Brinjal Shoot And Fruit Borer Research Articles

Efficacy of New Chemistry Insecticides against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis)

Solanum melongena, or brinjal, a vital vegetable crop in Pakistan, faces significant damage from the primary pest, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis , highlighting the urgent need for new chemistry insecticides. The present study investigated the impact of various insecticides on the infestation of BSFB). All insecticides demonstrated a significant reduction in infestation compared to the control, with varying levels of effectiveness. Emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole emerged as the most effective, achieving a 13.33% infestation reduction at 15 days after spray (DAS). Lambda cyhalothrins exhibited similar infestation levels at 15 DAS but with a higher cumulative mean infestation of 13.33%. Imidacloprid and nitenpyram were the least effective, with infestation levels of 26.66% and 20.66% at 15 DAS, respectively. Intermediate efficacy was observed with other insecticides, with infestation levels ranging from 16.66% to 20.66% at 15 DAS. Following subsequent insecticide applications, a consistent reduction in infestation was observed for all treatments compared to the untreated control. Chlorantraniliprole demonstrated the highest efficacy, reducing infestation to 6.66% at 15 DAS, while imidacloprid exhibited the least effectiveness with infestation levels of 23.33% and 20% at 3 and 15 DAS, respectively. Emamectin benzoate remained the most efficacious insecticide in the third spray, achieving a notable reduction to 10% at 15 DAS. The study highlights the temporal decrease in infestation for most treatments over time, contrasting with the steady increase observed in the untreated control group. The findings emphasize the varying efficacy of insecticides in managing BSFB infestation and provide valuable insights for pest control strategies in brinjal cultivation.

Bacillus thuringiensis increases the efficacy of bio-pesticides against eggplant shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) is a notorious pest of brinjal. This study evaluates some microbe and plant origin bio-pesticides alone or in combination with Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 5 % (Btk 5 %) in the brinjal field to combat against BSFB. We found that application of biopesticides in combination with Btk 5 % increased the control of BSFB that results increased marketable yield, gross yield, individual fruit weight compared to their application without Btk 5 %. Among the biopesticide combinations, Abamectin 1.2 % + Emamectin benzoate 1 % and Btk 5 % as well as Emamectin benzoate 1 % and Btk 5 % were potent in context to BSFB control and yield attributes. These combinations confirmed 78.04 % and 74.76 % shoot infestation control, 70.90 % fruit infestation reduction in number basis, 72.40 % and 72.18 % fruit infestation control in weight basis, 13.56 ton ha−1 and 11.41 ton ha−1 marketable yield, 15.59 ton ha−1 and 12.37 ton ha−1 gross yield, respectively. In contrast, Abamectin 1.2 % + Emamectin benzoate 1 % and Emamectin benzoate 1 % confirmed 58.18 % and 67.96 % shoot infestation control, 50.27 % and 62.06 % fruit infestation reduction in number basis, 51.86 % and 59.24 % fruit infestation control in weight basis, 9.05 ton ha−1 and 9.44 ton ha−1 marketable yield, 11.82 ton ha−1 and 10.83 ton ha−1 gross yield. These promising bio-pesticide combined with Bt also ensure more individual fruit weight compared to without Bt. These results thus illustrated that application of Btk 5 % along with bio-pesticide increases their efficacy because of the synthesis of insecticidal toxins named Cry, Vip, and Cyt by Btk 5 % that have synergistic effect with biopesticides and kill insects.

Seasonal Incidence of Insect-pests, Natural Enemies and Pollinators of Solanum melongena L. and Correlation between Their Daily Occurrences with Weather Parameters

The investigation was carried out at K.V.K Instructional Farm of Bhawanipatna, Kalahandi, Odisha, India during the cropping season 2020-21. Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), whitefly, and jassid were the most significant pests found in brinjal, Solanum melongena L. while epilachna beetle was of minor importance as it was found in much lower numbers and caused less damage. They were found from 2nd to 16th Standard Meteorological Week (SMW). The population of whitefly had significant negative correlation with morning, evening and mean Relative Humidity (RH). There was a significant negative correlation of population of jassids with evening and mean RH but significant positive correlation with bright sunshine hours. The population of epilachna had significant negative correlation with morning, evening and mean RH but positive correlation with maximum, minimum and mean temperature. BSFB infestation on fruit had significant negative correlation with morning, evening and mean RH but positive correlation with maximum and mean temperature. There was a significant positive correlation of BSFB infestation on shoot with maximum, minimum and mean temperature but significant negative correlation with rainfall. The natural enemies found in brinjal ecosystem from 4th to 16th SMW and belonged to ladybird beetles, spiders, preying mantids, black ant, carabid beetle, syrphid flies, damselfly and chrysopids. The population of spiders had significant negative correlation with evening and mean RH but positive correlation with bright sunshine hours. There was a significant negative correlation of population of coccinellids with evening RH. The pollinators recorded from experimental field were honeybee and carpenter bee from 3rd to 16th SMW. Among them, carpenter bee, Xylocopa sp. was the most dominant visitor of brinjal flower in the field and was identified as potentially important in brinjal. The pollinators appeared in higher numbers during the blooming period and was the dominant species found in the field. The population of honey bees had significant negative correlation with evening RH.

Farmers Perceptions on the Use of Insecticides For Management of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer

The survey was conducted in Chattogram, Jashore and Mymensingh regions of Bangladesh to find out the farmers’ knowledge and perceptions about insecticide usages in brinjal for management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) during August 2014 to April 2015. All the farmers of three different study areas reported that BSFB is a major problem and needs to be controlled. On an average, 91.68% farmers used conventional chemical method as main protection technique by using only insecticide whereas only 5.54% farmers used IPM method and 2.78% used different types of cultural pest management techniques for controlling BSFB. On an average, 40.80% farmers used insecticide as single form and 59.20% farmers used it in the form of cocktail. During three and half months crop season 36.35 to 57.33 times spray can occur depending on the regions. On an average, 73.23% farmers followed the advice of pesticide dealers in selecting pesticides and their doses for spraying against BSFB. Only 7.69% farmers followed the advice of extension workers which is much less as compared to the pesticide dealers. On an average, 73.98% farmers reported that insecticide was applied without any protection measures.
 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 46(4): 457-468, December 2021

Mating and Oviposition Behaviour of Brinjal Shoot And Fruit Borer, Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee

Mating and oviposition behaviour of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) were carried out in the laboratory on brinjal plants maintaining the temperature (20-250C) and relative humidity (80-85%). The moths were found active at night for mating and oviposition. Mating usually occurred at late night but a few moths were found to continue mating up to 8.0 hour of the day. Maximum moths completed mating between 4.00 to 6.00 hour of the day. Mating period ranged from 28-50 minutes. Mating occurred in first and second night of the adult emergence. Majority of the moths (90.80%) were found to mate in the first night and the rest went for mating in the following night. Oviposition always occurred at night. Females were always found to oviposit at night with an average 86.62% oviposition during the first half of the night. Again 60% egg deposition of first half of the night occurred during 20.00 to 22.00 hours. A female laid 241.50 eggs in an average of 2.70 days of oviposition. The egg laying pattern indicates that the egg laying continued for a maximum of 4 days showing a decreasing pattern of deposition with the increase of age. About 50% of the total eggs were deposited on the first day. The BSFB females preferred brinjal leaves for oviposition. Distribution of the eggs on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves was found 1:2.74. Females showed higher preference for upper canopy of the brinjal plant as oviposition site.
 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 46(3): 285-296, September 2021

To Evaluate The Bioefficacy Of Several Insecticides Against The Brinjal Shoot AndFruit Borer (Leucinodes Orbonalis Guen.)

During Kharif 2022, an experiment was carried out in the brinjal field (Cultivar- Makra) at the Central Research Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Gayeshpur, Nadia, West Bengal, to investigate the field efficiency of several pesticides against the brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Nine treatments (including control) i.e., Diflubenzuron+Deltamethrin 20% WP + 2% SC @ 2.25 ml/3L, Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.1ml/3L, Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 0.3 ml/3L, Diflubenzuron 25% WP @ 2.4 ml/3L, Deltamethrin 2.8% EC @ 2.13 ml/3L, Cypermethrin+Quinalphos 3%+20% EC @ 3.6 ml/3L, Deltamethrin+Triazophos 1% WP+35% EC @ 7.5 ml/3L, Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG @ 0.20 ml/3L were imposed with three replications in RBD. All the insecticidal treatments were significantly superior to the untreated control. Spinosad 45 SC was discovered to be the best-performing pesticide treatment against shoot and fruit borer with the lowest percentage of fruit loss (10.04%). Deltamethrin 2.8% EC was the poorest effective treatment when compared to the other treatments because it generated the highest fruit destruction (13.88%). In terms of yield Spinosad 45 SC performed well than all other treatments (227.05 q/ha) and Deltamethrin 2.8% EC was the lowest (176.10 q/ha).

Bioefficacy, phytotoxicity and insecticide residue dynamics of chlorantraniliprole in brinjal (Solanum melongena) under field condition

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) (Leucinodes orbonalis (Gennadius)) causes significant economic harm to brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) production. The present study was carried out at research farm of ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh to standardize the optimum dose of chlorantraniliprole 18.5% sc (CAP) to manage BSFB under field conditions and to quantify the residue of CAP in brinjal for food safety. Three CAP doses (20, 40, and 80 g a.i./ha) along with an old generic insecticide (cypermethrin 25% ec @50 g a.i./ ha) as a check and an untreated control were examined during 2017–19. CAP applications of 40 and 80 g a.i./ha were similarly efficient against BSFB and resulted in a significantly higher yield of brinjal fruit. The population of borers was reduced significantly in the treatment, CAP @40 g a.i./ha as compared to the untreated control. Phytotoxic effects of chlorantraniliprole 18.5% sc were not observed. Natural enemies of the brinjal ecosystem, viz. predatory pentatomid bug [Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff)], ladybird beetle [Coccinella septempunctata (Linn.)], and spider were unaffected by CAP treatment. When CAP was applied @40 and 80 g a.i./ha, chlorantraniliprole degraded from brinjal fruits with half-lives of 4.85 and 7 days, and pre-harvest intervals of 7 and 10 days were prescribed, respectively. Even at greater application doses, residues in a person's meals were found to be lower than the maximum permissible intake (24.96 mg/person/day) in day-zero samples. Chlorantraniliprole @40 g a.i./ha can be an effective alternative to the conventional insecticides against BSFB in brinjal, ensuring quality, sustainability, and safety.

Synthesis and area-wide validation of IPM technology and its economic analysis for eggplant (Solanum melongena)

Field experiments were conducted during 2019–21 in Varanasi, Mirzapur and Bhadohi districts of Uttar Pradesh, with a view to study validation and economic viability of IPM technology in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in a farmers’ driven approach. The synthesized improved IPM technology comprising seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @5 g/kg seed; seedling root dip in carbendazim 50 wp @1 g/l followed by chlorantraniliprole 18.5 sc @0.5 ml/l solution against seed borne diseases and shoot and fruit borer, respectively, clipping of borer damaged shoots at weekly interval, installation of pheromone traps @25–30 traps/ha for mass trapping of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), need based spray (ETL>5%) of chlorantraniliprole 18.5 sc @0.35 ml/l or emamectin benzoate 5 SG @0.4 g/l or fenpropathrin 30 ec @0.33 ml/l against BSFB, installation of yellow sticky traps, application of Azadirachtin 0.03% @5 ml/l and need based spray of thiamethoxam 25 wg @0.4 g/l or fenpropathrin 30 ec @0.33 ml/l against sucking pests like whiteflies and hoppers, collection and destruction of borer and Phomopsis blight infected fruits, Sclerotinia white rot infected twigs and branches and little leaf affected plants periodically, need based application of carbendazim 50 wp @0.5 g/l for management of Phomopsis blight and white rot, were found effective in reducing the incidence of pests and minimizing the yield losses. The adoption of IPM technology also resulted in reducing the number of chemical sprays to 10 from 21–24 in farmers’ practices (FP) fields in a season with higher fruit yields of 51.1 and 45.3 t/ha in IPM, 39.6 and 33.7 t/ha in FP and 25.7 and 20.4 t/ha in untreated control fields with higher incremental benefit cost (B:C) ratio of 4.61:1 and 4.86:1 in IPM than 3.16:1, 3.24:1 in non-IPM and 2.53:1, 2.42:1 in untreated control plots during 2019–20 and 2020–21, respectively.

Effect of temperature and BSFB population on the growth and yield of Brinjal

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) leucinodes orbonalis is very persist insect. The experiment on brinjal shoot and foot borer (BSFB) in brinjal was conducted from 5th July to 30th October in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agriculture university, Gazipur. The results indicated that the number of BSFB adult was higher in the vegetative stage than the reproductive stages, among the reproductive stages; late fruiting stage encountered the maximum mean number of BSFB adults (5). The population of BSFB adult is highly correlated with temperature. A correlation between the number of BSFB adults and the rate of infestation in shoots or fruits was found. This correlation indicated that for each individual adult caught BSFB 4.70% shoot and 4.123% fruit infestation by number and 6.4% fruit infestation by weight. Percent fruit infestation both by number and weight and the daily temperature are positively correlated, which is indicated by the correlation coefficient of 0.7030 by number and 0.56 by weight. Similar effects of higher temperature on the population increase and increased activity of many insect pests including BSFB have been reported.

Refinement of different combinations of (Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer) in Brinjal

BSFB (Brinjal shoot and fruit borer) Lesinoides orbonalis is the most destructive insect for brinjal production. It reduces the value of market price. The experiment comprised eight (8) treatments including one untreated plot. The treatments comprised different rational combinations of mechanical control involving collection and destruction of infested plant parts, use of sex pheromone trap in the centre of the plot and at the canopy level and judicious application of Marshal 20 EC @ 2ml per litter of water based on adult monitoring or routine spray. The treatments differed among themselves in efficacy, and treatment that comprised pheromone trap placed at the plant canopy + mechanical control + spray of Marshal 20 EC @ 2ml per litter of water 2 days interval just from the flowering was adjudged showed significantly lower fruit infestation (different fruiting stage 6.43%, 13.70%, 8.90% respectively) compared to other treatments. Among all the treatment T3 (pheromone trap placed at the plant canopy + mechanical control + spray of Marshal 20 EC @ 2ml per litter of water 2 days interval just from the flowering) was the best option. This treatment also provided the highest benefit cost ratio (2.09) among all the treatments.

FIELD SCREENING OF BRINJAL ACCESSIONS FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST BRINJAL SHOOT AND FRUIT BORER, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Guenee)

Resistance potential of 100 brinjal accessions against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) was evaluated under field condition at Sivapuri village, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India in Kharif 2020. The data obtained from this study revealed that amongst the 100 accessions screened, the lowest shoot and fruit damage was observed on the genotype IC-136546 followed by IC-136451 whereas, the highest shoot and fruit damage was observed on Manapaarai Local followed by IC-089847. Based on the standard scale, none of the accessions show immune response to BSFB. Hence, the accessions which imparted resistance against the BSFB were selected for breeding to develop BSFB resistance varieties.

Evaluation of Resistant Genotype Against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodesorbonalis Guenee)

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodesorbonalis Guenee, is a devastating pest of brinjal (Solanummelongena L.) in all brinjal growing countries across the globe. Ten genotypes of brinjal were evaluated against the pest in experimental field of Khulna University, Bangladesh following arandomized block design with three replications. The genotypes were BARI Hybrid Begun-2, BARI Hybrid Begun-4, BARI BT-4, Begun-4, BARI Begun-9 and BARI Begun-10, Local Cultivar-1, Local Cultivar-2, Local Cultivar- 3, Local Cultivar-4 and BARI Begun-4among the ten brinjal genotypes, reduced shoot and fruit infestation were recorded in local cultivar-1 and BARI Begun 2. On degree of infestation, BARI hybrid BT begun 4 appeared to be resistant while rest of the genotypes were susceptible or highly susceptible. Volume index was documented to be high in BARI hybrid Begun 4 and low in local cultivar 3, while shape index was high in cultivar 2 and low in BARI hybrid begun 4 and BARI Begun-10. BARI Hybrid Begun 4 possessed greater meso and pericarp thickness although those were not resistant. Above all, using resistant genotypes of BARI hybrid BT begun 4 may be considered as a last resort inan optimized IPM package to ensure maximum brinjal productivity.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(2): 21-30

MANAGEMENT OF BRINJAL SHOOT AND FRUIT BORER USING EXCLUSION NETS

The brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis is one of the most serious pests of the brinjal crop in Bangladesh and causes damage up to 90% yield loss. It is very difficult to control. An experiment was conducted at the Entomology Field Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from December 2020 to April 2021 on the management of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (BSFB) using three colored exclusion nets, viz., white, blue, and yellow, along with an untreated control. Brinjal, specifically the Singnath variety, was used as an experimental crop. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (BCBD) with three replications of each treatment. The effectiveness of three exclusion nets was evaluated based on the following parameters: plant height (cm), number of healthy and infested shoots and fruit, percent protection of shoot and fruit over control, length and diameter of healthy and infested fruit, yield attributes, and benefit cost ratio (BCR). The results clearly indicated that these mentioned parameters were highly significant with the application of different colored exclusion nets. From the results, the white net showed the greatest reduction of shoot (50.51%) and fruit (65.58%) infestation over control, the highest percentage of shoot (20.55%) and fruit (25.92%) infestation, the minimum number of infested shoots (14.00) and fruits (28.54), plant height (46.34cm), and the maximum length (21.67cm) and diameter (10.07cm) of healthy fruit and returned the highest yield (24.55 t/ha), percentage increase of yield (56.70%) and benefit cost ratio (2.15) compared to other tested exclusion nets. And then, this result was followed by blue and yellow, respectively. Hence, white-colored net could be recommended as the best exclusion net for the sustainable management of BFSB in the field.

Development and survival of brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) at constant and alternating temperatures

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee is a key pest of brinjal and a major constraint to its production in the Indian subcontinent. The influence of constant as well as alternating temperatures on the development and survival of the pest is not known. Also, no information is available on the thermal constant, development thresholds, and phenology for the insect. So, the development and survival of Leucinodes orbonalis were studied under laboratory conditions at five constant (15 ± 1, 20 ± 1, 25 ± 1, 30 ± 1 and 35 ± 1 °C) and six alternating temperatures (25:15, 30:15, 35:15, 25:20, 30:20 and 35:20 °C) with 70 ± 5% R.H. and photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Under the alternating temperature regimes, maximum and minimum temperatures were maintained in a cycle of 14 and 10 h, respectively. Transition from maximum to minimum temperature followed square waveform and was complete within 10 min. The rate of development of the egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages accelerated with increases in the levels of temperature. Survival of BSFB was highest at intermediate temperature levels (25-30 °C), and it started declining outside this range. The favourable range of constant temperature for the development from egg to adult stage was 20 ± 1–35 ± 1 °C, while all six alternating temperatures were conducive for complete development of the pest. The thermal constant (K) and lower developmental threshold (Tmin) determined from a linear regression analysis for the total development period were 435.39–530.66 DD and 5.69–14.63 °C, respectively. The non-linear models did not fit the data obtained from constant temperature studies, as they overestimated the temperature threshold for the pest. In the case of alternating temperatures, Tmin, Topt, and Tmax for the different developmental stages were in the range of 6.87–10.47 °C, 30.3–30.4 °C, and 41.96–42.31 °C, under Briere-1, Briere-2 and Kontodimas models. Our results provide a framework for forecasting the pest incidence in the field, thus helping in modulating management schedules and techniques to target the weak link in the life cycle of the pest.

Host Preference, Mode of Damage and Succession of Major Insect Pests of Brinjal

Brinjal is one of the most popular solanaceous vegetables worldwide because of its nutritive and nutraceutical values. In recent decades, brinjal cultivation has been experiencing increased biotic and abiotic stresses due to the climate changes, which had affected the cultivation practices, growers’ profit and consumers’ choice to a larger extent. Amongst different insect pests, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) is the major one causing significant reduction in economic yield followed by epilachna beetle, aphid, jassid and whitefly. On the other hand, proper knowledge on nature of damage, host preference, and seasonal abundance of insect pests is a pre-requisite for development and deployment of an appropriate, effective and timely management strategy against the pests. A pool of literatures on host preferences, damage pattern and succession of major insect pests of brinjal has been reviewed and presented in this paper.

Comparative evaluation of some integrated pest management modules against Leucinodes orbonalis Guen.

Among the three modules, Module I (Recommended practices of SKUAST-J), Module II (Farmer's practices) and module III (Bio-intensive Integrated Pest Management), were evaluated against shoot and fruit borer of brinjal. The overall, the impact of Module III (Bio-intensive Integrated Pest Management) was found superior treatment than Module I and II in suppressing the larval population of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) on the shoots and fruits, based on weight and numbers basis, percentage of larval parasitoid Trathala flavo-orbitalis parasitisation as well as cost-benefit ratio.

Field efficacy of some new insecticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their toxic effects on natural enemies

Brinjal is susceptible to attack of various insect pests from seedling to fruiting stage. Among these, brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.) is the most destructive pest and is considered to be the limiting factor in quantitative as well asqualitative harvest of brinjal fruits. In the present study, efficacy of some new insecticides viz. Pine 6 WG (Emamectin benzoate + Abamectin), Heron 5 EC (Lufenuron), Belt 24 WG (Flubendiamide) and Cyclone 2.5 EC (Lambda-cyhalothrin) were evaluated against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) in field condition from the period of October, 2015 to April, 2016. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having three replications and two concentrations of each of the insecticides. A total of three spraying was given and finally a cumulative mean was found out. Data were collected on percent shoot infestation, percent fruit infestation, marketable fruit yield (t/ha) and abundances of natural enemies per plant. Results clearly showed that all the insecticides significantly reduced BSFB infestation as well as increased marketable fruit yield compared to the untreated control. The highest shoot (27.40%) and fruit (55.93%) infestation were recorded from control plots. On the other hand, the lowest shoot (6.71%) and fruit (11.58%) infestation were recorded from Pine 6 WG treated plots @ 0.50 g/L that was followed by Heron 5 EC @ 1.0 ml/L (6.89% shoot; 14.51% fruits), Cyclone 2.5 EC @ 1.5 ml/L (15.73% shoot and 16.45% fruits) and Belt 24 WG @ 0.50 g/L (9.53% shoot and 25.47% fruits), respectively. Similar trend was found in case of marketable fruit yield as well. Pine 6 WG and Heron 5 EC were found to be comparatively safe for both ladybird beetle and lynx spiders as their abundances were not changed significantly compared to untreated control. In contrast, the application of Belt 24 WG and Cyclone 2.5 EC has reduced 50 to 60% of the ladybird beetle and lynx spiders populations in brinjal eco-system. The results suggested that two biopesticides viz., Pine 6 WG and Heron 5 EC can be used successfully against BSFB considering minimum shoot and fruit infestation, higher fruit yield and less toxicity to natural enemies in brinjal eco-system.
 J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 319–324, 2019

Enhancing the efficacy of pheromone trap against brinjal shoot and fruit borer

Exploiting the brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) sex attraction with monitoring and/or mass trapping approach is an ecofriendly IPM method. To improve the trapping system components, two field experiments were conducted with superior and waterless pheromone trap designs as alternative to the regular water basin trap. Results showed that the improved delta trap (patent-filed as Delta-Plus) is superior in terms of both catch efficiency and more user-friendly. The additional access vents in three combinations of dimensions and vent numbers led to significantly more moth catches. Further, the moth catches for the same amount of pheromone dispensed in the widely used cheaper funnel trap were observed to be too low and inefficient for BSFB trapping.

Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer using selected botanicals

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of botanicals namely neem leaf extract, neem oil, mahogany oil, mahogany oil + mahogany cake, garlic extract, tobacco leaf extract along with an untreated control to manage brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB). The percent shoot infestation reduction over control was the highest in mahogany oil + mahogany cake treated plot resulting 62.39%, 64.44%, 67.86% and 71.05% reduction at vegetative stage and early, mid and late fruiting stage, respectively. The same treatment provided the highest fruit infestation reduction over control resulting 86.70%, 85.08% and 85.50% reduction at early, mid and late fruiting stage, respectively. The lowest number of larvae per infested shoot was recorded 1.10 and 1.08 in the same treatment at early and mid fruiting stage, respectively but notat vegetative stage and late fruiting stages. The number of larvae per infested fruit was similarly lowest having 1.50, 1.06 and 1.07 at early, mid and late fruiting stage, respectively using the same approach. The maximum yield (35.82 t ha-1) was achieved in the mahogany oil + mahogany cake treated plot with the highest benefit cost ratio (2.35).Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(3): 431-440, September 2018

Appraisal of resistant genotypes against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis, Guenee

The main purpose of this study was to find out the best variety of brinjal having resistance to BSFB. A pot experiment was carried out at the germplasm centre, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna during February 2014 to August 2014. The experiment was laid out in CRD using thirteen varieties with five replications. The varieties were V1=BARI begun-1, V2=BARI begun-4, V3=BARI begun-5, V4=BARI begun-6, V5=BARI begun-7, V6=BARI begun-8, V7=BARI begun-9, V8=BARI begun-10, V9=Makra, V10=Muktokashi, V11=Lalita, V12=Hazra, V13=Chaga. Data were collected on total number of shoot, total number of infested shoot, percentage of shoot damage, percentage of shoot infestation reduction, numbers of larvae per infested shoot, total number of fruit, percentage of fruit damage, percentage of fruit infestation reduction, numbers of larvae per infested fruit. Results have shown that the minimum shoot infestation was found in BARI begun-6 (29.60%, 32.40%, 29.86% and 29.38%, respectively at four different stages of eggplant). Percent of fruit infestation was minimum in V4 (BARI begun-6) (25.16%, 27.42% and 25.40% at three stages respectively).J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 227-231, August 2018