Buck-boost Power Factor Correction Converter Research Articles

PI Controller Based Power Factor Correction Circuit for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Solar Charging Module

The electrical vehicle requires power without losses or harmonics. The proposed method utilizes PV (photovoltaic)solar module as an input source, a converter of boost DC-DC buck incorporate for power peaks maximum in getting with MPPT approach, and the SPWM (Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation) inverter improves the performance by option shift in phase shift varying on the circuit. This aims to reduce the total harmonics distortion, losses switching, and improve the power factor. By varying the module of PV irradiances and temperature, the power is generated and it is peak power for utilizing maximum with MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) that has been tracked. The Buck-Boost PFC (power factor correction) converter is used; when it performs the active state of PV, the Buck mode is utilized; if no power supplies the circuit, the boost mode will act to supply the SPWM inverter mode. Here the PI controller is applied for reducing the harmonics and stores on charging unit of EVs. The result simulated obtains the circuit electricity utilized by source result, which improves the performance by the effective charging station, which is applicable for EVs charging module. Overall, the method proposed is done with MATLAB/Simulink tool with the adaptation of 2018a.

A Single-Stage LED Streetlight Driver with Soft-Switching and Interleaved PFC Features

This paper presents a single-stage driver with soft-switching and interleaved power-factor correction (PFC) features suitable for light-emitting diode (LED) energy-saving streetlight applications. The proposed LED streetlight driver integrates an interleaved buck-boost PFC converter with coupled inductors and a half-bridge LLC resonant converter into a single-stage power-conversion circuit with reduced voltage stress on the DC-linked capacitor and power switches, and it is suitable for operating at high utility-line voltages. Furthermore, coupled inductors in the interleaved buck-boost PFC converter are operated in discontinuous-conduction mode (DCM) for accomplishing PFC, and the half-bridge LLC resonant converter features zero-voltage switching (ZVS) to reduce switching losses of power switches, and zero-current switching (ZCS) to decrease conduction losses of power diodes. Operational modes and design considerations for the proposed LED streetlight driver are introduced. Finally, a 144 W (36V/4A)-rated LED prototype driver is successfully developed and implemented for supplying a streetlight module and operating with a utility-line input voltage of 220 V. High power factor, low output-voltage ripple factor, low output-current ripple factor, and high efficiency are achieved in the proposed LED streetlight driver.

A Dimmable Offline LED Driver With OOK-M-FSK Modulation for VLC Applications

This paper proposes a visible light communication (VLC) system consisting of a single-stage buck–boost power factor correction converter operating in the discontinuous conduction mode with dimming capability. Additionally, this paper proposes the on – off M-frequency shift keying modulation for the VLC system. This modulation allows for the transmission of more than a single bit for each switching period without affecting the dimming characteristics of the light-emitting diode luminaire. The design of the whole system is discussed in detail, including both transmitter and receiver modules. A 20-W laboratory prototype was built in order to verify the proposed modulation scheme. The experimental evaluation showed a good performance of the transmitter, which was able to perform simultaneously the desired functions, namely power factor correction, dimming, and data transmission. The receiver also achieved the desired performance with a low bit error rate (BER). The results showed that the proposed system was able to transfer data between emitter and receiver with a bit rate of 1.11 Mb/s at a frequency of up to 375 kHz over a distance of 10 m, and with a BER lower than $10^{-3}$ under the influence of external lighting sources with illuminance levels up to 500 lx.

Buck-Boost AC-DC LED Driver for Lamp with Visible Light Communication Module

A buck-boost AC-DC light-emitting diode (LED) driver for a lamp with a visible light communication (VLC) module is proposed in this paper. In the proposed LED driver, a buck-boost power factor correction converter is utilized for high power factor and regulated DC voltage. It is designed to be operated in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) with a 100 [kHz] switching frequency. To obtain a constant current for the LED light, current feedback control is adopted. For visible light communication (VLC), the VLC module consists of an auxiliary inductor and an auxiliary switch, which is connected to an LED string in parallel. The switching frequency of the LED string is 1 [MHz]. For data transfer and dimming control, variable pulse position modulation (VPPM) is used. The presented theoretical analysis and experimental results are verified on an input 90–130 [Vac] and 10 [W] experimental prototype.

Development of a ZVT-PWM Buck Cascaded Buck–Boost PFC Converter of 2 kW With the Widest Range of Input Voltage

This paper describes the development of a new buck cascaded buck–boost power factor correction (PFC) converter of 2 kW with a soft-switching technique. For its wide range of input voltage, it operates in both buck and boost modes. The parameters are properly selected to endure voltage and current stress in all operating ranges. In addition, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter is used to reduce the EMI noise and guarantee continuous input current in buck operation. Moreover, the zero-voltage-transient pulse-width-modulation (ZVT-PWM) method is applied to improve the overall efficiency of the converter. The performance of the proposed PFC converter with the widest range of input voltage is evaluated by the hardware experimental test including harmonics analysis based on the International Electrotechnical Commission standard in all operating ranges. Also, the variations of power factor are theoretically analyzed in both buck and boost modes to determine the widest input range of the proposed PFC converter of 2 kW with an EMI filter. These are strongly required to commercialize it in practice. Finally, the efficiency of proposed PFC converter is compared with that of a conventional buck cascaded buck–boost PFC converter under various conditions.

A Single-Stage High-Power-Factor Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Driver with Coupled Inductors for Streetlight Applications

This paper presents and implements a single-stage high-power-factor light-emitting diode (LED) driver with coupled inductors, suitable for streetlight applications. The presented LED driver integrates an interleaved buck-boost power factor correction (PFC) converter with coupled inductors and a half-bridge-type series-resonant converter cascaded with a full-bridge rectifier into a single-stage power conversion circuit. Coupled inductors inside the interleaved buck-boost PFC converter sub-circuit are designed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) for achieving input-current shaping, and the half-bridge-type series resonant converter cascaded with a full-bridge rectifier is designed for obtaining zero-voltage switching (ZVS) on two power switches to reduce their switching losses. Analysis of operational modes and design equations for the presented LED driver are described and included. In addition, the presented driver features a high power factor, low total harmonic distortion (THD) of input current, and soft switching. Finally, a prototype driver is developed and implemented to supply a 165-W-rated LED streetlight module with utility-line input voltages ranging from 210 to 230 V. Experimental results demonstrate that high power factor (>0.99), low utility-line current THD (<7%), low-output voltage ripples (<1%), low-output current ripples (<10%), and high circuit efficiency (>90%) are obtained in the presented single-stage driver for LED streetlight applications.

Single‐stage electrolytic capacitor less non‐inverting buck‐boost PFC based AC–DC ripple free LED driver

This study proposes electrolytic capacitor (EC) less power factor correction (PFC) light emitting diode (LED) driver with reduced current ripple. Generally PFC LED drivers need massive ECs to diminish output current ripple. The life-span of LED driver significantly reduces due to short life-span of ECs, and hence demands for EC-less LED drivers. The proposed LED driver is composed of non-inverting buck-boost PFC converter and bi-directional converter (BDC) for ripple current cancellation which replace the short-life ECs with long-life film capacitors. The PFC converter is designed with discontinuous conduction mode in order to ensure unity power factor operation. The role of BDC is to absorb second harmonic ac ripple current of PFC converter and allow the dc current to LED load. In addition, the desired BDC output voltage ( v cbc ) is higher than the PFC output voltage ( V LED ) irrespective of ac source voltage, hence, simplifies the control complexity. Theoretical analysis and predictions of the system have been validated using MATLAB/Simulink simulation, and experimentally validated with a prototype of 7 W. The results evident that PFC integrated BDC provide reduced ripple current with film capacitor as compared with EC counterpart and hence increase the life-span of LED driver.

A Novel Control for a Cascaded Buck–Boost PFC Converter Operating in Discontinuous Capacitor Voltage Mode

This paper presents a new dual-switch control structure for an ac/dc noninverting cascaded buck–boost power factor correction converter. The proposed converter operates at a discontinuous capacitor voltage mode providing an inherent high-power factor and a zero voltage turn-off switching. Additionally, the proposed control structure enables for a nondistorted sinusoidal current for a wide range of output voltage levels. Unlike the conventional methods, a mode detector is not required and consequently there is no hard transition between buck and boost modes. Although both converter switches are controlled, only one feedback control loop is required to obtain the desired power flow at a unity power factor. The principle of operation, theoretical analysis, simulation, and experimental results of a 1.6-kW prototype grid-connected converter are presented. The results confirmed the validity of the proposed system under various operating conditions.

An Average Current Modulation Method for Single-Stage LED Drivers With High Power Factor and Zero Low-Frequency Current Ripple

Conventional single-stage light-emitting diode (LED) drivers with a high power factor (PF) contain a significant LED current ripple at twice the ac line frequency, and would require large energy storage capacitors to limit the effect on LED light. Conventional designs and novel control techniques aim to power LED loads with a dc voltage to ensure a limited low-frequency LED current ripple. This paper proposes an average current modulation method that is designed to operate in conjunction with single-stage PF correction (PFC) circuits that contain significant ac voltage ripple, while maintaining zero low-frequency current ripple. This allows the energy storage capacitance of the PFC stage to be reduced, avoiding the need for electrolytic-type capacitors and prolonging the life of the LED driver. The average current modulation circuit requires a single low-voltage MOSFET, a current sense resistor, and a simple control circuit. By requiring no additional magnetic components, the cost of the current modulation circuit is very low and has minimal impact on the efficiency of the overall LED driver. Two experimental prototypes, an 8.75-W system with a buck–boost PFC converter and a 25-W system with a flyback PFC converter, have been built to verify the capability and excellent performance of the proposed driving technique.

Single-Inductor Dual-Output Buck–Boost Power Factor Correction Converter

A single-inductor dual-output (SIDO) buck–boost power factor correction (PFC) converter operating in critical conduction mode is proposed in this paper. By multiplexing a single inductor, each output of the SIDO buck–boost converter can be regulated independently. Compared with a conventional two-stage multiple-output converter, the SIDO buck–boost PFC converter benefits from significant overall cost saving, small size, and light weight. Moreover, the efficiency of the SIDO buck–boost PFC converter can be improved due to single-stage power conversion. The control strategy and characteristics of the proposed converter are analyzed. The efficiency, power factor, total harmonic distortion, and output accuracy are verified using the experimental results.

High-Efficiency ZVS AC-DC LED Driver Using a Self-Driven Synchronous Rectifier

This paper proposes a high-efficiency zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) AC-DC light-emitting-diode (LED) driver. The structure of the proposed converter is based on a buck-boost power-factor-correction (PFC) converter. Through replacement of an output diode with a self-driven synchronous rectifier (SR), the conduction loss decreases significantly, and there is no switching loss because of the ZVS operation of the switching devices. In addition, no additional control circuit is required and cost reduction is achieved because the SR is self-driven. The efficiency of the proposed converter is higher than that of the conventional critical-conduction-mode (CRM) buck-boost PFC converter, owing to the reduced conduction loss of the high-side output rectifier and no switching loss of either of the switches. For verifying the ZVS operation and efficiency improvement of the proposed AC-DC LED driver, theoretical analysis and experimental results of a 48-[V] and 1.4-[A] prototype for LED driver are discussed.

An Off-line Battery Charger based on Buck-boost Power Factor Correction Converter for Plug-in Electric Vehicles

This paper presents an off-line battery charger based on the buck-boost power factor correction (PFC) converter for plug-in electric vehicles (EV). The integrated battery charger is obtained from the traditional three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) for EV, which operates as buck-boost converter with power factor correction ability. The PFC controller is regulates the battery voltage and controls the supply current of the converter to achieve unity power factor which is very simple and gives good performance. The proposed buck-boost PFC converter is operating in buck mode and boost mode, which is alternatively carried out according to the relationship between the rectified input voltage and battery voltage. The practicality and performance of the battery charger of the proposed converter topology has been verified via simulation.

High‐efficiency two‐switch tri‐state buck–boost power factor correction converter with fast dynamic response and low‐inductor current ripple

Two-switch tri-state buck-boost power factor correction (PFC) converter operating in pseudo-continuous conduction mode is proposed and analysed in this study. Different from tri-state boost PFC converter, the proposed two-switch tri-state buck-boost PFC converter does not need additional power switch to provide the additional degree of control freedom. Therefore it does not increase the complexity and affect the power conversion efficiency of the PFC converter as in the case of tri-state boost PFC converter. For the proposed two-switch tri-state buck-boost PFC converter, the current control loop and voltage control loop are decoupled, a simple voltage control loop with faster dynamic response can be designed to realise output voltage regulation and the additional degree of control freedom introduced by inductor current freewheeling stage helps to achieve unity power factor control. The operation principle, the input current, the inductor current ripple, the switch component stress and the small-signal characteristics of the proposed two-switch tri-state buck-boost PFC converter are analysed. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed two-switch tri-state buck-boost PFC converter benefits with fast dynamic response, high-efficiency and low-inductor current ripple over single-switch buck-boost PFC converter or two-switch buck-boost PFC converter operating in continuous conduction mode and discontinuous conduction mode.

Single-stage driver for supplying high-power light-emitting-diodes with universal utility-line input voltages

The conventional two-stage non-isolated driver for high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is composed of a power-factor-correction (PFC) converter with a non-isolated flyback converter for regulating the output voltage/current for supplying LEDs. However, large numbers of circuit components are required and the total efficiency is limited because of two-stage power conversion. This study proposes a high-power LEDs driver based on a single-stage topology. The presented driver combines a buck-boost PFC converter with a non-isolated flyback converter with two output windings connected in series into a single-stage power-conversion circuit. The proposed driver offers high power factor, high efficiency, low total-harmonics-distortion (THD) of input utility-line current, cost-effectiveness and a constant-output voltage along with limited-output-current control scheme. Finally, a prototype driver is developed and tested in order to supply a 100 W LED light bar module with universal utility-line input voltages for indoor or outdoor general lighting applications. Operational analysis, design equations, a design example and experimental results provided by examining three LED light bar modules demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed circuit.

PWM Technique for Non-Isolated Three-Phase Buck-Boost PFC Converter

The buck-boost power factor corrected (PFC) converter has the wide range of the dc output voltage. A new non-isolated three-phase hard-switching and a soft-switching buck-boost PFC converter are proposed. Removing the three-phase transformer from the converters makes their size more compact and their costs lower. In addition, the new control method based on the PWM technique is proposed in this paper to achieve the high power factor. Complete soft-switching is also achieved under the discontinuous current mode (DCM) operation.

Single-Stage Single-Switch High-Power-Factor Electronic Ballast for Fluorescent Lamps

This paper presents an efficient, small-sized, and cost-effective single-switch power-factor-correction (PFC) scheme for high-frequency electronic ballasts. The circuit topology originates from the integration of a buck-boost PFC converter and class-E electronic ballast. Only one active power switch is commonly used by both power stages to save the cost of active switches and control circuits. The active switch is controlled by pulsewidth modulation at a fixed switching frequency and constant duty cycle. The electronic ballast can achieve nearly unity power factor by operating the buck-boost converter at discontinuous conduction mode. With carefully designed circuit parameters, the active power switch can be operated at zero-voltage switching, leading to high circuit efficiency. A prototype circuit designed for a PL-27-W compact fluorescent lamp is built and tested to verify the theoretical predictions. Satisfactory performance is obtained from the experimental results.

A single-phase buck-boost PFC converter with output-voltage, ripple-reducing operation

This paper describes a new single-phase buck-boost power-factor-correction (PFC) converter with output-voltage, ripple reducing operation. The converter consists of a conventional buck-boost PFC converter and an additional switch to obtain a freewheeling mode of the dc inductor current, and is operated by two modulators. The first modulator controls the buck-boost switch to obtain PFC. The other modulator controls the square value of the instantaneous dc inductor current to perform the output-voltage-ripple-reducing operation. In the two modulations, the time integral value of the input and output currents in each modulation period are controlled directly and indirectly, respectively. Thus, modulation errors or undesirable distortions of the input current and output voltage ripple are eliminated even if the dc inductor current produces large ripple in a low-frequency range. The theories and combination techniques for the two modulators, implementation, and experimental results are described. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 126(2): 56–70, 1999

A Single-Phase Buck-Boost PFC Converter woth Output-Voltage-Ripple-Reducing Operation

This paper describes a new single-phase buck-boost Power-Factor-Correction (PFC) converter with outputvoltage-ripple-reducing operation. The converter consists of a conventional buck-boost PFC converter and an additional switch to obtain a freewheeling mode of the dc-inductor current, and is operated by two modulators. The first modulator controls the buck-boost switch to obtain PFC. The other modulator controls square-value of the instantaneous-dc-inductor-current to perform the output-voltage-ripple-reducing operation. In the two modulations, the time-integral-value of the input and output currents in each modulation period are controlled directly and indirectly, respectively. Thus, modulation errors or undesirable distortions of the input-current and output-voltage-ripple are eliminated even if the dcinductor-current produces large ripples in a low frequency range. The theories and combination techniques for the two modulators, implementation and experimental results are described.