Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Of Prematurity Research Articles

Targeting miR-146b-5p to Regulate KDM6B Expression Aggravates Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

miR-146b-5p has been studied to be highly expressed in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but whether it is involved in regulating the process of BPD in premature infants remains unclear. This study was to explore miR-146b-5p in premature BPD and reveal its molecular mechanism. BPD mouse model and high-oxygen MLE-12 cell model were established. HE staining, TUNEL staining, and IF staining were conducted to evaluate the pathological injury and protein expression in mouse lung tissue. LDH assay, MMT assay, and flow cytometry were achieved to evaluate cytotoxicity, cell viability, and apoptosis. ELISA and immunoblotting were performed to evaluate inflammatory cytokines and Wnt pathway proteins in lung tissues and cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were needed to examine the targeting relationship between miR-146b-5p and KDM6B. miR-146b-5p was abundantly expressed in BPD and KDM6B was lowly expressed. miR-146b-5p knockdown improved hyperoxia-induced lung epithelial cell inflammation and apoptosis in both models. miR-146b-6p upregulation or KDM6B downregulation aggravated hyperoxia-induced inflammation and apoptosis of lung epithelial cells. This effect of overexpressing miR-146b-5p was rescued by forcing KDM6B. MiR-146b-5p activated Wnt signaling by regulating KDM6B. miR-146b-5p activates the Wnt pathway through targeted regulation of KDM6B, thereby aggravating hyperoxia-induced inflammation and apoptosis of lung epithelial cells.

Caffeine: Benefits, Risks and Effects-A Review

Caffeine, the world’s most widely consumed psychoactive drug is a central nervous system(CNS) stimulantof the methylxanthine class. It is a white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid which is bitter in taste.Caffeine is structurally related to the adenine and guanine bases of DNA and RNA. It is found in the nuts,seeds or leaves of a number of plants native to East Asia, Africa, and South America, and its natural functionis to prevent germination of nearby seeds and to protect them against predator insects. Caffeine can haveboth positive and negative impact on human health. It can be used to treat and prevent the premature infantbreathing disorders such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia of prematurity and apnea of prematurity. Caffeinecitrate is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines which confers a modest protective effect againstsome diseases, including Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is classified by the US FDA as generally recognizedas safe(GRAS). Toxic doses are over 10 gm/day for an adult, which are much higher than the typical doseof under 500 mg/day. However, pure powdered caffeine, available as a dietary supplement, can be lethal intablespoon-sized amounts. In this review article, we discuss about the health benefits and adverse effects ofcaffeine along with its future prospects.

Recent advances in inflammation related factors of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe respiratory disease which is common in premature infants.The pathogenesis of BPD has not been clear completely.However,the inflammation factor is considered to be an important pathogenetic factor.In recent years,the understanding of the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of BPD also has further development at home and abroad.Factors,such as infection,oxidative stress,and mechanical ventilation in the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of premature BPD are reviewed in this article. Key words: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ; Inflammation ; Premature infant

ALTERED PULMONARY INTERLEUKIN-6 SIGNALING IN PRETERM INFANTS DEVELOPING BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA

Interleukin (IL)-6 signaling depends on the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and the soluble glycoprotein 130 (sgp130). To investigate the impact of IL-6 signaling on the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia of prematurity (BPD), IL-6, sIL-6R, and sgp130 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique in tracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated preterm infants. Infants developing BPD showed increased concentrations of IL-6, sIL-6R, and sgp-130 in their first week of life. These infants also had significantly higher molar ratios for IL-6/sIL-6R and IL-6/sgp130. The authors conclude that altered interleukin-6 signaling via the soluble receptors sIL-6R and sgp130 may play an important role in pulmonary inflammation of preterm infants.