Breakfast Practices Research Articles

Breakfast Practices Among Indonesian Adults: Urban and Rural Differences and Its Associated Factors

Backgrounds: Adults in Indonesia have challenges due to the high prevalence of obesity. Factors that contributed to obesity included unhealthy eating practices. Skipping breakfast habits are linked to health issues such as non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Breakfast practices also reflected the social and cultural dynamics in urban and rural. Socioeconomic and demographic factors could cause differences in breakfast practices between urban and rural areas in Indonesia. Objectives: This research aimed to examine the differences in breakfast practices among Indonesian adults in urban and rural areas based on various characteristics and to explore the association between socioeconomic and demographic characteristics with breakfast practices. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Indonesia Food Barometer (IFB) in 2018. A total of 770 adults (26–45 years old) were examined to observe the differences in breakfast practices (skipping breakfast, eating together, buying food, cooking food, and activities during meals) in urban and rural areas. Logistic regression analysis was also employed to examine the association between skipping breakfast and modern breakfast practices with socioeconomic and demographic variables. Results: Chi-square analysis showed significant differences between urban and rural areas in eating alone, eating outside the home, and buying food during breakfast (p-value <0.001). Factors related to skipping breakfast were education level and type of residence (all p-value <0.001), while occupation (p-value = 0.004) and type of residence (p-value <0.001) were related to modern breakfast practices. Conclusions: There were differences in breakfast practices between urban and rural. Skipping breakfast and modern breakfast practices were more prevalent in urban areas.

Hubungan Kebiasaan Sarapan Pagi, Tingkat Kecukupan Protein dan Vitamin C dengan Kejadian Anemia di SMKN 12 Surabaya

Anemia is one of the nutritional issues that teenagers face. Anemia is a result of the predominance of nutritional intake that is subpar, which might result in a danger if nutritional issues exist. inadequate nutrient intake, which affects the body's ability to absorb nutrients or absorb them properly and contributes to hemoglobin production. Breakfast habits are another element that causes anemia. The value of breakfast in helping youngsters satisfy their daily nutritional and energy demands. The goal of this research was to examine the relationships between anemia at SMKN 12 Surabaya and breakfast practices, protein intake, and vitamin C intake. 100 young women from SMKN 12 Surabaya were the sample for the study, which employed cross sectional analysis. The study's independent factors were breakfast practices, protein intake, and vitamin C intake. The dependent variable was young women's anemia. The Chi-Square test is used in a bivariate study to examine the relationship between breakfast consumption, protein intake, and vitamin C intake, and the prevalence of anemia. 39% of respondents reported having anemia. The majority of respondents reported eating breakfast often with adequate amounts of protein (56%) and inadequate levels of vitamin C (93%). The frequency of anemia and the amount of protein adequacy are significantly correlated (p=0.005). Breakfast consumption had no discernible impact on the prevalence of anemia (p=0.522). The incidence of anemia and the amount of vitamin C adequacy did not significantly correlate (p=0.557). The prevalence of anemia in female teenagers is correlated with the amount of adequate protein in the diet.

Pendidikan gizi terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik sarapan pada siswa SMP IT Nurul Fajar Cikarawang

Breakfast contributes energy by 25% of the level of total daily energy needs. One third of the students of SMP IT Nurul Fajar Cikarawang Village have poor breakfast habits and quality. Adolescence is the most important phase in the formation of an individual's eating habits. A teenager's eating habits consist of knowledge related to breakfast, one's attitudes and practices towards breakfast. Knowledge-based practices will last a long time, therefore it is important for adolescents to obtain nutrition education from various sources, one of which is school. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of nutrition education interventions on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adolescents regarding breakfast. The design of this study was a quasi experimental and purposive sampling method with a sample size of 57 7th and 8th grade students aged 12-15 years at SMP IT Nurul Fajar, Cikarawang Village. The healthy breakfast nutrition education intervention was given in 2 sessions with a duration of 50 minutes for each session. The media used in this research include leaflets, posters, videos, and materials in the form of power points. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the knowledge and attitude scores of adolescents regarding healthy breakfast (p≤0.05), while the practice of breakfast in adolescents experienced an insignificant increase (p0.05). Nutrition education interventions have an impact on increasing adolescent knowledge and attitudes regarding healthy breakfast, but the impact is not seen on adolescent breakfast practices. This is because the duration and frequency of nutrition education are too short, so nutrition education interventions are needed with a longer frequency and duration.

Breakfast practices and factors associated with skipping of breakfast in medical students

Objectives: To find out the breakfast practices and factors associated with skipping breakfast in medical students of Karachi.Material and Methods: This is is a Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted in public sector medical institutes of Karachi from 1st January to 31st March 2019. 382 medical students were enrolled after taking informed consent. Data were collected from included students of this study, who had an age of 18 to 24 years, and all other students having a history of lactose intolerance, anorexia nervosa, and food allergies were excluded from the study. Breakfast outcome (practices and skip or omit of breakfast) data were collected by self-made structured questionnaire and anthropometric data (height, weight) were recorded. Body mass index was calculated as weight (Kg)/height (m)2. Collected data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for social sciences version 22.Results: The mean age and mean Body mass index of students were 20.83±1.54 and 15.53±3.5 respectively. The study outcomes on breakfast practices, among participants, showed 81.4% were taken breakfast, breakfast skippers were 18.6%, gender-based comparison between breakfast-skippers males (14.1%): females (85.9%) were respectively and shortage of time is the main factor (56.3%) associated with breakfast skipping in students. There is no significant (p>0.05) association between Gender-based comparison between factors associated with breakfast skipping.Conclusion: The breakfast skippers were 18.6%, and among the main factors associated with skipping of breakfast was a shortage of time (56.3%).

Junk Food Consumption, Physical Activity and Nutritional Status of Adolescent School Children: A Case Study in Ratnapura District of Sri Lanka

Junk food is rich in fats, sugar, salt and calories. Excess consumption of junk food leads to various health and nutritional disorders. The association between junk food consumption at breakfast of adolescent school children, their physical activity level and BMI status was determined in the current study. A cross-sectional study involving 300 male and female students of the age range 12-14 years from four randomly selected schools in Ratnapura district was conducted in 2019. Information regarding physical activity, breakfast practices and energy expenditure was obtained using a pre-tested questionnaire filled by the students. The criteria recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define obesity and overweight, sex and age-specific body mass index (BMI). The study showed, although 72% of the students were aware of the unhealthiness of the junk food habit and more than 85% of the parents were aware and students were knowledgeable about the nutrient facts, 72.7% consumed it due to the taste and the rest due to its convenience. The frequent junk food consumers at breakfast were more obese (p = 0.002) and overweight (p =0.003) compared to occasional junk food eaters most of whom were in the normal BMI range. A negative correlation was observed between BMI and energy expenditure (Pearson correlation = -0.49) where a higher BMI was observed with inactive (p < 0.001) or minimally active (p < 0.002) students. A nutritional transition from underweight to overweight and obesity related to junk food consumption is evident from the above data in Ratnapura district of Sri Lanka.

The Italian breakfast: Mulino Bianco and the advent of a family practice (1971-1995)

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how Mulino Bianco, an iconic Italian bakery brand, has reshaped the symbolic and material aspects of breakfast in Italy, transforming a declining practice into a common family occasion.Design/methodology/approachA socio-historical analysis of the iconisation process has been undertaken with a framework for investigating the symbolic, material and practice-based aspects of the brand and their changes over time. Archival marketing material, advertising campaigns and interviews with brand managers constitute the main data for analysis.FindingsThree crucial moments have been identified in which the brand articulates its relationship with the practice of breakfast. During the launch of the brand, the articulation was mainly instigated via the myths of tamed nature and rural past and the material aspect of the products reinforced such an articulation. In the second moment, the articulation was established with the brand’s materiality, emphasised through the use of promotional items targeting mothers and children. In the last phase, a cementification of the articulation was achieved mainly via the symbolic aspect of the brand – communicating Mulino Bianco as emblematic of a new family life in which the “Italian breakfast” was central.Originality/valueTheoretically, this paper advances the understanding of the pervasive influence of brands in family life, showing how they do not simply reshape existing family food practices, rather they can re-create new ones, investing them with symbolic meanings, anchoring them with novel materiality and equipping consumers with new understandings and competences.

Breakfast: a multidisciplinary approach

BackgroundThe role of breakfast as an essential part of an healthy diet has been only recently promoted even if breakfast practices were known since the Middle Age. The growing scientific evidences on this topic are extremely sector-based nevertheless breakfast could be regarded from different point of views and from different expertises. This approach, that take into account history, sociology, anthropology, medicine, psychology and pedagogy, is useful to better understand the value of this meal in our culture. The aim of this paper was to analyse breakfast-related issues based on a multidisciplinary approach with input by specialists from different fields of learning.DiscussionBreakfast is now recommended as part of a diet because it is associated with healthier macro- and micronutrient intakes, body mass index and lifestyle. Moreover recent studies showed that breakfast improves cognitive function, intuitive perception and academic performance. Research demonstrates the importance of providing breakfast not only to children but in adults and elderly too. Although the important role breakfast plays in maintaining the health, epidemiological data from industrialised countries reveal that many individuals either eat a nutritionally unhealthy breakfast or skip it completely.SummaryThe historical, bio-psychological and educational value of breakfast in our culture is extremely important and should be recognized and stressed by the scientific community. Efforts should be done to promote this practice for the individual health and well-being.

Evaluation of the feeding habits of practitioners of morning physical activity

Introduction: Determine and asses the usual practice of breakfast as habit and pre-exercise meal of practitioners of physical activity at morning. Materials and Methods: It was appraised 500 apprentices of physical activity, with ages between 15 and 77 years. The employed experimental procedure was the observational technique for simple questionnaire. Results: In total, 82.2% of people do some type of pre-exercise breakfast. The most consumed foods are fruits (55.2%), bread (72.4%), coffee (51.5%), milk with chocolate (38.68%) and dairy products (36%). Most of the interviewees (66.6%) believes that make a correct choice of the foods. However, it was registered the consumption of foods that are not recommended. The predominant time to ingest the food (34%) was between 30min and 45min, before the exercise. The most observed physiologic manifestations during the practice of exercises were: dizziness (42.2%), somnolence (37.2%), intense thirst (31.4%) and none (40.6%). The supplements consumption was indicated for 28.2% of the sample. Discussion: The apprentices of physical activity at morning habitually consume some food before practice exercises. But, It’s necessary a nutritional orientation for better explanation in relation the correct choice of foods to compose a pre-exercise meal.

A survey of breakfast practices of 4-12 year old children

The Journal is the primary organ of Continuing Paediatric Medical Education in Sri Lanka. The journal also has a website. Free full text access is available for all readers.The Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health is now indexed in SciVerse Scopus (Source Record ID 19900193609), Index Medicus for South-East Asia Region (IMSEAR), CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International Global Health Database), DOAJ and is available in Google, as well as Google Scholar.The policies of the journal are modelled on the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Guidelines on Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health is recognised by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) as a publication following the ICMJE Recommendations.