Bubble Chamber Photography Research Articles

A high resolution camera for bubble chamber photography

An account is given of the development of a camera system designed for the SLAC 1-m bubble chamber. The camera is used to photograph the decay vertices of charmed particles.

A camera shutter used in high resolution bubble chamber photography

A cylindrical rotating shutter for a high resolution bubble chamber camera is described. It eliminates several undesirable effects of interference from the low resolution photography system.

New applications of photographic materials in science and technique

In spite of some disatvantages photographic materials based on silver halides possess the outstanding feature of high sensitivity. So again and again special photographic materials have been developed for new techniques including information storage. This contribution reports on some special photographic materials and it briefly discusses some applications. Materials are discussed in detail for holography, carrier-frequency photography, producing masks for integrated circuits, recording equidensities, bubble chamber photography, and for neutron-radiography.

Holographic particle sizing techniques

Holography provides a method of storing the information (size and relative position) of a dynamic three-dimensional distribution of particles so that a stationary image can be produced for detailed study. The depth of field is considerably better than normal image formation. The major technique involves forming an in-line Fraunhofer hologram; this hologram is the interference pattern formed between the far field diffraction pattern of the particles and an in-line background. Off-axis holography can also be used. The basic principles of these methods are described, and practical limitations and advantages discussed. Application of the methods to fog, mist, sprays, rocket engine studies, two phase flow, bubble chamber photography, electron beam holography, etc. are reviewed.

Application of holographic interference to bubble chamber photography

Applying holographic interference using linearly polarized light to bubble chamber photography, one can improve the precision of bubble size measurement, its contrast and resolution of adjoining bubble tracks than using ordinary hologram principle.

A Telecentric Camera Lens for Bubble Chamber Photography

A 127 mm, F/25, 54° telecentric objective has been designed and made for use with the 80 cm liquid helium bubble chamber of the Rutherford High Energy Laboratory.

Obtaining Increased Focal Depth in Bubble Chamber Photography by an Application of the Hologram Principle

Obtaining Increased Focal Depth in Bubble Chamber Photography by an Application of the Hologram Principle

Man - Machine Collaboration in the Analysis of Bubble Chamber Photography for High - Energy Physics

A high-resolution, high-precision mechanical flying spot digitizer (FSD) operating on-line to an IBM 7094 computer makes available to the computer some 20,000-50,000 coordinate pairs describing a bubble chamber picture in a time of a few seconds. The computer is guided by humans in its selection of relevant data -- normally by a few rough coordinates recorded in punched cards during a pre-scan, but also by a manual over-ride at the 7094 console in the event of failure in recognition at the time of precision measurement. The system is capable of transition to purely machine recognition as computer programs acquire sufficient subtlety and reliability. The Mark II FSD at Brook-haven is capable of 10 micron resolution and 1-2 micron accuracy over a 2" x 6" area of the photographic negative. Completed systems at Brookhaven and at the University of California in Berkeley are each processing strange-particle events at about the rate of 10 conventional measuring machines, with a further expansion in rate by about an order of magnitude envisioned. Similar systems are under construction at eight other laboratories in the United States and Eurone.

Bubble Chamber Photography

The conditions of bubble chamber photography are described, the characteristics of a suitable emulsion are derived and methods of testing emulsions for these characteristics are discussed.

Goid-Doped Silicon Detectors for the Control of Bubble Chamber Photography

The properties of a gold-doped silicon detector have been studied with ß-ray sorces. The observed peak of 0.6 Mev from a Sr90-Y90 source agrees well with the most probable energy loss in the detector, calculated for minimum ionizing electrons. Our ultimate aim is to use a matrix of 20 × 34 of such detectors to control our bubble chamber photography.