Boron Fertilizer Applications Research Articles

Variations in rhizosphere soil dominant and pathogenic flora improve boron-efficient Beta vulgaris L. yield under boron deficit

Boron (B)-efficient sugarbeet can potentially adapt better to the B deficient soil environments, however the characteristics of root yield or quality and rhizosphere soil microbial dynamics associated with B-efficient beet roots are extremely understudied. This study aimed to clarify the root yield characteristics and rhizosphere microbial response of B-efficient sugarbeet variety under B deficiency. Pertinently, the findings of this study will contribute to the reduction of B resource consumption and cleaner production in sugarbeet planting management. The study utilized two sugarbeet varieties with different B utilization propensities and subjected them to normal and B deficient field conditions. Results demonstrated a reduction in the yield quality of both varieties under B deficiency, but the B-efficient variety exhibited a smaller reduction. Boron deficiency reduced the species richness and diversity of the rhizospheric microbial community, decreasing the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteria, while increasing that of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and the pathogenic fungus Fusarium. The proportion of dominant bacterial was severely reduced in B-inefficient varieties (0.86%) compared to B-efficient varieties (0.14%). The efficient variety displayed higher species richness of rhizospheric soil fungi and a higher abundance and proportion of dominant flora, i.e., Bacillus and Actinobacteria, albeit lower abundance of the pathogenic fungi Mortierellomycota and Rhizoctonia. These advantages allowed B-efficient sugarbeet variety to maintain higher yield levels under B deficit. Overall, under B-deficient conditions, B-efficient variety of sugarbeet was less limited than B-inefficient one, and its rhizosphere microbial communities were more conducive to sugarbeet yield in terms of composition and function. Succinctly, this study revealed the advantages of rhizosphere soil microorganisms associated with B-efficient beet under B-deficient environments and provided the theoretical basis for reducing boron fertilizer application to protect the ecosystem and realize green and clean agricultural production, particularly of sugar beet.

Resistance of oil palm seedlings against red spider mite attack through boron fertilizer application

Resistance of oil palm seedlings against red spider mite attack through boron fertilizer application

Physiological activities of cocoa trees induced by soil and foliar applications of boron fertilizer

This study investigates the impact of boron fertilizer on physiological activities of cocoa trees, specifically focusing on boron content, nitrogen content, nitrate reductase activity, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis rate in cocoa plant leaves. This research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two treatment factors, which were the type of boron fertilizer application (soil and foliar fertilizer), and the dose of boron fertilizer (1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 g plant<sup>−1</sup> with 0 g plant<sup>−1</sup> as a control). Data were then analyzed for variance differences (ANOVA) with α = 5%, followed by the Tukey test, and contrast orthogonal for comparing treated and control plants. The results showed that the dose of boron fertilizer and the type of fertilizer application used have a significant effect on the physiological activity of the cocoa plant. The dose of boron with soil application affects physiological activity in a linear pattern where each additional dose of boron will increase the activity of nitrate reductase, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rate. The dose of boron with foliar application affects physiological activity in a quadratic pattern, where the dose of boron in the range of 3 g plant<sup>−1</sup> is the optimum dose that gives maximum results on nitrate reductase activity, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rate in the cocoa leaves. Therefore, it is considered that the application of boron fertilizer at a dose of 3 g plants<sup>−1</sup> with the foliar application is more efficient in increasing physiological activity compared to the dose of boron with soil application.

Effects of Exogenous Boron Fertilizer Application in Mentha Piperita L. on Yield and Total Phenolic Production

Nane anavatanı Akdeniz Bölgesi olan, dünya üzerinde geniş alanlara yayılmış ve ekonomik önemi yüksek bir bitkidir. Çok yıllık aromatik bir bitki türü olan nane, içerisinde bulunan eterik yağlar ve özellikle mentol bileşikleri ile başta baharat bitkisi olmak üzere, kozmetik, tıp ve ilaç sanayi gibi endüstriyel alanlarda da kullanılmaktadır. Burada sunulan araştırma ile topraktan ve yapraktan püskürtme şeklinde yapılan borlu gübre uygulamalarının dünyada ekonomik anlamda baharat ve tıbbi bitki olarak yetiştirilmekte olan Mentha piperita L. türüne ait bitkilerde sürgün uzunluğu, yaş herba verimi, kuru herba verimi, kuru yaprak verimi, klorofil miktarları ve toplam fenolik madde birikimi üzerine olan etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Saksı denemesindeki bitkilere 0, 5, 10, 15 mg L-1 konsantrasyonlarda sodyum oktaborat gübresi (Na2B8O13.4H2O disodyum oktaborat tetrahidrat) iki kez uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, sodyum borat gübresinin, özellikle 10 ve 15 mg L-1 konsantrasyonlarının, kontrol işlemine kıyasla verim parametrelerini önemli ölçüde artırdığını göstermiştir. Toplam fenolik madde miktarını ise 5, 10, 15 mg L-1 konsantrasyonlarındaki sodyum borat gübresi uygulamalarının sırasıyla %123.87, %119.14 ve %136.02 oranlarında artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.

Erken gelişme döneminde yapraktan bor uygulamasının mısırın hasıl verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the effects of various boron quantities applied at different vegetative growth stages of maize as foliar application on hay and silage yield and quality in Southern Mediterranean ecological conditions.Methods and Results: Different boron fertilizer doses (0, 4, 6, 8 kg ha-1 disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (ETIDOT-67 (Na2B8O13.4H2O)) applied at early vegetative stages of maize (V2, V4 and V2+V4 as two portions) and the effects of boron on yield and quality prameters of maize were examined. As a result of study, higher silage and hay yields were observed at all boron applications in comparison with control and the highest yields (68.43 ton ha-1silage and 21.58 ton ha-1 hay yield) were obtained at 8 kg ha-1 boron application. Also other boron doses had the statistically similar results. Although the highest yields in terms of application times were observed at boron applications at V2+V4 stages as two portions, the differences between the application times were not statistically significant.Conclusions: We recommend that 4 kg ha-1 boron fertilizer application at early vegetative stages of maize for high silage yield and quality.Significance and Impact of the Study: Limited researches were performed on boron effects on hay and silage yields and qualities of maize up to now. This study revealed that the effects of boron application at early vegetative period of maize. Also, it is expected to be a source for further studies.

Response of (Capsicum annuum L.) to Trichoderma Enrichment in Planting Medium and Application of Boron Fertilizer

Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui respon beberapa varietas cabai besar (Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap pengayaan Trichoderma pada media tanam dan aplikasi pupuk Boron. Penelitian berlangsung dari bulan Juni-September 2017 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar dan dilaksanakan dalam bentuk percobaan Rancangan Petak Terpisah dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Percobaan diatur dengan varietas cabai besar sebagai petak utama yaitu varietas Karina (V1), varietas Tombak (V2), dan varietas Panex 100 F1(V3) sedangkan kombinasi cendawan Trichoderma dan pemupukan Boron sebagai anak petak terdiri atas 6 kombinasi perlakuan. Penelitian menunjukkan interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan varietas dan Trichoderma-Boron pada parameter tinggi tanaman dan terdapat pengaruh nyata dari perlakuan varietas terhadap jumlah cabang produktif dan jumlah buah per tanaman. Pengaruh nyata dari perlakuan Trichoderma-Boron ditunjukkan pada parameter panjang buah per tanaman umur 100 HST. Interaksi yang memberikan hasil terbaik yaitu pada perlakuan Trichoderma asperellum 4 g tan-1 dan varietas Panex 100 F1 pada tinggi tanaman yaitu 47.77 cm. Perlakuan varietas memberikan hasil terbaik pada varietas Karina dan perlakuan kombinasi Trichoderma-Boron memberikan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan Trichoderma asperellum 4 g tan-1 + Boron 1 mg L-1.
 Kata kunci: Capsicum annuum L., mikroba, pupuk boron, varietas

Rasio Tanaman Induk Jantan dan Betina Serta Penambahan Pupuk Boron pada Tanaman Jantan Terhadap Produksi dan Mutu Benih Jagung Manis (Zea mays “Saccharata” STURT.)

Salah satu alasan rendahnya produksi jagung manis di Indonesia adalah kurangnya ketersediaan bibit yang berkualitas dan kurang akuratnya teknis budidaya. Salah satu upaya yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung manis adalah dengan menetapkan rasio tanaman induk jantan dan betina dan penambahan boron pupuk pada tanaman jantan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Kotes, Gandosari, Blitar dengan ketinggian di atas 60 m dpl. Dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan rancangan kelompok petak terpisah (RBD) dengan 3 faktor dan 2 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah rasio tanaman yang terdiri dari 1: 4, 1: 5 dan 1: 6. Faktor kedua adalah penambahan pupuk boron yang terdiri dari 0 kg / ha (kontrol) dan 15 kg / ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan rasio tanaman induk jantan dan betina berpengaruh secara nyata pada parameter jumlah biji setiap tongkol, berat 100 biji, perkecambahan dan kecepatan perkecambahan. Rasio tanaman induk dari 1: 5 (R2) menunjukkan hasil terbaik dengan menghasilkan 219,50 biji setiap tongkol dan viabilitas benih 83,67%, dan 32,75% untuk kecepatan perkecambahan biji. Adapun perlakuan pemupukan boron sangat berbeda nyata pada berat serbuk sari dan viabilitas serbuk sari. Pupuk Boron dengan dosis 15 kg / ha (B2) menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada produksi serbuk sari dan viabilitas serbuk sari masing-masing 1,91 gram / tanaman dan 7,19%. Ada interaksi yang berbeda nyata antara rasio tanaman induk dan pupuk boron pada jumlah biji di setiap tongkol. Kombinasi rasio tanaman induk 1:5 dan pemupukan boron menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada jumlah rata-rata benih dengan 232,30 biji pada setiap tongkol.

Boron fertilizers in rape – a risk for honey bees?

AbstractRape (Brassica napus L.) is foraged intensively by honey bees (Apis mellifera). Pesticide applications during bloom are sometimes combined with foliar boron fertilizer applications. Boron has insecticidal properties, and therefore, risk to honey bees cannot be excluded. This study was conducted to test whether foliar boron fertilizers could be hazardous for bees under real field conditions. Six colonies were transferred to a rape field in bloom which was treated with boron (1 kg/ha). Six control colonies were transferred to an untreated rape field approximately 7 km away. Performance parameters of the colonies were measured. Samples of honey and beebread were collected from all colonies before and after boron fertilizer application. The contents of boron and of Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, S and Zn were measured in honey by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP MS) and by ICP–atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES). No significant differences were found in honey yield (P = 0.622), number of capped brood (P = 0.089), number of uncapped brood (P = 0.123) or number of bees (P = 0.87). Application of boron fertilizer did not affect the concentration of boron in honey (P = 0.656) or beebread (P = 0.665). The concentrations of other elements confirmed the suitability of rape nectar for bee nutrition. This study suggests that the application of foliar boron fertilizers in blooming rape is not hazardous for bee colonies.

Boron application improves on yield and chemical composition of strawberry

Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient required for normal plant growth and development. Boron management is challenging because the optimum B application range is narrow and the application rates vary from one soil to another. Boron deficiency is widespread in the Anatolia region of Turkey. This may impact on yield and mineral contents of leaves and fruits of strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa cv. Fern) especially in B-deficient calcareous Aridisols in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to study yield and quality response of strawberry to B application. Boron fertilizer application affected plant yield and chemical composition. B application decreased tissue nitrogen (N) and calcium (Ca) but increased tissue phosphorus (P), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) content. We conclude that a B addition of 5.5 kg ha−1 is sufficient to elevate soil B levels to non-deficient levels.

The effect of nitrogen and boron fertilizer applications on Willamette red raspberry growth, and on applied and other nutrients in the plant and soil over two growing seasons

The effects of three single, spring fertilizer treatments (complete, complete minus N and complete minus B) on raspberry plants were examined in detail over two seasons. Phosphorus, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn in addition to N and B were measured in various plant parts and soil samples monthly. There were no fertilizer effects on berry yield, but treatment-year primocane stem and residualyear floricane stems and laterals were smaller without N. Minus B reduced application-year lateral weights. Soil nitrate concentrations were consistently low without N showing plants used soil organic N as it was mineralized. Soil nitrate concentrations were greater with than without N during the first growing season only. Above-ground plant uptake of the 134 kg N ha-1 application was 34% over the 2 yr. Leaf tissue concentrations were too dynamic for plant N status evaluation, but floricane stem N concentrations showed promise. Hot water extract B in soil responded to B application, but varied with time of sampling. Significant soil B remained in the soil into the second year, apparently not leached as readily as nitrate. Leaf B concentrations were too variable over time for plant B status evaluation, but floricane laterals showed promise. The treatments influenced concentrations of elements other than N and B, but only above-ground P and Mn accumulations were affected significantly. Detailed plant and soil analyses were necessary to fully evaluate treatment effects on this complex-growing perennial crop. Key words: Raspberry yield, raspberry N accumulation, raspberry B accumulation, raspberry nutrient dynamics, apparent N recovery, apparent B recovery, soil nitrate test, nitrate leaching, soil extractable B, residual effects

The effect of nitrogen and boron fertilizer applications on leaf levels, yield and fruit size of the red raspberry

Abstract A factorial fertilizer experiment with four N and two B levels was conducted on red raspberry over a 5 year period to determine the effects on leaf element content, fruit size and fruit yields and to determine standard leaf levels for N and B. Nitrogen application increased leaf N, reduced leaf B, increased fruit size and had no effect on yield. Boron application increased leaf B, reduced yields in 2 of the 5 years but had no effect on fruit size. Nitrogen application increased leaf Mn levels but had no effect on leaf element content of K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, B or Zn. Boron application had no effect on leaf element content. Leaf N content of the primocanes was not related to following year yields for any of the years. Yields were linearly reduced by primocane leaf B in 1 year. Definitive optimum leaf levels for N and B for red raspberry could not be determined since all levels measured seemed to be adequate, however, it is believed that the optimum value for N is under 2.4% and for B under 25–35 ppm.