Broadband Analog Network Coding Research Articles

Broadband Analog Network Coding With Robust Processing for Two-Way Relay Networks

In this letter, we study the robust processing for a single carrier two-way relay network with broadband analog network coding and imperfect channel state information. Based on a statistical model for channel estimation error, we derive the optimal coefficients of self interference cancellation and linear frequency domain equalization in the sense of minimizing the conditional mean square error given a channel estimate. Simulation results show that the proposed robust design can achieve better bit error rate performance than the conventional non-robust scheme.

Performance of pilot-assisted channel estimation without feedback for broadband ANC systems using OFDM access

Recently, broadband analog network coding (ANC) has intensively been studied due to its potential to increase the network capacity by exploiting the broadcasting nature of the wireless channel. However, channel state information (CSI) knowledge is required for self-information removal and signal detection. A low-complexity pilot-assisted channel estimation (PACE) scheme has been presented for broadband ANC, where feedback of the CSI estimates from the relay to the users is required. In this study, we propose a PACE scheme without CSI feedback from the relay for broadband ANC using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. In the first time slot the users transmit their respective pilots to the relay and in the second time slot the relay simply amplifies and forwards the received pilot signals to both users. Each user can then estimate all the CSI it needs for self-information removal and coherent signal detection, without requiring any feedback of the CSI estimates from the relay. We theoretically analyze the channel estimator’s mean square error (MSE) performance and evaluate the bit error rate (BER) and throughput performance of broadband ANC using the proposed PACE by computer simulation. The results show that the increase in the MSE of the proposed CE scheme causes only a slight BER performance degradation compared to the conventional PACE scheme with ideal feedback. However, the benefit of eliminating the CSI feedback can be seen in the throughput performance.

Performance Analysis of Analog Network Coding with Imperfect Channel Estimation in a Frequency-Selective Fading Channel

Broadcast nature of the wireless channel enables wireless communications to make use of network coding at the physical layer (PNC) to improve the network capacity. Recently, narrowband and later broadband analog network coding (ANC) were introduced as a simpler implementation of PNC. The ANC schemes require two time slots while in PNC three time slots are required for bi-directional communication between two nodes and hence ANC is more spectrum efficient. The coherent detection and self-information removal in ANC require accurate channel state information (CSI). {In this paper, we theoretically analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance with imperfect knowledge of CSI for broadband ANC using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), where the channel estimation error is modeled as a zero-mean complex Gaussian random variable. We investigate the BER performance for three cases: (i) the effect of imperfect self-information removal due to channel estimation (CE) error with fading tracking errors, (ii) the effect of imperfect self-information removal due to CE error without fading tracking errors}, and (iii) the ideal CE case. We discuss how, and by how much, our results obtained by theoretical analysis can be used for design of broadband ANC system with the imperfect knowledge of CSI. Our results show that imperfect channel estimation due to the noise effect has less impact on self-information removal than the imperfect channel estimation due to fading tracking errors. The tracking against fading is an important problem for accurate self-information removal as well as coherent detection and thus, the effect of channel time-selectivity is also theoretically studied. The achievable BER performance gains due to the polynomial time-domain channel interpolation are investigated using the derived close-form BER expressions and it was shown that the broadband ANC schemes with practical CE in a time- and frequency-selective channel should include a more sophisticated channel interpolation techniques since the impact of Doppler shift has prevalent effect on the achievable BER performance.

Fractionally Spaced Equalization for Asynchronous Broadband Analog Network Coding

Fractionally Spaced Equalization for Asynchronous Broadband Analog Network Coding

On Channel Estimation for Analog Network Coding in a Frequency-Selective Fading Channel

Recently, broadband analog network coding (ANC) was introduced for high-speed transmission over the wireless (frequency-selective fading) channel. However, ANC requires the knowledge of channel state information (CSI) for self-information removal and coherent signal detection. In ANC, the users' pilot signals interfere during the first slot, which renders the relay unable to estimate CSIs of different users, and, consequently, four time-slot pilot-assisted channel estimation (CE) is required to avoid interference. Naturally, this will reduce the capacity of ANC scheme. In this paper, we theoretically analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance of bi-directional broadband ANC communication based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radio access. We also theoretically analyze the performance of the channel estimator's mean square error (MSE). The analysis is based on the assumption of perfect timing and frequency synchronization. The achievable BER performance and the estimator's MSE for broadband ANC is evaluated by numerical and computer simulation. We discuss how, and by how much, the imperfect knowledge of CSI affects the BER performance of broadband ANC. It is shown that the CE scheme achieves a slightly higher BER in comparison with ideal CE case for a low and moderate mobile terminal speed in a frequency-selective fading channel.

The Performance of Network Coding at the Physical Layer with Imperfect Self-Information Removal

Network capacity for bidirectional communication between pairs of wireless end users assisted by a relay terminal can be improved by network coding at the physical layer (PNC). Narrowband analog network coding (ANC) was introduced as a simpler implementation of PNC in a flat (i.e., frequency-nonselective fading) channel. Recently, broadband ANC has been studied for communication over a frequency-selective fading channel. In ANC, the end user removes its own information from the received signal before detecting the data of the other user. Clearly, the network performance of ANC scheme depends on the self-information removal at the destination terminal. In this paper, we discuss the impact of imperfect self-information removal on the performance of broadband ANC in terms of the bit error rate (BER) and achievable throughput in a frequency-selective fading channel. The theoretical minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization weight for ANC based on single carrier with frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) radio access is derived by taking into account the self-interference. We have used analysis and computer simulation to evaluate how the imperfect removal of self-information influences the achievable BER and throughput.

Broadband analog network coding

In this letter, we present the performance of broadband bi-directional transmission with analog network coding (ANC) in a frequency-selective fading channel. To cope with the channel frequency-selectivity we introduce the use of frequency domain equalization (FDE) with broadband ANC based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and single carrier (SC) radio access. We evaluate, by theory and computer simulation, the achievable bit error rate (BER) and ergodic capacity of bi-directional ANC scheme based on OFDM and SCFDE radio access in a frequency-selective fading channel. Our results show that SC-FDE achieves a better BER performance, but on the other hand, a lower ergodic capacity in comparison with OFDM in a frequency-selective fading channel. Through both analysis and computer simulation, our findings show that a drawback of ANC scheme is its lack of diversity combining at the destination, which causes a slightly lower ergodic capacity in comparison with cooperative relaying irrespective of radio access scheme.