Fuel Briquettes Research Articles

Materials characterization for Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) production as renewable energy resources

This study offers a comprehensive analysis of key parameters—volatile matter, carbon content, ash content, and gross energy—across various material samples intended for Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) briquette production. Through meticulous examination, promising trends emerge, highlighting optimal material combinations for efficient combustion and heat generation. Samples rich in volatile matter and carbon content, notably those incorporating wood powder, demonstrate elevated calorific values, indicating their potential for effective energy production. Conversely, material combinations with low ash content suggest cleaner combustion and reduced environmental impact. The gross energy analysis further validates the substantial heat generation potential of specific sample combinations, rendering them suitable for diverse heating applications. These findings emphasize the critical role of precise raw material selection and meticulous manufacturing process optimization in producing RDF briquettes with desirable properties. Such briquettes not only offer economic viability but also contribute to environmental sustainability by providing an alternative fuel source with reduced emissions. This research underscores the importance of continued exploration and refinement in the development of RDF briquettes, aiming to meet growing energy demands while mitigating environmental concerns.

Study on Fuel Briquettes Made of Biodegradable Materials as an Alternate Source of Energy

Study on Fuel Briquettes Made of Biodegradable Materials as an Alternate Source of Energy

Production of Composite Briquette Fuel from Brewery Wastewater Sludge and Spent Grains.

Biomass waste energy recovery is a significant method for recycling energy from waste and capturing it for use in renewable energy sources. The abundance of brewing byproducts, such as brewery spent grain (BSG) and brewery wastewater sludge (BWWS), as well as their high carbon concentrations gives these wastes energy potential. With 20% molasses utilized as a binding agent to maximize the high caloric value of the briquette, this study sought to examine the quality of mixed briquettes made from BSG and BWWS. In order to make composite briquettes with a maximum caloric content of 19.94 MJ/kg, the ideal conditions were chosen, which included a temperature of 350°C, a production period of 60 min, and a 75% BSG mixing ratio. It can be compared to sawdust briquettes, which have a calorific value of 22.88 MJ/kg, by looking at the calorific value of densified with pressure 100 bar for mixed carbonized briquettes vs mixed noncarbonized briquettes (21.13 MJ/kg). The value of R 2 was 0.9607 and indicated that 96.07% of the total validation in the calorific value correlation between experimental and predicted values. The finding of the study showed that the efficiency of the quadratic model in fitting the data would be higher under the conditions of the experiment. Based on ISO 17225-6 fuel quality classes and specifications for graded nonwoody pellets, the study concluded that using BSG and BWWS as alternative energy sources meets those requirements.

Conversion of Tannery Solid Wastes into Fuel Briquettes Using Wastepaper as a Binder

The disposal of tannery solid waste (TSW) and the need for clean and affordable energy are two pressing issues. Converting TSW into briquettes could be a solution to both problems. This paper focuses on preparing and characterizing fuel briquettes from TSW using a wastepaper as a binder. Raw TSW samples were obtained from the nearby leather industry, sun-dried, treated, carbonized, and reduced to a size of less than 2 mm. The carbonized TSW was mixed with a wastepaper binder (WPB) in different combinations (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80) and converted into briquettes using a hand-press briquette machine. Five briquettes were produced, and sun-dried for one week. The proximate analyses and calorific values of the resulting briquettes were determined in accordance with ASTM analytical methods. The briquettes had a moisture content of 1.30±0.01–5.30±0.10%, volatile matter of 4.01±0.09–10.21±0.18%, ash of 2.80±0.04–5.50±0.13%, fixed carbon of 79.00±0.54–91.90±0.36%, and calorific value of 20.48±0.08–21.09±0.04 MJ/kg. Results showed that a briquette comprised of 80% TSW and 20% WPB has a higher calorific value of 21.09±0.04 MJ/kg. This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing affordable and clean briquettes from an admixture of TSW and WPB. It also shows that briquette production can help reduce solid waste disposal in the tannery industry.

Proximate Analysis and Calorific Value of Fuel Briquettes from Wood and Coffee Skins Biomass as a Renewable Energy Source

Proximate Analysis and Calorific Value of Fuel Briquettes from Wood and Coffee Skins Biomass as a Renewable Energy Source

Перспективы использования биотоплива и альтернативных источников энергии

This article discusses the development of bioenergy in the Russian Federation. The main types of biofuels and their advantages in comparison with traditional types are considered. The first, second and third generations of biofuels are listed. The field of alternative energy related to the development of solar panels is analyzed. We also conducted a survey in the GAU of the Northern Trans-Urals among students on the topic: Alternative energy and bioenergy. Keywords: PERSPECTIVE, ENERGY, BIOENERGY, ECO FUEL, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, BIOFUELS, FUEL BRIQUETTES, ENERGY

Production and characterisation of solid waste-derived fuel briquettes from mixed wood wastes and waste pet bottles

Wood waste and waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles are two of the solid wastes posing severe challenges to waste management facilities and constituting nuisance to humans and the environment in Nigeria due to poor management. These wastes could be utilized to produce solid biofuels for various energy applications to reduce CO2 emissions. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the potential of converting these wastes locally into solid waste-derived fuels (SWDF) briquettes in a bid to present an alternative approach to managing them. Four types of SWDF briquettes were produced from mixed wood waste and waste PET bottles in blend ratios of 100:0, 60:40, 50:50, and 40:60 using a screw press briquetting machine with single extrusion die. The effect of PET plastic amount on different properties, such as net calorific value, ash content, durability, and density, of the produced briquettes was investigated. In addition, obtained results were compared with the quality standards of densified fuels specified by the European Pellet Council. to ascertain the quality of the produced SWDF briquettes. The results revealed that the SWDF briquettes made only from mixed wood waste exhibited the lowest calorific value (17.15 MJ/kg) and highest ash content (2.74 %), while the SWDFs made from blends of mixed wood waste and PET bottles had higher calorific values (17.85–20.77 MJ/kg) and lower ash contents (1.05–1.37 %). Moreover, except for density and chlorine content (<750 kg/m3 and <0.03 wt% respectively), all the produced SWDFs complied with the quality standards of densified fuels specified by the European Pellet Council. These results suggest that these blends could yield SWDFs with improved quality and combustion properties, and could present a new way of managing these solid wastes.

Development of Cost-Effective Fuel Briquette with Poultry Manure

Biomass can be converted into either heat energy or electrical or energy carriers using both thermo-chemical and bio-chemical conversion. Briquetting is a process where untreated biomass is converted into homogeneous, uniformly sized high density solid blocks. Briquettes are used in boilers, heating plants, thermal power stations and by individual households for heating. Present study focuses on using poultry manure with rice husk and saw dust. Poultry manure mixed with rice husk or saw dust by 60:40 ratio provides comparatively higher bond strength. Calorific value varies significantly with the use of poultry manure and tree leaves as well as its production cost. Pure rice husk contains higher calorific value (HCV) 12.6 MJ/Kg where adding poultry manure reduces its value to 10.3 MJ/Kg and Saw dust shows 10.4 MJ/Kg where pure saw dust has 16.3 MJ/Kg in 60:40 ratios with poultry manure. Addition of 20% tree leaves on weight basis ratio of 40:40:20 with base materials and poultry manure shows 10.5 MJ/Kg and 11.7 MJ/Kg respectively for rice husk and saw dust. Competitive price of briquette for 60:40 ratios with Poultry Manure shows 6 BDT/Kg and 5BDT/Kg when secondary material is added. Moreover, if the machine capacity increases the price is reduced.&#x0D; Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 71(2): 95-103, 2023 (July)

Study of the Water Resistance of Fuel Briquettes

Study of the Water Resistance of Fuel Briquettes

Study of the Water Resistance of Fuel Briquettes

The results of experimental studies on the selection of modifying additives to binders for the water resistance of fuel briquettes from anthracite culm and coal sludge, which are available in the Rostov oblast, are presented. A comparative study of the influence of modifying additives on the water resistance of manufacturedfuel briquettes was carried out. The technical analysis of an experimental batch of fuel briquettes was reported. The mechanism of formation of the structure and properties of fuel briquettes containing various additives was considered.

Physical and Proximate Analysis of Fuel Briquette Made Using African Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa) Pulp as a Binder

This paper examines the possible use of African Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa) Pulp as a binding agent for the production of biofuel briquettes. Sawdust biomass was briquetted using hot and cold prepared African Locust bean pulp (SBP) and cassava starch (SBCS) as binders. Physical and combustion analysis of the fuels were performed in accordance with ASTM analytical methods and calculations to analyse the briquettes strength and aptness as a solid biofuel. The results obtained for the maximum density, relaxed density and shatter index ranged between, 802.03 to 931.87 , 300.60 to 336.40 and 89.29 to 99.77% respectively, with samples SBCS and SBP(Cold) showing a better result. The proximate analysis performed shows that, the %Moisture content (Dry basis), %Ash content, %Volatile matter and %Fixed carbon ranged between 6.52 to 8.08%, 2.60 to 5.12%, 78.21 to 86.53% and 2.79 to 10.15% respectively. The Calorific Value obtained for the material briquettes are 17,230kJ/kg, 18,270kJ/kg and 16,550kJ/kg for SBCS, SBP(Cold) and SBP(Hot) respectively. It has been observed from analysis that the strength of the briquettes descends in the order SBCS→SBP(Cold)→SBP(Hot), with a little variation between samples SBCS and SBP(Cold). The study indicates the potential of the binder for the production of biofuel and significantly improve the carbon content as well as the calorific value of the fuel.

Characterization of Briquette Fuel Prepared from Corn Cub

Briquettes produced from corn cobs are a sustainable and renewable source of fuel that offer many advantages over traditional fossil fuels. Corn cobs are a by-product of the corn harvesting process and are often discarded as waste. The present work insists on effectively converting corn cobs to briquettes and comparing its properties with rice husk,coconut shell and charcoal briquettes. The process of producing briquettes from corn cobs involves grinding the cobs into a fine powder and then compressing the powder into dense, compact briquettes using a binder such as starch. The resulting briquettes are a highly efficient and clean-burning fuel that can be used in a variety of applications, including heating and cooking.The calorific value was found to be 16691 KJ/kg, 14446 KJ/kg for prepared corn cob and rice husk and 18405 KJ/kg and 11.359KJ/kg for coconut shell and charcoal briquette respectively. The burning time value were found to be 130 min, 45 min for corn cob, rice husk and 185 min and 209 min for coconut shell and charcoal briquette respectively. Among all the briquettes, it is suggested that corn cob briquette to be used.Additionally, corn cobs as a fuel source can provide economic benefits for farmers and communities, as it creates a new market for an otherwise unused waste product.

Effect of densification process parameters on the physico-mechanical properties of composite briquettes of corncob and rice husk

Fuel briquettes were manufactured from corncob and rice husk in this study. Samples were collected, sorted, and screened into different particle sizes. The mixing ratios of corncob and rice husk samples were 100:0, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50, respectively. The briquettes were produced under varying pressure of 25, 50, and 65 kPa. Compressed and relaxed densities of the briquettes varied from 1.1 to 2.1 g/cm3 and 0.52 to 0.87 g/cm3, respectively, while durability changed from 34.43 to 99.13%. The briquette of 50:50 corncob-risk husk of 0.25 mm particle size produced under pressure of 65 kPa has the optimum physico-mechanical properties.

Characterization of Fuel Briquettes Produced from Pet Plastics and Sawdust

Characterization of Fuel Briquettes Produced from Pet Plastics and Sawdust

Characterization Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Coconut Shell for The Production of Fuel Briquettes

In this study, characterization of agricultural waste (oil palm empty fruit bunch, coconut shell and cassava peel) was done before and after carbonization. Briquettes were produced from the carbonized OPEFB and CS blends with CP as binder. Muffle furnace was used for the carbonization of both biomass; CS was carbonized at 7000C at 60 minutes residence time and OPEFB was carbonized at 4000C at 30 minutes residence time. Proximate analysis showed that raw OPEFB and CS had volatile matter of 70.89 and 63.76wt% which indicates easy ignition but high burning rate. They had low fixed carbon of 18.13 and 17.60wt% for OPEFB and CS respectively which accounted for their low calorific value of 19.61 and 20.70 MJ/kg respectively. Ultimate analysis showed insignificant nitrogen and sulfur content from both biomass. The carbonized OPEFB and CS showed improved Calorific value of 28.38 and 27.91 MJ/kg respectively. This was as a result of devolatilization of the biomass with enrichment of carbon from 45.04 to 69.28wt% for OPEFB and 48.02 to 75.50wt% for CS. The briquettes formed had a mean calorific value, compressive strength, burning rate and density of 27.40 MJ/kg, 2.138 N/mm2, 1.110 g/min and 912.26 kg/m3respectively. With these performance indicators, these selected agricultural wastes biomass could be helpful for production of fuel alternatives for domestic heating in developing and underdeveloped countries that produce such waste.

Optimization of Briquette Fuels by Co-Torrefaction of Residual Biomass and Plastic Waste Using Response Surface Methodology

Combining biomass, a clean and renewable energy source, with waste plastic, which serves as a good auxiliary fuel, can produce high-quality clean fuel. The performance of biomass-derived fuel can be improved by torrefaction. This study optimized the co-torrefaction of fungus bran and polypropylene (PP) waste plastic to obtain clean solid biofuel with high calorific value and low ash content (AC) using response surface methodology. Two sets of mixed biochars were investigated using a multiobjective optimization method: mass yield-higher heating value-ash content (MY-HHV-AC) and energy yield-ash content (EY-AC). PP increased the heat value, decreased AC, and acted as a binder. The optimal operating conditions regarding reaction temperature, reaction time, and PP blending ratio were 230.68 °C, 30 min, and 20%, respectively, for the MY-HHV-AC set and 220 °C, 30 min, 20%, respectively, for the EY-AC set. The MY-HHV-AC set had properties close to those of peat and lignite. Furthermore, compared with that of the pure biochar, the AC of the two sets decreased by 15.71% and 14.88%, respectively, indicating that the prepared mixed biochars served as ideal biofuels. Finally, a circular economy framework for biobriquette fuel was proposed and prospects for preparing pellets provided.

Mathematical Model and Numerical Method of Calculating the Dynamics of High-Temperature Drying of Milled Peat for the Production of Fuel Briquettes

Milled peat must be dried for the production of peat fuel briquettes. The current trend in the creation of drying technologies is the intensification of the dehydration process while obtaining a high-quality final product. An increase in the temperature of the drying agent, above 300 °C, significantly accelerates the reaching of the final moisture content of the peat. In the final stage, it is also accompanied by partial thermal decomposition of the solid phase. Its first stage, which is the decomposition of hemicellulose, contributes to a decrease in weight and an increase in the caloric content of the dry residue. The development of high-temperature drying modes consists of determining the temperature and velocity of the drying agent, wherein the duration of the material reaching the equilibrium moisture content will be minimal and the temperature of the material will not rise above the second-stage decomposition temperature of cellulose. This problem can be solved by the mathematical modeling of the dynamics of peat particles drying in the flow. The article presents a mathematical model of heat and mass transfer, phase transitions, and shrinkage during the dehydration of milled peat particles. The equations of the mathematical model were built based on the differential equation of mass transfer in open deformable systems, which, in the absence of deformations, turns into the known equation of state. A numerical method for implementing a mathematical model has been developed. The adequacy of the mathematical model is confirmed by comparing the results of numerical modeling with known experimental data.

Health benefits from substituting raw biomass fuels for charcoal and briquette fuels: In vitro toxicity analysis

PM2.5 (particulate matters with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) from biomass fuel combustion has been identified as a major cause of cardiopulmonary diseases. Briquette and charcoal are two representative processed fuels that exhibit different emission characteristics. This study compared three types of biomass fuels (maize straw, wheat straw, and wood branches) and their respective processed fuels in terms of their emission factors (EFs). The bioreactivity of human alveolar epithelial (A549) cells to exposure to various fuel-emitted PM2.5 was assessed. The EFs of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were calculated to compare actual cytotoxicity. The PM2.5 EFs of maize and wheat straw were higher than those of wood branches, and following the processes of briquetting and carbonization, the EFs of PM2.5 and chemical components were effectively reduced. Cell membrane damage and inflammatory responses were observed after A549 cell exposure to PM2.5 extracts. The expression of bioreactivity to briquettes and charcoals was lower than that to raw fuels. The EFs of LDH and IL-6 were also significantly reduced after briquetting and carbonization. This underscores the necessity of fuel treatment for reducing cytotoxicity. The crucial chemical components that contributed to cell oxidative and inflammatory responses were identified, including organic and elemental carbon, water-soluble ions (e.g., K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+), metals (e.g., Fe, Cr, and Ni), and high-molecular-weight PAHs. This study elucidated the similarities and differences of PM2.5 emissions and cytotoxicity of three types of biomass fuel and demonstrated the positive effects of fuel treatment on reducing adverse pulmonary effects.

Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Agricultural-Plastic Wastes for Feasibility of Solid Fuel Briquette Production

In recent years, the world has witnessed an enormous effort to find a replacement energy source that is more environmentally friendly and renewable. Face masks that contain plastics lead to another management problem as they are non-biodegradable. Thus, by turning agricultural waste with plastic waste as an additive into beneficial products like briquettes, a solid waste problem can be minimized. In this study, Imperata cylindrica and mango peel commonly found in Malaysia were anticipated to boost the properties of solid fuel briquettes. Thus, the characterization of Imperata cylindrica, mango peel, and face mask waste as raw materials for the production of solid fuel briquettes is discussed in this paper. Proximate and ultimate analyses as well as Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) were conducted to obtain the properties of the raw materials. FTIR results showed that face mask waste contained a methyl type group (CH3), and both agricultural wastes contained an oxygen type group (C–O–H). Based on the proximate analysis, face mask waste, mango peel, and Imperata cylindrica had low moisture contents, where mango peel had the highest moisture content (5.2%) followed by Imperata cylindrica (&lt;1%) and face mask waste (&lt;1%). Imperata cylindrica had the highest volatile matter content (94.6%) and the lowest ash content (2.3%), while mango peel contained the highest fixed carbon value, which was 16.1%. From the analyses conducted, face mask waste had the highest calorific value (26.19 MJ/kg−1). Face mask waste contained 63.6% carbon and 10% hydrogen. Meanwhile, Imperata cylindrica and mango peel contained 44% and 40% carbon and 6.15% and 6.95% hydrogen, respectively. The characteristics and properties of face mask waste, mango peel, and Imperata cylindrica are significant for the contribution of the optimal ratio of these materials to form solid fuel briquettes.

The Behavior-Driven Mechanism of Consumer Participation in "Carbon Neutrality": Based on the Promotion of Replacing Coal with Biomass Briquette Fuel.

"replacing coal with biomass briquette fuel" can effectively reduce carbon emissions. This study takes this as an example to discuss consumers' "willingness to consume (WTC)", "willingness to spend (WTS)" and related influencing factors to find the behavior-driven mechanism of consumer participation in "carbon neutrality". Through the survey and analysis, the results show that 81.64% of the respondents support to consume Biomass Briquette Fuel (BBF) to replace coal. The annual WTS is 157.78 CNY per capita. The factors, such as the education, the relevant government policy support cognition, the level of cognition of health concepts, ecological environmental protection and resource regeneration, have a significant positive impact on the promotion in rural areas. Finally, we put forward corresponding policy recommendations. It provides a reference for motivating consumers to participate in "carbon neutrality" and promoting rural energy transformation to achieve the goal of "carbon neutrality".