Brunswick Canada Research Articles

A Case Study on the Impact of Transportation of Mass Timber Products on the Cradle-to-Gate LCA Results for an Institutional Building

Mass timber products (MTPs) are being adopted in new building constructions and remodels in the last three decades, credited to their renewable and low carbon footprint characteristics. However, there are no mass timber manufacturers currently existing in Atlantic Canada. Extended distances of transporting MTPs to this region from other Canadian provinces may sacrifice the environmental benefits of using MTPs. This study was aimed to understand, via conducting a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA), the environmental impacts of a mid-rise institutional building, which is located in the Province of New Brunswick Canada. By comparing the current steel frame design of this building with an alternative mass timber building design with the same height range and function including the transportations of major building materials. It was found that the mass timber building design could still have environmental advantages over the steel structure, as much as 19.5% lower global warming impact and 16.8% lower ozone depletion impact, even with MTPs delivered from the furthest location considered in this study. However, the disadvantages in other impact categories, such as 31.9% higher smog impact, 13.6% higher acidification impact, and 248.2% higher eutrophication impact were found when using the TRACI impact assessment in this whole building LCA study.

The New Brunswick Act Respecting Research Three Years Later: A Data Trickle Turns into a Flood

IntroductionIn New Brunswick Canada (NB) in 2017, the Provincial Government passed a bill called the Act Respecting Research. This Act took the form of an omnibus bill modifying 20 pieces of legislation to define a legal authority for the New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training (NB-IRDT) to receive prepared, linkable microdata from multiple public bodies in NB. This was followed in 2019 by a second Act Respecting Research that broadened the scope of the first. Together this legislation has helped to expand NB-IRDT’s data holdings from its first dataset – hospital records received in 2015 – to over 40 different linkable datasets as of March 2020. These datasets are underpinning ambitious research partnerships between NB-IRDT and the Provincial Government.
 Objectives and ApproachThis presentation will detail the rapid progress made since the first Act was passed in 2017 and presented at IPDLN-2018. It will outline enabling factors, including secured funding, the central role of the Department of Health, engagement with senior decisionmakers, and interaction with other provincial data centres and national networks including HDRN Canada. Ongoing and new challenges arising from the rapid increase in the scale of data collection and their resolution will be discussed.
 ResultsIn addition to a wide range of provincial health administrative and clinical datasets, recent datasets include school records (report cards, standardized testing, attendance), income support data, workers compensation claims data, higher education program and graduation data, court appearances, adult training/retraining programs and immigration landing records. All files are linkable at the individual level. Multi-year research projects to support program evaluation are underway, with departments now able to access other agency data through NB-IRDT.
 Conclusion / ImplicationsNB-IRDT and the experience in NB offer important lessons for other jurisdictions aiming to expand access to linkable multi-agency data for research and evaluation.

Participation and retention in the breast cancer screening program in New Brunswick Canada.

New Brunswick (NB) Canada uses its breast cancer screening service program to assess the extent to which eligible NB women are complying with mammography guidelines. While many studies have investigated factors associated with participation in periodic breast cancer screening in Canada and elsewhere, most work has relied on self-reported surveys or smaller scale primary data collection. Using a longitudinal administrative dataset for NB over the period 1996–2011 of 255,789 eligible women aged 45–69, this study examined demographic, socioeconomic and geographic factors associated with initial participation in regular screening at age 50 and ongoing retention in the program. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates of initial screening, while rescreening participation was estimated using survival analysis accounting for rescreening episodes. Initial screening participation was lower for women born outside of NB, many women living farther away from screening centers, women in rural areas, and higher for married women. In contrast, retention was higher for rural women and women recently arrived in NB. For both participation and retention, regional disparities across health zone persisted after controlling for observable personal and locational factors. The analysis highlights important characteristics to be targeted to increase screening but also that how health zones operate their screening programs exerts a very significant effect on the use of screening services by eligible women. This offers lessons for the design and evaluation of any cancer screening program.

Allanite U[sbnd]Pb geochronology by 193 nm LA ICP-MS using NIST610 glass for external calibration.

The viability of using NIST610 glass as an external standard for allanite UThPb geochronology by 193nm laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry was investigated. Laser ablation conditions were optimized to minimize time-dependent fractionation of Pb/U and Pb/Th. A data reduction scheme (VizualAge_UMod) was additionally used to apply Pb/U fractionation corrections when the standard contains an enriched 238U/235U ratio (NIST610=420) compared to natural materials. Optimization of ablation conditions was carried out on natural allanite material separated from a ~415Ma tonalite intrusion (Hartfield intrusion, New Brunswick Canada). Conditions of 25s of ablations at 1J/cm2, 3Hz, and a 45μm crater diameter were established. This produced 3μm deep craters, and a near-steady-state, low mass-load, material transfer to the ICP-MS producing negligible time-dependent Pb/U and Pb/Th fractionation. Increasing fluence only modestly up to 3J/cm2 induced time-dependent Pb/U fractionation. To test for any residual matrix dependencies, the long-term reproducibility, accuracy, and absolute precision of the method was verified using ~31.5Ma Siss3 allanite material (Bergell Intrusion, Switzerland). The method yielded accurate and precise Pb/U ad Pb/Th ages that compare favourably to alternative allanite dating methods. As a further test, allanite separated from the Hartfield tonalite was analyzed and yielded an age that overlaps within error of the TIMS titanite UPb age for the intrusion. This is despite a partially amorphous microstructure as documented by Raman spectroscopy and optical microscopy. The results of this study emphasize the need to empirically calibrate laser fluence conditions that yield minimal element fractionation and to establish robust plasma settings. These conditions are unlikely to yield highest sensitivity, but should minimize the effects of the numerous laser-induced and plasma ionization processes that lead to Pb/U fractionation.

Factors to consider in evaluating the management and conservation effectiveness of a whale sanctuary to protect and conserve the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis)

Abstract This paper examines key factors used in protecting the migratory North Atlantic right whale within the context of a marine protected area (MPA) system, using the Grand Manan Whale Conservation Area, in New Brunswick Canada, as a case study example. Designated as a conservation area in 1993, before the Oceans Act came into effect, the Grand Manan conservation area currently does not form part of the Canadian network of MPAs. Given the possibility that MPA designation may occur, the paper examines factors that should be considered in meeting International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) MPA design criteria and IUCN evaluation model requirements. An MPA evaluation framework based on an IUCN evaluation model (Hockings et al., 2000 [1] ) is designed to assess the effectiveness of an MPA in protecting a migratory right whale. Case study results indicate that current management and research activities for the Grand Manan conservation area address most governance, biophysical and socio-economic issues under an IUCN evaluation framework. On a site basis, it is recommended that the Grand Manan conservation area be designated as a component of the Canadian network of MPAs and that regulations be developed and implemented under the Species at Risk Act to clearly define activities considered damaging or destructive to right whale critical habitat. Recommendations also suggest the preparation of a combined site management-action plan for the Grand Manan conservation area indicating how activities specified in North Atlantic Right Whale Recovery Strategy will be implemented locally. On a regional and international basis, recommendations call for an internationally coordinated and integrated approach to right whale protection within the context of a network of designated critical habitat areas. Recommended activities include: continued Canadian participation in cross-border research and actions to mitigate threats to the right whales over their migratory range; development of a regional right whale management and monitoring strategy; and designation of additional critical habitats in national/international waters. It is further recommended that the evaluation framework developed by this paper be used as a model in assessing the conservation and management effectiveness of MPAs protecting other migratory marine species.

History for High Schoolers: The Atlantic Canada Virtual Archives

In 2002, Margaret Conrad, the University of New Brunswick's Canada Research Chair in Atlantic Canada Studies (CRC), in cooperation with UNB's Electronic Text Centre, began the development of a portal website designed to provide scholars of Atlantic Canada with one stop shopping for resources pertaining to the region. Included in the portal website is a searchable database of works published on the region, an e-print repository, and a wide selection of annotated links on Atlantic Canada. In addition to these features, the CRC also began an ambitious internal program of online publishing which led to the development of the Atlantic Canada Virtual Archives (ACVA). Funded in part by the Canadian Foundation for Innovations, the ACVA is a digital archive of historical documents. It currently hosts selections from two archival collections: the papers of prominent loyalist Edward Winslow and the McQueen Family Papers.[1] This paper will explore the development of the ACVA website, following the project from the idea stage, through the digital imaging and resource development stages, to the finished product.

`I Just Needed a Rest': Women's Experiences of Psychiatric Hospitalization

This research explored the experiences of 27 women who had been hospitalized in psychiatric units in southern New Brunswick Canada. The women's accounts of their experiences of hospital admission, treatment and discharge are described. Hospitalization provided the women with a respite from burdensome family responsibilities and unsatisfactory relationships in a safe, protected environment. However, this asylum aspect of hospitalization was contrasted with the powerlessness experienced by the women because of their lack of control over decisions made about their admission, treatment and discharge. In conclusion, it is argued that strategies for the improvement of mental health care for women should be grounded in an understanding of women's experiences.

Multidisciplinary exploration of the BOG volcanogenic massive-sulphide prospect, Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada

The BOG volcanogenic massive sulphide occurrence lies in the Brunswick Camp., within 3 km of the now mined out Wedge deposit, in New Brunswick Canada. Orientation soil sampling identified an outstanding CuPbZn anomaly reflecting the prospect after a routine survey conforming to normal industry standards had failed to locate anomalous conditions. The BOG occurrence is mantled by 1 to 2 m of very local till overlain by up to 1 m of bog. The prospect was found after drill testing a strong base metal anomaly defined by a deep overburden survey of 73 holes following up the soil anomaly. The first hole intersected a 3.8-m zone averaging 18% Pb + Zn, 0.78% Cu. 70 ppm Ag and 1.3 ppm Au, but subsequent drilling did not lead to a commercial discovery. Diamond drilling of known geophysical anomalies near the BOG prospect has not been rewarded by discovery. Orientation geophysical surveys have also failed to detect the BOG prospect, leading to the conclusion that the occurrence is too small to be geophysically responsive. Distribution of ore, pathfinder and alteration elements define halos and zoning patterns in bedrock which are reflected in the geochemistry of immediately overlying deep overburden. The B-horizon soil survey shows similar patterns but a larger target is provided with anomalous zones displaced up to 50 m from their source in bedrock.

Hypercomplete Convergence Spaces

Mathematische NachrichtenVolume 116, Issue 1 p. 153-157 Article Hypercomplete Convergence Spaces Ronald Beattie, Ronald Beattie Dept. of Math. and Comp. Science Mount Allison University Sackville, New Brunswick Canada - EOA 3C0Search for more papers by this author Ronald Beattie, Ronald Beattie Dept. of Math. and Comp. Science Mount Allison University Sackville, New Brunswick Canada - EOA 3C0Search for more papers by this author First published: 1984 https://doi.org/10.1002/mana.19841160110Citations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume116, Issue11984Pages 153-157 RelatedInformation