Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire Research Articles

Analysis of trajectory changes and predictive factors of sense of coherence in patients after colorectal cancer surgery.

To investigate the trajectories and potential categories of changes in the sense of coherence (SOC) in patients after colorectal cancer surgery and to analyze predictive factors. From January to July 2023, 175 patients with colorectal cancer treated at a tertiary Grade A oncology hospital in Jiangsu Province were selected as the study subjects. Prior to surgery, SOC-13 scale, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to survey the patients. SOC levels were measured multiple times at 1week, 1month, and 3months post-surgery. Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) was applied to fit the trajectory changesof SOC in patients after colorectal cancer surgery. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive factors of SOC trajectory changes. The SOC scores of patients at points T1-T4 were (65.27 ± 9.20), (63.65 ± 10.41), (63.85 ± 11.84), and (61.56 ± 12.65), respectively. Multinomial logistic regression results indicated that gender, employment status, disease stage, household monthly income, intestinal stoma, nutritional status, illness perception, and social support were predictors of SOC trajectorychanges (P < 0.05). There is heterogeneity in the trajectory changesof SOC in patients after colorectal cancer surgery. Healthcare professionals should implement early precision interventions based on the patterns of changes and predictive factors in each trajectory category.

The association between perceived cause of glaucoma and illness perceptions.

The perceived cause of disease is an important factor that has been linked with treatment outcomes but has not been fully assessed in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). This study assessed the accuracy of patients' perceived cause of POAG and identified associations between accuracy, illness perceptions, medication adherence, and quality of life (QoL). The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) was used to assess illness perceptions and asked patients to rank the three most important causes of their disease in order of importance. POAG risk factors recognized by the American Academy of Ophthalmology were used to code responses as accurate or inaccurate based on the following three methods: (1) coding any reported cause, regardless of rank, (2) coding only the first-ranked cause, and (3) coding and weighting all reported causes. Medication adherence was measured electronically. QoL was measured using the Glaucoma Quality of Life questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U test was used to detect differences in illness perceptions, medication adherence, and QoL between accuracy groups. A total of 97 patients identified a cause of their POAG and were included in this analysis. A higher proportion of patients reported an accurate cause (86.6% using method 1, 78.4% using method 2, and 79.4% using method 3; all p < 0.001). Mean medication adherence was 86.0% ± 17.8 and was similar across accuracy groups (all p > 0.05). Using method 2 (p = 0.045) and method 3 (p = 0.028), patients who reported an accurate cause of their POAG believed that their illness would last for a longer time compared to patients who reported an inaccurate cause. Method 3 also revealed that patients who reported an accurate cause of their POAG had lower perceived understanding of their illness (p = 0.048) compared to patients who reported an inaccurate cause. There were no differences in QoL between accuracy groups (all p > 0.05). This study highlights the association between perceived cause of POAG and illness perceptions related to knowledge level and POAG duration. Future studies should assess associations between perceived cause of disease and other critical dimensions of illness perception.

Illness Perception, Coping, and Self-Care Adherence Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Understanding the key factors in managing type 2 diabetes over the long term has become necessary. This study aims to explore the association between illness perception, coping, and self-care adherence among adults with type 2 diabetes and find the influence of illness perception and coping on self-care adherence. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from 123 adults with type 2 diabetes aged between 30 and 55 years. The questionnaires included the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Brief COPE, Self-Care Inventory-Revised (SCI-R), and a personal information sheet. A significant correlation was found between illness perception, maladaptive and adaptive coping strategies, and self-care adherence. Adaptive coping, illness perception, and maladaptive coping strategies together explained a 59.9% variance in self-care adherence (F(3, 119) = 59.29, p &lt; .001). The study highlights the importance of developing a less threatening perception of the illness and enhancing the practice of adaptive coping strategies for achieving better self-care adherence among people with type 2 diabetes. This study signifies the need for a collaborative approach by healthcare professionals, mental health providers, and policymakers to provide accurate diabetes self-management knowledge and develop interventions tailored to individuals’ needs.

Gestational diabetes perception profiles based on attachment style: a cross-sectional study

AimsGestational diabetes (GDM) is a prevalent complication in pregnancy that requires effective self-management, which can be influenced by illness perceptions. Moreover, behavioral regulation can be affected by attachment styles. Thus, our study aimed to identify common GDM perception profiles and test their association with attachment styles.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 446 women completed the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and additional items about GDM diagnosis, information, competence, adherence, behavioral change. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to determine GDM perception profiles. Multinomial logistic regression followed to calculate the association between GDM perception profiles and attachment styles.ResultsThree distinct profiles emerged: coping (n = 172, 38.6%)—characterized by the most positive GDM perception, burdened (n = 222, 49.8%)—indicating the emotional burden of the disease, and resourceless (n = 52, 11.7%)—reporting lack of resources (i.e. information, competence). Women with insecure attachment styles were more likely to develop a burdened GDM perception profile. Specifically, the expression of a fearful (OR = 1.184 [95%CI: 1.03; 1.36], p = 0.016) and a preoccupied (OR = 1.154 [95%CI: 1.01; 1.32], p = 0.037) attachment style increased the likelihood for a burdened perception profile, while a secure attachment style (OR = 10.791 [95%CI: 0.65; 0.96], p = 0.017) decreased likelihood for developing resourceless GDM perception profile.ConclusionsThree GDM perception profiles were identified and the role of attachment styles in shaping these perceptions was confirmed. Further studies are needed to investigate whether a tailored treatment approach based on the predominant attachment style could lead to more positive GDM perceptions, improved glycemic control, and better perinatal outcomes.

Anxiety in Polish adult patients with inborn errors of immunity: a cross-sectional study.

Patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) experience recurrent infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. Owing to repeated medical procedures, the need for constant treatment and surveillance, and the unpredictable course of the disease, patients with IEI are prone to develop mental health disorders, including anxiety. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence and level of anxiety symptoms in adult Polish patients with IEI and explore the determinants of anxiety in this group of patients. Data from 105 Polish patients with IEI were collected via the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), brief illness perception questionnaire (B-IPQ), illness cognition questionnaire (ICQ), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and a questionnaire on general health and demographic data. For statistical analyses of data, the normality of distribution of quantitative data was assessed, and internal consistency of tests was investigated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient; moreover, we performed the analysis of correlations and between-group differences, and path analysis to explore causal relationships. Significance was considered at p < 0.050. Thirty-eight (36.2%) patients had anxiety symptoms (HADS-A ≥ 8); 14 (13.3%) patients had severe anxiety (score ≥ 11), and 24 (22.9%) had moderate anxiety (score of 8-10). Patients with poor sleep quality, higher pain frequency, younger age, and no fixed income had higher anxiety scores than others. Emotional and cognitive representations of illness were positively correlated with anxiety levels. Intense anxiety was related to more negative illness perception, higher helplessness, lower illness acceptance, and lower perceived benefits. Anxiety is common in patients with IEI. However, results indicate that it is not related to a more severe course of IEI or several comorbidities, whereas, pain frequency and poor sleep quality were identified to be important clinical factors for anxiety. Because anxiety was related to negative illness perception, psychological therapy may apply to this group of patients.

Factors affecting adherence to medication, smoking cessation, and exercise in patients with peripheral artery disease

ObjectiveAdherence to peripheral artery disease (PAD) treatment reduces the risk of cardiovascular events and delays disease progression, but patients do not fully adhere to their treatment regimens. This pilot study aimed to identify the adherence levels of patients with PAD and how these are related to sociodemographics, clinical factors, and illness perceptions. MethodsPatients with PAD were recruited during outpatient appointments at a London teaching hospital between January and May 2022. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires, including the self-reported Morinsky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and the Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (BIPQ). Descriptive statistics, χ2, independent sample tests, and one-way analysis were conducted using SPSS. ResultsA total of 105 patients participated and completed the questionnaire. Of these, 73.3% were male, with a mean age of 69.5 years. Of the patients, 41.9% and 36.2% had high antiplatelet and statin adherence, respectively, defined by an MMAS >8 score. One-quarter were current smokers, whereas only 17.1% of patients had previously attended a supervised exercise class. High adherence to antiplatelets and statins was associated with older age (P = .006 and P = .047) and previous vascular interventions (P = .004 and P = .009). Low antiplatelet adherence was linked to lower perceived control (P = .041), treatment control (P = .019), and disease understanding (P = .049). Patients perceiving their medical therapy as less effective showed lower statin adherence (P = .036). Being a current or ex-smoker was related to feeling less in control of care (P = .013). High exercise frequency was associated with lower consequences (P = .041) and identity scores (P = .031). Limited walking distance was linked to higher disease impact on daily quality of life (P < .001), lower perceived treatment effectiveness (P = .002), lower perceived personal control (P = .018), severe claudication symptoms (P < .001), and higher concerns (P = .001) and emotional distress (P < .001). ConclusionsTreatment adherence among patients with PAD is notably low. Patients’ illness perceptions play a significant role in understanding and explaining this lack of adherence. To improve treatment adherence, interventions should particularly focus on addressing and modifying negative illness perceptions.

Socioeconomic deprivation and illness trajectory in the Scottish population after COVID-19 hospitalization

BackgroundThe associations between deprivation and illness trajectory after hospitalisation for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) are uncertain.MethodsA prospective, multicentre cohort study was conducted on post-COVID-19 patients, enrolled either in-hospital or shortly post-discharge. Two evaluations were carried out: an initial assessment and a follow-up at 28–60 days post-discharge. The study encompassed research blood tests, patient-reported outcome measures, and multisystem imaging (including chest computed tomography (CT) with pulmonary and coronary angiography, cardiovascular and renal magnetic resonance imaging). Primary and secondary outcomes were analysed in relation to socioeconomic status, using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD). The EQ-5D-5L, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) for Anxiety and Depression, and the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) were used to assess health status.ResultsOf the 252 enrolled patients (mean age 55.0 ± 12.0 years; 40% female; 23% with diabetes), deprivation status was linked with increased BMI and diabetes prevalence. 186 (74%) returned for the follow-up. Within this group, findings indicated associations between deprivation and lung abnormalities (p = 0.0085), coronary artery disease (p = 0.0128), and renal inflammation (p = 0.0421). Furthermore, patients with higher deprivation exhibited worse scores in health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L, p = 0.0084), illness perception (BIPQ, p = 0.0004), anxiety and depression levels (PHQ-4, p = 0.0038), and diminished physical activity (DASI, p = 0.002). At the 3-month mark, those with greater deprivation showed a higher frequency of referrals to secondary care due to ongoing COVID-19 symptoms (p = 0.0438). However, clinical outcomes were not influenced by deprivation.ConclusionsIn a post-hospital COVID-19 population, socioeconomic deprivation was associated with impaired health status and secondary care episodes. Deprivation influences illness trajectory after COVID-19.

A survey on prevalence and parents’ perceptions of food allergy in 3- to 16-year-old children in Wuhan, China

BackgroundThe prevalence of food allergy (FA) has risen in recent decades, yet there is limited data on the cognition and beliefs of FA among the parents of FA children. ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of FA and assess the knowledge and perception of FA among parents of FA children in Wuhan, China. MethodsOnline questionnaires were conducted for the parents of 3- to 16-year-old children. They reported symptoms of suspected FA in the screening questionnaire were interviewed for further diagnostic evaluation. All the parents of the suspected FA children completed the subsequent assessments of the knowledge and perception on FA as well as their attitude towards the current online platforms. ResultsA total of 1963 children were recruited. The prevalence of self-reported FA was 10.2% (95% CI: 8.1–12.4%) and the physician-diagnosed FA was 6.2% (95% CI: 5.1–7.2%) in 3- to 16-year-olds in Wuhan. And the children with family history (57.9%) were predisposed to developing FA (P＜0.001). The total Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) score was 41.3 ± 10.0 among the parents. The B-IPQ scores correlated with symptom onset, but not with family history or other atopic comorbidities. The parents who never sought treatments obtained lower B-IPQ scores on most items compared to those who received treatments. The accuracy rate of the FA knowledge questionnaire was 56.7%. 11.6% of participants reported that children's FA had an impact on their lives. 67.2% of participants had searched information of FA online, among whom 80% expected to obtain professional suggestions on management and prevention strategies of FA from online platform. ConclusionIn 3- to 16-year-old children in Wuhan, the prevalence of self-reported and physician-diagnosed FA was 10.2% and 6.2% respectively. Parents’ knowledge of FA was insufficient and only a small proportion of parents perceived that their lives and careers have been affected considerably by FA of their children. Patient education and current online platforms should be improved among parents of FA children.

Comprehensive needs, social support, and disease perception in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the comprehensive needs of lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and to explore the relationships between comprehensive needs and social support and disease perception, moreover, to analyse associated factors of comprehensive needs. The study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Jiaxing Province, China. A total of 141 patients with lung cancer completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, including the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool in Cancer for Patients (CNAT), Social Supportive Rating Scale (SSRS), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire. The level of comprehensive needs was highest in the domain "medical demand" (42.17 ± 26.57), and the item with the highest level of comprehensive needs was "I need information about the financial support for my medical expenses" (2.00 ± 1.07). Statistically significant correlations were identified between the comprehensive needs score, social support, and disease perception. The multiple regression analysis showed that immunotherapy course, whether irAEs occur, social support, and disease perception were factors influencing patients' comprehensive needs. The most prevalent needs in lung cancer patients were found in the "medical needs" domain. Additionally, immunotherapy course, whether irAEs occur, disease perception, and social support were associated with comprehensive needs among lung cancer patients. It is essential to combine the associated factors to accurately evaluate patient needs. We should pay more attention to proposing the comprehensive measures for these patients and providing more individualized supportive care during the lengthy treatment period.

Impact of biological rhythms on perception of illness and cognitive flexibility in bipolar patients in remission

ABSTRACT Our study aims to examine the possible mediating effects of biological rhythms on the relationship between illness perception, cognitive flexibility, and functionality in bipolar patients in remission. A total of 150 patients with bipolar disorder (BD) were enrolled. The sociodemographic data form, Biological Rhythm Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS), Young Mania Rating Scale, Montgomery and Asberg Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Short Functionality Assessment Scale were applied to the patients in the study. The mean age of the patients was 42.10 ± 12.92 (SD). The participants were 48.7% (n = 73) female and 66.6% (n = 100) BD-I. There was a negative correlation between the total BRIAN score and favorable BIPQ scores and a positive correlation between the total BRIAN score and unfavorable BIPQ scores (except timeline). Additionally, multiple regression analyses revealed that the total BRIAN score could predict favorable BIPQ (except treatment control) and unfavorable BIPQ (except timeline) scores (p < 0.05). The total CFS score also could predict favorable BIPQ (treatment control) and unfavorable BIPQ scores (except timeline). The second step mediation analysis showed that biological rhythm mediated the relationship between illness perception and cognitive flexibility. Our study found that biological rhythms played a full mediating role in the relationship between the perception of illness and cognitive flexibility. In addition, worsening in biological rhythms in bipolar patients could cause negative beliefs and attitudes towards their diseases with an unfavorable clinical course. Therefore, regularity in biological rhythms should be highly recommended for bipolar patients.

P747 Assessment of a microlearning programme for patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (The ADEII project) on ansiety/depression status and illness perception

Abstract Background Information and communication technologies (ICTs) represent a novel approach to chronic disease management. However, their use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is lacking and their results as far unknown, because no specific tools are available, The prevalence of anxiety and/or depression in IBD ranges from 30-35% in clinically inactive phases. Furthermore, negative perceptions of the disease in the dimensions of consequences and emotions have been related to depression and anxiety. We aim to evaluate the outcomes of a novel microlearning programme for IBD patients in.anxiety/depression status and illness perception. Methods Prospective cohort study in adult patients with IBD (18 to 70 years old) who underwent a microlearning programme over a 2-month period, throught 4-minute videos organised in individualised video pathways that were sent via mobile phone using a Telegram bot. All patients received the 4-video main pack, consisting of 2 videos with information about their disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease), 1 video on adherence and another one on steroid treatment. To these were added as many videos as the number of drugs used by the patient to control IBD. Before starting the programme and at 6 months, patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Results Between June and October 2022, 1226 videos were sent to 200 IBD patients: 51.5% female (103), UC 52.5% (105), mean age 46.1 (13.2) years (Table 1). Median number of videos per patient was 6 (6-7). Attendance to ADEII programme ranged between 78% and 90%.The median score on the HAD anxiety subscale was 8.1 (4.3), while the median score on the HAD depression subscale was 6(4-8), Initially, anxiety was diagnosed in 60 patients (30%) and depressión in 16 (8%) as subescales scores&amp;gt;11. We found significant differences between the pre-intervention versus post-intervention medians and IQR in anxiety score 8(5-11) vs 7(4-11) (p=0.008) but no in depression. Regarding BIPQ test post -intervention there were significant decreases in P8 negative emotions 6(3-8) vs. 5(3-7) (p=0,003) and P5 identity 6(4-8) vs 5(3-7) (p=0,003) as well as a significant increase in P7 comprehensibility of disease 7(5-9) vs. 8(7-9) (p=0,003). Conclusion An ICT-based educational program was widely accepted by IBD patients and showed a decrease in anxiety and negative emotions and representations, along with improvement in the understanding of disease.

First trans-diagnostic experiences with a novel micro-choice based concentrated group rehabilitation for patients with low back pain, long COVID, and type 2 diabetes: a pilot study

BackgroundThe health care is likely to break down unless we are able to increase the level of functioning for the growing number of patients with complex, chronic illnesses. Hence, novel high-capacity and cost-effective treatments with trans-diagnostic effects are warranted. In accordance with the protocol paper, we aimed to examine the acceptability, satisfaction, and effectiveness of an interdisciplinary micro-choice based concentrated group rehabilitation for patients with chronic low back pain, long COVID, and type 2 diabetes.MethodsPatients with low back pain > 4 months sick-leave, long COVID, or type 2 diabetes were included in this clinical trial with pre-post design and 3-month follow-up. The treatment consisted of three phases: (1) preparing for change, (2) the concentrated intervention for 3–4 days, and (3) integrating change into everyday life. Patients were taught and practiced how to monitor and target seemingly insignificant everyday micro-choices, in order to break the patterns where symptoms or habits contributed to decreased levels of functioning or increased health problems. The treatment was delivered to groups (max 10 people) with similar illnesses. Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8)) (1 week), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and self-rated health status (EQ-5D-5L) were registered at baseline and 3-month follow-up.ResultsOf the 241 included participants (57% women, mean age 48 years, range 19–84), 99% completed the concentrated treatment. Treatment satisfaction was high with a 28.9 (3.2) mean CSQ-8-score. WSAS improved significantly from baseline to follow-up across diagnoses 20.59 (0.56) to 15.76 (0.56). BIPQ improved from: 22.30 (0.43) to 14.88 (0.47) and EQ-5D-5L: 0.715 (0.01) to 0.779 (0.01)), all P<0.001.ConclusionsAcross disorders, the novel approach was associated with high acceptability and clinically important improvements in functional levels, illness perception, and health status. As the concentrated micro-choice based treatment format might have the potential to change the way we deliver rehabilitation across diagnoses, we suggest to proceed with a controlled trial.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05234281

Adherence to Hydroxyurea and Patients' Perceptions of Sickle Cell Disease and Hydroxyurea: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background and Objectives: Hydroxyurea is a crucial treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD), but some patients' adherence to it remains suboptimal. Understanding patients' perspectives on SCD and HU is essential for improving adherence. This study aimed to assess hydroxyurea adherence and patients' perceptions of SCD and hydroxyurea among SCD patients in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from 217 SCD patients using self-administered questionnaires from August 2022 to January 2023. The survey covered patient demographics, SCD consequences, and other clinical data. We used the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) to measure patients' disease perception and the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) to evaluate patients' adherence to HU. Data were analysed using descriptive, t-test, and chi-square tests, and the p-value was set at <0.05 for significance. Results: More than half of the patients were male, with a mean age of 28.09 ± 8.40 years. About 57.6% of the patients were currently using HU. About 81.6% of HU users reported low adherence. The adherence was lower among individuals with infections/recurrent infections and in patients who received repeated blood transfusions. ICU admission, blood transfusion, and certain SCD complications were associated with HU use. Male patients had a higher perception of SCD consequences, concern, and understanding. ICU-admitted and recurrent hospitalized patients had a higher perception of the SCD-related consequences, symptoms, concerns, and emotional responses. Conclusions: HU seems a well-established and efficacious disease-modifying agent, but its underutilization for SCD patients remains challenging. To overcome the adherence challenges, healthcare providers must educate SCD patients about the role of hydroxyurea in lowering disease severity and addressing side effects to obtain maximum benefits. Healthcare providers may consider tailored educational interventions to improve adherence, particularly for patients with infections, recurrent hospitalizations, or repeated blood transfusions. Further research is needed to identify strategies for improving hydroxyurea adherence and patient education among SCD patients.

Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation, and Validation of a Gujarati Version of a Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in People with Intermittent Claudication

Abstract Background: To assess an individual’s cognitive and emotional representation of illness, a translated, culturally adapted brief illness perception questionnaire (B-IPQ) is needed. Objective: This study assessed the content validity and face validity of a Gujarati version of a B-IPQ questionnaire. Materials and Methods: A forward–backward translation of the 9-item B-IPQ was applied using a standardized approach. The translated versions were compared with the original questionnaire, and 10 experts rated each item according to the following criteria: clarity, semantic equivalence, appropriateness, and cultural relevance. Data were analyzed by calculating the content validity and universal agreement (UA) between experts. Face validity was assessed using a think-aloud approach with 10 patients with intermittent claudication. This cognitive interviewing approach asked participants to describe their thoughts while completing the questionnaire to explore the comprehensibility and clarity of the translated questionnaire. Responses were analyzed using deductive thematic analysis. Results: There was a complete agreement between experts for 8/9 items (I-CVI = 1.00), leading to an overall agreement (S-CVI/Ave) of 0.98. There was an excellent agreement between experts (UA = 0.88). For face validation, our participants encountered only minor problems understanding some of the questions, and the Gujarati B-IPQ was considered to have good face validity. Conclusion: B-IPQ questionnaire had excellent content validity and good face validity and will enable illness perception to be assessed in people with IC.

The Impact of Delirium after Radical Prostatectomy on Cognitive Function and Health Perception during the Recovery Period.

This study aims to investigate the influence of delirium following radical prostatectomy on cognitive function and health perception during the recovery period. Data were collected from patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at our institution between May 2020 and May 2022. Postoperative delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU), categorising patients into delirium and non-delirium groups. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) were employed to evaluate patients' mental health pre-and post-surgery. Comparative analyses were conducted between patients with and without delirium in the critical care unit, and correlation analyses were performed. The study revealed a delirium incidence rate of 19.13%. Patients in the delirium group exhibited significantly higher age and ICU length of stay compared to those without delirium (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in MoCA scores one day before surgery and seven days after surgery, as well as BIPQ scores one day before surgery, five days after surgery and seven days after surgery between the delirium and non-delirium groups (p > 0.05); However, the MoCA scores in the delirium group were significantly lower than those of the non-delirium group on the second and fifth days post-surgery. Additionally, the BIPQ scores in the delirium group were significantly higher than those in the non-delirium group two days after surgery (p < 0.001). A moderate negative correlation was observed between MoCA scores and CAM-ICU scores, and a moderate positive correlation was identified between BIPQ scores and CAM-ICU scores (p < 0.001). Patients experiencing delirium after radical prostatectomy are at a higher risk of cognitive function impairment and disease threat perception. A significant correlation exists between postoperative delirium and cognitive function as well as health perception.

The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, illness perception, and in atrial fibrillation patients: a six-month longitudinal study

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) often leads to an impaired Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in many patients. Moreover, psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, and illness perception have been found to significantly correlate with HRQoL. This study aims to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in enhancing HRQoL and mitigating psychological distress among AF patients.MethodsEmploying a prospective, open design with pseudo-randomization, this study encompassed pre-tests, post-treatment evaluations, and a 6-month follow-up. A total of 102 consecutive patients diagnosed with paroxysmal AF were initially enrolled. Out of these, 90 were assigned to two groups; one to receive a 10-week CBT treatment specifically focusing on anxiety, and the other to receive standard care. Outcome measures were evaluated using tools such as the Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), University of Toronto Atrial Fibrillation Severity Scale (AFSS), and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). These assessments were conducted at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at the 6-month follow-up mark. We explored the effectiveness of CBT using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE).ResultsOur analysis revealed a notable improvement in the CBT group relative to the control group. All metrics displayed consistent improvement across a 6-month duration. At the 6-month checkpoint, the CBT group exhibited a more favorable SF-12 Mental Component Score (MCS) (50.261 ± 0.758 vs. 45.208 ± 0.887, p < 0.001), reduced GAD-7 (4.150 ± 0.347 vs. 8.022 ± 0.423, p < 0.001), BIPQ (34.700 ± 0.432 vs. 38.026 ± 0.318, p < 0.001), and AFSS (9.890 ± 0.217 vs. 10.928 ± 0.218, p = 0.001) scores when compared to the TAU group. Conversely, the SF-12 PCS (44.212 ± 0.816 vs. 47.489 ± 0.960, p = 0.139) and PHQ-9 scores (8.419 ± 0.713 vs. 10.409 ± 0.741, p = 0.794) manifested no significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionThe findings suggest that CBT is effective in improving HRQoL and reducing psychological distress among patients with AF at 6 month follow-up. This highlights the potential benefits of integrating CBT into the therapeutic regimen for AF patients.Trial RegistrationRetrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05716828). The date of registration : 5 June 2023.

Illness Perception and Stigma Among Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease

Background: Stigma and illness perceptions surrounding adolescents and young adults (AYA) with sickle cell disease (SCD) are not well-studied. The psycho-social and emotional factors may have implications on overall patient-reported outcomes, including health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and medication adherence behavior. Aims: (1) Evaluate the impact of patients' perceptions of SCD and their medications on HRQOL and adherence (2)Examine the relationship of illness perception and stigma among AYA with SCD Methods: In this longitudinal, single-institution study, 68 participants were enrolled from outpatient hematology clinic at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. Patients were approached if they were between 10 to 25 years old, English-speaking, and taking hydroxyurea, voxelotor and/or crizanlizumab for SCD treatment. Participants completed the Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) HRQOL Domains, Measure of Sickle Cell Stigma Questionnaire (MoSCS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale 7 (ARMS-7) every 3-4 months. Patient statistics were evaluated utilizing Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney) rank sum tests, spearmen rho correlations (r s), and chi-square analysis. The data presented in this abstract represent baseline analysis for all enrolled, active study participants. Results: Sixty-eight participants completed study assessments (90% Black; 53% Female) with a median age of 14 years old (IQR 11-17) and 84% HbSS, homozygous hemoglobin S. In Table 1, patients with less perceived personal control of SCD and more emotional response to SCD reported worse social isolation (r s= -0.32, p=0.01; r s =0.31, p&amp;lt;0.01), mobility (r s =0.34, p&amp;lt;0.01; r s = -0.27, p=0.03), anxiety (r s = -0.29, p=0.02; r s =0.38, p&amp;lt;0.01), depression (r s = -0.29, p=0.02; r s =0.42, p&amp;lt;0.001), and fatigue (r s = -0.41, p0.001; r s =0.3, p=&amp;lt;0.01), respectively. Further, more perceived personal control was associated with less physical stress (r s = -0.49, p&amp;lt;0.001), pain (r s = -0.26, p=0.03), fatigue (r s = -0.41, p= &amp;lt;0.001), and greater mobility (r s =0.34, p &amp;lt;0.01). Participants with more negative perceptions of SCD consequences and concerns reported more physical stress (r s=0.29, p=0.02; r s =0.27, p=0.03), depression (r s =0.32, p&amp;lt;0.01; r s =0.40, p=0.001), and fatigue (r s=0.33, p=0.01; r s=0.37, p&amp;lt;0.01) (Table 1). Additionally, the B-IPQ correlating with PROMIS baseline data indicated patients who had greater understanding of their SCD reported better self-efficacy in both managing their medication and symptoms (r s =0.29, p=0.01; r s =0.29, p=0.02). In Table 2, patients with higher self-reported medication adherence using VAS, had better treatment control (5 vs 4, p = &amp;lt;0.001) and less perceived SCD-related symptoms (2 vs 3, 0.03). Utilizing ARMS-7, patients with higher self-reported medication adherence perceived less SCD-related consequences (2 vs 3, p =&amp;lt;0.01), symptoms (5 vs 4, p =0.01), displayed better treatment control (10 vs 8, p=0.03), but greater emotional response (1 vs 3, p = 0.04) (Table 2). Most patients (82%) endorsed ≥1 statement related to stigma. Patients frequently indicated that they are very careful who they tell they have SCD (64%), telling someone they have SCD is risky (38%), no one knows that they have SCD (52%), and they worry about people discriminating against them because they have SCD (31%). Patients with greater levels of stigma reported worse social isolation (r s= 0.38, p&amp;lt;0.01) and self-efficacy managing symptoms (r s= -0.30, p=0.01). Summary/Conclusion: The multifaceted relationship between medication adherence, illness perception and stigma related to HRQOL in adolescents and young adults relies upon patients' perceived control over their illness. Future evaluation of influential factors involving patients' perceived control are needed to improve SCD-clinical outcomes.

Socioeconomic status and post-covid illness trajectory

Abstract Background The associations between deprivation and illness trajectory after hospitalisation for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) are uncertain. Methods A prospective, multicentre, longitudinal, cohort study involving post-COVID-19 patients enrolled in-hospital or early post-discharge (visit 1) and re-evaluated at 28-60 days post-discharge (visit 2) and in the longer term. Serial research blood tests (biomarkers), digital electrocardiography, and patient-reported outcome measures were obtained at both visits. Novel, multisystem imaging, including chest computed tomography (CT) with pulmonary and coronary angiography, cardiovascular and renal magnetic resonance imaging, was acquired at visit 2. The analysis of primary and secondary outcomes by socioeconomic status was prespecified. The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD), a small-area measure of social deprivation based on domiciled post code reflecting seven factors including income, employment, education, health, access to services, crime, and housing, and categorized into general population quintiles, was used to measure social deprivation. The EQ-5D-5L, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) for Anxiety and Depression, and the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) were used to assess health status. Follow-up of clinical outcomes was undertaken using electronic health records. Results Two hundred and fifty-two patients (mean±SD age 55.0 ±12.0 years, body mass index (BMI) 31.3 ±6.9 kg/m2,101 (40%) female, and 59 (23%) with diabetes) were enrolled and had follow-up completed at a median 428 (IQR 385, 538) days. Deprivation status was positively associated with BMI (p=0.0444) and diabetes (p=0.0239). One hundred and eighty-six (74%) patients reattended for investigation 28-60 days post-discharge. Lung ground glass opacity and/or consolidation (p=0.0085), obstructive coronary artery disease (p=0.0128) and renal inflammation (p=0.0421) were associated with deprivation. At 28-60 days post-discharge (n=184), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L utility score, p=0.0084), illness perception, (BIPQ, p=0.0004), anxiety and depression (PHQ-4 score, p=0.0038), physical activity (DASI, p=0.002) and estimated peak oxygen consumption (ml/min/kg) (p=0.002) were worse with greater deprivation. At 3 months (n=252), deprivation status was associated with more referrals to secondary care because of ongoing COVID-19 symptoms (p=0.0438). Clinical outcomes did not associate with deprivation. Conclusion In a post-hospital COVID-19 population, socioeconomic deprivation was associated with impaired health status and secondary care episodes. Deprivation influences illness trajectory after COVID-19.

Posttraumatic growth and illness perception in survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer

BackgroundAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) are diagnosed with cancer during a challenging period of life. We aimed to (1) describe positive changes (posttraumatic growth; PTG) and illness perception, and (2) determine associations between PTG and illness perception, sociodemographic, and cancer-related characteristics in Swiss AYA cancer survivors.MethodsWe conducted a population-based survey among AYA cancer survivors diagnosed 1990–2005 at age 16–25 years, who had survived ≥ 5 years. We used the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regressions.ResultsAmong 389 contacted survivors, 160 responded (61.3% male; mean age = 34 years, SD = 5.8). The mean PTG sum score was 54.63 (SD = 20.24; range: 8–101). Survivors reported high PTG especially in the domains Appreciation of life (mean = 3.23; 95% confidence interval, 3.05–3.40), Personal strength (2.94; 2.77–3.12), and Relating to others (2.57; 2.40–2.74). Neither sociodemographic nor cancer-related characteristics were associated with PTG. Survivors who perceived follow-up care as helpful (p < 0.001) and those with high concerns about the consequences of the illness (p < 0.001) reported higher PTG.ConclusionsFinding ways to promote PTG and to identify and address maladaptive illness perceptions may help survivors transform their experience into something meaningful for their future life.

Effect of research participation versus usual clinical care in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disorders: a prospective cohort study

ObjectiveTo compare illness perception (IP), pain, functional level and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) between patients with musculoskeletal pain who participate versus those who do not participate in clinical research...