Breast Cancer Preventive Behaviors Research Articles

Health Beliefs, Breast Cancer Awareness, and Prevention Behaviors of Turkish Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between nursing students' breast cancer (BC) awareness, health beliefs, and BC prevention behaviors. Methods: This study sample consisted of 256 female students. Descriptive Information Form, Breast Cancer Awareness Scale (B-CAS), the Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors of Women (FABCPB) Scale, and the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) were used to collect the data. Results: Breast self-examination was performed in 53.9% of the nursing students. The mean B-CAS score was 1.35 ± 0.58 and the mean FABCPB score was 102.84 ± 9.62. The mean scores of the sub-dimension scores of the CHBMS of nursing students were as sensitivity perception 7.93 ± 2.13, seriousness perception 22.58 ± 5.26, benefit perception 17.25 ± 3.17, obstacle perception 22.89 ± 6.24, confidence 37.71 ± 7.53, and health motivation 26.47 ± 4.41 points. A significant correlation was found between the scores of the nursing students on the B-CAS, FABCPB, and CHBMS scales. Conclusions: Nursing students' scores on the B-CAS and FABCPB were moderate, CHBMS sensitivity and obstacle perception sub-dimension scores were low, severity perception scores were moderate, and benefit perception, trust, and health motivation sub-dimension scores were high. As the BC awareness of nursing students increased, their cancer prevention behaviors and health beliefs increased.

Exploring Awareness and Understanding of Breast Cancer Risk Factors, Screening, and Treatment among Females in Pakistan

Purpose: Breast cancer is a pressing concern in Pakistan, ranking as the second leading cause of death among women. Despite its increasing incidence, it often lacks adequate attention from policymakers and healthcare professionals. This oversight could have severe consequences. To effectively tackle this health crisis, a thorough understanding of breast cancer's prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes in Pakistan is crucial. Methodology: To assess the level of awareness and understanding of breast cancer among women, this study was conducted. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the outpatient department of Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, involving 350 female patients. Data were collected using a pre-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 16.0. Findings: Descriptive statistics were used, and the results were expressed as percentages and presented graphically. The study found that 70% of women were aware of breast cancer. Furthermore, 74% of the patients were married, and 87% had children. Knowledge about signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer was relatively high among the women surveyed. However, only 23% of women had knowledge about performing breast self-examinations, and 18% had heard about mammography. This study provides valuable insights into breast cancer awareness and prevention behaviors among women in Pakistan, with significant implications for theory, policy, and practice. The findings highlight gaps in knowledge and awareness, particularly regarding breast self-examinations and mammography screenings. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Policy implications stemming from the study results include the need for targeted awareness campaigns, educational programs, and screening initiatives to improve breast cancer awareness and preventive behaviors among women in Pakistan. Policymakers should allocate resources towards these efforts and integrate breast cancer education into existing healthcare services and community outreach programs to ensure widespread dissemination of information and access to screening services.

Doğurganlık çağındaki kadınların meme kanserini önleme davranışlarını etkileyen faktörler

Amaç: Araştırmada doğurganlık çağındaki kadınların meme kanseri önleme davranışlarını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve ilişkisel tipte olan araştırma, Türkiye’de Tokat iline bağlı bir kasabada bulunan Aile Sağlığı Merkezi (ASM)’ne kayıtlı 181 katılımcı ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Sosyodemografik Veri Formu ve Meme Kanseri Önleme Davranışlarını Etkileyen Faktörleri Belirleme Ölçeği (MEKÖD) ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Kadınların MEKÖD ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 115.59±15.43 olup, %55.8’inin Kendi Kendine Meme Muayenesi (KKMM) yaptığı, %96.1’inin düzenli Klinik Meme Muayenesi (KMM) kontrolüne gitmediği, %66.9’unun mamografi çektirmediği belirlenmiştir. KKMM bilgisi olanların, KKMM yapanların ve muayene zamanını bilenlerin, birinci derece akrabalarında meme kanseri olanların meme kanserini önleme davranışları daha yüksektir (p

The Relation between Breast Cancer Fear and Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors of Female Healthcare Professionals

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between breast cancer fear and breast cancer prevention behaviors of female healthcare professionals (HCPs). Materials and Methods: This descriptive correlational study involved a convenience sample of 338 nurses, midwives and physicians working at a state hospital in Turkey. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews with the participants using Personal Information Form, Breast Cancer Fear Scale (BCFS), and Scale of Factors Affecting Women’s Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors (ASSISTS).The data were analyzed by using Independent Samples t Test, One-way ANOVA, Tukey and Pearson’s correlation tests. Results: The mean scores on BCFS and ASSISTS were 26.71±7.65 and 123.36±15.49 respectively, indicating breast cancer fear were high and breast cancer prevention behaviors were moderately. The higher breast cancer prevention behavior scores among the HCPs who were working longer years, working longer years in night shift, those having breast problems, and undergone breast biopsy, those performing breast self-examination, undergone clinical breast examination and mammography (p0.05). Conclusion: Professional education in breast cancer prevention behaviors and addressing fear on breast cancer are likely to result in reduced barriers to develop prevention behaviors.

Impact of Web-Based Educational Intervention on Preventive Behaviors of Breast Cancer among Damanhour University Female Students

Impact of Web-Based Educational Intervention on Preventive Behaviors of Breast Cancer among Damanhour University Female Students

Predictive factors of breast cancer mammography screening among Iranian women.

Understanding the factors that influence women's cancer screening behavior is crucial in reducing cancer mortality through early detection. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the status of mammography and related factors among women who presented to the health centers of Khorasan Razavi province, Iran. For this study, a sample of 251,011 women who visited healthcare centers affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences was selected. The study examined several variables, including sociodemographic information, current smoking, nutrition status, and physical exercise. All analyses were performed using Python programming language and SPSS software. Furthermore, to handle imbalanced data, we used SMOTE balancing method that is an oversampling method and produce synthetic samples from the minority class. The factors of age, education, being employed, having children, family history of cancer, physical activity, smoking status, and diet were all predictors of mammography screening. Moreover, findings showed that age and family history of breast cancer were most important variables to predict mammography status, respectively. By examining various variables such as dietary habits, exercise, smoking, and demographic properties, it sheds light on the relationships between these factors and mammography screening. This provides valuable insights into the associations between breast cancer screening behavior and preventive lifestyle behaviors. By targeting both preventive lifestyle choices and breast cancer screening behaviors, interventions can effectively promote positive changes in behavior and ultimately reduce the incidence and impact of breast cancer.

The effects of women’s insight levels on breast cancer prevention behaviors: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to determine the effect of women’s insight levels on their breast cancer prevention behaviors in primary health care services. A systematic sampling method was used to select a sample of 393 women in a province in Turkey. Socio-demographic Characteristics Form, Insight Scale and Scale for Determining Factors Affecting Women’s Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviour were used as data collection tools. Data were collected face-to-face and then analyzed statistically using Student’s t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey HSD, Spearman correlation test and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that those who felt “healthy” had significantly higher mean breast cancer prevention behavior (p < .05). It was determined that there was a weak positive correlation between the level of insight and breast cancer prevention behaviors, and the increase in the level of insight had a significant positive effect of 0.37 ± 0.051 points on breast cancer prevention behaviors. It was found that there was a significant negative effect on prevention behaviors with 1.66 ± 0.796 points in those with a high education level and 1.58 ± 0.505 points in those with suspected disease. In conclusion, in this study, it was determined that insight level, education level, and awareness of early diagnosis affected the prevention behaviors of breast cancer.

Investigation of the Effect of Women's Breast Cancer Worry Levels on Breast Cancer Prevention Behavior.

The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of worry about breast cancer (BC) amongst a sample of women and to examine the effect of this on behavior to prevent BC. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 271 women aged 18 years and above who attended the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic of a tertiary hospital and met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the following tools: Patient Information Form; Breast Cancer Worry Scale (BCWS); Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors Identification Scale (BCPBIS); and Mammography Processes of Change Scale (MPCS). When evaluated according to BCWS scores (mean 8.43±3.36), the BC worry levels were found to be low. The behavior adopted for prevention was also found to be positive according to BCPBIS (mean 119±15.26) and MPCS (mean 82.38±12.81) scores. A significant correlation was found between the BCWS and both the BCPBIS and MPCS scores, and again between the BCPBIS and MPCS scores (p<0.001 for all). There was a correlation with three scale scores in those who had knowledge about BC, and those who had regular clinical breast examination (BE) (p<0.05 for all). The BCPBIS score was found to be higher in those aged between 41-65 years, those who had mammography, and performed p self-BE (p = 0.002; p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively). According to the MPCS score, mammography behaviors was found to be more positive in those who had regular gynecological examinations and those who had mammography (p = 0.08 and p = 0.011). The participants generally had low BC worry levels and had adopted positive behavior for prevention. Being informed about BC and screening and having regular BE increased BC worry. Those with high BC worry, those who had mammography before, those who had knowledge about BC and screening, and those who regularly performed BE showed more positive behaviors toward preventing BC.

The “Breast-4Y” web app for breast cancer prevention at young age: Development, evaluation, and validation

BackgroundImproving knowledge of risk factors, signs and symptoms positively influence an individual's intention to acquire healthy lifestyle behaviors to prevent breast cancer, to identify breast cancer risk early and seek health advice early. The aim of the present study was to develop and to assess the usability and quality of a web-app (Breast-4Y) designed specifically for younger women to improve their knowledge about breast cancer risk factors and symptoms as well as protective behaviors to reduce their risk. MethodsThe development of the Breast-4Y web-app, based on Health Belief Model and the Behaviour Change Wheel, comprised four steps: i) analysis of scientific literature regarding breast cancer risk factors, symptoms and preventive lifestyle behaviors; ii) design of web-app; iii) content review by experts; iv) quality and usability assessment by the end-users (n = 20). Web-app usability was evaluated using the Spanish version of the System Usability Scale for the Assessment of Electronic Tools and the quality using the Spanish version of uMARS. ResultsThe contents were rated 4.25 or above, indicating high content quality. The mean usability score was 84.9 (SD 12.4), the mean rating for objective quality and subjective quality dimensions mean were 4.2 (SD 0.4) and 3.4 (0.777) respectively, indicating excellent usability and quality. Positive associations (p < .05) were observed between numbers of app used and attitudes to change (r = 0.479), and intention to change (r = 0.539). Strong positive associations (p < .001) were also observed between usability satisfaction and attitudes to change (r = 0.584), intention to change (r = 0.656), and help-seeking (r = 0.656). ConclusionsThis study provided evidence that Breast-4Y has adequate contents, high quality, and usability. Breast-4Y can be tested in pragmatic trials to assess their effectiveness to reduce the risk of breast cancer, raise women's awareness of breast cancer risk factors, increase women's knowledge of breast cancer symptoms, and adopt protective lifestyle behaviors.

The Effect of Surgical Nurses' Fear of Breast Cancer on Protective Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study

This research was carried out to determine the relationship between nurses' breast cancer fear levels, breast cancer prevention behaviors, and early diagnosis application behaviors. It was conducted with 177 nurses working in the surgical clinics of a university hospital between 15 May and 15 June 2022. In addition to questions about nurses' characteristics, Breast Cancer Fear Scale (IDFS), Affecting Factors Scale and Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors Scale (FABCP) were used. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyzes were performed. The P value smaller than 0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance. Breast cancer fear levels of nurses; are high, and protective and behavioral BSE and mammography/USG application levels are quite high except for clinical breast examination.

Abstract 1019: Address breast cancer equity through virtual community oncology navigation and engagement (vCONET)

Abstract The objective of this study is to develop and test a culturally sensitive, inclusive, and accessible virtual navigation model for Black women to promote and improve breast cancer screening behaviors. Breast cancer is among the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality globally, and there is a wide range of racial and ethnic disparities across the cancer continuum. Black women continue to have disproportionately high mortality rates compared to Whites, and are more impacted by triple-negative breast cancer and inflammatory breast cancer earlier in their lives and at more advanced stages. Patient navigation, particularly when culturally tailored to the intended population, is highly effective in reducing the complexity of access to care for cancer prevention and treatment. The growing momentum and usage of telehealth and virtual care has significant potential to reach Black women, to promote higher mammography screening and early detection of breast cancer. Virtual patient navigation can provide a safe, engaging, and accessible space to accelerate the application of practical approaches to address health disparities and increase preventive behaviors in underrepresented community. However, limited information exists on specific factors which impact the design, implementation, and receptivity of virtual navigation in Black communities. This study aims to: 2) Develop and test a culturally-adapted prototype of a virtual patient navigation intervention tool for increasing access to breast cancer screening education and promotion for Black women. 1) Use qualitative focus group methodology to explore the beliefs, attitudes, perceptions, and receptivity of community members of program usability and breast cancer awareness, prevention and screening behaviors among Black women. The study will examine social determinants of health that impact potential challenges to access utilization of mammography screening services. Qualitative focus group discussions will be conducted to guide the details of the virtual patient navigation, such as communication channels, specific messaging approaches, and sociocultural factors to integrate, as well as addressing current challenges and needs faced by the community. The results of this study can provide valuable insight to specific needs regarding outreach and access to screening mammography services to underrepresented communities of color to ultimately reduce breast cancer rates. Data collection is ongoing and preliminary results will be presented. Citation Format: Manisha Salinas. Address breast cancer equity through virtual community oncology navigation and engagement (vCONET) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1019.

FACTORS AFFECTING WOMEN’S BREAST CANCER PREVENTION BEHAVIORS

Purpose: This research was conducted to identify the factors that affected women’s breast cancer prevention behaviors. Methods: The research, designed as a descriptive study, was conducted between October 2020 - March 2021 and the sample of the research consisted of 587 women. Results: The scores to be obtained from the Scale to Measure Factors Influencing Women’s Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors range from a minimum of 33 to a maximum of 165, and the mean score obtained by the participant women in this study was 104.15± 10.03 points. It was found that, as per knowing the frequency of having mammography screening, receiving breast self-exam training, and having clinical breast exam, there were statistically significant differences in the means of scores obtained by the participant women from the scale (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was identified that the participant women had moderately positive breast cancer prevention behaviors. Keywords: Breast Cancer, Preventive Behaviors,Women,

Factors Related to Breast Cancer Preventive Behaviors in Middle-aged Women: An Application of Protection Motivation Theory

Factors Related to Breast Cancer Preventive Behaviors in Middle-aged Women: An Application of Protection Motivation Theory

Status of breast cancer screening strategies and indicators in Iran: A scoping review.

Background:This scoping review aimed to investigate the status of breast cancer (BC) preventive behaviors and screening indicators among Iranian women in the past 15 years. BC, as the most common cancer in women, represents nearly a quarter (23%) of all cancers. Presenting the comprehensive view of preventive modalities of BC in the past 15 years in Iran may provide a useful perspective for future research to establish efficient services for timely diagnosis and control of the disease.Materials and Methods:The English and Persian articles about BC screening modalities and their indicators in Iran were included from 2005 to 2020. English electronic databases of Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, and Persian databases of Scientific Information Database (SID) and IranMedex were used. The critical information of articles was extracted and classified into different categories according to the studied outcomes.Results:A total of 246 articles were assessed which 136 of them were excluded, and 110 studies were processed for further evaluation. Performing breast self-examination, clinical breast examination, and mammography in Iranian women reported 0%–79.4%, 4.1%–41.1%, and 1.3%-45%, respectively. All of the educational interventions had increased participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice in performing the screening behaviors. The most essential screening indicators included participation rate (3.8% to 16.8%), detection rate (0.23–8.5/1000), abnormal call rate (28.77% to 33%), and recall rate (24.7%).Conclusion:This study demonstrated heterogeneity in population and design of research about BC early detection in Iran. The necessity of a cost-effective screening program, presenting a proper educational method for increasing women's awareness and estimating screening indices can be the priorities of future researches. Establishing extensive studies at the national level in a standard framework are advised

Identification of women’s breast cancer prevention behaviors and the associated factors: The case of the Southeastern Anatolia Region

In this study, the researchers investigated the factors that affect women’s breast cancer prevention behaviors. The sample of this cross-sectional and descriptive study consisted of 406 participants aged 20 and older. The study was conducted in February-March 2021 within the administrative borders of a province located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The data were collected via an online platform using Personal Information Form and the Scale of Factors Affecting Women’s Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors. The mean Scale of Factors Affecting Women’s Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors score of the participants was moderate as 107.20 ± 17.86. The frequency of breast cancer prevention behaviors was found to be lower in the participants with low literacy, those who were unemployed, those with low income, those living in villages and those who did not perform breast self-examination (p < 0.05). It is recommended to plan educational studies on breast cancer screening behaviors by considering regional differences.

Breast Cancer Perception Scale: Psychometric Development Study.

The Breast Cancer Perception Scale was developed using a well-supported theory, thought to be associated with breast cancer prevention behaviors. The aim of this study is to develop the Breast Cancer Perception Scale based on the Health Belief Model and conduct psychometric analysis. The study was conducted with women aged 20 or above with a methodological design. The scale study was conducted with 572 women who were not diagnosed with breast cancer and willing to participate in the study. The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale is made up of six sub-dimensions (perceived knowledge, perceived treatment belief, the perceived need for a health check, perceived stigma, perceived fear, perceived risk) and 24 items, which explain the 74.36% of the total variance. The model obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis was within the limits of the acceptable fit index and factor loads between 0.655 and 0.998. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of the scale sub-dimensions was determined as 0.815-0.950. The overall psychometric evaluation results of the Breast Cancer Perception Scale found it to be a valid and reliable instrument that can be associated with multi-dimensional cases, such as healthy life behaviors in women, breast cancer diagnostic behaviors, family history, traumatic experiences regarding breast cancer, and the level of breast cancer knowledge.

Validity and Reliability Study of the Scale of Factors Affecting Women's Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors

Validity and Reliability Study of the Scale of Factors Affecting Women's Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors

Effect of The Health Belief Model-Based Education on Preventive Behaviors of Breast Cancer

Context: Breast cancer is the main type of cancer affecting women and the fourth most common cancer mortality cause. Approximately one out of eight women worldwide develop breast cancer. Screening prevention plays a vital role in the early detection of breast cancer and reducing mortality rates.&#x0D; Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the health belief model-based education on breast cancer preventive behaviors.&#x0D; Methods: Quasi-experimental (pre/post-test) design was used in this study. The study was conducted at the obstetrics outpatient clinic affiliated to Benha University Hospital, Egypt, on a purposive sample of 100 women. A self-administered questionnaire, Champion’s Health Belief Model Constructs Scale (CHBMS), and an observation checklist for Breast Self-Examination (BSE) were used to collect the data.&#x0D; Results: The study showed that 62% of the studied women mean age was 35.90±6.45, 53 % of them had secondary education, 93% of them didn't do regular breast self-examination, and 96% of them did not have a mammogram ever. Besides, there were improvements in the studied women's knowledge scores regarding breast cancer post-model implementation (P &lt; 0.001). There was a highly statistically significant difference in total practice scores of preventive behaviors pre and post model implementation (p-value &lt;0.001). Also, there was a positive statistically significant correlation between the studied women's total knowledge (pre and post model implementation), practices (post model implementation), and their total health belief.&#x0D; Conclusions: This study concluded the positive effects of the health belief model-based education on women's knowledge and preventive breast cancer behaviors regarding breast self-examination. The study recommended developing a regular periodic educational program for women to enhance their knowledge and practices toward

Associated Factors with Adopting Preventive Behaviors for Breast Cancer in Iran

Background: Considering the remarkable role of students in society and the relatively high prevalence of breast cancer in women, this study aimed to determine the factors related to adopting preventive behaviors for breast cancer in students.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 375 female students of Qazvin city, who were selected by stratified random sampling during the year 2019. Data collection tools included a demographic and contextual questionnaire and a valid and reliable questionnaire for measuring breast cancer preventive behaviors. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software program, descriptive statistics and logistic regression.Results: Using there was a statistically significant relationship between adopting preventive behaviors against breast cancer and physical activity (P &lt;0.001), so that the chances of adopting good preventive behaviors in students with "occasionally", "rarely" and "never" physical activity were respectively 0.410, 0.113, and 0.098 times chance for the students with daily physical activity. There was a significant relationship between breast cancer prevention and academic years (p= 0.027), so that the chances of adopting good-level preventive behaviors in the senior students was 1.498 times higher than the first year students. There was also a significant relationship between adopting preventive behaviors and employment (P = 0.017), so that the chances of adopting good-level preventive behaviors in unemployed students was 1.725 times higher than that of the employed students.Conclusion: Students with lower education and less physical activity and the employed individuals less commonly adopted preventive behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to these students in designing educational programs.

Association between health literacy and adopting preventive behaviors of breast cancer in Iran.

BACKGROUND:Health literacy plays an important role in adopting preventive behaviors. Considering the relatively high prevalence of breast cancer in women, this study aimed to assess the association between health literacy and adopting the preventive behavior of breast cancer in Iran.METHODS:This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, in which 375 female students at Imam Khomeini International University in Qazvin in the academic year of 2018–2019 were selected through a stratified random sampling method. Demographic and background questionnaire, the standard questionnaire of Health Literacy for Iranian Adults in addition to another questionnaire for measuring breast cancer preventive behaviors, were used for collecting data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.RESULTS:The mean of the breast cancer preventive behaviors and health literacy were 8.92 ± 1.82 out of 16 and 70.80 ± 12.49 out of 100. Regression results showed that there was a statistically significant association between the adoption of breast cancer preventive behaviors and physical activity (P < 0.001) and health literacy (P < 0.018). Accordingly, the chance for adopting the preventive behaviors in good level among students with rare and without physical activity was 0.105 and 0.100 times, respectively, more than students who had been doing physical activity on a daily basis. Moreover, the same chance among students with adequate and very adequate health literacy was 1.802 and 2.169 times more than students with inadequate health literacy.CONCLUSION:The results indicated that students with lower levels of health literacy and less physical activity had shown less tendency to adopt preventive behaviors of breast cancer. Therefore, special attention should be paid to health literacy (HL), particularly physical activity, application of health information, and assessment in students when designing educational programs to prevent breast cancer.