Broadcast Services Research Articles

Multiple Resonance Quasi‐fluorescence from BN‐Doped Aromatic Compounds Modified with "Naphthalene" Units Approaches the BT.2020 Green Light Standard

Creating fluorophores that meet the Broadcast Service Television 2020 (BT.2020) standard is a significant achievement. In this paper, we present an innovative strategy that could revolutionize the development of high‐performance narrowband fluorophores for ultra‐high‐definition displays. Our approach combines classic multi‐resonance BN‐doped fragments with naphthalene, creating two novel narrowband bright green quasi‐fluorescent emitters, NT‐2B and NT‐3B. When tested in dilute toluene, these molecules exhibit emission peaks at 510 and 511 nm with extremely narrow FWHM values of 15 and 14 nm, respectively. Both molecules also demonstrate conventional fluorescence properties with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of up to 85%. Notably, OLEDs containing NT‐2B achieve a peak EQE of approximately 30% and at a doping concentration of 5 wt.%, OLEDs based on NT‐2B achieve a CIEy value of roughly 0.75, closely matching the BT.2020 standard.

Multiple Resonance Quasi‐fluorescence from BN‐Doped Aromatic Compounds Modified with "Naphthalene" Units Approaches the BT.2020 Green Light Standard

Creating fluorophores that meet the Broadcast Service Television 2020 (BT.2020) standard is a significant achievement. In this paper, we present an innovative strategy that could revolutionize the development of high‐performance narrowband fluorophores for ultra‐high‐definition displays. Our approach combines classic multi‐resonance BN‐doped fragments with naphthalene, creating two novel narrowband bright green quasi‐fluorescent emitters, NT‐2B and NT‐3B. When tested in dilute toluene, these molecules exhibit emission peaks at 510 and 511 nm with extremely narrow FWHM values of 15 and 14 nm, respectively. Both molecules also demonstrate conventional fluorescence properties with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of up to 85%. Notably, OLEDs containing NT‐2B achieve a peak EQE of approximately 30% and at a doping concentration of 5 wt.%, OLEDs based on NT‐2B achieve a CIEy value of roughly 0.75, closely matching the BT.2020 standard.

Word of the year 1919

In Iceland, the word of the year is chosen annually, both by the Icelandic National Broadcasting Service and the Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies (AMI). We explore the possibility of doing the same but for a year more than 100 years ago. We try using the same methods as AMI does for our times. This approach has various limitations, which we discuss, and raises many questions, such as how much texts from journals and periodicals reflect the actual word use of the time.

Radio Free Europe’s Polish Broadcasting Service vis-à-vis the Millennium and Church - State Relations (1965-1966)

This article presents an analysis of selected broadcasts by Radio Free Europe’s Polish Broadcasting Service on the 1966 celebration of the Millennium of the Christianisation of Poland, against the background of the relationship between the Church and state. The source material consists of programmes available online on the Radio Liberty website and articles published in the monthly magazine Na Antenie/On Air from 1965 to 1966. The author's intention is to show the role and meaning of radio broadcasts vis-à-vis the Millennium Poloniae celebrations, which were of a religious and political nature. The radio station, under the direction of Jan Nowak-Jeziorański, defended the authority of Primate Stefan Wyszyński against communist propaganda, while serving as the only source of information for audiences in the country with respect to the Novena initiated in 1956, which culminated in the Millennium. Aside from RFE’s political objectives, the broadcasts served to counter the propaganda and the campaign against the Church and to break the media monopoly in the People’s Republic of Poland. Having a formative and integrative character, they also contributed to the preservation of the listeners’ religious identity.

Enhancing 5G Broadcast Services in Large-Scale IoV Networks Using Reliable RIS Relaying

Enhancing 5G Broadcast Services in Large-Scale IoV Networks Using Reliable RIS Relaying

Packet Retransmission Schemes and Trials for Broadcast Services in Mobile Scenarios

Packet Retransmission Schemes and Trials for Broadcast Services in Mobile Scenarios

Strategies of Achieving Work-Life Balance Among Married Female Journalists of Taraba State Broadcasting Service (TSBS) Jalingo

In order to reconcile their demanding professional and family commitments, married female journalists frequently confront particular difficulties. The strategies married female journalists use to strike a work-life balance, the effects of such strategies on the mechanisms to aid them overcome the challenges are examined in this study. This research uses in-depth interview, to examine the coping strategies, networks of support, and self-care routines these women employ to manage the demands of their careers and personal lives. The results show that they synergize with their colleagues to meet up, they also have to work ahead of time. It was also revealed that excessive demands and responsibilities lead to conflict leading to increased stress and anxiety due to conflicting demands and responsibilities. The study used Role Conflict Theory which proposes that individuals experience conflict when trying to fulfill multiple roles (e.g., work, family, personal), leading to stress, anxiety, and decreased performance. The theory holds that, excessive demands and responsibilities lead to conflict and that incompatible demands and expectations from different roles also lead to conflict. The study recommends that media stations should recognize and reward hardworking married female Journalists, implement gender sensitive policies like parental leave, childcare. Married Female Journalists should employ maids to relief them of domestic duties; and stations should provide creches for married Female Journalists to take care of their babies. The study contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between work and family life among married female journalists, providing insights for promoting their well-being and career sustainability.

A perspective on boron-based multiple resonance narrowband emitters and devices

Boron-based multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescent (MR-TADF) emitters have shown great promises for applications in high-definition displays. This class of heteroatom-doped nanographene materials typically show very narrow-band emission, small singlet–triplet split (ΔEST) values, high Photoluminescence quantum yield, quality chemical and thermal stabilities. Undoubtedly, boron-based MR-TADF emitters hold a leading position in satisfying the wide-color gamut standard of BT. 2020 (The International Telecommunication Union announced a new color gamut standard of broadcast service television for ultra-high-definition TV in 2012). Thus, the development of novel boron-based MR-TADF emitters attracted a great deal of attention from both academia and industry. Here, a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in boron-based MR-TADF emitters is presented, therein, rational strategies for molecular designs, as well as the consequent optical behavior and efficiency and lifetime improvement in organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) devices are discussed. Finally, the challenges as well as some future research directions to unlock the full potential of this fascinating class of materials are provided.

COMMUNITY RADIO BROADCASTING: REGAINING THE LOST FAITH AND AUTHENTICITY OF RADIO BROADCASTING IN INDIA

The debacle of conventional broadcast media, in spanning and drawing the local communities has stimulated the mandate of Community Broadcasting. Through the times, communal media has risen as a feasible alternative option to the conventional and recognized media. A highly sought-after kind of civic broadcasting is the ‘Community Radio’, and it is fervently utilized and functioned in a community, intended for the community and by members of the community. As the public service broadcaster in India, All India Radio offers the best radio programming. Nowadays, private FM radio stations are considered to be second-tier. The third tier, community radio, promises to be the most accessible. The reach of community radio in India has significantly increased over the past 20 years. In the country today, there are more than 350 active community radio stations, the majority of which serve rural areas. In community radio, the creators of information and communications are from resident communities and delineate local worries and unease through constant involvement which makes it trustworthy and authentic. The public services broadcasting has been questioned over the issues of authenticity as it is recognised as the mouthpiece of government whereas commercial and entertainment-related concerns dominate the private FM Radio. Community radio uses its own distinctive idioms and terminology to inform, educate and engage the community using a low cost, low return model of operation. This paper investigates how the community radio has emerged as an authentic and trustworthy medium of communication in the contemporary broadcasting services. The foremost and widely recognised community radio station in the Indian state of Rajasthan, Apno Radio Banasthali 90.4 FM has been chosen for conducting the case study. The conclusions of this research divulge that the community radio has regained the lost faith and authenticity of radio broadcasting particularly in terms of information dissemination.

Fast Decoding of Polar Codes for Digital Broadcasting Services in 5G

Fast Decoding of Polar Codes for Digital Broadcasting Services in 5G

Improving IoT Device Power Efficiency: Discontinuous Reception for Mixed Traffic in Multicast and Broadcast Services

Improving IoT Device Power Efficiency: Discontinuous Reception for Mixed Traffic in Multicast and Broadcast Services

“Stay tuned!"

“Stay tuned!"

Forecasting Ionospheric TEC Changes Associated with the December 2019 and June 2020 Solar Eclipses: A Comparative Analysis of OKSM, FFNN, and DeepAR Models

This paper presents forecast and investigation of the variation in ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) during the solar eclipses (SEs) of December 2019 and June 2020 using three different methods: Deep Autoregressive model (DeepAR), Feed-Forward Neural Network (FFNN), and Ordinary Kriging-based Surrogate Model (OKSM), and the TEC data predicted by DeepAR, FFNN, and OKSM were compared with the actual TEC during the observation days. The study was conducted based on GPS data taken from the IISC receiver located in Bangalore, India, during the SEs which happened on 26.12.2019 and 21.06.2020. The TEC data were examined to assess the effect of solar eclipses on TEC values. Eighty-day prior TEC data for the IISC station are gathered from IONOLAB servers along with the other parameter data like Dst, Ap, F10.7, and Kp taken from OMNIWEB servers which were used to predict TEC. The reliability of the forecasted results is evaluated using numerical factors like Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), Correlation Coefficient (CC), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and R-squared. The study demonstrates the usefulness of combining multiple methods for analyzing TEC variations during SEs and highlights the potential of OKSM, FFNN, and DeepAR models for studying TEC variation in the same context. The findings may be useful for satellite broadcasting and navigational services and for further research into the influence of solar eclipses on the TEC changes.

Innovation Analysis of Scene Fusion-driven Live Marketing for Agricultural Products

With the development of the economy and society, the process of agricultural modernization in our country is constantly advancing, and agricultural product consumption also presents the momentum of rapid development. In recent years, the live-streaming e-commerce industry has developed rapidly, becoming an important driving force for economic recovery. As a new marketing method, live streaming e-commerce can not only play a positive role in promoting the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture but also provide an important driving force for the development of the rural economy, live streaming to help agriculture will also become a new trend of live streaming of e-commerce. This paper selects the case of "East Buy" as the research object, based on the relevant theories of scene marketing, discusses the innovation points of agricultural products live broadcast service scene and puts forward feasible marketing strategies for the sustainable development of online live broadcast with goods.

Q-learning and fuzzy logic multi-tier multi-access edge clustering for 5g v2x communication

ABSTRACT The 5th generation (5 G) network is required to meet the growing demand for fast data speeds and the expanding number of customers. Apart from offering higher speeds, 5 G will be employed in other industries such as the Internet of Things, broadcast services, and so on. Energy efficiency, scalability, resiliency, interoperability, and high data rate/low delay are the primary requirements and obstacles of 5 G cellular networks. Due to IEEE 802.11p’s constraints, such as limited coverage, inability to handle dense vehicle networks, signal congestion, and connectivity outages, efficient data distribution is a big challenge (MAC contention problem). In this research, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) services are used to overcome bandwidth constraints in very dense network communications from cellular tool to everything (C-V2X). Clustering is done through multi-layered multi-access edge clustering, which helps reduce vehicle contention. Fuzzy logic and Q-learning and intelligence are used for a multi-hop route selection system. The proposed protocol adjusts the number of cluster-head nodes using a Q-learning algorithm, allowing it to quickly adapt to a range of scenarios with varying bandwidths and vehicle densities.

Physical Layer Enhancements for High-Reliability Multicast and Broadcast Services in 5G Release-17

Physical Layer Enhancements for High-Reliability Multicast and Broadcast Services in 5G Release-17

An SVR-Based Radio Propagation Prediction Model for Terrestrial FM Broadcasting Services in Beijing and Its Surrounding Area

An SVR-Based Radio Propagation Prediction Model for Terrestrial FM Broadcasting Services in Beijing and Its Surrounding Area

From Wax Cylinder to Metal Disc: Transplanting Robert Lachmann’s “Oriental Music” Project from Berlin to Jerusalem on the Eve of World War II

Of the multidisciplinary cohort of scholars associated with the Berlin Phonogramm-Archiv in its formative decades, it is Robert Lachmann (1892–1939) who, in his approach to fieldwork and the importance he attached to it, comes closest to adopting the methods of classic ethnomusicology. In April 1935, having been dismissed from his post in the Prussian State Library under the Nazi racial laws, he took up a temporary appointment at the newly founded Hebrew University of Jerusalem with a mission to create an Archive of Oriental Music. He brought with him copies of his entire collection of some 500 wax cylinder recordings held in the Berlin Phonogramm-Archiv. Between 1935 and 1938, Lachmann made 956 recordings on metal disc documenting musical traditions of different "Eastern" communities of Palestine. His writings from this period, however, relied predominantly on research carried over from his Berlin years. The most substantial, and the first to be completed, is his monograph Jewish Cantillation and Song in the Isle of Djerba (Gesänge der Juden auf der Insel Djerba) based on his fieldwork in Djerba in 1929. In this contribution, I argue that Lachmann's pioneering study of this Tunisian Jewish community provided the methodological blueprint for much of his work in Palestine. I focus on his series of 12 radio programs, entitled "Oriental Music," transmitted by the Palestine Broadcasting Service between November 1936 and April 1937. The programs, which feature different groups living in or around Jerusalem, were illustrated by live studio performances by local musicians and singers, simultaneously recorded onto metal disc. In successive lectures, Lachmann presents fundamental ideas about the nature and evolution of musical practices and systems that are explored more fully in his Djerba monograph. Thwarted by inadequate finances and lack of institutional support, Lachmann's work was cut short by his premature death in May 1939 and it fell to his former student, Edith Gerson-Kiwi, to pick up the threads of his project. His collecting activities, together with the comparative vision that informed them, laid the foundations for the work of subsequent generations of ethnomusicologists.

Adjacent-Channel Compatibility Analysis of International Mobile Telecommunications Downlink and Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Reception in the 470–694 MHz Frequency Band Using Monte Carlo Simulation

This paper delves into the imperative need for coexistence and compatibility in the 470–694 MHz frequency band, as mandated by the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 (WRC-15) and the WRC-23. It focuses on challenges in the coexistence of Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (DTTB) and International Mobile Telecommunications-2020 (IMT-2020) services in downlink-only mode, particularly in adjacent-channel scenarios. Using Monte Carlo simulations, the study evaluates the probability of interference from IMT base stations with DTTB reception. The analysis thoroughly investigates the impact of the IMT transmitter’s Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) and the DTTB receiver’s Adjacent-Channel Selectivity (ACS) on the probability of interference. The results demonstrate a significant degradation in the DTTB reception probability at the edge of coverage based on standard assumptions. To address these challenges, this paper provides recommendations for mitigating interference. These include defining enhanced ACLR regulations for IMT base stations, implementing antenna discriminations, providing specialized filters, and establishing national coordination procedures. The research provides valuable insights for informed decision making in spectrum management within the 470–694 MHz band, aiming to facilitate the coexistence of DTTB and IMT-2020 services, in line with international regulations and best practices.

Precise Regulation of Multiple Resonance Distribution Regions of a B,N‐Embedded Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon to Customize Its BT2020 Green Emission

AbstractRecently, boron (B)/nitrogen (N)‐embedded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), characterized by multiple resonances (MR), have attracted significant attention owing to their remarkable features of efficient narrowband emissions with small full width at half maxima (FWHMs). However, developing ultra‐narrowband pure‐green emitters that comply with the Broadcast Service Television 2020 (BT2020) standard remains challenging. Precise regulation of the MR distribution regions allows simultaneously achieving the emission maximum, FWHM value, and spectral shape that satisfy the BT2020 standard. The proof‐of‐concept molecule TPABO‐DICz exhibited ultrapure green emission with a dominant peak at 515 nm, an extremely small FWHM of 17 nm, and Commission Internationale de l′Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.17, 0.76). The corresponding bottom‐emitting organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) exhibited a remarkably high CIEy value (0.74) and maximum external quantum efficiency (25.8 %). Notably, the top‐emitting OLED achieved nearly BT2020 green color (CIE: 0.14, 0.79) and exhibited a state‐of‐the‐art maximum current efficiency of 226.4 cd A−1, thus fully confirming the effectiveness of the above strategy.