skim milk-egg yolk (SM-EY) extender and different equilibration periods to obtain higher quality post-thawed Kacang buck semen. This study aimed to determine the effects of green tea extract (GTE) on the quality of frozen Kacang goat sperm equilibrated for one and two hours. The pool of Kacang buck ejaculate was equally divided into four portions and was diluted in an SM-EY extender that contained four doses of 0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 mg of GTE/100 mL for T0, T1, T2, and T3 groups, respectively. The aliquots were treated for an equilibration period of 1-2 h before further processing as frozen semen. Post-thawed semen quality was evaluated for sperm quality. The Sanger method was used for DNA sequencing, and the amino acid sequence was read using MEGA v.7.0. The post-thawed semen of the T2 group that was equilibrated for one hour had the highest semen quality. Pre-freezing motility had the highest determination coefficient compared to post-thawed sperm motility. This study is the first to report amino acid mutation due to freeze-thawing. The frequency of amino acid mutations revealed that T2 was the least mutated amino acid. Glycine, valine, leucine, serine, and asparagine strongly correlated to post-thawed sperm motility. It can be concluded that a combination of 0.1 mg GTE/100 mL extender as an antioxidant and one-hour equilibration period resulted in the best post-thawed Kacang buck semen quality.

Effects of Heterologous Bovine Seminal Plasma-Supplemented Egg Yolk-Based Extender on Cryosurvivability of Pantja Buck Semen.

The present study was conducted to observe the effects of removal of seminal plasma of Pantja buck semen and supplementation of bovine seminal plasma (BSP) in the extender before cryopreservation. In a preliminary experiment, different levels of BSP were supplemented (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9% v/v) in egg yolk (7.5% egg yolk)-tris (EYT) extender and used for cryopreservation of Pantja buck semen. Results in terms of motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and lipid peroxidation showed that 5% BSP was suitable for maintaining Pantja buck semen quality during cryopreservation. In the final experiment, pooled semen from four Pantja bucks was split into three aliquots (I, II, and III). Aliquot I was directly diluted in EYT extender and grouped as the control (C); aliquot II and III were washed separately with TALP solution and diluted as D1 (Washed semen with EYT extender) and D2 (Washed semen with EYT extender containing 5% BSP), respectively. Seminal attributes (sperm individual motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and total morphological abnormalities) were assessed at the postdilution, postequilibration, and post-thawing stages. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were measured at post-thaw. Washed semen significantly improved (p < 0.05) seminal parameters at post-thaw compared with unwashed semen (control). A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in seminal attributes between freezing stages and between dilution groups. Significantly higher (p < 0.05) post-thaw sperm motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and GSH-Px activity, and significantly lower (p < 0.05) MDA concentration and extracellular release of enzymes (ALT, AST) were observed in group D2 compared with control and D1. The results of the present study demonstrated that cryopreservation of washed Pantja buck semen diluted with 5% BSP-supplemented EYT extender can improve post-thaw semen quality.

Effect of taurine in tris egg yolk citrate extender on quality of surti buck semen at refrigerated temperature

Semen was collected from four Surti bucks (>24 months-old) twice a week for 8 weeks (16 ejaculates per buck) during November, 2020 to March, 2021. Ejaculates of all four bucks were pooled and divided into five equal aliquots. The aliquots were diluted with tris-egg yolk-citrate (TEYC) extender containing 0 (control T1), 25 (T2), 50 (T3), 75 (T4) and 100 mM (T5) taurine with final concentration of 200x106 sperm/ml (pH 6.5 to 6.8) in each. At 24, 36 and 48 h of refrigerated storage, individual sperm motility, per cent live sperm and HOST reacted sperm were significantly (p<0.01) higher in T3 (50 mM) and abnormal sperm % was significantly (p<0.01) lower in T3 (50 mM) and T4 (75 mM) as compared to other groups. With increasing duration of storage, significant (p<0.01) increasing trend for abnormal sperm per cent and decreasing trend for rest of the characters were observed. Motility showed significant (p<0.01) positive correlation with live spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa and HOST-reacted spermatozoa. Live count showed significant (p<0.01) negative correlation with abnormal spermatozoa and significant (p<0.01) positive correlation with HOST-reacted spermatozoa. Live spermatozoa showed significant (p<0.01) negative correlation with abnormal spermatozoa and HOST non-reacted spermatozoa. Abnormal spermatozoa showed significant (p<0.01) negative correlation with HOST-reacted spermatozoa. It was concluded that supplementation of 50 mM taurine in TEYC extender maintained optimum quality of buck semen at refrigerated temperature up to 48 h.

Conservation of Buck's Spermatozoa during Cooling Storage Period through Cooling Medium Supplementation with L-Carnitine.

This research examined the influence of the addition of L-carnitine (LC) to cooling medium on buck's semen quality during cooling storage periods at 4oC. Semen samples were collected, diluted, assigned into four groups, and received LC (0, 1, 5, and 10 mM LC). The samples were then chilled to 4oC and stores for 48 h. Sperm total motility, progressive motility, viability, lipid peroxidation, membrane integrity, and mitochondrial activity were examined at 0, 24, and 48 h of cooling storage. At time 0 of cooling storage, different treatments showed no impact on the quality of sperm samples (P>0.05). During 24 and 48 h of chilling periods, the supplementation of cooling medium with 5 mM LC presented greater motility, viability, membrane integrity, and mitochondrial activity (P≤0.05), compared to the other groups. Moreover, the treatment of 5 mM LC caused lower lipid peroxidation (P≤0.05) than the other treatments at 24 and 48 h storage times. In conclusion, the supplementation of buck's cooling storage medium with 5 mM LC is a suitable way to protect buck spermatozoa during 24 and 48 h storage against cold-induced structural and functional damages.

Thymus satureioides and Origanum majorana essential oils improve the quality of Beni Arouss buck semen during storage at 4°C.

This study aims to investigate the effects of essential oils (EOs), extracted from Thymus satureioides (TS) and Origanum majorana (OM), on Beni Arouss buck semen quality stored in skimmed milk at 4°C. EOs were extracted by hydro-distillation, and the chemical compounds were determined. Ejaculates were collected from six Beni Arouss bucks, once a week for 10weeks, and they were pooled, divided into five equal aliquots and diluted to 400×106 sperm/ml with skimmed milk supplemented with 0.01% of OM EO, 0.01% of TS EO, 0.05% of OM EO and 0.05% of TS EO. Non-supplemented skimmed milk was considered as a control. Semen motility, kinematic parameters, viability, abnormality, membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation were evaluated at 0, 4, 8, 24, 28, 32 and 48hr of liquid storage at 4°C. The main EO components were carvacrol (31.7%), thymol (28.0%) and borneol (14.4%) for TS, and terpinene-4-ol (31.2%), γ-terpinene (17.4%) and α-terpinene (12.7%) for OM. The results highlighted a dose-dependent effect of TS and OM EOs on all semen quality parameters. 0.01% of both EOs had a beneficial effect on the sperm preservation stored at 4°C compared with control (p<.05) excepted for the straight-line velocity. The 0.05% EO addition had harmful effects during storage particularly for TS EO. In conclusion, 0.01% of TS and OM EOs are recommended to improve the Beni Arouss buck semen preservation at 4°C.

The quality of buck semen after feed additive minoxvit administration

&lt;p class="MDPI17abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Reproduction and nutritional status is closely related. Nutritional deficiency or insufficiency directly affects reproductive efficiency. Deficiency of nutrition could affect the sperm quality and the ability to fertilize. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feed additive (Minoxvit) on semen quality of buck.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MDPI17abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study used 6 sexually mature bucks, aged 1.5 years old. The bucks were fed daily with 3 kg of freshly chopped king grass, 1 kg of Legume (&lt;em&gt;Calliandra&lt;/em&gt; sp.), and 500 g of concentrate. Three bucks were given Minoxvit by 1.25 g/day in the concentrate, while three other bucks were considered as control. Semen was evaluated once a week for 49 days. Semen was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. The macroscopic evaluation consisted of volume, color, and consistency of semen, while microscopic evaluation consisted of mass motility, sperm motility, viability, and sperm concentration. Data were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design with Tukey test.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MDPI17abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The result showed significantly different (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0,05) in which bucks semen in Minoxvit addition group had higher semen volume (0.75 ml vs 0.54 ml), mass motility (3.32 vs 2.67), sperm motility (70% vs 58 %), sperm viability (86.67% vs 79.19%), and sperm consentration (2,6x10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; mL vs 1,7x10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; mL).&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study concludes that the addition of Minoxvit has a positive influence on the quality of buck sperms providing volume, mass motility, individual motility, viability, and concentration of the sperm.&lt;/p&gt;

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SARI WORTEL DALAM PENGENCER SITRAT KUNING TELUR TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA KAMBING BLIGON (The effect of carrot juice supplementation in citrate - egg yolk extender on spermatozoa quality of bligon goat)

This study aims to determine the effect of adding various doses of carrot juice into citrate-egg yolk diluents (C-EY) on bligon buck semen quality. Semen was collected twice a week using an artificial vaginal method of three buck with normal body condition and reproductive organs. Semen was 70% of motility, konsentration ≥1000x106mL and abnormality ≤ 15 diluted with C-EY added with carrot juice at a concentrations: 0% (CJ-0), 10% (CJ-10), 12.5% (CJ-12,5), 15% (CJ-15), 17.5% (CJ-17,5), and 20% (CJ-20), and stored in a refrigerator at 3-5o C. The quality of spermatozoa was evaluated every 24 hours. The Variables measured were spermatozoa motility, viability, and abnormalities. The results showed that spermatozoa preserved by C-EY supplemented by 17.5% carrot juice (CJ-17.5) had a higher quality (P&lt;0.05) compared to the other four treatments, with motility (49.04 ± 1.0%), viability (55.70 ± 1.22%), dan abnormalities (4.57 ± 0.88 %) on the 4th day of storage. This study concludes that 17.5% carrot juice into citrate eggyolk extender improves the bligon buck semen

Effect of cervical insemination with frozen semen on fertility of Indian goat breed

Artificial Insemination (AI) has great potential to multiply superior quality of goat with faster rate in spite of lower conception rate. This technique will spread elite genetic material throughout a population and is also important for breed conservation and has paved the way for other reproductive biotechnologies. Ejaculates from bucks aged between 2–4 years old from Jamunapari, Barbari, Sirohi and Jakhrana were collected using artificial vagina, twice a week. Immediately after collection, the volume, colour, consistency, and mass motility of ejaculate were assessed and were extended with Tris -Egg yolk- Fructose diluent having 10% (v/v) egg yolk and glycerol 6% (v/v). Sperm concentrations were adjusted to 1×108/ml and diluted semen was equilibrated at 5°C for 4 h before being frozen. The post thaw motility in Jamunapari and Barbari was significantly higher then Jakhrana and Sirohi. In two major breeding seasons (May–June and October–November), 181 goats of different breeds (Barbari, Jakhrana, Jamunapari and Sirohi) including 35 goats in villages were intra-cervical inseminated with frozen semen in natural estrous condition. The kidding percentage in Barbari, Jamunapari, Jakhrana and Sirohi were 53.12±2.40%, 34.61±1.96%, 26.53±2.12% and 28.57±2.32% respectively. Overall, a success rate of 37.57% was recorded on the basis of actual kidding rate irrespective of goat breed maintained at this institute under semi-intensive management system. The best post thaw quality of buck semen and comparative deeper cervical insemination in Barbari and Jamunapri breeds results in higher conception and kidding percent compared to other breeds (Sirohi and Jakhrana).