Breast Self-examination Behavior Research Articles

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BEHAVIOR OF CONDUCTING BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION ON WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN THE BANDUNG HEALTH CENTER AREA SERANG REGENCY IN 2023

Global Buren of Cancer data shows data on cancer patients in the world as many as 19.3 million cases. The highest number is in breast cancer patients totaling 2.261 million cases (Globocan, 2020). Data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2020, the number of new cases of breast cancer has increased and become the highest incidence of cancer in women, namely breast cancer with 665,339 new cases and 131,252 deaths from breast cancer worldwide (Globocan, 2020). The low desire of women to do BSE examination can be influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors include knowledge, attitudes and family history of cancer. As for external factors, namely sources of information and parental support. This type of research is quantitative research with a research design using a cross sectional approach. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the behavior of conducting breast self-examination in women of childbearing age in the Bandung Health Center area, Serang Regency in 2023. By using the total sampling technique, the determination of the sample obtained was as many as 120 mothers who met the inclusion criteria. Chi Square test results show a significant relationship between knowledge, education, the role of health workers, and information media with breast self-examination behavior (P−value 0.000).

Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Screening Behavior Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Early detection of breast cancer is crucial for effective treatment and minimizing mortality, requiring effective screening methods like self-examination, clinical examination, and mammography. However, not all women in Saudi Arabia comply with these examinations, and studies examining its practice and barriers of low uptake are scant. The aim of this study is to investigate factors influencing breast cancer screening behavior among women in Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study involving 806 women from October to November 2022 used an online questionnaire for the data collection process, including questions about demographic characteristics, awareness assessment, breast cancer screening behavior, symptoms, risk factors, and screening programs. Factors affecting the screening behavior were analyzed using the logistic regression model with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Among the 806 women who participated in the study, 479 (59.4%) were under 40 years old, and half of them were urban residents (n = 394, 48.9%). Only 134 subjects (16.6%) had a history of breast screening. Social media (n = 519, 64.5%) was the predominant source of screening information. The primary obstacles to breast cancer screening were the absence of tumor symptoms (n = 333, 41.3%), insufficient knowledge about early detection (n = 249, 31%), lack of time (n = 245, 30%), fear of discovering a tumor (n = 187, 23%), and lack of awareness about screening centers (n = 155, 19%).In regression analysis, predictive factors for breast cancer screening behavior were as follows: age over 40 years old (AOR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.70-3.87), residents of big cities (AOR: 3.57; 95% CI: 1.02-12.56), positive family history of breast cancer (AOR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.50-4.28), proximity to the screening center (AOR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.22-5.39), and using contraceptive pills for more than five years (AOR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.04-3.04), and were statistically significant (all p-values < 0.05). Conclusions In this study, the most perceived barriers to BSE were the absence of tumor symptoms, followed by insufficient knowledge about early detection, lack of time, fear of discovering a tumor, and lack of awareness about screening centers. Additionally, the predictive factors for breast cancer screening behavior were as follows: age over 40 years old, residents of big cities, positive family history of breast cancer, proximity to the screening center, and using contraceptive pills for more than five years. Given the identified factors affecting breast self-examination behavior in this study, public education initiatives are crucial for raising awareness, facilitating self-examination, and ultimately improving health outcomes and reducing breast cancer treatment costs in society.

SADARI (Periksa Payudara Sendiri) : Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Remaja kota dan Desa di Provinsi Papua

Breast cancer is still a serious problem in both developed and developing countries. Cancer is the highest cause of death in the world. In Indonesia, breast cancer is also the type of cancer that contributes the highest to the female cancer prevalence rate. The low level of early detection efforts by self-examination of the breasts and clinical breast examinations is the cause of the increase in breast cancer. Leading to an increase in the death rate. The aim of this research is to identify knowledge and behavior of BSE (breast self- examination) among urban and rural teenage girls in Papua Province. This research method uses a cross sectional study design. The sample in this study was 185 urban and rural teenage girls. Data analysis used the Mann Whitney U statistical test to see differences in BSE knowledge and behavior in urban n rural teenage girls. The research results showed that the majority of urban teenage girls’ knowledge level was in the high category, while the majority of rural teenage girls were in the low category. While the behavior of urban teenage girls tended to be more obedient in doing BSE (breast self- examination) compared to rural teenage girls. Bivariate analysis show that there is a difference in the level of knowledge between urban and rural teenage girls regarding BSE (breast self- examination) with a p-value (0,000) &lt; 0,05 and there is also difference in BSE (breast self- examination) behavior among urban and rural teenage girls with p-value (0.016)&lt;0.05.

Group Investigation Method Improves Breast Self-Examination Behavior in Women of Childbearing Age

&lt;table class="TableNormal1" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="top" width="502"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer suffered by women worldwide with a high incidence rate. The increasing number of new cases that appear every year will be a threat, This study aims to determine how the influence of Group Investigation on increasing knowledge, attitudes and actions of women of childbearing age towards BSE. This type of research is quasy experiment designs with nonequivalent control group design. The intervention group was given education with the Group Investigation method, the control group with the jigsaw method. The number of samples used was 52 people, 26 for the intervention group and 26 for the control group taken by proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The results of the Wilcoxon test found that education with the group investigation method has an influence on knowledge with value (p-value = 0.000), attitude (p-value = 0.000) and action (p-value = 0.000). The test results also showed that there was an influence of the jigsaw method on knowledge with values (p-value = 0.000), attitudes (p-value = 0.000) and actions (p-value = 0.000). The results of the mann-whitney test found that the group investigation method was more effective for increasing knowledge (p-value = 0.000), attitudes (p-value = 0.000) and WUS Actions (p-value = 0.590) about BSE compared to the Jigsaw method. The conclusion of this study is that group investigation method is effective in improving breast self- examination behavior in women of childbearing age.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

The relationship between nursing and midwifery undergraduate students’ health beliefs and breast cancer knowledge levels and their breast self-examination behavior

Abstract Purpose This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between nursing and midwifery undergraduate students’ health beliefs and breast cancer knowledge levels and breast self-examination (BSE) behavior. Materials and method This study was based on a cross-sectional research design and conducted in a Web environment. Four hundred and forty-eight female students were included who study in the 3rd or 4th years of the nursing and midwifery departments. Research data were collected between December 2020 and January 2021 by utilizing the Introductory Information Form, the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale, and the Comprehensive Breast Cancer Knowledge Test. Results It was revealed that 52.7% of the students performed BSE on a regular basis. Based on the practice of BSE, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of benefits, obstacle perception, confidence/self-efficacy, and motivation subscales of CHBMS (p &lt; 0.05). In terms of the risk of not performing BSE among students, having an extended family increased the risk by 3.29 times, not applying a clinical breast examination by 6.53 times, and a 1-unit increase in weighted GPA by 2.18 times; a 1-unit increase in the obstacle perception score related to BSE practice increased risk by 1.11 times. Conclusion and recommendations Nurses’ and midwives’ health beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors should be improved with regard to the importance of breast cancer and BSE throughout their education, so that they can be role models for preventive healthcare practices in society.

An Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model for Improving Breast Self – Examination behavior Among Rural Women in Hai Duong, Vietnam: A random Control Trial

Purpose: The goal of this study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention on breast self-examination (BES) behavior based on a Health Belief Model among Vietnamese women living in some rural areas of Hai Duong province.&#x0D; Methodology: A random control trial study was conducted in two rural communes in Hai Duong province, Vietnam. Among 204 women participating in the study, they were allocated randomly into an experimental group (n=99) and a control group (n=105). An educational intervention was developed based on the Health Belief Model. An improving breast self-examination behavior of participants was assessed through doing BSE or not, frequency of BSE, and how to perform BSE.&#x0D; Findings: At baseline, there were no differences between the two groups about general characteristics and breast self-examination percentage. After 3 months of the intervention, breast self-examination behavior including the rate of patients doing BSE, frequency of BSE, and performing BSE with good results in the intervention group were higher than those of the control group. (p&lt;0.05).&#x0D; Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Research results indicated that an educational program based on the Health Belief Model can improve breast self-examination behavior among rural women. Therefore, the educational intervention program based on the Health Belief Model should be expanded to women living in other rural areas of Vietnam.

PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN WANITA USIA SUBUR TERHADAP PERILAKU DALAM MELAKUKAN PEMERIKSAAN PAYUDARA SENDIRI (SADARI)

Cancer cases are the second leading cause of death in the world, with a total of 9.6 million deaths per year, including 65,858 cases of breast cancer. It is necessary to increase public awareness of the risk of breast cancer by carrying out early detection with the BSE method (Breast Self-Examination). This research is an analytic survey study with a cross-sectional design that aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and BSE behavior in women of childbearing age (WUS). The population in this study were all WUS in Pustu Koto Tuo, Agam Regency; the sample in this study was 50 respondents using a simple random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used was univariate and bivariate with the chi-square test. In univariate analysis, there were 20 respondents with low knowledge (40%), and 19 respondents (61.3%) had never done BSE. The Chi-squared statistical test showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge about breast self-examination (BSE) and BSE behavior, with a p value of 0.000. It is hoped that health workers can provide counseling, especially about continuous breast self-examination, to the public, especially WUS, so that they can change behavior or raise public awareness of the importance of early detection of breast cancer.

A Literature Review: Relationship between Peer Group Education and Family Support on the Behavior of Early Detection of Breast Cancer by Breast Self-Examination in Adolescents

Malignant tumors leading to breast cancer pose a serious threat to adolescents under the age of 17 with increasing cases of 8 to 10 in 2018. To prevent the spread of breast cancer, breast self-examination (BSE), known as SADARI in Indonesian, was introduced as a preventive measure. This study aimed to identify the relationship between peer group education and family support with BSE behavior among adolescents. Through a literature review, 10 relevant articles were found on Google Scholar and Pubmed database, spanning publication years from 2019 to 2023. These articles were selected based on criteria of reputable national and international journals, written either in English or in Indonesian, and employing cross-sectional study design and open access. The research findings indicated that peer group education and family support play a significant role in promoting BSE behavior in adolescents. Other factors such as knowledge, attitude, and information sources can also influence BSE behavior in adolescents. Therefore, a comprehensive approach of breast cancer prevention in adolescents should take into account various influencing factors to enhance the effectiveness of preventive efforts. Further research is encouraged to delve deeper into these factors, enabling the development of more precise and efficient breast cancer prevention strategies.

Determinan Perilaku Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) pada Remaja Putri di SMA Se-Kota Kalabahi, Kabupaten Alor

There are many causes of death for women n this world, one of which s breast cancer. Breast cancer s the second largest contributor to the death rate for women after cervical cancer. This disease s a condition where cells n the breast grow rapidly and attack all parts of the body. However, only a small proportion of women perform BSE, namely 25 to 30% of young women who do BSE. This study aims to analyze the determinants of breast self-examination (BSE) behavior n female adolescents at high schools n Kalabahi City, Alor Regency. This research s a quantitative study using a cross sectional study design method. The sample n this study were all young women attending high schools n Kalabahi City, Alor Regency, namely 312 young women. The data analysis used n this study was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis, using the chi-square test with a significant level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge (ρ-value = 0.000), attitude (ρ-value=0.000), nformation exposure (ρ-value=0.000), family history (ρ-value=0.000), and peer support (ρ-value=0.000) with BSE behavior. Young women are expected to be able to play an active role and have the willingness to seek nformation related to BSE and do so according to the right steps. Schools and health offices are expected to be a source of nformation for young women regarding BSE through various health promotion efforts, especially counseling or socialization related to BSE.

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN WUS TENTANG KANKER PAYUDARA DENGAN PERILAKU SADARI

Breast cancer is a malignancy found in breast tissue in cells originating from its glandular components, namely the epithelium and its lobules and components other than glands, namely the innervation of breast tissue, blood vessels and fat tissue. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020 globally there are 2,3 million women diagnosed with breast cancer and 685.000 deaths. One of the efforts to prevent and control breast cancer is to do breast self-examination behavior (BSE). This study aims to determine the relationship between WUS knowledge about breast cancer and BSE in Desa Karangpucung. This research method is correlational descriptive with cross sectional approach with sampling purposive sampling technique. The number of samples in this research were 97 respondents. Data analysis using Spearman rank test. Collecting data using a breast cancer knowledge questionnaire and BSE behavior. The results showed that there was correlation of knowledge of childbearing age women on breast cancer and BSE with a p-value = 0,000 (p&lt;0,05) with correlation coefficient value = 0,574.

Factors Related to Breast Self Examination (BSE) Behavior in Female Student of Public Senior High School 1 Jambi City

This study aims to analyze the proportions and the relationships between determinant factors to Breast Self Examination (BSE) behavior of Female Student in Public Senior High School 1 Jambi City. This is a cross sectional study. Collecting samples based on proportional stratified random sampling. The primary data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 63 respondents. The data analyzed by chi-square test. The result showed; there is a positive relationship between attitude, information exposure, family/mother’s support and peer’s support (poor BSE behavior is 41.3%, poor knowledge is 55.6%, negative attitude is 42.9%, never been exposed to BSE information is 39.7%, were not supported by family/mother is 46.0% and were not supported by peer is 34.9%) to BSE behavior and there is a negative relationship between knowledge (poor knowledge is 55,6%) to BSE behavior of Female Student in Public Senior High School 1 Jambi City.

Pencegahan Breast Cancer dan Cervical Cancer dengan Penggunaan Pembalut Sehat

Introduction: Breast cancer (carcinoma mammae) is a type of cancer that can affect both women and men, especially women. This breast cancer grows in the glands, fatty tissue, or connective tissue of the breast. One way to prevent breast cancer is to do breast self-examination (BSE). This behavior can be done by all women. Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor in women that attacks the female reproductive organs, namely the vaginal mucosa and the area around the cervix, commonly known as the lower part between the female reproductive organs and the uterus. Cervical cancer is caused by the HPV virus. One way to prevent cervical cancer is to use healthy pads. Objective: This health education will provide education on prevention of breast cancer with BSE behavior and cervical cancer by using healthy sanitary napkins for female students of SMPN 1 Cikoneng so that they understand and understand how to prevent these two diseases. Method: Counseling was carried out at one of the schools in Ciamis Regency, namely SMP Negeri 1 Cikoneng which was the main target of this counseling. The partners in this health consultation were 61 female students at SMP Negeri 1 Cikoneng. The method used is a quantitative method, seminars and interviews that begin with conducting a survey to explore the level of knowledge of the students about the prevention of breast cancer and cervical cancer. Then, preparing material to be delivered in powerpoint form and preparing questionnaires to be worked on by the students. Result: The results of the counseling survey involved 61 participants using interviews in the pre-test and questionnaires in the post-test. The researcher analyzed the completed questionnaires to determine the level of knowledge of students about preventing breast cancer and cervical cancer by using sanitary pads before and after health education activities. Conclusion: Health education Increase awareness of adolescents to pay more attention to sanitary pads during menstruation to avoid cervical cancer and to always perform BSE behavior every month on the 7th-10th from the first day of menstruation so that they know signs of breast cancer.

Factors Associated with Breast Self-Examination Behavior (BSE) in Young Women

Breast cancer is the second largest death in women. One of the preventions of breast cancer by early detection is Breast Self-Examination (BSE). It aims at finding out abnormal lumps in the breast. There were 20 cases of breast cancer in Palu in 2017, 10 of them died, then increased in 2018 to 25 cases, and 14 died. Based on preliminary research at Senior High School of SMA 7 Negeri Palu, in 2021, there was 1 case of breast cancer. This research aimed to determine the correlation between knowledge, attitudes, information exposure, parental support, and Breast Self-Examination (BSE) behavior. This was quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The samples were taken through the Slovin method with the Proportional Stratified Random Sampling technique. The total population was 396 students, and the total samples were 80 students. The majority of respondents are 17 years old, namely 52.5% with good behavior, namely 52.5%, knowledge including lack, namely 55%, attitude including negative, namely 60%, and information exposure including high, namely 56.2%, and parental support including lack, namely 51.2%. The results show that there was no correlation between information exposure and BSE behavior (p = 0.128), while knowledge (p = 0.022), attitudes (p = 0.001), and parental support (p = 0.003) showed a correlation with BSE behavior. It is expected that the school will cooperate with the health sector by providing material on reproductive health and prevention of non-communicable diseases, and the students are also more proactive in seeking information related to BSE

THE CORRELATION OF BETWEEN BREAST CANCER KNOWLEDGE LEVELS AND BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION BEHAVIOR (BSE) IN CLASS X AND X1 TEENAGE GIRLS AT GLOBAL ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL TERATAI PUTIH BEKASI IN 2022

Background: According to data from Global Burden Cancer in the International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), it is known that breast cancer is a disease with the highest percentage of new cases (after controlling for age), which is 43.3%, and the percentage of deaths (after being controlled by age ) due to breast cancer by 12.9% (Kendal, 2022). Breast cancer (carcinoma mammae) itself is a condition where cells have lost their normal control and mechanism, resulting in abnormal, fast, and uncontrolled growth that occurs in breast tissue (MOH, 2015). However, over time, this disease begins to lead to a younger age, so teenagers (13-20 years) also need to do BSE regularly as an effort to prevent and early detection to reduce the possibility of other diseases caused by these risks factors (WHO, 2007). Objectives: This study aims to determine the correlation of between knowledge levels of breast cancer and breast self-examination behavior (BSE) in class X and XI adolescent girls at Teratai Putih Global Islamic High School Bekasi in 2022. Methods: The research method that will be carried out by researchers is quantitative. The design in this study uses Analytical Observation with a Cross-Sectional research design. The population in this study was 66 young women in classes X and XI at the global white lotus Islamic high school. The sampling technique used in this research is total sampling. Results: it was found that with a significant level of 95% or a value of 5% (0.05) the results of the Fisher's Exact Test obtained a p-value (0.00) &lt; value of (0.05) there was a Correlation between the level of knowledge of breast cancer with examination behavior Breast Self (BSE) for Teenage Girls in Class X and XI at Teratai Putih Global Islamic High School Bekasi in 2022. Conclusion: There is a correlation between the level of knowledge of breast cancer and the behavior of breast self-examination (BSE) in Class X and XI Teenage Girls at Teratai Putih Global Islamic High School Bekasi 2022.

Validity and Reliability of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale to Measure Beliefs in Breast Self-Examination Practices in Vietnamese Women

Objective: The purpose of this study was to translate, adjust and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Champion's Health Belief Model scale, so as to measure the beliefs of self-examination practices of Vietnamese women. Material and Methods: The adaptation and psychometric characteristics test of the Vietnamese HBM scale was performed, with 40 participants, from October 2021 to June 2022. Of these, 10 women were initially randomized to adjust the translation version, and 30 women were to evaluate the reliability of the scale. The content value of the scale is measured by the opinion of 5 experts. Reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha, while An estimation of stability is commonly assessed by a test–retest reliability analysis (ICC). Result: The Vietnamese version of the Health Belief Model scale (V-HBMS) demonstrated good content validity, with the Items content validity index (I-CVI) score for all 42 items&gt; 0.79. Internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha ranges from .715 to .954 and the reliability of the ICC re-test ranged from .954-.000 (p-value = 0.000) determined with good results. Conclusion: The Vietnamese version of the Health Belief Model scale can be considered a valid tool to survey the belief of Vietnamese women in the implementation of breast self-examination behavior.

Level of Knowledge and Self Efficacy Improve Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Behaviors

The incidence of breast cancer is 40 per 100.000 women. BSE is a screening to detect breast cancer. The research objective is to determine the correlation between knowledge and self-efficacy with BSE behavior. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study utilized a sample of 20-65 women aged 100 years. Multistage random sampling was used as the sampling technique—univariate and bivariate analysis with a significance level of ρ 0.05 and CI of 95%. The analysis results showed a correlation between the level of knowledge and self-efficacy with BSE behavior (p-value = 0.026; 0.021) and PR values of 2.5 and 2.6 (CI 95%: 1.074-5.641; 1.100- 6.293). In conclusion, women who have a high level of knowledge and self-efficacy are three times more likely to do BSE compared to women with low levels of knowledge and self-efficacy.

Dukungan Teman Sebaya berhubungan dengan Perilaku Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri sebagai Deteksi Dini Fibroadenoma Mammae pada Mahasiswi

Background: Fibroadenoma mammae (FAM) usually occurs in women aged &lt;30 years. Women with FAM have an 8.95 times higher risk of developing breast cancer. Early detection measures could be done with breast self-examination (BSE). One of the factors that affect BSE is peer support. This study aimed to determine the association between peer support and BSE behavior as an early detection of mammary fibroadenoma in female students. Method: Type of research is quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were nursing students, amnouting to 218 female students. Samples were taken based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, selecting samples used a stratified random sampling technique with a sample size of 76 respondents. This research instrument used a questionnaire. Respondents had peer support the majority in the good category of 37 respondents (48.7%), most of BSE behavior were the sufficient category of 49 respondents (64.5%). Result: The result of several analyzes showed that there were a significant association between peer support and BSE behavior p-value of 0.001 (p&lt;0.05), with a low association value of 0.392. There were an association between peer support and BSE behavior as an early detection of mammary fibroadenoma in female students. Conclusion: The advice given should be for female students to increase peer support in advocating and reminding them to do BSE.

Hemşirelik Öğrencileri ve Annelerinin Sağlık İnançları ve Kendi Kendine Meme Muayene Davranışları: Karşılaştırmalı Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effect of undergraduate education on nursing students and their mothers' health beliefs and breast self-examination (BSE) behaviors. Material and Methods: In this comparative and cross-sectional survey, the population of the study consisted of a total of 438 participants; including 219 volunteer students studying at the third and senior-year nursing students, and 219 their mothers. The data was collected using a questionnaire and Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. The data was collected by face-to-face interviews with the students in the classroom and by talking to the mothers on the phone. Results: It is the effective mothers' on performing BSE, students' BSE is 2.34-fold, and mothers' self-efficacy is 4.16-times, and mothers' perform regular BSE is 3.31-fold on students' perform BSE. The students' perception of barriers to performing the BSE was lower and their self‐efficacy and health motivation were higher, and their mothers' levels of perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers scores were significantly higher. Conclusion: It was determined that students did not inform their mothers about breast cancer and BSE at the expected level, and students and their mothers mostly did not practice BSE and BSE was affected by their health beliefs.

Prediction of Breast Self-Examination Behavior Among Omani Undergraduate Students Using Champion's Health Belief Model.

Breast cancer (BC) is a most common and frequently occurring malignancy of women worldwide. Breast self-examination (BSE) is important for the early detection and prevention of BC and to limit the morbidity and mortality. Young students are ideal people to understand and motivate other women to perform BSE. BSE behavior of undergraduate students was predicted using Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. This study was conducted in all nine colleges of Sultan Qaboos University, , Oman. Three-hundred eighty-one female undergraduate students were selected through convenient sampling technique. The health belief towards BSE was predicted using CHBMS. The mean and SD of beliefs about the benefits of performing BSE showed 10.84 and 3.2, respectively. Mean and SD of confidence in performing BSE indicated 56.24 and 10.8. Likewise, the mean and SD of barriers in performing BSE are 13.58 and 4.2. Source of information is found to be a statistically significant predictor of barrier in performing BSE at p < .05. If the self- confidence of women in performing BSE improves, the women will uptake BSE more frequently thereby they can be prevented from developing the adverse consequences of advanced stages of breast cancer.

Studi Literatur: Identifikasi Faktor - Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku SADARI Sebagai Deteksi Dini Kanker Payudara

Background: mortality and morbidity rates from breast cancer in 2020 reached 65.5% of the population in Indonesia. Lack of early detection causes delays in treatment which will have an impact on the patient's prognosis getting worse. BSE/ Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is a simple examination or early detection of breast cancer itself. Purpose: This study aims to identify the factors that influence Breast Self-Examination (BSE) behavior and what factors predominate in women performing BSE based on a Literature Study. Method: The design of this research is Literature Study. The sample of this study was 11 journals according to the inclusion criteria and fulfilled the JBI quality assessment of journals. Search data through Pubmed, Biomed Central, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect websites. The Boolean Logic used is “Influence OR Impact OR Affect AND Knowledge OR Attitude OR Culture OR Education OR Skills OR Support OR Facilities AND Behavior AND Breast Self-Examination OR Breast Self-Exams AND Breast Cancer” and has been checked using the MesH term. Results: Predisposing factors (Knowledge, Attitude, Cultural Values, Perceptions, Individual Characteristics). Supporting or driving factors (Skills, Resources, Environment), and other factors (Discomfort and Awareness) are factors that influence BSE/Breast Self-Examination behavior in the early detection of Breast Cancer. Conclusion: Literature studies based on journals that have been analyzed are factors that influence BSE behavior in women. The factors that most dominate women performing BSE are predisposing factors which include Knowledge Factors, Attitudes, Cultural Values, Perceptions, and Individual Characteristics, which are known through data analysis using the exposition method.