Brightness Of Room Research Articles

Feasibility of Three Head Mounted Eye-Tracker in Anesthesia: A Feasibility Study.

Many studies use eye-tracker to analyse the socio-technical system, also in medical research. Only a few articles describe the use of eye-tracker to examine human-computer interaction in a critical care environment, especially in the field of anaesthesia or surgery. Therefore, we have tested in a feasibility study head-mounted eye-tracker of three different manufactures in a simulated anesthesia surrounding with mankind patient simulators. The research question was to analyse whether the field scene camera of the eye-tracker can be used in the light conditions and changes in brightness of the operating room. In addition, it was tested whether the eye-tracker was still calibrated and held on the subject's head during the resuscitation movement. All eye-trackers tested had a good adaptation on changing light or changing distances.

Effect of Interior Chromaticness on Space Brightness

To design a lighting environment, horizontal illuminance is generally used as the brightness of a room. But it is reported that a subjective brightness does not always match the horizontal illuminance. For example, the room furnished with high saturated colored objects is perceived brighter than the room furnished with achromatic objects, even though the horizontal illuminance is the same. To investigate a effect of interior chromaticness on space brightness, we conducted the experiment in four miniature rooms that were different in terms of chromaticness of interior decorating surfaces, but kept lightness of surfaces constant. Subjects were asked to set the illuminance of reference room, that is furnished with achromatic objects, to equate the brightness of the test room, that is with chromatic objects. Four of seven subjects needed less illuminance to get the equality of space brightness if the test room had a saturated objects. The illuminance ratio of test to reference room was about 1.4. Other three subjects set the illuminance of reference room almost equal to test room. Thus, there are differences between individuals so further work would be needed to estimate the quantitative effect of interior chromaticness on space brightness.

Space Brightness Evaluation for a Daylit Room

One of the most important problems for lighting design is how to reduce an electric energy. One way to solve this problem is use of daylight, but little is known how to perceive a brightness of a room illuminated by daylight come in through a window and artificial light. Although the horizontal illuminance increases because of daylight, we would not perceive the room as bright as brightness estimated by the illuminance. The purpose of this study is to measure the space brightness for daylit room and to propose a evaluation method. The experiment was conducted with a couple of miniature office rooms, standard room and test room. Test room has several types of windows and standard room has no window. Subject was asked to evaluate the brightness of the test room relative to the standard room with method of magnitude estimation. It was found that brightness of daylit room did not increase simply with horizontal illuminance. Subject perceived a daylit room darker than a room illuminated only by the artificial light even if horizontal illuminance of these room was same. The effect of daylight on space brightness would vary with the window size and intensity of daylight or artificial light.

病室における明るさ感の高い照明要件の検討

病室における明るさ感の高い照明要件の検討

Vision Based Navigation System of Autonomous Mobile Robot. Planning of Landmark Sensing Considering Environmental Conditions.

We propose the Planning of Landmark Sensing (PLAS) considering environmental conditions for autonomous mobile robots. When an autonomous mobile robot moves, the robot usually resets the accumulated errors by sensing the landmark. In the previous work, the errors of robots are estimated based on the robot model, and Kalman Filter is used to reset the accumulated error after the landmark sensing. Based on this method, only the relation of robot and landmark position is considered as observation noise. But in actual visual landmark sensing, environmental conditions, like position of lighting, brightness of room and so on, are likely to cause the misrecognition of landmark. Then we consider environmental conditions for the calculation of the observation noise of Kalman Filter. This helps our system to determine the possibility of the misrecognition in case of bad sensing environments. Further, we also calculate sensing reliability based on environmental conditions, and use this sensing reliability in the adaptation of wheel noise of the robot model. As a result of the consideration of environmental conditions, our navigation system can navigate robots precisely, even if the environments are not suitable for landmark sensing.

照明認識視空間への初期視覚情報の影響

According to the theory of the recognized visual space of illumination (RVSI), a space can be made brighter by arranging colored furniture as the initial visual information, as previously confirmed. A question about the effect of number of pieces of furniture remained and the present investigation therefore measured the brightness of a miniature room in which pieces of colored furniture was varied from 0 to 6. The brightness increased markedly as the number increased from 0 to 3, but further increases did not affect the brightness of the room greatly. Further analysis found no strong correlation between the brightness increase of the room and the area of the furniture in the visual field of the observers. This implies that it is mostly the number of pieces of furniture of different colors that affects the room brightness.