Load Boundary Research Articles

Finite Element Analysis and Design Optimisation of Welding robot base using ANSYS

The study on Finite Element Analysis and Design Optimization of a welding robot base using ANSYS explores the crucial role of welding robots in enhancing industrial productivity and quality. It addresses the challenges of structural integrity, operational efficiency, and durability under harsh conditions. The research focuses on optimizing the robot base design to withstand high production demands, using ANSYS for detailed modelling and simulation. It reviews previous studies highlighting the importance of vibrational characteristics and structural dynamics in robot design. The methodology involves creating a geometric model, defining material properties, meshing, and applying boundary conditions and loading scenarios. The results indicate that the optimized design significantly improves stress distribution, reduces deformation, and enhances the dynamic response, making the robot base more robust and reliable. The study concludes with recommendations for broader applications in robotic systems to improve safety and productivity in industrial settings.

Theoretical Study of Asymmetric Bending Force on Metal Deformation in Cold Rolling

A three-dimensional elastic–plastic finite element model of a six-roll cold rolling mill has been developed using the finite element software ABAQUS. The actual parameters of the rolling mill have been incorporated into the finite element model, with the working conditions applied as boundary constraints and load conditions. Subsequently, a non-symmetrical bending force is introduced to the finite element model. Through simulation calculations, this study analyzes the patterns of change in the transverse pressure of the rolling mill and roller pressure during non-symmetrical bending, as well as the variations in strip thickness, crown, edge drop, and flatness. Additionally, the regulating function of the bending force is examined. Each adjustment of 5 t in the asymmetric bending force results in an increase of approximately 0.01 mm in the thickness of the positive bending side of the strip while causing a decrease of about 0.01 mm in the thickness of the negative bending side. Therefore, the application of asymmetric bending forces proves to be effective in controlling the shape of lateral wave defects on the edges of steel strips.

Experimental insights into the seismic behaviour of flanged URM walls

Considerable attention has been given to understanding and modelling the seismic response of unreinforced masonry piers with rectangular cross-sections. However, the seismic performance of load-bearing masonry walls with flanges, commonly found in actual building configurations, remains less explored. This study investigates the behaviour of flanged walls through cyclic quasi-static tests on four full-scale C-shaped specimens comprising two primary seismic-resistant walls (webs) interconnected by a single flange. The construction of the specimens varied: two were built using standard solid calcium-silicate bricks with general-purpose mortar, while the other two utilised large-sized calcium-silicate blocks with tongue-and-groove interlocks and a thin layer of cement-based adhesive mortar. All specimens were subjected to cyclic horizontal loading parallel to the webs under consistent overburden load and double-fixed boundary conditions. The primary variable in testing the two walls of each type was the number of cyclic loading repetitions. This paper initially describes the key characteristics of the wall specimens, including geometry, construction details, and mechanical properties. Subsequently, it details the instrumentation plan and test protocol, and summarises the major observations from the tests, illustrating damage evolution and hysteretic force-displacement response. The results highlight the effect of the flange on initial stiffness and lateral force resistance, as well as the influence of block type and loading repetitions on failure mode, displacement capacity, and energy dissipation. Additionally, the study demonstrates the impact of floor slab uplift due to in-plane rocking of the webs on the top boundary conditions and the out-of-plane stability of the flange.

Exploring FEA Techniques for Bending Rectangular Glass Plates into Parabolic Shapes

Abstract: A structural Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted, incorporating both linear and nonlinear analysis. The investigation considered geometric nonlinearity, material nonlinearity, and boundary nonlinearity, also known as contact analysis. All boundary conditions, loadings, and material properties used in the analysis were based on real-world conditions. Experimental validations were performed to confirm the accuracy of the FEA results, providing strong confidence in the investigation's findings.

Influence of TiC particle size on microstructural evolution and fracture mechanism of TiC/Al-Cu composites

Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and molecular dynamics simulations, this work investigated the microstructure, texture evolution, strengthening mechanisms, and fracture progression of TiC/Al-Cu composites with various particle sizes following hot extrusion and heat treatment. TiC particles significantly refine grain sizes, shifting the dominant coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries from Σ5 to Σ3. The addition of TiC particles alters the preferred grain orientation from (111)/ED to (001)/ED, and modifies the type and intensity of the texture. The primary strengthening mechanisms attributed to TiC include grain boundary strengthening, dislocation strengthening, Orowan strengthening, and load transfer strengthening. However, the strong tendency of smaller TiC particles to agglomerate substantially diminishes these strengthening effects; thus, under a TiC addition of 0.5 wt%, larger TiC particles exhibit better mechanical properties. Fractographic analysis and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that microcracks originate from dissociation at the interfaces between the TiC agglomerates and the Al matrix. The subsequent propagation, expansion, and interconnection of multiple crack initiation sites lead to the formation of macroscopic cracks that result in material failure.

Fracturing Processes in Specimens with Internal vs. Throughgoing Flaws: An Experimental Study Using 3D Printed Materials

AbstractThe fracturing behavior and associated mechanical characterization of rocks are important for many applications in the fields of civil, mining, geothermal, and petroleum engineering. Laboratory testing of rocks plays a major role in understanding the underlying processes that occur on the larger scale and for predicting rock behavior. Fracturing research requires well-defined and consistent boundary conditions. Consequently, the testing design and setup can greatly influence the results. In this study, a comprehensive experimental program using an artificial material was carried out to systematically evaluate the effects of different parameters in rock testing under uniaxial compression. The parameters include compression platen type, specimen centering, loading control method, boundary constraints, and flaw parameters. The results show that these testing conditions have a significant effect on the mechanical behavior of rocks. Using a fixed compression platen helped reduce bulging of the material. Centering of the specimen played a critical role to avoid buckling and unequal distribution of stress. Slower displacement rates can control the energy being released once failure occurs to prevent the specimen from exploding. Also, the frictional end effects were investigated by comparing friction-reduced and non-friction-reduced end conditions. Very importantly, the study also identified variations in crack initiation and propagation between specimens with internal flaws and specimens with throughgoing flaws. This investigation showed that wing cracks appeared in specimens with throughgoing flaws, while wing cracks with petal cracks were associated with the internal flaws. It also showed that the mechanical properties are influenced by the inclination of the flaws and established that specimens with internal flaws generally exhibit higher strength compared to specimens with throughgoing flaws. The systematic analysis presented in this work sheds light on important considerations that need to be taken into account when conducting fracture research and adds knowledge to the fundamental understanding of how fractures occur in nature.

Multiscale framework-based crystal plasticity modeling and texture evolution of the deformation behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel microtubes manufactured through 3D-FBF technology

The grain size often influences the precision and quality of products manufactured by microforming at the microscale. Macroscale finite element modeling (FEM) cannot accurately predict nonuniform deformation and microstructural evolution at the microscale. In addition, the microscale FEM is challenging for forming processes with complex loading boundary conditions. Thus, in this study, a multiscale framework-based CPFEM is proposed to study the deformation behavior of microtubes manufactured through the 3D-FBF process. The acquired results show that significant nonuniform deformation is caused by greater geometric dimensions and smaller grain sizes, which increase the bending radius of microtubes at the macro level. In addition, a larger offset leads to higher flow stress, larger lattice rotation angles, and consequently, a larger bending radius for the microtube, and grain orientation also influences bending deformation, with easily deformable grain orientations leading to greater stress distribution within the grains.

Tangential contact modeling to seal considering elastic-plastic for lubrication transition mechanism

Researches on the reciprocating seals lubrication under elastic-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) are mature, and leakage of failure criterion has been described with Couette flow for more than 30 years, which could not reflect to leakage mechanism in multiscale. Thus, it is necessary to explore seal leakage failure to focus on micro convex bodies of asperities model under contact pressure and cycle tangential friction stress in mixed lubrication. This is because convex bodies behaviors determine sealing effect and lubrication behaviors in microscale with subjecting to the dominant pressure. Interaction between convex bodies fatigue hysteresis curve and elastic-plastic strain are also calculated to explore sealing effect with leakage rate mechanism. We then design water seal at high pressure of 100 MPa with the speed of 0.1–1 m/s and medium temperature from 5 ℃ to 40 ℃. IWAN model of the convex bodies are calculated. Probability density function and Jenkin’s elements critical slip displacement are obtained. Convex bodies of radial and tangential deformation are also calculated through loading of contact pressure and friction stress with cycle strength coefficient to obtain seal fatigue lifespan. Ratio to seal stick and slip friction is calculated for evaluating the loading boundary. Seal leakage failure mechanism with fatigue characteristics is illustrated with macro lubrication parameters and micro convex bodies mechanics performance.

Collaborative effects of fuel properties and EGR on the efficiency improvement and load boundary extension of a medium-duty engine

EGR dilution combustion has problems such as weakened anti-knock capability at high load, slow combustion speed and poor combustion stability, which results in limitations in the thermal efficiency improvement and load boundary extension of medium-duty highly-downsized engines. It is necessary to combine EGR dilution and other measures to collaboratively control the in-cylinder thermodynamic state and combustion process. The experimental investigations in this study isolate the effect of the ethanol blending ratio in ethanol gasoline on the anti-knock performance, combustion performance and thermal efficiency, and verifies the potential of collaborative optimization of fuel properties and EGR in improving the thermal efficiency and extending the load boundary for a medium-duty highly-downsized engine. The results show that as the load increases, the improvement effect of increasing the blending ratio of ethanol in the anti-knock performance, combustion speed, and the turbine inlet temperature reduction will become more obvious. At high load, using E20 fuel can improve the EGR tolerance, advance the spark timing and CA50, and thus increase the BTE. As the speed decreases, the thermal efficiency improvement effect of E20 fuel gradually increases, and the improved load range extends. The collaborative optimization of E20 fuel and EGR can further extend the high thermal efficiency area of the engine. And the Max. achievable load is 0.11 MPa higher than that of E10, which effectively extends the upper load limit during the stoichiometric combustion.

Extended B‐spline‐based implicit material point method for saturated porous media

AbstractThe large deformation and fluidization process of a solid–fluid mixture includes significant changes to the temporal scale of the phenomena and the shape and properties of the mixed material. This paper presents an extended B‐spline (EBS)‐based implicit material point method (EBS‐MPM) for the coupled hydromechanical analysis of saturated porous media to enhance the overall versatility of MPM in addressing such diverse phenomena. The proposed method accurately represents phenomena such as high‐speed motion in both the quasi‐static and dynamic states by employing a full formulation of coupled hydromechanical modeling. The weak imposition of boundary conditions based on Nitsche's method allows representing the boundary conditions independent of the relative position of the particles and computational grid. In addition, it enables dynamic changes in the boundary domain based on the deformation. The robustness of this boundary representation is reinforced using EBS basis functions, which prevent the degradation of the condition number of the system matrices regardless of the position of the boundary domain with respect to the computational grid. Furthermore, a stabilization method based on a variational multiscale method (VMS) approach is employed to provide the flexibility in choosing arbitrary basis functions for spatial discretization, facilitating the effective construction of EBS. Numerical examples including comparisons between a full formulation and a simplified formulation are presented to demonstrate the performance of the developed method under various boundary conditions and loading states across different time scales.

Numerical investigation of knee prosthesis stresses in daily activities: Insight into knee rehabilitation and Creation of a new optimal model

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a cornerstone in addressing knee joint disorders, significantly enhancing patients' quality of life. However, despite technological advancements, a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic stresses experienced by knee prostheses during daily activities, particularly under rehabilitation interventions, remains elusive. This study aims to bridge this gap by employing numerical simulations and finite element analysis to elucidate these dynamic stresses and their interaction with rehabilitation protocols.A real-life knee replacement prosthesis model was meticulously constructed through coordinate measuring and 3D scanning, facilitating detailed finite element analysis in ANSYS Workbench version 17.1. Two distinct boundary conditions and loading scenarios were applied, with comparisons made between linear and nonlinear material assumptions. The simulation results using these different boundary condition methods revealed minimal differences. Specifically, at a knee angle of 0°, the relative stress error rate between the two boundary condition types was approximately 1 % (1.11 MPa and 1.099 MPa, respectively). At 15° and 90°, the error rates were 1.9 % and 0.56 %, respectively (10.275 MPa and 10.078 MPa at 15°; 10.275 MPa and 10.078 MPa at 90°). Given these minimal differences, the first type of boundary condition was adopted for the subsequent scenarios to enhance convergence efficiency in the analysis.Moreover, comparative analyses between linear and nonlinear material behaviors demonstrated acceptable agreement, offering insights into potential efficiency gains in simulation methodologies. Building on this foundation, an optimized tibial model was proposed, incorporating geometric alterations to the tray. Quantitative assessments revealed significant reductions, with von Mises stress decreasing by 23.35 % and equivalent strain by 17 % at a knee angle of 140°. Further evaluations at varying angles, including 60°, consistently showed positive influences on stress and strain. These quantitative findings not only contribute valuable insights into the mechanical behavior of knee prostheses but also provide tangible evidence for the efficacy of linear material behavior assumptions. The proposed optimized model exhibits promising potential for enhancing the design and performance of knee prostheses, particularly under critical loading conditions.In conclusion, these results underscore the importance of a nuanced understanding of knee prosthesis behavior during rehabilitation, offering a quantitative foundation for refining existing designs and informing the development of next-generation prostheses.

Critical state uniqueness of dense granular materials using discrete element method in conjunction with flexible membrane boundary

An explanation of the meso-mechanism of sand granular materials for the uniqueness of critical state is presented by means of the discrete element method (DEM) under flexible boundary loading conditions. A series triaxial drainage shear test (DEM simulations), in conjunction with the flexible boundary technique, of were performed for sand samples subjected to various physical states and with different particle size distributions. After carefully investigating the critical status of the results of the numerical calculation, the macroscopic failure modes and shear band evolution of sand, as well as the velocity vector field due to different initial states, were explored and classified. Furthermore, the evaluation rules and discrepancies between overall void ratios of the specimen and local void ratios within the shear band under the critical state were recorded and analyzed. The results proved that a sample with a small void tends to form a shear band, and the rotation of the particles in the non-shear zone is negligible. Conversely, sandy soil with large initial void ratios exhibited limited development of significant shear bands, and the change in void ratios within the shear region and the non-shear area are not significant. Interestingly, the particle-size distribution exerts minimal influence on the evolution rule which the void ratio converges within the shear band and diverges outside the shear region for both multi-stage and single-stage specimens. The void ratio within the shear band and deviator stress ratio tend to exhibit consistently for the same specimen with different initial physical states, thereby distinguishing the critical state. There is a significantly higher change in void ratio within the shear band compared to outside of it, yet it remains stable within a relatively similar range. Additionally, the invariant of the fabric tensor used to describe the critical state characteristics also demonstrates a high degree of consistency within the shear band. These findings strongly indicate that the critical state exists within the shear failure surface and is highly likely to be unique.

Static and dynamic stabilities of modified gradient elastic Kirchhoff–Love plates

The static and dynamic stabilities of modified gradient elastic Kirchhoff–Love plates (MGEKLPs), which incorporate two length-scale parameters related to strain gradient and rotation gradient effects, are comprehensively analyzed under various load forms and boundary conditions (BCs). The study of static stability employs static balance method and an improved energy method by introducing higher-order deformation gradients and corresponding energy terms. Utilizing the variational method, a sixth-order fundamental buckling differential equation for MGEKLPs under both transverse and in-plane loads is derived, serving as the foundation for the static balance method. The static stability analysis of MGEKLPs examines the combined effects of strain and rotation gradients on size-dependent critical buckling loads. Building on generalized strain energy with higher-order deformation energy, the energy method of classical elastic thin plate model is enhanced and applied to the static stability analysis of MGEKLPs. This approach enables the investigation of static stability without being constrained by the need to solve complex differential equations, making it applicable to various BCs and load scenarios. While static stability provides a description of stable state of an elastic system, dynamic stability offers a more scientific and rigorous analysis. The dynamic stability of simplified gradient elastic Kirchhoff–Love plates (SGEKLPs) with curved edges and different BCs is further investigated by combining the generalized strain energy with Lyapunov’s second stability method, presenting the dynamic stability criterion in the form of norms. A strict description of the dynamic stability of a SGEKLP over the entire time domain is provided for different supporting conditions, including case where all edges are supported and case with free edges. The analysis of size-dependent static and dynamic stabilities offers theoretical guidance for designing elastic thin plates with microstructures.

The modified physics-informed neural network (PINN) method for the thermoelastic wave propagation analysis based on the Moore-Gibson-Thompson theory in porous materials

This paper presents novel contributions to both theory and solution methodology in AI-based analysis of solid mechanics. The physics-informed neural network (PINN) method is developed for thermoelastic wave propagation and Moore-Gibson-Thompson (MGT) coupled thermoelasticity analysis of porous media, a first in the field. The coupled thermoelasticity governing equations, based on the MGT heat conduction model, are derived for a porous half-space, with the thermal relaxation coefficient and strain relaxation factor being considered. Mechanical and thermal shock loading boundary conditions are imposed. The behavior of a magnesium-made porous body is analyzed using the PINN method, with highly accurate results being achieved for the system of coupled PDEs. An adaptive hyperparameter tuning approach, integrating a generalized subset design (GSD) and Bayesian optimization algorithm, is used to automatically select the optimal structure based on the L2 relative error. This hybrid methodology eliminates manual adjustment concerns. The proposed method is verified through a thorough comparison with the Lord-Shulman theory of coupled thermoelasticity. The strength of the methodology lies in its ability to operate without domain data, with only boundary and initial points being required. Four example sets are examined to demonstrate the capabilities of the modified PINN, and high-quality predictions of dimensionless fields’ variables over an extended time interval are obtained, confirming its extrapolation abilities.

Segment test to investigate early age movement in grouted connections of offshore wind turbines

Cementitious grout materials are regularly used in structural – and especially in wind energy engineering – as filler material e.g. when joining metallic building members. During the hardening process, it is crucial to protect the grout material from any mechanical agitation, the so called ‘early age movement’, which is not always possible. Previous research showed indifferent results regarding the impact of early age movement on grouted connections. The occurring damage phenomena were not fully understood. To close this knowledge gap, a novel test setup is developed to investigate, how early age movement influences the material and interface properties of cementitious materials in composite connections using the example of grouted connections. A simplified mechanical model depicting the grout stiffness development during hydration is introduced to analyse load redistributions and realistic loading of the grout at different points in time. Comparing two loading protocols reveals a severe difference in the stress distribution experienced by the grout. Loading and transition boundaries play a decisive role for possible damage phenomena. The results of a test under axial and lateral early age movement are analysed according to load redistributions and hysteresis development, showing that the stiffening grout continuously reduced the movement until an intact bond is reached. However, analyses of samples subjected to early age movement indicate a slight reduction of their compressive strength.

In-situ stress field simulation and fracture distribution prediction of middle lower Ordovician in Zone B of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

This study constructed a heterogeneous rock mechanics model through well seismic joint inversion, set up a dual cycle statement to optimize the application of boundary loads, and obtained the current stress field distribution in Zone B. At the same time, we preferred the rock fracture criterion, carried out the quantitative characterization of different natures of fractures, and used the integrated fracture development rate to portray the integrated fracture development situation. Finally, the horizontal stress difference, stress heterogeneity coefficient, and comprehensive fracture rate were proposed to define the development index of fractured reservoirs. The results show that (1) the maximum horizontal principal stress is 102–144 MPa, and the minimum horizontal principal stress is 85–125 MPa; (2) the development rate of tension fractures is 0.03–0.23, the development rate of shear fractures is 0.15–0.54, and the integrated fracture development rate is 0.28–0.79; (3) the development index of fracture-type reservoirs is >2.3, Class I; 1.8–2.3, Class II; When it is lower than 1.8, Grade III. This article attempts to apply the stress field simulation results to the quantitative prediction of reservoir fractures, adding new ideas for the practical application of stress field results.

One‐dimensional consolidation analysis of layered soil with exponential flow under continuous drainage boundary

AbstractTo comprehensively consider the influence of boundary conditions, non‐Darcy flow, load forms, and soil stratification on soil consolidation, a one‐dimensional soil consolidation equation is established. By subdividing the soil layer and employing time discretization, the nonlinear consolidation equation is linearized, resulting in an analytical solution for layered soil foundation at any given time. Subsequently, an iterative approach for time solution is employed to obtain a semi‐analytical solution. The correctness of the solution is verified by comparison with solutions based on Darcy's flow and the semi‐analytical method under traditional drainage boundary conditions. Subsequently, the influence of interface parameters, loading conditions, flow index, and other factors on consolidation characteristics is analyzed. The results indicate that higher interface parameter values for continuous drainage boundaries correspond to faster average consolidation rates for stratified soil foundations, while these parameters have little effect on the time required for complete consolidation of the soil layers. Improved boundary drainage performance amplifies the influence of exponential flow on pore water pressure and average consolidation degree. Conversely, poor boundary drainage performance diminishes the impact of exponential flow on soil consolidation, rendering it negligible. Moreover, faster loading rates accentuate the influence of the flow index on the average consolidation degree defined by pore pressure.

Error analysis for determining transverse tensile delamination strength of REBCO coated conductors by anvil test: numerical simulation demonstrations

RE–Ba–Cu–O (REBCO, where RE = Y, Gd, Sm, and other rare earth elements) coated conductor (CC) tapes exhibit considerable potential for application within the domains of high-energy physics and high-field science. Nevertheless, weak interfacial properties pose a significant obstacle, impeding the progress and practical implementation in high-field scenarios. The anvil tension method has been extensively employed for the assessment of transverse delamination strength of REBCO CC tapes. However, the outcomes derived from anvil tension exhibit severe dispersion, thereby impeding its efficacy in evaluating material performance. The underlying cause of this phenomenon remains unidentified. In this study, error analysis of anvil measurement method in determining the transverse tensile delamination strength (TTDS) of REBCO CC tapes was conducted based on finite element (FE) numerical simulations. A two-dimensional multilayer elastic-plastic delamination FE model with main layers of REBCO CC tapes, solder connecting layers and anvil materials were developed based on the bilinear cohesive zone model. The effects of anvil test conditions and the structural configuration of the conductor itself on the test results were discussed. Simulation results show that localized premature cracking of the interface due to stress concentration and plastic yielding of the CC tape around the loading boundary is the root reason for the discrepancy between the anvil test results and the true interfacial strength. Therefore, anvil test conditions (including top anvil dimensions, soldering conditions, loading eccentricity angle, and anvil material properties) as well as the structural configuration of the conductor itself (including edge initial crack length, edge encapsulation width, and stabilizer thickness) have a significant impact on anvil test-based TTDS results.

Vibration Characteristics of Liquid-Filled Pipes Under Different Levels of Submergence

Based on the acousto-solid coupling theory, the vibroacoustic radiation characteristics of the liquid-filled pipeline are studied under different submergence depths, and the changes of sound pressure level of pipeline are analyzed under different submergence depths of the flow transfer pipeline. The vibration characteristics of liquid-filled pipes with different submergence degrees were numerically analyzed from the pressure-acoustic domain and the solid mechanics domain, and the two-way coupled data exchange was realized by using acoustic-structural boundary multi-physical field function. The sound pressure level variation curves of the liquid-filled pipes were calculated for different submergence depths under the simultaneous action of internal and external flow fields, respectively. The results show that when the pipe is submerged in the lower and middle positions of the center of the circle, the sound pressure fluctuations of the pipe radiating outward are more consistent, and when submerged in the upper half, the sound pressure concentration phenomenon occurs in the lower and middle regions outside the pipe. When the free boundary outside the pipe is subjected to the boundary load, the pipe submerged in the lower position of the center of the circle is most obviously affected by the load. The tube submerged in the upper and lower positions of the center of the tube will produce two-way, increasing the form of sound pressure propagation in the tube towards the upper and lower sides, these findings can provide a certain reference for the study of pipe vibroacoustics. Therefore, research on the acoustic radiation properties of liquid-filled pipelines under various submergence depths is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value. This information can be applied widely in the fields of anti-fatigue design, fatigue damage analysis, and safety assessment of oil and gas pipeline structures, providing strong scientific support to ensure their safe and reliable service.

Onset and propagation of slip at adhesive elastic interfaces.

The transition from static to dynamic friction when an elastic body is slid over another is now known to result from the motion of interface rupture fronts. These fronts may be either cracklike or pulselike, with the latter involving reattachment in the wake of the front. How and why these fronts occur remains a subject of active theoretical and experimental investigation, especially given its wide ranging implications. In this work, we investigate the role of boundary loading in answering this question using an elastic lattice-network model under displacement/velocity controlled loading. Bulk elastic and interface bonds are simulated using a network of springs, with a stretch-based detachment and reattachment rule applied to interface bonds. We find that, contrary to commonly used rigid body models with Coulomb-type friction laws, the type of rupture front observed is very closely linked to the location of the applied boundary displacements. Depending on whether the sliding elastic solid is pulled, pushed or sheared-all equivalent in the rigid case-distinct interface rupture modes can occur. We quantify these rupture modes, evaluate the corresponding interface stresses that lead to their formation, and and study their subsequent propagation dynamics. Our results reveal quantitative analogies between the sliding friction problem and mode II fracture, with attendant wave speeds ranging from slow to Rayleigh. We discuss how these fronts mediate interface motion and implications for the general transition mechanism from static to dynamic friction.