Railway signal system is the core system of railway command train operation. After the installation of the system equipment is completed, a comprehensive test shall be carried out through joint debugging and joint testing, and the applicability of the system to the design requirements shall be generally evaluated according to the test results. This paper focuses on the research of railway signal electronic control system. Based on BP neural network, fault information can be quickly and accurately identified in a relatively short time, and accurate electronic signal control can be realized in a complex system environment. The final result of the study shows that the difference in delay error of railway signal transmission under BP neural network technology is small, there are some subtle differences in 5 different modes, but the impact is small, in mode 1, the target time value is 0.236s, The actual reflection time is 0.322s, it can be seen that the error is controlled within 0.2s, which is feasible. Through the analysis of delay error of railway signal electronic control system, BP neural network has certain advantages in railway signal transmission.
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